Tunneling system capable of simultaneously tunneling and anchoring

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunneling system capable of tunneling while anchoring, which comprises a tunneling machine for tunneling a roadway, and further comprises a self-moving type row support which is arranged above the tunneling machine and is used for providing temporary support for an empty roof area above the tunneling machine when the tunneling machine is used for tunneling the roadway; the telescopic belt conveyor is arranged behind the heading machine and is used for adjusting the length of the telescopic belt conveyor according to the position change of a working surface of the heading machine; the bridge type reversed loader is respectively connected with the heading machine and the telescopic belt conveyor and is used for transferring and transporting coal rocks excavated by the heading machine; the pair of anchor rod trolleys are arranged on the two sides of the bridge type reversed loader and are used for carrying out anchor rod support on a roadway when the heading machine carries out heading; the dust control device is respectively connected with the telescopic belt conveyor and the bridge type reversed loader, and an air suction opening of the dust control device extends to the position of a rotary table of the cantilever type heading machine. According to the tunneling system, tunneling, supporting, protecting and transporting are integrated, parallel operation of coal mine roadway tunneling and anchor rod supporting is achieved, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine mechanical equipment, in particular to a tunneling system capable of digging and anchoring at the same time. Background Art

[0002] my country is rich in coal resources, and tunnel boring machines such as cantilevered tunnel boring machines are mostly used for tunnel excavation. Traditional tunneling modes mostly use a combination of tunnel boring machines and manual support. That is, when the tunnel boring machine is excavating the tunnel, the tunnel boring machine stops every time it excavates a certain distance, and the tunnel support bracket is used manually to support the roof exposed after coal mining, and the top and side of the excavated tunnel (tunnel) are anchored and supported by anchor drilling rigs. Then the tunnel boring machine is started again to continue excavation, and then stops again after excavation. After stopping, support and anchoring are carried out, and the tunnel excavation is repeated in this way. However, due to the complex tunnel excavation process, especially the cumbersome anchor support process, high technical difficulty, and long time consumption, the average monthly excavation footage when using the above traditional method for mining is less than 200m, and the slow tunnel excavation speed can no longer meet the needs of coal mine excavation development.

[0003] Therefore, the field of mine excavation is in urgent need of an excavation system that can improve excavation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the above problems and provide a tunneling system that can dig and anchor at the same time, which integrates digging, supporting, protecting and transporting, realizes parallel operation of coal mine tunnel digging and anchor supporting, and improves tunneling efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a tunneling system that digs and anchors at the same time, including a tunneling machine for tunneling a tunnel, and further including: a self-moving row bracket arranged above the tunneling machine for providing temporary support to the empty top area above it when the tunneling machine is tunneling the tunnel; a telescopic belt conveyor arranged behind the tunneling machine for adjusting its own length according to the position change of the working face of the tunneling machine; a bridge-type transfer machine connected to the tunneling machine and the telescopic belt conveyor respectively for transferring and transporting coal and rock excavated by the tunneling machine; a pair of anchor trolleys arranged on both sides of the bridge-type transfer machine for anchoring the tunnel when the tunneling machine is tunneling; a dust control device connected to the telescopic belt conveyor and the bridge-type transfer machine respectively and with the air suction port extending to the cantilever tunneling machine.

[0006] Preferably, the self-moving row brackets include two groups of brackets and push cylinders respectively connecting the two groups of brackets and driving the self-moving row brackets to move during extension and retraction.

[0007] Preferably, an anchor net device is provided on the self-moving coupling bracket.

[0008] Preferably, the dust control device includes a ventilator riding on a telescopic belt conveyor, a negative pressure wind tube and a wind tube support frame mounted on a bridge-type transfer machine, and the negative pressure wind tube is connected to the air suction port.

[0009] Preferably, the anchor trolley is an independently movable anchor trolley.

[0010] Preferably, the tunnel boring machine is a cantilever tunnel boring machine having a crawler walking mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the tunnel boring machine is a cantilever tunnel boring machine having an outward-extending loading mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the fan is an explosion-proof exhaust-type counter-rotating axial flow local fan for mining.

[0013] Preferably, the front part of the bridge-type loader is connected to the tunnel boring machine, and the rear part is slidably connected to the telescopic belt conveyor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the excavation and anchoring system of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model discloses a tunneling system which digs and anchors at the same time, comprises a tunneling machine, a self-moving coupling support, an anchor trolley, a telescopic belt conveyor and a bridge-type transfer machine, forming a fully mechanized operation system which integrates digging, supporting, anchoring and transporting, and realizes parallel operation of tunneling and anchoring support in coal mines (i.e., digging and anchoring at the same time), ensures a small top-to-hole distance, ensures immediate cutting and protection, meets safety requirements, greatly improves coal mining efficiency, and can realize safe, green, intelligent, efficient, and even unmanned mining operations.

[0016] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the digging and anchoring system of the utility model being placed in a tunnel;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the tunneling system shown;

[0019] Figure 3 It is the front view of the self-moving coupling bracket;

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of the self-moving coupling bracket;

[0021] Figure 5 It is the left view of the self-moving row bracket;

[0022] Figure 6 This is the main view of the self-moving coupling support and the roadheader when used together;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a top view of the self-moving coupling support and the tunneling machine when used together;

[0024] Figure 8 This is the left view of the self-moving coupling support and the roadheader when used together;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is the posture diagram of the anchor trolley when driving the two middle top anchors;

[0026] Fig.10 It is the posture state diagram of the anchor trolley when driving the top anchor;

[0027] Fig.11 This is the posture diagram of the anchor trolley when driving corner anchors;

[0028] Fig.12 This is the posture diagram of the anchor trolley when driving the anchor bolt;

[0029] Fig.13 It is the layout diagram of the bridge loader and dust control device in the lane;

[0030] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rear part of the bridge-type loader and the telescopic belt conveyor;

[0031] Fig.15 It is a structural diagram of the placement of the dust control duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, they are different views of a tunneling system for digging and anchoring according to the utility model installed in a tunnel. As can be seen from the figures, the tunneling system for digging and anchoring according to the utility model comprises a tunneling machine 1 for digging a tunnel, and further comprises: a self-moving coupling bracket 2 arranged above the tunneling machine for providing temporary support to the empty top area above it when the tunneling machine is digging the tunnel; a telescopic belt conveyor 5 arranged behind the tunneling machine for adjusting its own length according to the position change of the working face of the tunneling machine; a bridge-type transfer machine 4 connected to the tunneling machine and the telescopic belt conveyor respectively for transferring and transporting coal and rock excavated by the tunneling machine; a pair of anchor trolleys 3 arranged on both sides of the bridge-type transfer machine for anchoring the tunnel when the tunneling machine is digging; a dust control device 6 connected to the telescopic belt conveyor and the bridge-type transfer machine respectively and with the air intake extending to the cantilever tunneling machine.

[0033] Specifically, the cantilevered roadheader 1 includes a cutting part, a loading part, a main body, a traveling part, a hydraulic system, a water system, and an electric control system, etc., which can independently mobilize the roadheader to perform operations such as cutting, bottom clearing, and loading: the traveling part adopts a crawler traveling mechanism, the cutting part performs excavation and cutting operations, and the loading part performs material loading and transportation. The loading part has an outward-expanding loading mechanism, which can realize outward extension and retraction to increase the material collection area and reduce the number of times the whole machine is mobilized. After unfolding, the full-section material collection can be completed without moving the machine back and forth, and after retracting, it can easily pass through the inside of the self-moving row bracket. The roadheader is placed under the self-moving row bracket 2 and is mobilized for work by a crawler traveling mechanism. The roadheader of the utility model can adopt the structure of the cantilevered roadheader of the prior art, and its structure will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In order to achieve the purpose of tunneling and anchoring at the same time to improve the tunneling efficiency, the utility model sets a self-moving joint bracket above the tunneling machine, that is, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the tunnel boring machine is placed inside the space surrounded by the self-moving row supports and is located at the bottom. With this relative position arrangement, the tunnel boring machine does not need to be stopped during the tunnel boring process. The self-moving row supports can move forward to provide support as the tunnel boring machine digs, and the anchoring machine can anchor as it goes, thus achieving anchoring while digging.

[0035] Among them, the utility model self-moving coupling bracket can be used as follows Figure 3-Figure 5 The structure shown includes two groups of brackets A and B (i.e., group A bracket 21 and group B bracket 22) and a push cylinder 23 respectively connecting the two groups of brackets for driving the self-moving row brackets to move during extension and retraction. Each group of brackets includes a plurality of columns, a plurality of supporting beams, and a plurality of longitudinal beams, and the number of longitudinal beams and supporting beams can be determined according to actual conditions. A plurality of columns are vertically located on both sides of the tunnel boring machine, and the spacing between the columns on both sides is greater than the width of the tunnel boring machine and is adapted to the width of the tunnel. The top ends of the opposite columns on both sides are fixedly connected to the two ends of a supporting beam, and the top of the supporting beam is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam perpendicular to it, and an anchor net device for supporting the top plate is arranged in the front, so that the anchor net device is supported by the row brackets.

[0036] During the design, the column adopts an inner and outer sleeve type telescopic column, which is driven to extend and retract by a hydraulic cylinder. When the column is in the initial state without extension, the column height should be higher than the height of the highest position of the tunnel boring machine body, and when the column is in the extended state, the column height can be adapted to the tunnel height, so that the anchor net device can be supported by the support beam and longitudinal beam at the top of the column to support the top plate exposed after the tunnel boring machine excavates. Among them, the connection structure of the column, support beam, longitudinal beam, and push cylinder can adopt the existing technical structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0037] In addition, a sensor (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the telescopic column. The sensor can adopt the pressure sensor capable of detecting pressure using the existing technology, through which the supporting force of the row bracket supporting the top is detected, and the detected supporting force information is transmitted to the control device of the tunneling system. The control device controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder in the column according to the received supporting force information, so that the row bracket and the anchor net device supported by it have appropriate supporting force on the top plate.

[0038] The two groups of brackets A and B of the utility model self-moving row bracket are connected together by supporting beams and push cylinders to form a self-moving support device. The two groups of brackets serve as fulcrums for each other and support each other to realize the forward and backward movement of the row bracket. The row bracket spans the tunnel boring machine, and can provide temporary support for the empty top area above the tunnel boring machine. The two cross-adjacent groups of brackets support the same top plate. When one group moves forward, the other group supports it, providing uninterrupted support force for the top plate, realizing continuous alternating support with the advancement of the tunnel boring machine, so as to realize normal tunneling in front, and no large area of ​​the top plate is exposed during the tunneling, so as to effectively control the sinking of the top plate. The row bracket can move by itself, and the operation is simple. All the actions of the bracket are realized by the hydraulic device controlling the hydraulic cylinder. The operation is simple and convenient, and it is easy to realize intelligence. It can realize timely support function and safety is guaranteed. No matter how big the work site is, you can choose to use two groups of brackets A and B with different numbers of columns, support beams and longitudinal beams according to actual needs and assemble the two groups of brackets into a whole. The support strength is high and the supporting area is large. The row of brackets has integrity and stable structure. It can move by itself without relying on the supporting force of the bracket on the top plate. The supporting force of the bracket is controlled by sensors to avoid damage to the top plate caused by repeated support, and the stability of the bracket will not be affected by unloading or damage of individual pillars.

[0039] Among them, the utility model is equipped with a bridge-type transfer machine and a telescopic belt conveyor behind the tunneling machine, and the front of the bridge-type transfer machine is connected to the tunneling machine (using the existing technical connection method) to move forward or backward synchronously with the tunneling machine, such as Fig.14 As shown, the trolley at the rear of the bridge transfer machine straddles the tail track of the telescopic belt conveyor to achieve intermediate transfer and output the coal and rock excavated by the tunneling machine backward. Among them, the body of the telescopic belt conveyor is provided with a storage belt device, which can adjust its own length according to the change of the working surface position. The lap length of the bridge transfer machine and the telescopic belt conveyor can be changed to ensure the continuity of transfer and transportation, reduce the number of times the telescopic belt conveyor stretches the belt, shorten the auxiliary working hours, and achieve the purpose of speeding up the tunneling speed. The structures of the bridge transfer machine and the telescopic belt conveyor are both existing technical structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The utility model provides an anchor trolley on each side of the front of the bridge transfer machine (behind the self-moving row bracket), and uses the anchor trolley to carry out anchor bolting 7 support. The anchor trolley adopts the existing narrow-body anchor drilling robot and can move independently. While the tunnel boring machine is digging in the front, the anchor trolley carries out full-section anchor bolting support behind the tunnel boring machine and the self-moving row bracket, realizing parallel operation of digging and anchor bolting support. Among them, the different states of the anchor trolley when driving anchor bolts on the top plate and the side of the tunnel can be seen in Figure 9-11 The anchor trolley can also adopt the existing technical structure.

[0041] The utility model also includes a dust control system, such as Figure 1 , Fig. 9 , Fig.13 , Fig.15 As shown, it includes a duct support frame 61, a dust removal duct 62 supported by the duct support frame (the dust removal duct is a negative pressure duct), a mining explosion-proof extraction type counter-rotating axial flow local ventilator 64, a dust control duct 63, a self-cleaning dust removal box, etc., wherein the ventilator and the self-cleaning dust removal box are installed on an integrated carrying trolley, the carrying trolley straddles the tail track of the telescopic belt conveyor, and is connected to the wheel set at the rear end of the bridge-type transfer machine by a pull rod 65, forming a "machine-towing" layout, so that the dust removal host moves forward or backward synchronously with the tunneling machine. The duct support frame is erected on the bridge-type transfer machine, the negative pressure duct is supported by the duct support pressure, and the air intake of the duct extends to the air outlet of the cantilever tunneling machine. The dust control duct is hung at the upper right corner of the tunnel by a hook.

[0042] During design, the dust removal duct can be a round duct or a square duct, and the corresponding duct support frame supporting surface also has a corresponding round or square cross section. In addition, the vertical frame of the duct support frame adopts a retractable frame to adjust the height of the duct support frame, thereby adjusting the height h between the dust removal duct and the bridge transfer machine.

[0043] Below, the working process of the tunneling system of the utility model is briefly described:

[0044] The cantilevered roadheader cuts forward one step and then clears the bottom. The support of the group B of the row support moves forward one step. The hydraulic support of group B flips the anchor net of the anchor net device to the top plate. The support of group A moves forward one step. The roadheader cuts one step again and then clears the bottom. The row hydraulic support groups A and B move forward again, and the cycle repeats. At this time, the two groups of row supports A and B provide temporary support to provide support for the tunnel. At the same time, the anchor trolley performs anchoring operations behind the row support to complete the top anchor and the upper side anchor. The bridge transfer machine slides on the telescopic belt conveyor and moves forward with the roadheader to ensure continuous transportation. The dust control system adopts the "long pressure and short extraction" ventilation method, with the air outlet 30 to 50 meters away from the working face and the air intake 3 to 5 meters away from the working face. The negative pressure wind tube and wind tube support frame of the dust control system are installed on the bridge transfer machine to ensure the coal passing space. The main unit of the counter-rotating blower and the self-cleaning dust removal box are installed on an integrated carrying trolley, which straddles the tail track of the telescopic belt conveyor and is connected to the rear wheel set of the secondary transport (i.e. the bridge-type transfer machine) by a pull rod, forming a "machine-towing" layout. The main unit of the dust removal and the bridge-type transfer machine move forward or backward synchronously with the tunneling machine. In this way, the tunneling machine, anchoring and transportation can theoretically operate in parallel without affecting each other, realizing the full mechanization of digging, supporting, anchoring and transportation, thereby improving the tunneling speed and production efficiency.

[0045] Although the utility model is described in detail above, the utility model is not limited thereto, and technicians in this technical field can make modifications based on the principles of the utility model. Therefore, all kinds of modifications made according to the principles of the utility model should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunneling system with anchoring while digging, comprising a tunneling machine for digging a tunnel, characterized in that: Also includes: A self-moving ganged support placed above the tunnel boring machine for providing temporary support to the empty top area above the tunnel boring machine when the tunnel boring machine is excavating the tunnel; A telescopic belt conveyor placed behind the tunnel boring machine that adjusts its length according to the position change of the tunnel boring machine working face; A bridge-type transfer machine connected to the tunneling machine and the telescopic belt conveyor for transferring and transporting the coal and rock excavated by the tunneling machine; A pair of anchor trolleys placed on both sides of the bridge loader for anchoring the tunnel when the tunnel boring machine is excavating; A dust control device which is respectively connected to a telescopic belt conveyor and a bridge-type transfer machine and whose air suction port extends to the turntable of a cantilevered roadheader.

2. The tunneling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-moving coupling bracket comprises two groups of brackets and a push cylinder which is respectively connected to the two groups of brackets and drives the self-moving coupling bracket to move during extension and retraction.

3. The tunneling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An anchor net device is arranged on the self-moving coupling bracket.

4. The tunneling system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The dust control device comprises a ventilator straddling the telescopic belt conveyor, a negative pressure wind tube and a wind tube support frame erected on the bridge-type transfer machine, and the negative pressure wind tube is connected with the air suction port.

5. The tunneling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor trolley is an independently movable anchor trolley.

6. The tunneling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is a cantilever tunnel boring machine having a crawler walking mechanism.

7. The tunneling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel boring machine is a cantilever tunnel boring machine with an outward-extending loading mechanism.

8. The tunneling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilator is an explosion-proof extraction type counter-rotating axial flow local ventilator for mining.

9. The tunneling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front part of the bridge type loader is connected with the tunneling machine, and the rear part is slidably connected with the telescopic belt conveyor.

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