Novel sealing structure and centrifugal compressor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of centrifugal compressors, and particularly provides a novel sealing structure and a centrifugal compressor, the novel sealing structure comprises a sealing shell and a sealing function layer, the sealing shell is arranged on the peripheral side of a rotor part, and the sealing shell and a stator part are relatively fixed; the sealing functional layer and the sealing shell are relatively fixed, the sealing functional layer is arranged between the sealing shell and the rotor part, and the sealing functional layer is used for being scraped and abraded with the rotor part. According to the sealing structure, the sealing function layer is arranged to be scraped and abraded with the rotating rotor part, the fit clearance between the sealing structure and the rotor part can be reduced, namely, the sealing clearance is reduced, the sealing effect is improved, and therefore the air leakage of the compressor can be reduced, and it is ensured that the compressor can operate safely and stably; meanwhile, the sealing function layer is made of abradable sealing materials and is not prone to damage, and sealing failure can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of centrifugal compressors, and in particular relates to a novel sealing structure and a centrifugal compressor. Background Art

[0002] Leakage at the seal of a centrifugal compressor can be divided into external leakage and internal leakage. External leakage refers to the leakage of gas from the seal of the compressor to places outside the casing, including leakage at the shaft end seal, the center dividing surface of the casing, and the inlet and outlet flanges. External leakage will directly cause a reduction in the exhaust volume of the compressor. If the leaked gas is toxic and harmful, it will cause serious harm to personnel and the environment. Internal leakage refers to leakage at the wheel cover seal, interstage seal and balance plate seal: leakage of the wheel cover seal causes the compressed gas to return to the impeller and then undergo secondary compression, thereby increasing the total power consumption of a single stage; leakage of the interstage seal is interstage blowby, which will increase the pressure ratio of the low-pressure stage and reduce the pressure ratio of the high-pressure stage; although leakage of the balance plate seal has little effect on the performance of the compressor, it is extremely related to the safe operation of the centrifugal compressor.

[0003] At present, the sealing form of centrifugal compressors is mostly comb-tooth seals, which are non-contact seals with poor sealing effect. At the same time, during the long-term operation of the compressor, the comb teeth are easily damaged, resulting in seal failure, which seriously affects the normal operation of the compressor. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a new sealing structure and a centrifugal compressor, wherein the new sealing structure can reduce the fitting clearance and improve the sealing effect by setting a sealing functional layer and scraping the rotor parts. At the same time, the new sealing structure is not easy to be damaged, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the compressor.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides, on the one hand, a new sealing structure, including a sealing shell and a sealing functional layer, wherein the sealing shell is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor part, the sealing shell is relatively fixed to the stator part, the sealing functional layer is relatively fixed to the sealing shell, the sealing functional layer is arranged between the sealing shell and the rotor part, and the sealing functional layer is used for scraping with the rotor part.

[0006] Optionally, the novel sealing structure is composed of an upper sealing structure connected to a lower sealing structure.

[0007] Optionally, a tenon groove is provided on the inner wall of the sealing shell, and a tenon is provided on the outer wall of the sealing functional layer. The tenon can be embedded in the tenon groove, and the tenon groove is used to bite the tenon.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom of the mortise groove is provided with an undercut tooth, and the undercut tooth can be embedded in the tenon.

[0009] Optionally, the sealing shell is provided with an insertion hole at a position relative to the tenon in the axial direction of the rotor component, and the insertion hole passes through the sealing shell along the axial direction of the rotor component. The insertion hole is used to pass a fixing pin, and the fixing pin can be inserted into the tenon through the insertion hole to fix the sealing functional layer.

[0010] Optionally, a pressure relief hole is further provided on the sealing shell, and the pressure relief hole penetrates the sealing shell along the radial direction of the rotor component.

[0011] Optionally, at least six pressure relief holes are provided, and at least six pressure relief holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor component.

[0012] Optionally, the sealing function layer is made of abradable sealing material.

[0013] Optionally, the sealing shell is made of 12Cr13 steel.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides a centrifugal compressor, comprising any one of the novel sealing structures described above.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] The embodiments of the utility model provide a novel sealing structure and a centrifugal compressor, wherein the novel sealing structure can reduce the fitting clearance between the sealing structure and the rotor part by setting a sealing functional layer to produce scraping with the rotating rotor part, that is, reducing the sealing clearance, thereby improving the sealing effect, thereby reducing the air leakage of the compressor and ensuring that the compressor can operate safely and stably; at the same time, the sealing functional layer is made of a wearable sealing material, which is not easy to be damaged and can avoid sealing failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a novel sealing structure according to an optional embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 A side view of a novel sealing structure according to an optional embodiment of the present application.

[0021] The reference numerals are:

[0022] 1. Sealing shell; 2. Sealing functional layer; 3. Mortise and tenon; 4. Tenon; 5. Undercut tooth; 6. Insertion hole; 7. Pressure relief hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a new sealing structure is provided, including a sealing shell 1 and a sealing functional layer 2, wherein the sealing shell 1 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of a rotor component, the sealing shell 1 is relatively fixed to a stator component, the sealing functional layer 2 is relatively fixed to the sealing shell 1, the sealing functional layer 2 is arranged between the sealing shell 1 and the rotor component, and the sealing functional layer 2 is used for scraping against the rotor component.

[0028] The novel sealing structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the fitting clearance between the sealing structure and the rotor part, that is, reduce the sealing clearance, improve the sealing effect, thereby reducing the air leakage of the compressor and ensuring that the compressor can operate safely and stably, by setting the sealing functional layer 2 to produce scraping with the rotating rotor part.

[0029] The stator component may be an end cover or a balancing disk of a compressor, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, taking the stator component as a balancing disk as an example, an axial hole is provided on the balancing disk, and the axial hole is used to pass through the rotor component, and the rotor component is the rotating shaft of the compressor, that is, the axial hole is used to pass through the rotating shaft.

[0030] Specifically, the sealing housing 1 is arranged in the shaft hole and fixed relative to the balancing disc. It is understandable that the sealing housing 1 can be fastened to the balancing disc by bolts.

[0031] The sealing housing 1 is roughly annular, and a sealing function layer 2 is relatively fixedly arranged in the inner hole of the sealing housing 1. It is understandable that the sealing function layer 2 and the sealing housing 1 can be fixed by bolt connection or mortise and tenon structure matching connection.

[0032] Specifically, the sealing function layer 2 is also roughly annular, and the inner hole of the sealing function layer 2 is used to pass through the rotor. It should be noted that the inner hole wall of the sealing function layer 2 is smooth, and the inner wall of the sealing function layer 2 is used to contact the rotor. After the rotor is running, it will be scraped with the sealing function layer 2 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby forming an extremely low matching gap, that is, forming an extremely low sealing gap, which improves the sealing effect, thereby reducing the air leakage of the compressor and ensuring that the compressor can operate safely and stably.

[0033] In one embodiment, the sealing shell 1 is integrally formed, and the sealing functional layer 2 is integrally formed; in another embodiment, the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 are both split. Figure 4 As shown, the sealing shell 1 and the sealing function layer 2 are both split, which can facilitate the installation of the sealing function layer 2 on the sealing shell 1, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 are horizontally divided into upper and lower halves, the upper half of the sealing shell 1 and the upper half of the sealing functional layer 2 are relatively fixed to form an upper half sealing structure, and the lower half of the sealing shell 1 and the lower half of the sealing functional layer 2 are relatively fixed to form a lower half sealing structure. Figure 4 As shown, the upper sealing structure and the lower sealing structure are connected by built-in pins to form a new type of sealing structure as a whole.

[0035] In some possible embodiments provided in the present application, the sealing function layer 2 is made of abradable sealing material.

[0036] By setting the sealing function layer 2 to be made of abradable sealing material, it is possible to avoid the sealing function layer 2 and the rotor component from being scraped and damaged and failing, thereby ensuring that the compressor can operate safely and stably.

[0037] Among them, the abradable sealing material can be an abradable sealing coating material and a mechanical carbon material, etc.

[0038] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the abradable sealing material is an abradable material containing graphite.

[0039] In some possible embodiments provided in the present application, the sealing shell 1 is made of 12Cr13 steel.

[0040] By setting the sealing shell 1 to be made of 12Cr13 steel, deformation of the sealing shell 1 when subjected to high pressure and high temperature can be avoided, thereby ensuring a good sealing effect of the sealing structure and allowing the compressor to operate safely and stably.

[0041] Among them, 12Cr13 steel has higher strength and hardness, and can be effectively and firmly assembled on the stator parts.

[0042] In some possible implementations provided in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 are connected by a mortise and tenon structure. By setting the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 to be connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the installation rate of the sealing functional layer 2 can be improved; at the same time, the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 are firmly fixed by the mortise and tenon structure, avoiding the occurrence of a gap between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0043] Specifically, a mortise groove 3 is provided on the inner wall of the sealing shell 1 , and a tenon 4 is provided on the outer wall of the sealing functional layer 2 . The tenon 4 can be embedded in the mortise groove 3 , and the mortise groove 3 is used to bite the tenon 4 .

[0044] Among them, the mortise 3 and the tenon 4 have the same shape and size. In the embodiment of the present application, the cross-section of the mortise 3 and the tenon 4 perpendicular to the central axis of the rotor component and coplanar with the central axis of the rotor component is a trapezoid, and the lower bottom of the trapezoid is coplanar with the bottom of the mortise 3.

[0045] In some possible implementations provided in this application, see Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the mortise groove 3 is provided with an undercut tooth 5 , and the undercut tooth 5 can be embedded in the tenon 4 .

[0046] By providing a reverse hook tooth 5 at the bottom of the mortise groove 3, and allowing the reverse hook tooth 5 to be embedded in the tenon 4 when the tenon 4 is embedded in the bottom of the groove, that is, the reverse hook tooth 5 can be embedded in the sealing functional layer 2, the contact area between the sealing functional layer 2 and the sealing shell 1 can be increased, the connection strength between the sealing functional layer 2 and the sealing shell 1 can be improved, and a gap between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 can be avoided, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0047] The undercut teeth 5 are roughly J-shaped.

[0048] Specifically, the inverted hook teeth 5 are arranged at the bottom of the tenon groove 3, and the head of the inverted hook teeth 5 is pointed and can be embedded in the tenon 4, further increasing the connection area between the sealing functional layer 2 and the sealing housing 1. It should be noted that the head of the inverted hook teeth 5 is inclined relative to the tail of the inverted hook teeth 5 toward the moving direction of the tenon 4 when being embedded in the tenon groove 3, which can prevent the inverted hook teeth 5 from blocking the tenon 4 from being embedded in the tenon groove 3.

[0049] In some possible implementations provided in this application, see Figure 1 As shown, the sealing housing 1 is provided with an insertion hole 6 at a position relative to the tenon groove 3 in the axial direction of the rotor component. The insertion hole 6 penetrates the sealing housing 1 along the axial direction of the rotor component. The insertion hole 6 is used to pass a fixing pin. The fixing pin can be inserted into the tenon 4 through the insertion hole 6 to fix the sealing functional layer 2.

[0050] By opening an insertion hole 6 on the sealing shell 1 so that the fixing pin can pass through the sealing shell 1 and be inserted into the tenon 4 through the insertion hole 6, the sealing functional layer 2 and the sealing shell 1 can be further fixed, thereby improving the connection strength between the sealing functional layer 2 and the sealing shell 1.

[0051] The insertion hole 6 may be a cylindrical through hole or a rectangular through hole, etc., which can pass the fixing pin, and this application does not make any further limitations.

[0052] The fixing pin may be a pin.

[0053] Specifically, a plurality of insertion holes 6 may be provided, and the plurality of insertion holes 6 are evenly arranged on the sealing housing 1 along the circumferential direction of the rotor component and penetrate the sealing housing 1 along the axial direction of the rotor component. It should be noted that the opening position of the insertion hole 6 on the sealing housing 1 is arranged opposite to the tenon groove 3 in the axial direction of the rotor component, so that the fixing pin passing through the insertion hole 6 can be inserted into the tenon 4, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the sealing functional layer 2.

[0054] In some possible implementations provided in this application, see Figure 2 As shown, a pressure relief hole 7 is also provided on the sealed housing 1 , and the pressure relief hole 7 penetrates the sealed housing 1 along the radial direction of the rotor component.

[0055] By opening a pressure relief hole 7 on the sealing shell 1 and allowing the pressure relief hole 7 to penetrate the sealing shell 1 in the radial direction of the rotor part, when a gap exists between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2, the high-pressure side gas entering the gap can be discharged, thereby preventing the sealing functional layer 2 from being deformed due to long-term pressure.

[0056] The pressure relief hole 7 may be a cylindrical through hole or a rectangular through hole, etc., and this application does not make any further limitation.

[0057] Specifically, the pressure relief hole 7 is opened on the sealing shell 1 and is arranged opposite to the tenon 4 in the radial direction of the rotor part. The pressure relief hole 7 is used to discharge the gas entering the gap between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 to the high-pressure side.

[0058] In some possible embodiments provided in the present application, at least six pressure relief holes 7 are provided, and at least six pressure relief holes 7 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor component.

[0059] By providing at least six pressure relief holes 7 and evenly arranging the at least six pressure relief holes 7 on the sealing shell 1 along the circumferential direction of the rotor part, it is possible to fully discharge the high-pressure side gas entering the gap between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2, and effectively avoid deformation of the sealing functional layer 2 caused by long-term pressure.

[0060] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, six pressure relief holes 7 are provided to ensure that the high-pressure side gas entering the gap between the sealing shell 1 and the sealing functional layer 2 can be fully discharged while reducing the production cost of the sealing shell 1.

[0061] Another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a centrifugal compressor, comprising any one of the novel sealing structures described above.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application provide a new sealing structure and a centrifugal compressor, wherein the new sealing structure can reduce the fitting clearance between the sealing structure and the rotor part by setting a sealing functional layer 2 to produce scraping with the rotating rotor part, that is, reduce the sealing clearance, improve the sealing effect, thereby reducing the air leakage of the compressor and ensuring that the compressor can operate safely and stably; at the same time, the sealing functional layer 2 is made of a wearable sealing material, which is not easy to be damaged and can avoid sealing failure.

[0063] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0064] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A new sealing structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sealing shell (1) and a sealing functional layer (2), wherein the sealing shell (1) is arranged on the outer peripheral side of a rotor component, the sealing shell (1) is relatively fixed to a stator component, the sealing functional layer (2) is relatively fixed to the sealing shell (1), the sealing functional layer (2) is arranged between the sealing shell (1) and the rotor component, and the sealing functional layer (2) is used for scraping against the rotor component.

2. The novel sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The novel sealing structure is composed of an upper sealing structure connected with a lower sealing mechanism.

3. The novel sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A tenon groove (3) is provided on the inner wall of the sealing shell (1), and a tenon (4) is provided on the outer wall of the sealing functional layer (2). The tenon (4) can be embedded in the tenon groove (3), and the tenon groove (3) is used to bite the tenon (4).

4. The new sealing structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The groove bottom of the tenon groove (3) is provided with an undercut tooth (5), and the undercut tooth (5) can be embedded in the tenon (4).

5. The novel sealing structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sealing housing (1) is provided with an insertion hole (6) at a position opposite to the tenon groove (3) in the axial direction of the rotor component. The insertion hole (6) penetrates the sealing housing (1) in the axial direction of the rotor component. The insertion hole (6) is used to pass a fixing pin. The fixing pin can be inserted into the tenon (4) through the insertion hole (6) to fix the sealing functional layer (2).

6. The novel sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealed housing (1) is also provided with a pressure relief hole (7), and the pressure relief hole (7) penetrates the sealed housing (1) along the radial direction of the rotor component.

7. The novel sealing structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: At least six pressure relief holes (7) are provided, and at least six pressure relief holes (7) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor component.

8. The novel sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing function layer (2) is made of abrasive sealing material.

9. The novel sealing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing shell (1) is made of 12Cr13 steel.

10. A centrifugal compressor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a novel sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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