Constant-temperature reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of acid gas purification equipment, in particular to a constant-temperature reactor which comprises a reaction cylinder, a constant-temperature reaction chamber, a catalyst layer and a heat exchange tube, the acid gas treatment effect is good, the treatment efficiency is higher, the reaction space is large, and the energy consumption is lower; meanwhile, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the constant-temperature reaction chamber to form a heat exchange tube bundle, and heat generated by oxidation reaction in the constant-temperature reactor is removed in time, so that a stable reaction temperature is kept in the constant-temperature reaction chamber, inactivation of a catalyst due to too high temperature is avoided, the stability of acid gas treatment is ensured, and continuous and stable oxidation reaction is ensured; and stable treatment efficiency and treatment effect are realized. By optimizing the catalyst layer, the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst is improved, sulfur is not easy to accumulate, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged and can be 2-3 times of that of a traditional catalyst.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of acid gas purification equipment, in particular to a constant temperature reactor. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of petrochemical, coal gasification or natural gas extraction, some acidic gases, i.e. acidic gases containing harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur, are generated. They are highly toxic, corrosive and have a pungent odor, and direct discharge will cause serious pollution to the environment and does not meet the emission requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to purify the acidic gases. In the purification process of the prior art, an oxidation reaction is usually used to treat the acidic gas, and the sulfur-containing harmful substances in the acidic gas are converted into sulfur element; however, the current oxidation equipment usually has the problems of poor acid gas removal effect, easy deactivation of the catalyst, and unstable treatment efficiency. Therefore, based on the above problems, the prior art needs to be further improved. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a constant temperature reactor to solve the prior art problems existing in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows: a constant temperature reactor is provided, including a reaction cylinder, a constant temperature reaction chamber, a catalyst layer and a heat exchange tube, the top end of the reaction cylinder is provided with a process gas inlet, and the bottom end is provided with a process gas outlet, the constant temperature reaction chamber is arranged inside the reaction cylinder and is connected with the process gas inlet and the process gas outlet, the catalyst layer is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber, the heat exchange tube is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged, and the heat exchange tubes are filled with flowing heat exchange medium.

[0005] Based on the above technical solution, the catalyst layer is arranged in a constant temperature reaction chamber through a supporting structure, and the supporting structure includes a porcelain ball supporting layer, a wire mesh and a filling material. The porcelain ball supporting layer is filled with porcelain balls and is arranged on both sides of the catalyst layer. The wire mesh is laid on both sides of the porcelain ball supporting layer and is fixed on the inner wall of the constant temperature reaction chamber. Filling material is also arranged between the porcelain balls and the wire mesh to prevent the porcelain balls and the catalyst from falling off.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the catalyst layer is provided with three layers in the constant temperature reaction chamber, namely, a direct oxidation catalyst layer filled in the upper layer, a hydrolysis Claus catalyst layer filled in the middle layer and a selective oxidation catalyst layer filled in the lower layer, and the mass ratio is 20%-30% / 35%-45% / 30%-40%.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, an insulation coil is arranged between the constant temperature reaction chamber and the process gas outlet and is filled with low-pressure steam. The head end of the insulation coil is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet, and the end end is connected to the low-pressure condensate outlet.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, a heat exchange medium inlet is provided at the bottom end of the side wall of the reaction cylinder, and a steam outlet is provided at the top end. The heat exchange medium inlet is connected to the head end of the heat exchange tube, and the steam outlet is connected to the end of the heat exchange tube.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the heat exchange medium is set to medium-pressure boiler water.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the filling material is set to ceramic fiber cotton.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, a catalyst loading port and a catalyst unloading port are provided on the outer side wall of the reaction cylinder.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the utility model are:

[0013] 1. The utility model provides a constant temperature reactor, which has good treatment effect on acidic gas, higher treatment efficiency, large reaction space and lower energy consumption. Specifically, in the constant temperature reaction chamber, an oxidation reaction is carried out at 180-280°C under the action of a catalyst layer, and H2S is oxidized to elemental sulfur under the action of the catalyst while the organic sulfur in the process gas is hydrolyzed. The following reactions mainly occur: H2S+0.5SO2→1 / xS x +H2O; to achieve controllable oxidation of H2S in acid gas; at the same time, multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber to form a heat exchange tube bundle, which can timely remove the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the constant temperature reactor, so as to maintain a stable reaction environment in the constant temperature reaction chamber, that is, to ensure that the reactor bed temperature is not higher than 280°C, to avoid the catalyst from being deactivated due to excessive temperature, to ensure the stability of acid gas treatment and to ensure the continuous and stable progress of the oxidation reaction, so as to achieve stable treatment efficiency and treatment effect.

[0014] 2. Compared with traditional catalysts, the catalyst used in this application improves catalytic efficiency and is not easy to accumulate sulfur, while extending the service life of the catalyst, which can be up to 2-3 times that of traditional catalysts. Specifically, the support structure can achieve stable support for the catalyst layer through ceramic balls, and the combination of the wire mesh and the filling material can also prevent the catalyst from falling off, avoiding affecting the treatment effect and efficiency of the acid gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the constant temperature reactor in the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the catalyst and the supporting structure in the constant temperature reactor of the utility model; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0018] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a constant temperature reactor, including a reaction cylinder 1, a constant temperature reaction chamber 2, a catalyst layer and a heat exchange tube 3, the top of the reaction cylinder 1 is provided with a process gas inlet 11, and the bottom is provided with a process gas outlet 12, the constant temperature reaction chamber 2 is arranged inside the reaction cylinder 1 and is connected with the process gas inlet 11 and the process gas outlet 12, the catalyst layer is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber 2, the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber 2 and is provided in plurality, and the heat exchange tube 3 is filled with flowing heat exchange medium.

[0021] The present application provides a constant temperature reactor, which has good treatment effect on acidic gas, higher treatment efficiency, large reaction space and lower energy consumption. Specifically, an oxidation reaction is carried out at 180-280°C in a constant temperature reaction chamber under the action of a catalyst layer, and H2S is oxidized to elemental sulfur under the action of the catalyst while the organic sulfur in the process gas is hydrolyzed, and the following reactions mainly occur: H2S+0.5SO2→1 / xS x+H2O; to achieve controllable oxidation of H2S in acid gas; at the same time, multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber to form a heat exchange tube bundle, which can timely remove the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the constant temperature reactor, so as to maintain a stable reaction environment in the constant temperature reaction chamber, that is, to ensure that the reactor bed temperature is not higher than 280°C, to avoid the catalyst from being deactivated due to excessive temperature, to ensure the stability of acid gas treatment and to ensure the continuous and stable progress of the oxidation reaction, so as to achieve stable treatment efficiency and treatment effect.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the catalyst layer is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber 2 through a supporting structure, and the supporting structure includes a porcelain ball supporting layer 4, a wire mesh 5 and a filling material. The porcelain ball supporting layer 4 is filled with porcelain balls and is arranged on both sides of the catalyst layer. The wire mesh 5 is laid on both sides of the porcelain ball supporting layer 4 and is fixed on the inner wall of the constant temperature reaction chamber 2. Filling material is also arranged between the porcelain balls and the wire mesh 5 to prevent the porcelain balls and the catalyst from falling off.

[0023] More preferably, the bottom shape of the reaction chamber in the constant temperature reactor is similar to an inverted pot, with strong support strength and can effectively prevent porcelain ball leakage; compared with the shorter service life of traditional catalysts, the catalyst used in this application has high catalytic efficiency and is not easy to accumulate sulfur, while extending the service life of the catalyst, which can reach 2-3 times the service life of traditional catalysts. Specifically, the support structure can achieve stable support for the catalyst layer, and the support is provided by the porcelain balls. At the same time, the combination of the wire mesh and the filling material can also prevent the catalyst from falling off, avoiding affecting the treatment effect and treatment effect of the acidic gas. Preferably, a multi-layer catalyst is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber, and a porcelain ball support layer is arranged at the top and bottom of the catalyst. The middle multi-layer catalyst is stacked in sequence, and the multi-layer catalytic oxidation reaction is performed to achieve a better treatment effect on the acidic gas.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the catalyst layer is provided with three layers in the constant temperature reaction chamber 2, which are a direct oxidation catalyst layer 21 filled in the upper layer, a hydrolysis Claus catalyst layer 22 filled in the middle layer and a selective oxidation catalyst layer 23 filled in the lower layer, and the mass ratio is 20%-30% / 35%-45% / 30%-40%.

[0025] Specifically, the reactions occurring in each layer are as follows: the upper layer oxidizes the hydrogen sulfide in the process gas into sulfur, accompanied by some side reactions, and the reaction formula is: H2S+0.5O2=1 / xS x+H2O, S+O2=SO2, H2S+CO2=COS+H2O, 2H2S+CO2=CS2+2H2O; the middle layer is to hydrolyze COS and CS2 produced by the side reaction into H2S and promote the Claus reaction. The reaction formula is: COS+H2O=H2S+CO2, CS2+2H2O=2H2S+CO2, 2H2S+SO2=3 / 2S2+2H2O; the bottom layer is to oxidize the hydrogen sulfide in the process gas into sulfur and reduce the occurrence of side reactions. The reaction formula is: H2S+0.5O2=1 / XS x +H2O,S+O2=SO2.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst in the isothermal reactor is provided with three layers, wherein the hydrolysis catalyst filled in the middle layer is a titanium-based catalyst, and the other two are iron-based catalysts; that is, three catalysts, namely, direct oxidation catalyst, hydrolysis Claus catalyst and selective oxidation catalyst, are provided for selection and matching, and the preferred catalyst loading sequence is: top layer: direct oxidation catalyst, which oxidizes the hydrogen sulfide in the process gas into sulfur, accompanied by some side reactions; middle layer: hydrolysis agent Claus catalyst, which hydrolyzes COS produced by the side reaction into H2S and promotes the Claus reaction; bottom layer: selective oxidation catalyst, which oxidizes the hydrogen sulfide in the process gas into sulfur, reducing the occurrence of side reactions. In addition, the loading amount and loading sequence of the catalyst can be designed according to the actual working conditions, and the loading sequence can be changed to effectively deal with the situation where the hydrogen sulfide concentration exceeds the design value when the equipment size is determined.

[0027] Based on the above technical solution, an insulation coil 6 is arranged between the constant temperature reaction chamber 2 and the process gas outlet 12 and is filled with low-pressure steam. The head end of the insulation coil 6 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet 7, and the end end is connected to the low-pressure condensate outlet 8.

[0028] By arranging a heat preservation coil 6 between the bottom end of the constant temperature reaction chamber 2 and the top end of the process gas outlet 12, low-pressure steam is introduced into the heat preservation coil 6, so that the sulfur vapor after the reaction can be kept warm and heated, so that it can maintain a certain temperature before entering the sulfur condenser, avoiding the problem of sulfur blockage, and having excellent practical performance in the actual operation process.

[0029] Based on the above technical solution, a heat exchange medium inlet 13 is provided at the bottom end of the side wall of the reaction cylinder 1, and a steam outlet 14 is provided at the top end. The heat exchange medium inlet 13 is connected to the head end of the heat exchange tube 3, and the steam outlet 14 is connected to the end of the heat exchange tube 3.

[0030] Based on the above technical solution, the heat exchange medium is set to medium-pressure boiler water.

[0031] Preferably, the heat exchange tube 3 is provided with flowing medium-pressure boiler water, which comes from the distribution network. The medium-pressure boiler water enters the heat exchange tube bundle of the constant temperature reactor through the heat exchange medium inlet, removes the heat generated by the oxidation reaction, and keeps the temperature of the constant temperature reactor stable and not exceeding 280°C, while generating 1.7MPa saturated steam, which eventually enters the steam network through the steam outlet. The heat exchange medium of the constant temperature reactor in this application is water, which is different from the existing treatment process that uses oil as the heat exchange medium. Using water as the heat exchange medium is not only inexpensive, but also compared with using oil as the heat exchange medium, when using water as the heat exchange medium during the operation of the device, it is not only convenient to replace and the water can be discharged on the spot, and the treatment cost is also lower.

[0032] Based on the above technical solution, the filling material is set to ceramic fiber cotton.

[0033] Preferably, the filling material is ceramic fiber cotton, that is, the gaps between the wire mesh and the ceramic balls are filled with ceramic fiber cotton to prevent the catalyst carried on the ceramic balls and the ceramic ball support layer from falling off without affecting the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst.

[0034] Based on the above technical solution, a catalyst loading port 15 and a catalyst unloading port 16 are provided on the outer wall of the reaction cylinder 1 .

[0035] By arranging the catalyst loading port 16 and the catalyst unloading port 16 on the reaction cylinder 1, it is convenient to fill and remove the multiple catalyst layers in the constant temperature reaction chamber 2, and the operation is more convenient.

[0036] The basic principle and main features of the utility model are shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the utility model.

[0037] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A constant temperature reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reaction cylinder (1), a constant temperature reaction chamber (2), a catalyst layer and a heat exchange tube (3); the top of the reaction cylinder (1) is provided with a process gas inlet (11), and the bottom is provided with a process gas outlet (12); the constant temperature reaction chamber (2) is arranged inside the reaction cylinder (1) and is in communication with the process gas inlet (11) and the process gas outlet (12); the catalyst layer is arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber (2); a plurality of heat exchange tubes (3) are arranged in the constant temperature reaction chamber (2); and the heat exchange tubes (3) are filled with a flowing heat exchange medium.

2. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst layer is arranged in a constant temperature reaction chamber (2) via a support structure, the support structure comprising a ceramic ball support layer (4), a wire mesh (5) and a filling material, the ceramic ball support layer (4) is filled with ceramic balls and is arranged on both sides of the catalyst layer, the wire mesh (5) is laid on both sides of the ceramic ball support layer (4) and is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the constant temperature reaction chamber (2), and a filling material is also arranged between the ceramic balls and the wire mesh (5) to prevent the ceramic balls and the catalyst from falling off.

3. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst layer is provided in a constant temperature reaction chamber (2) with three layers, namely, an upper layer filled with a direct oxidation catalyst layer (21), a middle layer filled with a hydrolysis Claus catalyst layer (22), and a lower layer filled with a selective oxidation catalyst layer (23), and the mass ratio is 20%-30% / 35%-45% / 30%-40%.

4. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulation coil (6) is arranged between the constant temperature reaction chamber (2) and the process gas outlet (12) and is filled with low-pressure steam; the head end of the insulation coil (6) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet (7) and the tail end is connected to the low-pressure condensate outlet (8).

5. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the side wall of the reaction cylinder (1) is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet (13), and the top end is provided with a steam outlet (14); the heat exchange medium inlet (13) is connected to the head end of the heat exchange tube (3), and the steam outlet (14) is connected to the tail end of the heat exchange tube (3).

6. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium is set to be medium-pressure boiler water.

7. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling material is ceramic fiber wool.

8. A constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A catalyst loading port (15) and a catalyst unloading port (16) are provided on the outer side wall of the reaction cylinder (1).

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