Plastic metallization vehicle-mounted panel antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a plastic metallization vehicle-mounted panel antenna, which comprises an integrated antenna, the integrated antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units, and each antenna unit is provided with an antenna layer, a polarization conversion layer and a network layer. The antenna layer comprises a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and a third antenna layer which are located at the top, the network layer comprises a first feed network layer, a second feed network layer and a third feed network layer, and an isolation groove is formed in the upper surface of the first antenna layer; compared with the prior art, the vehicle-mounted panel antenna is designed to be of a seven-layer structure and comprises the three network layers, the polarization conversion layer and the three antenna layers, the light alloy plastic material meeting the vehicle-mounted working condition is configured, and the material has the advantages of being high in low-temperature toughness, high in fluidity, matched with the actual shrinkage rate of a mold, easy to plate and the like at the same time; low-roughness electroplating treatment is adopted, and various plating types can be selected; the special jig is assembled layer by layer, and pins are used for positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna. Background Art

[0002] Compared with common PCB microstrip and metal vibrator antennas, waveguide slot array antennas have the advantages of high gain, high efficiency, low loss, easy heat dissipation, large power capacity, and strong adaptability to harsh environments.

[0003] For circularly polarized antennas, they can receive waves of any polarization and can also be received by antennas of any polarization, thus avoiding polarization mismatch. When incident on symmetrical targets such as raindrops and dust, the rotation direction will be reversed, which can suppress interference from bad weather such as rain and fog. In geosynchronous orbit systems, antennas with continuous beam scanning capabilities are preferred, so that satellite equipment can track dynamic targets without being blinded.

[0004] As the requirements for weight and cost of large array antennas become higher and higher, traditional aluminum alloy machining methods have become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements. To this end, the utility model proposes a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat panel antenna that can solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat-panel antenna, comprising an integrated antenna, the integrated antenna comprising multiple antenna units, each of the antenna units being provided with an antenna layer, a polarization conversion layer and a network layer, the antenna layer comprising a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and a third antenna layer located at the top, the network layer comprising a first feeding network layer, a second feeding network layer and a third feeding network layer, and an isolation groove is provided on the upper surface of the first antenna layer.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the antenna unit includes a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, a third antenna unit, and a fourth antenna unit.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, embedded nuts are fixedly installed on the first antenna layer, the polarization conversion layer and the third feeding network layer, and screw holes are opened at positions close to the embedded nuts on the second antenna layer, the third antenna layer, the first feeding network layer and the second feeding network layer.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the number of the embedded nuts and screw through holes is four groups, and the four groups of embedded nuts and screw through holes are respectively distributed on the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, a threaded hole is also provided on the one-piece integrated antenna.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the outer surfaces of the first antenna layer, the second antenna layer, the third antenna layer, the polarization conversion layer, the first feed network layer, the second feed network layer and the third feed network layer are all plated with an electroplating layer.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the electroplating layer is a Cu8Ni3 plating layer, a Cu8Ag3 plating layer or a silver plating layer.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the one-piece integrated antenna is also provided with a plurality of groups of evenly distributed pin holes for installation and positioning.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the antenna layer is arranged on the upper surface of the polarization conversion layer, the polarization conversion layer is arranged on the upper surface of the network layer, and the antenna layer, the polarization conversion layer and the network layer are fixedly connected.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the first antenna layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second antenna layer, and the second antenna layer is arranged on the upper surface of the third antenna layer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model discloses a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat-plate antenna. The vehicle-mounted flat-plate antenna is designed as a seven-layer structure, including three network layers, one polarization conversion layer, and three antenna layers. The structure is fastened with screws, and a plurality of embedded nuts are provided to increase the connection strength. The light alloy plastic material that meets the vehicle-mounted working conditions is configured. The material has the characteristics of high and low temperature toughness, high fluidity, matching the actual shrinkage rate of the mold, and easy plating. The material is obtained by using precision injection molding technology. The material is subjected to low-roughness electroplating treatment, with a roughness Ra of less than 0.8 μm, and a variety of plating types are optional. The special jig is assembled in layers and positioned with pins. The gap is scanned by X-ray CT, and conductive foam or conductive copper foil is applied in the potential leakage area to ensure the continuity of the electrical signal.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the first antenna layer of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a side view structural diagram of the first antenna layer of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a rear view structural diagram of the integrated antenna of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the integrated antenna of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure: 1, first antenna layer; 2, second antenna layer; 3, third antenna layer; 4, polarization conversion layer; 5, first feed network layer; 6, second feed network layer; 7, third feed network layer; X, integrated antenna; X1, first antenna unit; X2, second antenna unit; X3, third antenna unit; X4, fourth antenna unit; 10, antenna layer; 20, network layer; 30, embedded nut; 40, screw through hole; 50, threaded hole; 11, isolation slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] See also Figure 1-5 In this embodiment, a plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat-panel antenna is provided, including an integrated antenna X, the integrated antenna X includes multiple antenna units, each antenna unit is provided with an antenna layer 10, a polarization conversion layer 4 and a network layer 20, the antenna layer 10 includes a first antenna layer 1, a second antenna layer 2, and a third antenna layer 3 located at the top, the network layer 20 includes a first feeding network layer 5, a second feeding network layer 6 and a third feeding network layer 7, and an isolation groove 11 is provided on the upper surface of the first antenna layer 1.

[0029] The first antenna layer 1 , the polarization conversion layer 4 and the third feed network layer 7 are fixedly mounted with embedded nuts 30 , and the second antenna layer 2 , the third antenna layer 3 , the first feed network layer 5 and the second feed network layer 6 are provided with screw holes 40 near the embedded nuts 30 .

[0030] There are four groups of embedded nuts 30 and screw through holes 40, and the four groups of embedded nuts 30 and screw through holes 40 are respectively distributed on the first antenna unit X1, the second antenna unit X2, the third antenna unit X3, and the fourth antenna unit X4.

[0031] A threaded hole 50 is also provided on the integrated antenna X, and the integrated antenna X is made of PC / ABS alloy.

[0032] The outer surfaces of the first antenna layer 1 , the second antenna layer 2 , the third antenna layer 3 , the polarization conversion layer 4 , the first feeding network layer 5 , the second feeding network layer 6 and the third feeding network layer 7 are all plated with an electroplating layer.

[0033] The electroplating layer is a Cu8Ni3 plating layer, a Cu8Ag3 plating layer or a silver plating layer.

[0034] The integrated antenna X is also provided with a plurality of evenly distributed pin holes for installation and positioning.

[0035] The antenna layer 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the polarization conversion layer 4 , the polarization conversion layer 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the network layer 20 , and the antenna layer 10 , the polarization conversion layer 4 , and the network layer 20 are fixedly connected.

[0036] The utility model aims to provide a circularly polarized vehicle-mounted flat-plate antenna and a preparation method thereof which utilize a plastic metallization process and work in the Ka frequency band. Therefore, the utility model also proposes a method for manufacturing a plastic metal slide vehicle-mounted flat-plate antenna, comprising the following steps:

[0037] 1. The injection molding material uses PC / ABS alloy, electroplating grade. This basic material is easy to plate, light in weight, with a density of about 1.1g / cm3 and a relatively low price. We have increased the PC content to maintain good low-temperature toughness, meet the storage temperature of -50℃-95℃ and the operating temperature of -40℃-75℃. We know that the actual shrinkage rate of the product is related to the specific structure. During the injection molding process, we adjust the composition and proportion of the material based on the measured product size, and adjust the injection molding machine parameters to match the actual product shrinkage rate, and adjust the material shrinkage rate to 0.5%. The product has many thin-walled structures, which require high fluidity of the alloy material. High fluidity components are selected from chemical raw materials to increase the melt index of the alloy material to 23g / 10min.

[0038] 2. Precision injection molding is achieved through raw materials, molds, injection molding machine parameter matching, ambient temperature control and other means, so that the tolerance of injection molded parts is controlled within the range of ±0.05mm.

[0039] 3. Plastic threads are processed by post-milling to simplify mold complexity and manufacturing costs. Product dimensions are also corrected by CNC post-processing, and the draft features are milled off to make the product appearance more compact and beautiful.

[0040] 4. Customize the electroplating hanger, and use evenly distributed screw holes and threaded holes as electroplating hangers to make the potential uniform and the coating thickness relatively uniform. The product is plated with Cu8Ni3 as a whole, and the overall cost is low. It can also be plated with Cu8Ag3. The cost of silver plating is relatively high, but the conductivity of silver is better than that of nickel. The measured results show that the insertion loss of the surface silver-plated product is more than 0.2db better than that of the nickel-plated product. Since the customized material has been plated, only simple chemical roughening is required to obtain good adhesion. The surface roughness of the antenna after metallization treatment is only increased by 0.1-0.2 microns on the basis of the injection molding material. While meeting the performance requirements, considering the economy, the overall roughness of the product is designed to be Ra < 0.8μm.

[0041] 5. If there is too much gap in the product, it will cause signal leakage. We scan the gap through X-ray and apply conductive foam or conductive copper foil to the potential leakage area to ensure the continuity of the electrical signal.

[0042] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the entire antenna is composed of four antennas, that is, the antenna units include a first antenna unit X1, a second antenna unit X2, a third antenna unit X3, and a fourth antenna unit X4, which are integrally formed, and the relative position tolerance of each antenna is ±0.05mm, which meets the phase requirements; at the same time, the complexity of the system metal waveguide is simplified to the greatest extent.

[0043] The antenna is divided into two modules: antenna layer 10 and network layer 20. The two modules are fixed together by polarization conversion layer 4. Polarization conversion layer 4 has the largest thickness and the highest strength, providing rigid support for the entire antenna. Each module is fixed by a customized M1.6 screw with a length of about 30mm. Several threaded holes are embedded with nuts to increase connection reliability.

[0044] The external connection port of the antenna is inlaid with a nut 40 by in-mold injection molding, thereby improving the connection strength and being suitable for multiple disassembly.

[0045] The antenna is divided into 7 layers, and each layer has a draft angle of 0.5°. This not only meets the requirements of injection molding, but also matches the original simulation model to the maximum extent, reducing the impact and workload.

[0046] The receiving and transmitting port feeding layers are layered separately, and the minimum thickness of the vertical channel is set to 0.5mm to ensure that the upper and lower layers are effectively fitted and the signals are isolated.

[0047] An isolation slot 11 is provided in the middle of the top antenna radiation plate to improve the isolation index.

[0048] In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted flat-panel antenna of the utility model reduces its weight by more than 50% and its cost by more than 30% compared with aluminum alloy products. It achieves high integration, with one product integrating four circularly polarized antenna array units (4-in-1), and its maximum antenna position tolerance is no more than ±0.05mm, simplifying the huge waveguide feeding network in the system.

[0049] At the same time, the product is designed as a seven-layer structure, including three network layers, one polarization conversion layer, and three antenna layers. It is fastened with screws and a number of embedded nuts are set to increase the connection strength. It is configured with lightweight alloy plastic materials that meet the vehicle-mounted working conditions. The material also has high and low temperature toughness, high fluidity, matches the actual shrinkage rate of the mold and is easy to plate. Precision injection molding technology is used to obtain the material; low-roughness electroplating treatment, roughness Ra <0.8μm, a variety of plating types are available; special fixtures are assembled in layers and positioned with pins; X-ray CT scans the gap, and conductive foam or conductive copper foil is applied to the potential leakage area to ensure the continuity of the electrical signal.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an integrated antenna (X), wherein the integrated antenna (X) comprises a plurality of antenna units, each of the antenna units is provided with an antenna layer (10), a polarization conversion layer (4) and a network layer (20), the antenna layer (10) comprises a first antenna layer (1) located at the top, a second antenna layer (2) and a third antenna layer (3), the network layer (20) comprises a first feeding network layer (5), a second feeding network layer (6) and a third feeding network layer (7), and an isolation groove (11) is provided on the upper surface of the first antenna layer (1).

2. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna unit includes a first antenna unit (X1), a second antenna unit (X2), a third antenna unit (X3), and a fourth antenna unit (X4).

3. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first antenna layer (1), the polarization conversion layer (4) and the third feed network layer (7) are fixedly mounted with embedded nuts (30), and the second antenna layer (2), the third antenna layer (3), the first feed network layer (5) and the second feed network layer (6) are provided with screw through holes (40) at positions close to the embedded nuts (30).

4. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the embedded nuts (30) and the screw through holes (40) is four groups, and the four groups of embedded nuts (30) and the screw through holes (40) are respectively evenly distributed on the first antenna unit (X1), the second antenna unit (X2), the third antenna unit (X3), and the fourth antenna unit (X4).

5. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated antenna (X) is also provided with a threaded hole (50).

6. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the first antenna layer (1), the second antenna layer (2), the third antenna layer (3), the polarization conversion layer (4), the first feed network layer (5), the second feed network layer (6) and the third feed network layer (7) are all plated with an electroplating layer.

7. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electroplating layer is a Cu8Ni3 plating layer, a Cu8Ag3 plating layer or a silver plating layer.

8. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated antenna (X) is also provided with a plurality of evenly distributed pin holes for installation and positioning.

9. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna layer (10) is arranged on the upper surface of the polarization conversion layer (4), the polarization conversion layer (4) is arranged on the upper surface of the network layer (20), and the antenna layer (10), the polarization conversion layer (4) and the network layer (20) are fixedly connected.

10. The plastic metallized vehicle-mounted flat antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna layer (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the second antenna layer (2), and the second antenna layer (2) is arranged on the upper surface of the third antenna layer (3).

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