Integrated assembly line for disassembling and recycling laminated part in photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic module recovery, and particularly relates to an integrated assembly line for disassembling and recovering laminated parts in a photovoltaic module, which comprises a laminated part separating device and a high-temperature furnace which are connected with each other, the laminated piece separating device separates photovoltaic laminated pieces, the input end of the laminated piece separating device is connected with a laminated piece conveying device used for conveying the photovoltaic laminated pieces, and the output end of the laminated piece separating device is connected with a back plate conveying device, a glass cover plate conveying device and a middle conveying device which are used for discharging back plates, glass cover plates and battery pieces with adhesive films respectively. The high-temperature furnace separates the battery pieces with the adhesive films, the input end is connected with a middle conveying device used for conveying the battery pieces with the adhesive films, and the output end is connected with a battery piece conveying device used for discharging the battery pieces. Compared with the prior art, the device solves the problem that all components of the photovoltaic module laminated part cannot be completely recycled in the prior art; according to the scheme, through continuous layered disassembly, high-temperature cracking and composition recovery, complete recovery of the back plate, the glass cover plate and the battery piece is kept to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic component recycling, and specifically relates to an integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic components. Background Art

[0002] The installed capacity of photovoltaic power stations in my country continues to increase, but this also brings about the problem of recycling and disposal of retired photovoltaic modules.

[0003] At present, separation and recycling are mostly crushing and screening, and the semi-manual and semi-mechanized efficiency is low. It is impossible to completely recycle the components of the components, and there is a lack of complete automated assembly lines. Therefore, the development of efficient, mechanized and large-scale application of component recycling methods has become a focus.

[0004] For example, CN117548466A discloses a recycling and disassembly system and method for discarded photovoltaic modules, and the key points of its technical solution are: including a loading module, a disassembly module, a transmission module, a high-pressure water cutting module, a cryogenic grinding module, a pyrolysis module and a feeding module; the loading module is used to move the photovoltaic module to the transmission module, the disassembly module is used to separate the junction box, the aluminum alloy frame and the photovoltaic laminate of the photovoltaic module, the high-pressure water cutting module is used to cut the photovoltaic laminate and the aluminum alloy frame, the cryogenic grinding module is used to remove the organic silicone film on the aluminum alloy frame and the backboard of the photovoltaic laminate, the pyrolysis module is used to decompose and remove the photovoltaic laminate of the backboard, the film and plastic of the junction box, and retain the copper material, silicon wafer and glass of the junction box, and the feeding module is used to classify the aluminum alloy frame, copper material, silicon wafer and glass. In this solution, the backboard is completely crushed, and the copper material, silicon wafer and glass of the aluminum alloy frame and the junction box are finally recovered. To reuse them in photovoltaic modules, they need to be re-prepared into a backboard and assembled into a laminate, which makes the recycling process artificially complicated.

[0005] Therefore, based on the existing technology, it is necessary to propose an automated production line that can completely recycle the components of the laminate to reduce the recycling cost and improve efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an integrated production line for disassembly and recycling of laminates in photovoltaic modules in order to solve at least one of the above problems, so as to solve the problem that the components of the laminates of photovoltaic modules cannot be completely recycled in the prior art; this solution achieves maximum complete recycling of backplanes, glass cover plates and battery cells through continuous layered disassembly, high-temperature cracking and component recycling.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An integrated assembly line for disassembling and recycling laminates in photovoltaic modules, used for disassembling and recycling photovoltaic laminates, the assembly line comprising a laminate separation device and a high-temperature furnace connected;

[0009] The laminate separation device is used to separate the photovoltaic laminate into a back sheet, a glass cover sheet and a battery sheet with an adhesive film. The input end of the laminate separation device is connected to a laminate conveying device for transmitting the photovoltaic laminate, and the output end of the laminate separation device is connected to a back sheet conveying device, a glass cover sheet conveying device and an intermediate conveying device for respectively discharging the back sheet, the glass cover sheet and the battery sheet with an adhesive film.

[0010] The high temperature furnace is used to separate the battery cells with adhesive film into battery cells. The input end of the high temperature furnace is connected to an intermediate conveying device for conveying the battery cells with adhesive film, and the output end of the high temperature furnace is connected to a battery cell conveying device for discharging the battery cells.

[0011] Preferably, the laminate separation device is also electrically connected to a separation device operating console.

[0012] Preferably, a temperature sensor and a visual sensor are provided inside the laminate separation device, and the separation device operation console is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the visual sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the high temperature furnace is also electrically connected to a high temperature furnace operation console.

[0014] Preferably, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided inside the high-temperature furnace, and the high-temperature furnace operation console is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the laminate conveying device is a roller conveyor.

[0016] Preferably, the backplane conveying device, the glass cover conveying device, the intermediate conveying device and the battery cell conveying device are belt conveyors.

[0017] Preferably, the assembly line further comprises a cell collection device, a glass cover plate collection device and a back plate collection device;

[0018] The battery cell collecting device is arranged downstream of the battery cell conveying device and is used to collect the separated battery cells;

[0019] The glass cover plate collecting device is arranged downstream of the glass cover plate conveying device and is used to collect the separated glass cover plates;

[0020] The backplane collecting device is arranged downstream of the backplane conveying device and is used for collecting the separated backplanes.

[0021] Preferably, the assembly line further comprises a transfer robot arm, which is disposed beside the glass cover plate conveying device and is used to transfer the glass cover plate conveyed on the glass cover plate conveying device to the glass cover plate collecting device.

[0022] Preferably, the end of the transfer robot arm is configured as a suction cup structure.

[0023] The working principle of the utility model is:

[0024] When working, the photovoltaic laminated parts after the frame and junction box have been removed are first sent to the laminated parts separation device by the conveyor wheel to separate the backplane, the cell with adhesive film, and the glass cover. The separated backplane is rolled into a roll, and the glass cover and the cell with adhesive film are transported to the downstream by the corresponding conveyor; among them, the cell with adhesive film is sent to the high-temperature furnace, and the adhesive film is converted into gas after heating and discharged, and the remaining cell and welding strip are further transported to the downstream by the corresponding conveyor.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The assembly line of the utility model can continuously realize the layered disassembly of photovoltaic laminates, high-temperature cracking of adhesive films, and complete recycling of battery cells, maximizing the integrity of the backplane, glass cover, and battery cells, as well as the completeness of the separation of battery cells and adhesive films. The assembly line can improve the recycling efficiency and the recovery rate of each component, and has the application value of large-scale recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated assembly line;

[0028] In the figure: 1-photovoltaic laminate; 11-back panel; 12-glass cover panel; 13-cell with adhesive film; 14-cell; 2-laminate separation device; 21-laminate conveying device; 22-separation device operation console; 23-back panel conveying device; 24-glass cover panel conveying device; 3-high temperature furnace; 31-intermediate conveying device; 32-high temperature furnace operation console; 33-cell conveying device; 34-cell collecting device; 4-transfer robot arm; 5-glass cover panel collecting device; 6-back panel collecting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example

[0031] An integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules, such as Figure 1As shown, it is used for disassembly and recycling of photovoltaic laminates 1, and the assembly line includes a laminate separation device 2 and a high-temperature furnace 3 connected;

[0032] The laminate separation device 2 is used to separate the photovoltaic laminate 1 into a back sheet 11, a glass cover sheet 12 and a battery sheet 13 with an adhesive film. The input end of the laminate separation device 2 is connected to a laminate conveying device 21 for transmitting the photovoltaic laminate 1, and the output end of the laminate separation device 2 is connected to a back sheet conveying device 23, a glass cover sheet conveying device 24 and an intermediate conveying device 31 for respectively discharging the back sheet 11, the glass cover sheet 12 and the battery sheet 13 with an adhesive film.

[0033] The high temperature furnace 3 is used to separate the battery cells 13 with adhesive film into battery cells 14 . The input end of the high temperature furnace 3 is connected to an intermediate conveying device 31 for conveying the battery cells 13 with adhesive film, and the output end of the high temperature furnace 3 is connected to a battery cell conveying device 33 for discharging the battery cells 14 .

[0034] More specifically, in this embodiment:

[0035] The main disassembly and processing devices of the production line are: a laminate separation device 2, which is used to separate the back sheet 11, the glass cover plate 12 and the cell 13 with adhesive film in the photovoltaic laminate 1 by layer; and a high-temperature furnace 3, which is used to gasify the adhesive film in the cell 13 with adhesive film to obtain a complete cell 14. The high-temperature furnace 3 is connected to the downstream of the laminate separation device 2.

[0036] The input end of the laminate separation device 2 is connected to a laminate conveying device 21, which is used to transport the photovoltaic laminate 1 from the upstream process (or as the starting end) to the laminate separation device 2 for disassembly. The laminate conveying device 21 is preferably a roller conveyor.

[0037] The laminate separation device 2 adopts: CN117086068A, a scheme disclosed in a combined photovoltaic module disassembly and cell recovery device and its use method, and specifically preferred embodiment 2 thereof is used as the laminate separation device 2, which can completely separate the photovoltaic laminate 1 into three layers: a back plate 11, a glass cover plate 12, and a cell 13 with an adhesive film, and output them from three output ends respectively. The laminate separation device 2 is provided with three output ends, which are respectively used to output the disassembled and separated back plate 11, glass cover plate 12, and cell 13 with an adhesive film to the downstream; specifically, as Figure 1As shown, the output end of the laminate separation device 2 is respectively connected to the back plate conveying device 23, the glass cover plate conveying device 24 and the intermediate conveying device 31, and is used to output the back plate 11, the glass cover plate 12 and the battery sheet with adhesive film 13. The laminate separation device 2 is also electrically connected to a separation device operation console 22, and the separation device operation console 22 can set the heating temperature, motor transmission speed, positioning reference and other parameters of the laminate separation device 2, and cooperate with the temperature sensor, visual sensor and other sensor groups set inside the laminate separation device 2 to monitor the temperature of each layer in the cavity, the oil and gas pressure, the operation status of the machine vision sensor, etc., and output the machine vision image and cutting and separation parameters.

[0038] The backsheet conveying device 23 is a belt conveyor, the end of which is connected to the backsheet collecting device 6, and is used to convey the backsheet 11 (in roll form) separated by the photovoltaic laminate 1 separation device to the backsheet collecting device 6 for collection. In this embodiment, the backsheet collecting device 6 is a backsheet 11 collection box for functional illustration only; in other embodiments, it can be other collection devices, such as a collection device corresponding to the input downstream process, post-processing process and recycling process.

[0039] The glass cover plate conveying device 24 adopts a belt conveyor, and its end is connected to the glass cover plate collecting device 5, which is used to convey the glass cover plate 12 separated by the photovoltaic laminate 1 separation device to the glass cover plate collecting device 5 for collection. In order to avoid collision and damage during the autonomous collection and stacking of the glass cover plate 12, at least one transfer robot 4 is installed on the side of the glass cover plate conveying device 24, which can adopt a three-axis to six-axis robot as needed, and is used to transfer the glass cover plate 12 on the glass cover plate conveying device 24 to the glass cover plate collecting device 5 without damage. In this embodiment, only as a functional illustration, the glass cover plate collecting device 5 is set as a glass cover plate 12 collection box, and a suction cup structure is set at the end of the transfer robot 4; in other embodiments, it can be other collection devices, such as a collection device that can correspond to a collection device for inputting downstream processes, post-processing processes, and reuse processes.

[0040] The intermediate conveying device 31 is a belt conveyor, the end of which is connected to the high-temperature furnace 3, and is used to convey the battery cells 13 with adhesive films separated by the photovoltaic laminate 1 separation device to the high-temperature furnace 3 for further processing.

[0041] The input end of the high temperature furnace 3 is connected to the intermediate conveying device 31, and the battery cell 13 with adhesive film conveyed by the intermediate conveying device 31 is processed, and the adhesive film is vaporized by high temperature heating to obtain a complete battery cell 14 without adhesive film. The temperature of the furnace chamber is controlled at 200-500°C. The output end of the high temperature furnace 3 is connected to the battery cell conveying device 33, which is used to convey the processed battery cell 14 and the remaining welding ribbon to the downstream. The high temperature furnace 3 is also electrically connected to a high temperature furnace operation console 32, which can set parameters such as heating temperature, time, pressure, exhaust fan air volume, etc., and cooperate with the temperature sensor, pressure sensor and other sensor groups set inside the high temperature furnace 3 to monitor the operating parameters such as the temperature and pressure in the cavity.

[0042] The cell conveying device 33 is a belt conveyor, the end of which is connected to the cell collecting device 34, which is used to convey the cells 14 separated by the photovoltaic laminate 1 separation device and gasified by the high-temperature furnace 3 to the cell collecting device 34 for collection. In this embodiment, the cell collecting device 34 is a cell 14 collection box for functional illustration only; in other embodiments, it can be other collection devices, such as collection devices corresponding to input downstream processes, post-processing processes, and recycling processes.

[0043] The roller conveyor has a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain. At the same time, the rigidity of the laminate itself can also be transported by a roller conveyor. Therefore, the laminate conveying device 21 uses a roller conveyor, which can effectively reduce costs. However, the back panel 11, glass cover panel 12 and battery cell 13 with adhesive film obtained after disassembly of the laminate are not rigid enough to be transported by a roller conveyor. Therefore, the subsequent back panel conveying device 23, glass cover panel conveying device 24, intermediate conveying device 31 and battery cell conveying device 33 all use conveyor belts, that is, belt conveyors, for transportation.

[0044] During operation, the photovoltaic laminate 1 is firstly obtained by removing the frame and junction box of the photovoltaic module, and then the photovoltaic laminate 1 is sent to the laminate separation device 2 through the laminate conveying device 21. The laminate separation device 2 separates the back plate 11, the cell 13 with adhesive film, and the glass cover plate 12 according to the parameters preset in the separation device operation console 22. Among them, the separated back plate 11 is in a roll shape and is conveyed to the back plate collection device 6 by the back plate conveying device 23; the glass cover plate 12 is conveyed to the transfer robot 4 by the glass cover plate conveying device 24, and the glass cover plate 12 is sucked by the transfer robot 4 and transferred to the glass cover plate collection device 5; the cell 13 with adhesive film is conveyed to the high temperature furnace 3 by the intermediate conveying device 31, and the furnace cavity temperature is controlled within the range of 200-500°C. The high temperature furnace 3 is heated at high temperature according to the parameters set in the high temperature furnace operation console 32. After heating, the adhesive film is converted into gas and discharged, and the remaining cell 14 and welding strips are conveyed to the cell collection device 34 by the cell conveying device 33.

[0045] The integrated production line can achieve complete separation and extraction of the glass cover plate 12, the back plate 11 and the battery cell 14. The mechanized and automated equipment operation can improve the efficiency of component recycling, ensure the integrity of the back plate 11, the glass cover plate 12 and the battery cell 14, and improve the component recovery rate.

[0046] This solution is designed as an integrated assembly recycling and processing line, which can continuously realize assembly layer disassembly, high temperature cracking of the film, and complete recycling of the battery cell 14, maximizing the integrity of the back plate 11, the glass cover plate 12, and the battery cell 14, as well as the completeness of the separation of the battery cell 14 from the film. The device can improve the recycling efficiency and the recovery rate of assembly components, and has the application value of large-scale assembly recycling.

[0047] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: Used for disassembling and recycling photovoltaic laminates (1), the production line comprises a laminate separation device (2) and a high-temperature furnace (3) connected to each other; The laminate separation device (2) is used to separate the photovoltaic laminate (1) into a back sheet (11), a glass cover sheet (12) and a battery sheet with an adhesive film (13); the input end of the laminate separation device (2) is connected to a laminate conveying device (21) for conveying the photovoltaic laminate (1); the output end of the laminate separation device (2) is connected to a back sheet conveying device (23), a glass cover sheet conveying device (24) and an intermediate conveying device (31) for respectively discharging the back sheet (11), the glass cover sheet (12) and the battery sheet with an adhesive film (13); The high-temperature furnace (3) is used to separate the battery cells (13) with adhesive films into battery cells (14); the input end of the high-temperature furnace (3) is connected to an intermediate conveying device (31) for conveying the battery cells (13) with adhesive films; and the output end of the high-temperature furnace (3) is connected to a battery cell conveying device (33) for discharging the battery cells (14).

2. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminate separation device (2) is also electrically connected to a separation device operating console (22).

3. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laminate separation device (2) is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a visual sensor, and the separation device operation console (22) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the visual sensor.

4. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature furnace (3) is also electrically connected to a high temperature furnace operation console (32).

5. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high temperature furnace (3) is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor inside, and the high temperature furnace operation console (32) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

6. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminate conveying device (21) is a roller conveyor.

7. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back plate conveying device (23), the glass cover plate conveying device (24), the intermediate conveying device (31) and the battery cell conveying device (33) are belt conveyors.

8. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The production line further comprises a cell sheet collecting device (34), a glass cover plate collecting device (5) and a back plate collecting device (6); The battery cell collecting device (34) is arranged downstream of the battery cell conveying device (33) and is used to collect the separated battery cells (14); The glass cover plate collecting device (5) is arranged downstream of the glass cover plate conveying device (24) and is used to collect the separated glass cover plates (12); The backplane collecting device (6) is arranged downstream of the backplane conveying device (23) and is used for collecting the separated backplanes (11).

9. The integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 8, characterized in that: The assembly line further comprises a transfer robot arm (4), which is arranged beside the glass cover plate conveying device (24) and is used to transfer the glass cover plate (12) conveyed on the glass cover plate conveying device (24) to the glass cover plate collecting device (5).

10. An integrated production line for disassembling and recycling laminated parts in photovoltaic modules according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the transfer robot arm (4) is arranged as a suction cup structure.

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