New energy automobile energy composite braking device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a new energy automobile energy compound braking device which comprises a sun gear and a gear ring which are concentrically arranged inside and outside, a brake of an automobile is used for being connected with the gear ring to control the gear ring to rotate, planet gears are evenly distributed between the sun gear and the gear ring and meshed between the sun gear and the gear ring, and a planet carrier is connected between the planet gears. The planet carrier is provided with a center shaft coinciding with the axis of the sun gear, the center shaft of the planet carrier is connected with the transmission system, a first clutch is arranged between the center shaft of the planet carrier and the transmission system, an energy storage flywheel is connected to the center shaft of the sun gear, and a second clutch is arranged between the energy storage flywheel and the center shaft of the sun gear. A central shaft of the sun gear is connected with a first coupling gear synchronously rotating with the sun gear, the first coupling gear is meshed with a second coupling gear, a transmission shaft of the second coupling gear is connected with an automobile motor / generator, and a third clutch is arranged between the transmission shaft of the second coupling gear and the transmission shaft of the automobile motor / generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an energy composite braking device for a new energy vehicle, belonging to the technical field of energy recovery for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction is the theme of the era for the development of the automobile industry. With the prominence of energy shortages, rising oil prices and other issues, the increasing public awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction and the continuous advancement of electronic technology, new energy vehicles have been effectively developed. At the current stage of new energy vehicle development, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are the best choice for the transition to the ultimate clean and efficient energy vehicle. Automobile regenerative braking technology is of great significance to improving vehicle energy utilization, but in existing new energy vehicles, after the clutch is disconnected, the braking energy cannot be recovered.

[0003] During the frequent braking process of current hybrid electric vehicles, the batteries are repeatedly charged and discharged, which not only reduces the range of the pure electric mode, but also greatly reduces its service life; when accelerating or climbing, if the battery is a single energy drive unit, its discharge mode will be in a high current state, affecting its working performance; due to the shortcomings of the current battery charging characteristics, the vehicle cannot recover energy quickly and efficiently during emergency braking, resulting in a low braking energy recovery rate. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an energy compound braking device for a new energy vehicle, so as to solve the technical problem that the new energy vehicle in the prior art cannot recover the braking energy.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an energy composite braking device for a new energy vehicle, comprising a sun wheel and a ring gear which are concentrically arranged inside and outside, the brake of the vehicle is used to connect with the ring gear to control the rotation of the ring gear, planetary wheels are evenly distributed between the sun wheel and the ring gear, the planetary wheels are meshed between the sun wheel and the ring gear, a planet carrier is connected between the planetary wheels, the planet carrier has a central axis which coincides with the axis of the sun wheel, the central axis of the planet carrier is connected to a transmission system, a first clutch is arranged between the central axis of the planet carrier and the transmission system, an energy storage flywheel is connected to the central axis of the sun wheel, a second clutch is arranged between the energy storage flywheel and the central axis of the sun wheel, a first coupling gear which rotates synchronously with the sun wheel is connected to the central axis of the sun wheel, a second coupling gear is meshed on the first coupling gear, a transmission shaft of the second coupling gear is connected to an automobile motor / generator, and a third clutch is arranged between the transmission shaft of the second coupling gear and a transmission shaft of an automobile motor / generator.

[0006] The first coupling gear and the second coupling gear are externally meshed gears.

[0007] There are four planetary wheels, the planet carrier is a cross-shaped structure, and the four planetary wheels are respectively connected to the four ends of the planet carrier.

[0008] The transmission system is connected with a reducer, and the first clutch is installed between the planet carrier and the reducer.

[0009] The brake is a disc brake.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the energy composite braking device of the new energy vehicle of the utility model mainly uses the energy storage flywheel regenerative braking, supplemented by the motor regenerative braking, and the energy is mainly coupled and transmitted in the form of mechanical energy; the flywheel is connected to the sun gear through the second clutch, and the energy recovery, storage and release are realized by controlling the connection and disconnection of the second clutch; the motor / generator is connected to the ring gear through the third clutch to realize power conversion; through the planetary gear mechanism, the energy storage flywheel is firstly efficiently coupled with the torque and speed of the motor, and then the power is stably output through the planetary carrier to drive the wheels to rotate.

[0011] During the energy storage and release process of the utility model, the power coupling and energy distribution working modes are as follows: (1) Braking energy recovery mode: the first clutch is closed, and the regenerative braking energy is transmitted to the planetary carrier through the vehicle transmission system, keeping the ring gear, sun gear, and planetary carrier in the same direction; the first clutch is disconnected, the second clutch and the third clutch are closed, and the braking energy is transmitted to the energy storage flywheel and the generator through the sun gear and the ring gear respectively. The braking torque generated by the sun gear and the ring gear is opposite to the torque of the planetary carrier, which reduces the vehicle speed and realizes the recovery of regenerative braking energy. At the end of the energy recovery process, the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are all disconnected. Since there is no energy conversion and transmission between the energy storage flywheel and the planetary mechanism, each rotates freely, and the energy storage flywheel is in a high energy storage state. (2) Storage energy output mode: the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are engaged. When starting or accelerating, the energy storage flywheel is in a high-speed rotation state, and its energy will be transmitted to the planetary carrier through the sun gear, and the power will be transmitted to the power transmission system after coupling. The flywheel kinetic energy is coupled with the transmission system and output to provide auxiliary power for the vehicle. (3) Flywheel energy storage maintenance mode: The energy storage flywheel maintains a constant rotation speed and there is no energy conversion with the transmission system.

[0012] The utility model adopts an energy storage flywheel as a vehicle auxiliary power energy storage unit, which has the advantages of rapid energy storage and release, high energy storage density and power density, and long service life. When accelerating or starting, it can output a large instantaneous auxiliary power and improve the regenerative braking energy recovery rate. The energy recovered is mainly the energy of deceleration braking, and the amount recovered during emergency braking is relatively small. The composite braking energy flow is analyzed, and a single-stage planetary gear mechanism is selected as a power coupling and energy flow distribution device to reduce the loss of energy when it is recovered by braking.

[0013] When the battery is working, the energy storage flywheel is used to smooth the peak of the motor and fill the valley, which greatly reduces the peak power output and load intensity of the motor. The energy storage flywheel re-braking efficiency is higher than the motor regenerative braking efficiency, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced. At the same time, the control device of the continuously variable transmission in the mechanical flywheel braking energy recovery system is optimized, which effectively improves the fuel economy of the engine. The utility model combines the flywheel regenerative braking with the motor regenerative braking system to form a composite regenerative braking system to maximize the recovery of braking energy. At the same time, the flywheel can effectively adjust the optimal working point of the engine and the peak value of the motor to improve energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel automobile energy composite regenerative braking device according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the planetary gear mechanism in the new type of automobile energy composite regenerative braking device;

[0016] Figure 3 It is the energy flow analysis diagram of the whole vehicle during braking;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the energy transfer path diagram of braking energy recovery.

[0018] In the figure: 1-sun gear, 2-ring gear, 3-planet gear, 4-planet carrier, 5-first clutch, 6-second clutch, 7-third clutch, 8-first coupling gear, 9-second coupling gear, 10-brake. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0020] like Figure 1 to Figure 2As shown, the energy composite brake device of the new energy vehicle of this embodiment includes a sun gear 1 and a ring gear 2 which are concentrically arranged inside and outside, and the brake 10 of the vehicle is used to connect with the ring gear 2 to control the rotation of the ring gear 2, and the brake 10 is a disc brake. The connection method of the brake 10 and the ring gear 2 is the same as that of the prior art, specifically the connection structure of the brake disc 5 and the ring gear 2, the front end of the ring gear 2 is designed as a small shaft neck section, which matches the central shaft neck, and the rear end is designed as a large shaft neck section. The small shaft neck section of the ring gear is pressed into the central circular hole of the brake disc to achieve interference fit connection with the central circular hole of the brake disc. In addition, the shoulder of the ring gear is tightly fitted with the rear end face of the front part of the central hole of the brake disc to ensure the stability of the connection. The rear end face of the large shaft neck section of the ring gear is provided with evenly distributed end face teeth, which are in contact with the contacts of the sensor to realize data transmission or control functions.

[0021] Planetary gears 3 are evenly distributed between the sun gear 1 and the ring gear 2. The planetary gears 3 are meshed between the sun gear 1 and the ring gear 2. A planet carrier 4 is connected between the planetary gears 3. The planet carrier 4 has a central axis that coincides with the axis of the sun gear 1. The central axis of the planet carrier 4 is connected to the transmission system. There are four planetary gears 3. The planet carrier 4 is a cross-shaped structure. The four planetary gears 3 are respectively connected to the four ends of the planet carrier 4.

[0022] A first clutch 5 is provided between the central axis of the planet carrier 4 and the transmission system, the transmission system is connected to a reducer CVT, and the first clutch 5 is installed between the planet carrier 4 and the reducer CVT. An energy storage flywheel is connected to the central axis of the sun gear 1, and a second clutch 6 is provided between the energy storage flywheel and the central axis of the sun gear 1. A first coupling gear 8 that rotates synchronously with the sun gear 1 is connected to the central axis of the sun gear 1, and a second coupling gear 9 is meshed with the first coupling gear 8. The transmission shaft of the second coupling gear 9 is connected to the motor / generator of the automobile, and a third clutch 7 is provided between the transmission shaft of the second coupling gear 9 and the transmission shaft of a motor / generator of the automobile. The first coupling gear 8 and the second coupling gear 9 are externally meshed gears.

[0023] The motor / generator used in the electric vehicle using the energy composite braking device of the new energy vehicle of the utility model is reversible, and meets the two working requirements of power generation and charging at the same time, and requires a large speed change range, high operating efficiency, long life, and small no-load loss. The energy composite braking device of the new energy vehicle of the utility model mainly uses energy storage flywheel regeneration braking, supplemented by motor regeneration braking, and the energy is mainly coupled and transmitted in the form of mechanical energy; the flywheel is connected to the sun gear through the second clutch, and the energy recovery, storage and release are realized by controlling the connection and disconnection of the second clutch; the motor / generator is connected to the ring gear through the third clutch to realize the power conversion; through the planetary gear mechanism, the torque and speed of the energy storage flywheel and the motor are firstly efficiently coupled, and then the power is stably output through the planetary carrier to drive the wheels to rotate.

[0024] In the process of energy storage and release using the utility model, the working modes of power coupling and energy distribution are as follows:

[0025] (1) Braking energy recovery mode: The first clutch is closed, and the regenerative braking energy is transmitted to the planetary carrier through the vehicle transmission system, keeping the ring gear, sun gear, and planetary carrier in the same direction; the first clutch is disconnected, and the second and third clutches are closed, and the braking energy is transmitted to the energy storage flywheel and the generator through the sun gear and ring gear respectively. The braking torque generated by the sun gear and ring gear is opposite to the torque of the planetary carrier, which reduces the vehicle speed and realizes the recovery of regenerative braking energy. At the end of the energy recovery process, the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are all disconnected. Since there is no energy conversion and transmission between the energy storage flywheel and the planetary mechanism, each rotates freely, and the energy storage flywheel is in a high energy storage state.

[0026] (2) Energy storage output mode: The first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are engaged. When starting or accelerating, the energy storage flywheel is in a high-speed rotation state, and its energy will be transmitted to the planetary carrier through the sun gear. The power is coupled and transmitted to the power transmission system. The flywheel kinetic energy is coupled and output with the transmission system to provide auxiliary power for the vehicle.

[0027] (3) Flywheel energy storage maintenance mode: The energy storage flywheel maintains a constant rotation speed and there is no energy conversion with the transmission system.

[0028] The utility model adopts an energy storage flywheel as the auxiliary power energy storage unit of the vehicle, which has the advantages of rapid energy storage and release, high energy storage density and power density, and long service life. When accelerating or starting, it can output a large instantaneous auxiliary power and improve the regenerative braking energy recovery rate. The energy recovered is mainly the energy of deceleration braking, and the amount recovered during emergency braking is relatively small. The composite braking energy flow is analyzed, and a single-stage planetary gear mechanism is selected as the power coupling and energy flow distribution device to reduce the loss of energy when it is recovered by braking. The energy flow analysis of the whole vehicle during braking is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0029] The energy transfer path of braking energy recovery is as follows Figure 4 As shown, when the battery is working, the energy storage flywheel is used to smooth the peak power of the motor and fill the valley, which greatly reduces the peak power output and load intensity of the motor. In addition, the re-braking efficiency of the energy storage flywheel is higher than the regenerative braking efficiency of the motor, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced. At the same time, the control device of the continuously variable transmission in the mechanical flywheel braking energy recovery system is optimized, which effectively improves the fuel economy of the engine.

[0030] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A new energy vehicle energy composite braking device, characterized in that: It includes a sun wheel and a ring gear which are concentrically arranged inside and outside. The brake of the automobile is used to connect with the ring gear to control the rotation of the ring gear. Planetary wheels are evenly distributed between the sun wheel and the ring gear. The planetary wheels are meshed between the sun wheel and the ring gear. A planet carrier is connected between the planetary wheels. The planet carrier has a central axis which coincides with the axis of the sun wheel. The central axis of the planet carrier is connected to a transmission system. A first clutch is arranged between the central axis of the planet carrier and the transmission system. An energy storage flywheel is connected to the central axis of the sun wheel. A second clutch is arranged between the energy storage flywheel and the central axis of the sun wheel. A first coupling gear which rotates synchronously with the sun wheel is connected to the central axis of the sun wheel. A second coupling gear is meshed with the first coupling gear. The transmission shaft of the second coupling gear is connected to an automobile motor / generator. A third clutch is arranged between the transmission shaft of the second coupling gear and the transmission shaft of an automobile motor / generator.

2. The new energy vehicle energy composite braking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first coupling gear and the second coupling gear are externally meshed gears.

3. The new energy vehicle energy composite braking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are four planetary wheels, the planet carrier is a cross-shaped structure, and the four planetary wheels are respectively connected to the four ends of the planet carrier.

4. The new energy vehicle energy composite braking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transmission system is connected with a reducer, and the first clutch is installed between the planet carrier and the reducer.

5. The new energy vehicle energy composite braking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The brake is a disc brake.

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