Fishpond morchella esculenta planting system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom planting, and particularly relates to a fish pond morchella planting system. Natural wind enters the planting space through the air holes in the lateral sunshade layer and the airflow guide windows. Natural wind passes through the upper surface of the constant-temperature water and enters the planting space through the airflow adjusting pipe. The airflow adjusting window is opened, and air in the planting space escapes upwards through the airflow adjusting window and the air holes in the top sunshade layer. The air flow in the planting space can be kept relatively stable and soft, and the temperature is relatively constant. And constant-temperature water in the temperature-regulating and moisture-preserving ditches continuously permeates into the soil layer to provide necessary humidity for the growth of the morchella esculenta. And the constant-temperature water in the temperature-adjusting and moisture-preserving ditch can also enable the humidity of air entering the planting space through the airflow adjusting pipe to be higher, and has a certain temperature adjusting effect on natural wind passing through the upper surface of the constant-temperature water. When the area of the fish pond is smaller than 5 mu, healthy and stable growth of the morchella esculenta is facilitated, and the fruiting quality is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of edible fungus planting, and in particular relates to a fish pond morel planting system. Background Art

[0002] Morel, also known as Morchella, belongs to the Ascomycetes, Peziaceae, Peziales, Morchaceae, and Morchella genus. It is one of the precious and rare edible fungi in the world. Morchella is a low-temperature and high-humidity fungus. The growing season of wild Morchella fruiting bodies is from March to May or from August to September each year. Generally speaking, Morchella occurs mostly in environments with moist soil or high rainfall and moisture retention or high groundwater levels. Light has a certain promoting effect on the formation of fruiting bodies, and the growth and development of fruiting bodies are phototropic. Sufficient oxygen and a well-ventilated place are necessary conditions to ensure the normal growth and development of Morchella.

[0003] The artificial cultivation of morels requires that the original species of morels be cultivated and then directly sown in the surface soil. A greenhouse is built above the surface soil to provide shade. Greenhouses usually include arched greenhouses and flat greenhouses. The ventilation and heat exchange performance of arched greenhouses is poor, resulting in heat concentration, and problems such as high accumulated temperature and low oxygen content in the greenhouse are prone to occur. The insulation effect of flat greenhouses is poor, and the temperature, oxygen content and other conditions in the greenhouse are difficult to control. The above two forms of greenhouses are conducive to the growth of morels, but are likely to reduce the quality of the mushrooms.

[0004] The Chinese patent document with application number CN202120158251.8 discloses a system for growing morels in fish ponds. The fish pond foundation pit is an upwardly opening structure, and the bottom has a soil layer, and the soil layer contains fish feces; the plastic film covers the upper surface of the soil layer, and is provided with a number of through holes; the sunshade is installed above the soil layer through a mounting frame; the sunshade is a flat shed, and there is a spacing between the sunshade and the plastic film, and there is a ventilation gap between the edge of the sunshade and the edge of the fish pond foundation pit. Morels are planted after the fish farming season ends, and fish feces provide nutrients for the growth of morels. The plastic film can prevent a large amount of water from evaporating in the soil layer. While the sunshade blocks the sunlight, it can also play a certain windproof role together with the side wall of the fish pond foundation pit. The air flow between the sunshade and the plastic film remains relatively stable and soft, and it can also prevent heat from accumulating between the sunshade and the plastic film, and the temperature is relatively constant. While making efficient use of the fish pond, it is conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels. In actual application, it was found that when the fish pond area is larger than 5 mu, the healthy and stable growth of morels can be achieved, ensuring the yield and quality of morels. When the fish pond area is less than 5 mu, the yield of morels will be seriously reduced, which is not conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a fish pond morel cultivation system, which is conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels when the fish pond area is less than 5 mu.

[0006] The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution: a fish pond morel cultivation system, comprising a fish pond foundation pit with an opening facing upward, a soil layer at the bottom of the fish pond foundation pit, and the soil layer containing fish feces; further comprising a temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch, a shelter shed, a mounting frame and an airflow regulating pipe;

[0007] The shelter is installed on the soil layer through a mounting frame and encloses a planting space; a ventilation gap is provided between the outer periphery of the shelter and the edge of the fish pond foundation pit;

[0008] The soil layer is provided with the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch arranged around the outer periphery of the shelter, and the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch is filled with constant temperature water; the temperature of the constant temperature water is t, 18°C ​​≥ t ≥ 15°C;

[0009] The airflow regulating pipe is placed on the soil layer, the air inlet of the airflow regulating pipe is located above the constant temperature water in the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch, and the air outlet of the airflow regulating pipe is located in the planting space;

[0010] The shelter shed includes side enclosures and an arched top cover arranged above the side enclosures; the arched top cover includes a top sunshade layer and a top heat-insulating layer which are arranged overlappingly from top to bottom, and the side enclosures include a side heat-insulating layer and a side sunshade layer which are arranged overlappingly; the side sunshade layer is located outside the side heat-insulating layer; an airflow guide window which is connected to the planting space is arranged between the side heat-insulating layer located on one side of the side enclosures and the bottom of the arched top cover, and the adjacent side sunshade layer blocks the airflow guide window; the top sunshade layer and the side sunshade layer both have a plurality of air holes;

[0011] An air flow regulating window connected to the planting space is provided on the top insulation layer, and a shielding piece for opening or closing the air flow regulating window is installed at the air flow regulating window; there are multiple air flow regulating windows, and the multiple air flow regulating windows are evenly distributed on the top insulation layer.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an exhaust fan installed on the mounting frame, the exhaust fan is arranged corresponding to the airflow guide window and is located in the planting space.

[0013] Furthermore, the shielding sheet is connected to the top insulation layer via a zipper.

[0014] Furthermore, the top insulation layer, the shielding sheet and the side insulation layers are all plastic films.

[0015] Furthermore, the top sunshade layer and the side sunshade layers are both polyethylene sunshade nets.

[0016] Furthermore, the constant temperature water is well water.

[0017] Furthermore, the airflow regulating tube is a PVC tube.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a water diversion ditch connected to the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch, and the water diversion ditch is crisscrossed and arranged on the soil layer.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are both installed in the planting space.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, and the temperature sensor and the exhaust fan are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model provides a fish pond morel cultivation system, which is conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels when the fish pond area is less than 5 mu. It has the advantages of simple structure and is easy to promote. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of natural wind entering the planting space through the air holes and air flow guide windows on the side sunshade layer;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the exhaust fan in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of natural wind entering the planting space through the air flow regulating pipe, and the air in the planting space escaping upward through the air flow regulating window;

[0027] Figure numerals: 1-fish pond foundation pit; 101-soil layer; 2-temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch; 201-constant temperature water; 3-shed; 301-side enclosure; 3011-side insulation layer; 3012-side sunshade layer; 302-arched top cover; 3021-top insulation layer; 3022-top sunshade layer; 303-air flow guide window; 304-air flow adjustment window; 305-shielding sheet; 4-air flow adjustment pipe; 401-air inlet; 402-air outlet; 5-mounting frame; 6-exhaust fan; 7-water diversion ditch; 8-support; 9-well. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] The fish pond morel cultivation system comprises a fish pond foundation pit 1 with an opening facing upward, wherein the bottom of the fish pond foundation pit 1 has a soil layer 101, wherein the soil layer 101 contains fish feces; the system also comprises a temperature-regulating and moisture-retaining ditch 2, a shelter 3, a mounting frame 5, and an airflow regulating pipe 4; the shelter 3 is installed on the soil layer 101 through the mounting frame 5, and forms a cultivation space; there is a ventilation gap between the outer periphery of the shelter 3 and the edge of the fish pond foundation pit 1; the temperature-regulating and moisture-retaining ditch arranged around the outer periphery of the shelter 3 is dug on the soil layer 101 2. The temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2 is filled with constant temperature water 201; the temperature of the constant temperature water 201 is t, 18°C ​​≥ t ≥ 15°C; the air flow regulating pipe 4 is placed on the soil layer 101, the air inlet 401 of the air flow regulating pipe 4 is located above the constant temperature water 201 in the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2, and the air outlet 402 of the air flow regulating pipe 4 is located in the planting space; the shelter 3 includes a side enclosure 301 and an arched top cover 302 arranged above the side enclosure 301; the arched The top cover 302 includes a top sunshade layer 3022 and a top insulation layer 3021 which are overlapped, and the side enclosure 301 includes a side insulation layer 3011 and a side sunshade layer 3012 which are overlapped; the side sunshade layer 3012 is located on the outer side of the side insulation layer 3011; an air flow guide window 303 which is connected to the planting space is arranged between the side insulation layer 3011 located on one side of the side enclosure 301 and the bottom of the arched top cover 302, and the adjacent side sunshade The layer 3012 blocks the airflow guide window 303; the top sunshade layer 3022 and the side sunshade layer 3012 both have a number of air holes; the top heat-insulating layer 3021 is provided with an airflow regulating window 304 connected to the planting space, and the airflow regulating window 304 is provided with a shielding piece 305 for opening or closing the airflow regulating window 304; a plurality of airflow regulating windows 304 are provided, and the plurality of airflow regulating windows 304 are evenly distributed on the top heat-insulating layer 3021.

[0030] When fish are raised in a fish pond, the fish excrete feces in the water. After the fish are caught and the water in the fish pond is drained, the fish pond foundation pit 1 is exposed, and a large amount of fish feces is deposited in the soil layer 101 at the bottom of the fish pond foundation pit 1. The mycelium of Morchella is sown in the soil layer 101, and the fish feces in the soil layer 101 provide nutrients for the growth of Morchella. The mounting frame 5 provides mounting support for the shielding shed 3, which is a prior art. The top sunshade layer 3022 and the side sunshade layer 3012 block part of the sunlight, creating a semi-shaded and semi-sunny lighting environment for the Morchella. Since the fish pond foundation pit 1 is an upwardly opening structure, its side wall and the shielding shed 3 play a certain windproof role together. Especially when the natural wind outside is strong, it can effectively prevent the strong wind from blowing directly to the Morchella mushroom body. Specifically, the side insulation layer 3011 located on one side of the side enclosure 301 is provided with an air flow guide window 303 connected to the planting space between the top insulation layer 3021. The air flow guide window 303 is arranged adjacent to the arched top cover 302 and is located above the soil layer 101. The natural wind enters the planting space through the air holes on the side sunshade layer 3012 and the air flow guide window 303. The natural wind blows over the upper surface of the constant temperature water 201 and enters the planting space through the air flow regulating tube 4. The air flow regulating window 304 is opened, and the air in the planting space escapes upward through the air flow regulating window 304 and the air holes on the top sunshade layer 3022. The air flow in the planting space can remain relatively stable and gentle, and the temperature is relatively constant. The constant temperature water 201 in the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2 continuously infiltrates into the soil layer 101, providing the necessary humidity for the growth of morels. The constant temperature water 201 in the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2 can also make the air humidity entering the planting space through the air flow regulating tube 4 higher, and play a certain temperature regulating effect on the natural wind blowing over the upper surface of the constant temperature water 201. By adjusting the number of air flow adjustment windows 304, the temperature in the planting space is maintained at 18-22°C during the mycelium growth period, the temperature in the planting space is maintained at 15-18°C during the spore dispersal period, and the temperature in the planting space is maintained at 15-18°C during the fruiting body growth period. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are installed in the planting space and in the soil layer 101, and a light monitoring sensor is also installed in the planting space for real-time monitoring. When the fish pond area is less than 5 mu, it is conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels, and the mushroom quality is good.

[0031] In order to improve the rapid regulation of the temperature in the planting space, it is preferred that an exhaust fan 6 is installed on the mounting frame 5, and the exhaust fan 6 is arranged corresponding to the airflow guide window 303 and is located in the planting space. Specifically, the exhaust fan 6 is installed on the mounting frame 5 through a support 8. The exhaust fan 6 and the mounting frame 5 are connected to the support 8 by bolts. The support 8 can be a T-shaped seat, an L-shaped seat, etc. An exhaust fan 6 is installed at each airflow guide window 303.

[0032] The shielding sheet 305 can be connected to the top insulation layer 3021 through a buckle, and preferably, the shielding sheet 305 is connected to the top insulation layer 3021 through a zipper. It has the advantage of convenient operation.

[0033] The top insulation layer 3021, the shielding sheet 305 and the side insulation layer 3011 can all be made of PC board products. Preferably, the top insulation layer 3021, the shielding sheet 305 and the side insulation layer 3011 are all plastic films.

[0034] Specifically, the top sunshade layer 3022 and the side sunshade layer 3012 are both polyethylene sunshade nets.

[0035] Specifically, the constant temperature water 201 is well water. A well 9 is excavated outside the fish pond foundation pit 1, and the well water in the well 9 is pumped into the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2 by a water pump. The temperature of the well water is relatively constant, and is maintained at 16-18°C all year round.

[0036] Specifically, the airflow regulating tube 4 is a PVC tube.

[0037] Preferably, it also includes a water diversion ditch 7 connected to the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch 2, and the water diversion ditch 7 is crisscrossedly arranged on the soil layer 101.

[0038] In order to realize automatic control, it is preferred that a controller is further included, and the temperature sensor and the exhaust fan 6 are both electrically connected to the controller. The temperature sensor sends the collected temperature data to the controller, and the comparator integrated in the controller compares the collected temperature data with the set data. When the collected temperature data is less than the set data, the controller sends a closing signal to the exhaust fan 6, and the exhaust fan 6 is closed; when the collected temperature data is greater than the set data, the controller sends an opening signal to the exhaust fan 6, and the exhaust fan 6 is turned on.

[0039] By monitoring 6 experimental bases, the following experimental data were obtained:

[0040] Base 1, data start and end date: 2023-12-03 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1:

[0042] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 20.65 3.60 11.94 humidity(%) 100.00 74.15 97.37 Light (lux) 2658.28 0.00 300.64 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 20.50 6.90 14.76 RS485 soil humidity (%) 80.80 12.20 40.25

[0043] Base 2, data start and end date: 2023-12-03 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2:

[0045] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 25.00 1.87 9.98 humidity(%) 100.00 48.63 98.89 Light (lux) 5336.34 0.00 322.44 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 26.20 5.30 11.50 RS485 soil humidity (%) 100.00 0.00 99.68

[0046] Base 3, data start and end date: 2023-12-03 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 3.

[0047] Table 3:

[0048] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 24.57 2.33 10.63 humidity(%) 100.00 57.87 99.11 Light (lux) 6985.02 0.00 424.61 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 24.20 4.70 11.95 RS485 soil humidity (%) 93.60 0.00 84.77

[0049] Base 4, data start and end date: 2023-12-10 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 4.

[0050] Table 4:

[0051] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 23.84 1.53 10.01 humidity(%) 100.00 32.63 95.19 Light (lux) 31674.80 0.00 267.90 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 24.00 5.70 11.68 RS485 soil humidity (%) 100.00 0.00 94.99

[0052] Base 5, data start and end date: 2023-12-10 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 5.

[0053] Table 5:

[0054] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 23.18 1.17 9.05 humidity(%) 100.00 46.58 98.11 Light (lux) 4913.00 0.00 256.42 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 24.00 5.20 10.77 RS485 soil humidity (%) 100.00 0.00 99.51

[0055] Base 6, data start and end date: 2023-12-10 00:00:00 to 2024-02-19 00:00:00. The experimental data are shown in Table 6.

[0056] Table 6:

[0057] sensor Maximum Minimum average value Temperature(℃) 23.57 1.33 9.72 humidity(%) 100.00 54.53 98.80 Light (lux) 5357.02 0.00 422.13 RS485 soil temperature (℃) 21.60 4.70 11.00 RS485 soil humidity (%) 100.00 0.00 99.65

[0058] The temperature, humidity, and light recorded in the six charts above all refer to the temperature, humidity, and light in the planting space. It can be concluded from the above experimental data that, through the technical solution of the utility model, the temperature, humidity, light, soil temperature, and soil humidity in the planting space are all suitable for the growth of morels. When the fish pond area is less than 5 mu, it is conducive to the healthy and stable growth of morels.

[0059] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. All equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fish pond morel cultivation system, comprising a fish pond foundation pit (1) with an opening facing upward, wherein the bottom of the fish pond foundation pit (1) has a soil layer (101), and the soil layer (101) contains fish feces; characterized in that: It also includes a temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch (2), a shielding shed (3), a mounting frame (5) and an airflow regulating pipe (4); The shelter shed (3) is installed on the soil layer (101) via a mounting frame (5) to enclose a planting space; a ventilation gap is provided between the outer periphery of the shelter shed (3) and the edge of the fish pond foundation pit (1); The soil layer (101) is provided with the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch (2) arranged around the outer periphery of the shelter (3), and the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch (2) is filled with constant temperature water (201); the temperature of the constant temperature water (201) is t, 18°C ​​≥ t ≥ 15°C; The airflow regulating pipe (4) is placed on the soil layer (101), the air inlet (401) of the airflow regulating pipe (4) is located above the constant temperature water (201) in the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch (2), and the air outlet (402) of the airflow regulating pipe (4) is located in the planting space; The shelter shed (3) comprises a side enclosure (301) and an arched roof (302) arranged above the side enclosure (301); the arched roof (302) comprises a top sunshade layer (3022) and a top heat-insulating layer (3021) arranged in an overlapping manner, and the side enclosure (301) comprises a side heat-insulating layer (3011) and a side sunshade layer (3012) arranged in an overlapping manner; the side sunshade layer (3012) is located on the side heat-insulating layer (3011). The outer side of the thermal insulation layer (3011); an air flow guide window (303) connected to the planting space is arranged between the side thermal insulation layer (3011) located on one side of the side enclosure (301) and the bottom of the arched top cover (302), and the adjacent side sunshade layer (3012) blocks the air flow guide window (303); the top sunshade layer (3022) and the side sunshade layer (3012) both have a plurality of air holes; An airflow regulating window (304) connected to the planting space is provided on the top heat-insulating layer (3021), and a shielding sheet (305) for opening or closing the airflow regulating window (304) is installed at the airflow regulating window (304); a plurality of airflow regulating windows (304) are provided, and the plurality of airflow regulating windows (304) are evenly distributed on the top heat-insulating layer (3021).

2. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust fan (6) installed on the mounting frame (5), the exhaust fan (6) is arranged corresponding to the airflow guide window (303) and is located in the planting space.

3. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding sheet (305) is connected to the top heat-insulating layer (3021) via a zipper.

4. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top thermal insulation layer (3021), the shielding sheet (305) and the side thermal insulation layer (3011) are all plastic films.

5. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top sunshade layer (3022) and the side sunshade layer (3012) are both polyethylene sunshade nets.

6. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature water (201) is well water.

7. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow regulating tube (4) is a PVC tube.

8. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a water diversion ditch (7) connected to the temperature regulating and moisturizing ditch (2), and the water diversion ditch (7) is arranged on the soil layer (101) in a crisscross manner.

9. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, both of which are installed in the planting space.

10. The fish pond morel cultivation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, and the temperature sensor and the exhaust fan (6) are both electrically connected to the controller.

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