Dam temporary drainage device and dam
By designing a temporary water discharge device for dams under the ground, the water jump and air doping technology in the energy dissipation pool reduces the water flow energy, solving the problem of excessive water flow speed when the diversion tunnel is damaged, and the stable derivation of the water flow is achieved and the guarantee The dam construction was carried out smoothly.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423099477.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-16
AI Technical Summary
During the dam construction, when the diversion tunnel is damaged or repaired, the water flow rate of the temporary water discharge tunnel is too fast, which can easily lead to the water flow erosion and affect the construction progress.
Design a temporary water discharge device for dams, including digging out the connected water inlet section, gate chamber, slope section, energy dissipation pool and drainage section under the ground. The water flow enters the energy dissipation pool through the gate chamber and slope section, forming a water jump and Doping air to reduce kinetic energy, and guiding the energy-dissolved water flow into the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel through the drainage section to avoid flushing.
Effectively control the water flow velocity, reduce the risk of dams and downstream rivers, ensure the smooth export of water flow, and avoid construction delays.
Smart Images
Figure CN222362448U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, in particular to a temporary water release device for a dam and a dam. Background Art
[0002] A diversion tunnel needs to be built during the construction of a dam. Due to terrain and economic factors, only one diversion tunnel will be built for a small dam. The diversion tunnel can divert the original river water flow from the upstream dam to the downstream dam during the dam construction period, keeping the construction area free of water accumulation. A gate is installed in the diversion tunnel to control the opening and closing of the diversion tunnel. However, when the diversion tunnel is damaged or during maintenance, it is necessary to seal the diversion tunnel. At this time, in order to ensure that the upstream water flow is smoothly diverted to the downstream, a temporary water discharge tunnel will be built in the relevant technology to replace the diversion tunnel. However, due to the high upstream water level, the water flow into the temporary water discharge tunnel is too fast, and the kinetic energy of the water is too large, which can easily destroy the temporary water discharge tunnel and the downstream river channel, affecting the flow of water and delaying the construction period. Utility Model Content
[0003] The problem to be solved by the utility model is how to make water flow smoothly pass through when the diversion hole is blocked.
[0004] To this end, the utility model provides a temporary water release device for a dam, comprising an inlet section, a gate chamber, a slope section, an energy dissipation pool, and a drainage section which are opened underground and connected in sequence, wherein the outlet ends of the inlet section, the slope section, and the drainage section are all inclined downward relative to the inlet end, the inlet section is used to communicate with the bottom of an upstream river channel, the inlet end of the drainage section is connected above the energy dissipation pool, and the outlet end of the drainage section is used to communicate with a drainage pipe of a diversion tunnel.
[0005] Optionally, the temporary water release device of the dam also includes a diffusion section, which is a fan-shaped structure, extending in the width direction of the energy dissipation pool, the vertex of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the outlet end of the gate chamber, and the arc of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the slope section.
[0006] Optionally, a curved gate is provided in the gate chamber, and the curved gate is used to open from bottom to top.
[0007] Optionally, a gate hoist is further provided in the gate chamber, and the gate hoist is drivingly connected to the arc gate.
[0008] Optionally, the lock chamber is used to be arranged directly below the dam.
[0009] Optionally, the lower surface of the outlet end of the slope section smoothly transitions to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation pool.
[0010] Optionally, the position of the drainage section for communicating with the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel is located in the middle of the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel.
[0011] Optionally, the inlet end of the water inlet section is arranged at the same height as the inlet of the diversion tunnel.
[0012] Optionally, the water inlet section, the lock chamber, the slope section and the energy dissipation pool are located in the same vertical plane.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the temporary water release device for dams of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0014] The utility model digs out a water inlet section, a lock chamber, a slope section, an energy dissipation pool and a drainage section connected in sequence from the upstream direction to the downstream direction, that is, roughly from the negative direction to the positive direction of the X-axis, under the ground, and the extending direction from the water inlet section to the drainage section is tilted downward as a whole. The inlet of the water inlet section is opened at the bottom of the upstream river channel. The upstream water flow can enter the water inlet section along the inlet of the water inlet section, and flow into the energy dissipation pool through the lock chamber and the slope section. The lock chamber can be controlled to open and close, thereby controlling the size of the water flow entering the energy dissipation pool, controlling the drainage volume, and preventing the drainage volume from exceeding the water volume that the energy dissipation pool can accommodate. The energy dissipation pool is a downwardly concave water storage tank. The water flow enters the energy dissipation pool and accumulates in the energy dissipation pool, so that the water flow can obtain a sufficient water depth to achieve Bottom flow energy dissipation, a water jump will be formed during the tumbling process of water flow in the energy dissipation pool. The water jump tumbling energy dissipation will mix enough air in the water to achieve the effect of aeration energy dissipation. The whole process reduces the kinetic energy brought by the water flow. The entrance of the drainage section is located above the wall of the energy dissipation pool. When the water level in the energy dissipation pool for energy dissipation reaches the height of the drainage section entrance, it can flow out of the energy dissipation pool along the drainage section from the drainage section entrance. The outlet end of the drainage section is connected to the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel, and the water flow is discharged by using the existing diversion tunnel structure. The kinetic energy of the water after energy dissipation is reduced, and the temporary water release device of the dam will not be destroyed, and the downstream river channel will not be destroyed. The water flow is smoothly discharged from upstream to downstream, ensuring the smooth progress of the dam construction and no delay in the construction period.
[0015] In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the utility model also provides a dam, including the dam described in any one of the above items.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the dam described in the present invention are substantially the same as the beneficial effects of the dam described above, and will not be described in detail herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the temporary water release device for a dam according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the temporary water release device for a dam according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the temporary water release device for a dam according to an embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Description of reference numerals:
[0021] 1- ground; 2- water inlet section; 3- lock chamber; 31- gate; 4- diffusion section; 5- slope section; 6- energy dissipation pool; 7- drainage section; 8- diversion tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0023] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “front”, “back”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
[0025] Moreover, although the present invention is described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements may be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features herein may be combined in a manner not described in the original claims. It may also be understood that the features described in conjunction with the individual embodiments may be used in other embodiments.
[0026] To solve the above problems, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a temporary water release device for a dam, including an inlet section 2, a gate chamber 3, a slope section 5, an energy dissipation pool 6, and a drainage section 7 which are opened under the ground 1 and connected in sequence. The outlet ends of the inlet section 2, the slope section 5, and the drainage section 7 are all inclined downward relative to the inlet end. The inlet section 2 is used to communicate with the bottom of the upstream river channel, the inlet end of the drainage section 7 is connected above the energy dissipation pool 6, and the outlet end of the drainage section 7 is used to communicate with the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8.
[0027] In this embodiment, the water inlet section 2, the lock chamber 3, the slope section 5, the energy dissipation pool 6 and the drainage section 7 are dug out in sequence from the upstream direction to the downstream direction, that is, roughly from the negative direction to the positive direction of the X-axis, under the ground 1, and the extension direction from the water inlet section 2 to the drainage section 7 is tilted downward as a whole. The entrance of the water inlet section 2 is opened at the bottom of the upstream river channel. The upstream water flow can enter the water inlet section 2 along the entrance of the water inlet section 2, and flow into the energy dissipation pool 6 through the lock chamber 3 and the slope section 5. The lock chamber 3 can be controlled to open and close, thereby controlling the size of the water flow entering the energy dissipation pool 6, controlling the drainage volume, and preventing the drainage volume from exceeding the water volume that the energy dissipation pool 6 can accommodate. The energy dissipation pool 6 is a downwardly concave reservoir. The water flows into the energy dissipation pool 6 and accumulates in the energy dissipation pool 6, so that the water flow can obtain sufficient The water depth is used to realize bottom flow energy dissipation. A water jump will be formed in the process of water surging in the energy dissipation pool 6. The water jump tumbling energy dissipation will mix enough air in the water to achieve the effect of aeration energy dissipation. The whole process reduces the kinetic energy brought by the water flow. The entrance of the drainage section 7 is located above the wall of the energy dissipation pool 6. When the water level for energy dissipation in the energy dissipation pool 6 reaches the entrance height of the drainage section 7, it can flow out of the energy dissipation pool 6 along the drainage section 7 from the entrance of the drainage section 7. The outlet end of the drainage section 7 is connected to the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8, and the water flow is discharged by using the existing diversion tunnel 8 structure. The kinetic energy of the water after energy dissipation is reduced, and the temporary water release device of the dam will not be destroyed, and the downstream river channel will not be destroyed. The water flow is smoothly guided from the upstream to the downstream, ensuring that the dam construction proceeds smoothly without delaying the construction period.
[0028] Specifically, the water jump height in the energy dissipation pool 6 is not higher than the top of the energy dissipation pool 6. The device is under the ground 1 and is constructed based on the existing diversion tunnel 8 structure. The engineering measures are simple, the construction is convenient, and the cost is low.
[0029] Alternatively, if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the temporary water release device of the dam also includes a diffusion section 4, which is a fan-shaped structure. The fan-shaped structure extends in the width direction of the energy dissipation pool 6. The vertex of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the outlet end of the gate chamber 3, and the arc of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the slope section 5.
[0030] In this embodiment, a diffusion section 4 is provided between the gate chamber 3 and the slope section 5. The diffusion section 4 is a fan-shaped structure. The vertex of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the gate chamber 3. The fan-shaped structure extends in the Y-axis direction. The arc edge of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the slope section 5. After the water flows out of the gate chamber 3, it flows toward the slope section 5 along the X-axis direction in the diffusion section 4 while also diffusing in the Y-axis direction. This process can disperse the water flow, preliminarily reduce the kinetic energy of the water flow, and also facilitate the water flow to flow through the slope section 5 to the energy dissipation pool 6.
[0031] Specifically, the width of the diffusion section 4, the width of the slope section 5 and the width of the energy dissipation pool 6, that is, the dimensions in the Y-axis direction are all the same.
[0032] Optionally, a curved gate 31 is provided in the gate chamber 3, and the curved gate 31 is used to open from bottom to top.
[0033] In this embodiment, by setting a curved gate 31 in the gate chamber 3, the curved gate 31 can be opened from bottom to top in the vertical direction, that is, the Z-axis direction, so as to control the flow rate of water flowing through the gate chamber 3 through the opening area of the curved gate 31 and realize quantitative discharge of water.
[0034] Specifically, the higher the water level accumulated upstream, the faster the water flows when the arc gate 31 is opened. Therefore, the higher the water level accumulated upstream, the smaller the area of the arc gate 31 opened, so as to achieve quantitative discharge of water. By discharging small amounts and multiple times, all the water accumulated at a high level can be discharged.
[0035] Optionally, a hoist is further provided in the gate chamber 3 , and the hoist is drivingly connected to the arc gate 31 .
[0036] In this embodiment, a gate hoist is provided in the gate chamber 3, and the gate hoist is drivingly connected to the arc gate 31. The opening area of the arc gate 31 is controlled by the gate hoist to achieve the effect of quantitatively discharging water flow.
[0037] Optionally, the lock chamber 3 is arranged directly below the dam.
[0038] In this embodiment, the dam is located above the ground 1, and the gate chamber 3 is set directly below the dam. When water is stored, water will accumulate at the front end of the gate chamber 3, causing leakage. The gate chamber 3 is opened. After the water flows through the gate chamber 3, if water seepage occurs on the ground 1, it can only occur downstream of the dam and will not affect the dam.
[0039] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the lower surface of the outlet end of the slope section 5 transitions smoothly with the bottom surface of the energy dissipation pool 6 .
[0040] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation pool 6 faces downstream, that is, the side in the positive direction of the X-axis is a side wall. By setting the end of the energy dissipation pool 6 facing upstream, that is, the end in the negative direction of the X-axis to be open, and the part of the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 6 facing upstream smoothly transitions with the lower surface of the slope section 5, it is convenient for water to flow through the slope section 5 into the energy dissipation pool 6.
[0041] Alternatively, if Figure 2 As shown, the position where the drainage section 7 is used to communicate with the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8 is located in the middle of the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8.
[0042] In this embodiment, by connecting the outlet end of the drainage section 7 with the middle part of the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8, it is convenient to guide the water flow into the diversion tunnel 8, and guide the water flow into the downstream river channel with the help of the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel 8, which not only bypasses the blocking part of the diversion tunnel 8, but also reduces the length of the drainage section 7, thereby reducing the construction difficulty of the drainage section 7.
[0043] Optionally, the inlet end of the water inlet section 2 is arranged at the same height as the inlet of the diversion tunnel 8 .
[0044] In this embodiment, by opening the inlet end of the water inlet section 2 at the same height as the inlet of the diversion tunnel 8, the water that should have been discharged by the diversion tunnel 8 can be completely discharged along the water inlet section 2, avoiding residual water accumulation in the upstream river channel.
[0045] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the water inlet section 2, the lock chamber 3, the slope section 5 and the energy dissipation pool 6 are located in the same vertical plane.
[0046] In this embodiment, the water inlet section 2, the gate chamber 3, the slope section 5 and the energy dissipation pool 6 are located in the same vertical plane, such as the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located, so that before energy dissipation, the water flow direction can be approximately a straight line, and the water flow can directly flow into the energy dissipation pool 6 for energy dissipation, thereby preventing the water flow from causing damage to the water inlet section 2, the gate chamber 3 and the slope section 5.
[0047] Specifically, the diffusion section 4, the water inlet section 2, the lock chamber 3, the slope section 5 and the energy dissipation pool 6 are also located in the same vertical plane.
[0048] Another embodiment of the utility model provides a dam, comprising the above-mentioned temporary water release device for the dam.
[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the dam of this embodiment are substantially the same as the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned temporary water release device for the dam, and will not be described in detail here.
[0050] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A temporary water release device for a dam, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water inlet section (2), a lock chamber (3), a slope section (5), an energy dissipation pool (6), and a drainage section (7) which are opened under the ground (1) and connected in sequence. The outlet ends of the water inlet section (2), the slope section (5), and the drainage section (7) are all inclined downward relative to the inlet end. The water inlet section (2) is used to communicate with the bottom of the upstream river channel. The inlet end of the drainage section (7) is connected above the energy dissipation pool (6). The outlet end of the drainage section (7) is used to communicate with the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel (8).
2. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a diffusion section (4), which is a fan-shaped structure. The fan-shaped structure extends in the width direction of the energy dissipation pool (6), the vertex of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the outlet end of the gate chamber (3), and the arc of the fan-shaped structure is connected to the slope section (5).
3. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate chamber (3) is provided with an arc-shaped gate (31), and the arc-shaped gate (31) is used to be opened from bottom to top.
4. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gate hoist is also provided in the gate chamber (3), and the gate hoist is drivingly connected to the arc gate (31).
5. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock chamber (3) is used to be arranged directly below the dam.
6. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the outlet end of the slope section (5) smoothly transitions to the bottom surface of the energy dissipation pool (6).
7. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the drainage section (7) for communicating with the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel (8) is located in the middle of the drainage pipe of the diversion tunnel (8).
8. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the water inlet section (2) is used to be at the same height as the inlet of the diversion tunnel (8).
9. The temporary water release device for a dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet section (2), the gate chamber (3), the slope section (5) and the energy dissipation pool (6) are located in the same vertical plane.
10. A dam, characterized in that: It comprises the temporary water release device for a dam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.