Composite water-gas separation preheater for gas-electricity system and gas-electricity system

Abstract

The utility model provides a compound type water-gas separation preheater for a gas-electricity system, which comprises a main body, an upper cover, a pipeline matrix, a fresh gas inlet and a fresh gas outlet, the main body is provided with an inner cavity and an upper opening, the upper cover is arranged at the upper opening, the upper cover is provided with a recovered gas inlet and a recovered gas outlet, and the recovered gas inlet and the recovered gas outlet are communicated with the pipeline matrix. The recovered gas inlet and the recovered gas outlet are both communicated with the inner cavity, and the pipeline matrix transversely penetrates through the inner cavity from the first side wall of the main body and extends to the second side wall of the main body; the pipeline square matrix forms a first square matrix hole in the first side wall of the main body and forms a second square matrix hole in the second side wall of the main body, so that fresh gas and recycled gas are subjected to heat exchange inside and outside hollow pipes of the pipeline square matrix respectively; and the recovered gas is subjected to water-gas separation outside the hollow pipes of the pipeline square matrix, so that higher water-gas separation efficiency and smaller volume are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell engine, and specifically to a composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system and a fuel-electric system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cell vehicles use the electricity generated by the on-board fuel cell device as a driving force, and the fuel cell plays a key role in the overall performance of this type of vehicle. The anode of the fuel cell continuously inputs hydrogen, and the hydrogen molecules are dissociated into hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of the anode catalyst. The hydrogen ions move from the dielectric layer to the cathode, and the electrons flow from the external circuit to the cathode; the cathode of the fuel cell continuously inputs oxygen, and the oxygen is dissociated into oxygen atoms under the action of the cathode catalyst, which combines with the hydrogen ions and electrons to form water with a stable structure, completing the electrochemical reaction and continuously forming current, thereby continuously providing electricity to the vehicle.

[0003] Before the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack, hydrogen is released from the gas bottle, which is called fresh gas. The temperature of the released fresh gas is generally below 20°C, and it will be even lower in extreme environments. This is quite different from the reaction temperature (70°C to 90°C) in the fuel cell stack. After the fresh gas enters the fuel cell stack, there is a heat exchange and temperature rise process, which has a great impact on the response performance of the stack. For the preheating of the fresh gas at the anode inlet, the existing practice is generally to add an additional preheating device or heat exchanger, but it will increase energy consumption, increase costs, and increase the space occupied by the entire system, which is not conducive to power density, integrated design, and subsequent application in small vehicles.

[0004] In addition, during the operation of the fuel cell, water and hydrogen will be discharged from the anode outlet of the stack. Generally, in order to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen, this part of the discharged hydrogen, called recycled gas, will be recycled to the anode inlet of the stack for reuse, but the water contained in the recycled gas needs to be partially or completely separated. The existing practice is generally to add a water-gas separation device to the anode outlet of the stack to separate and remove most of the water in the gas, for example, using a cyclone centrifugal or baffle water-gas separation device. As the power of the fuel-electric system increases, the separation capacity requirements increase, and the separation chamber can only be continuously enlarged, resulting in a larger volume of the entire gas-water separator. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome at least one disadvantage of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system and a fuel-electric system.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the utility model provides a composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system, which mainly comprises a main body, an upper cover, a pipeline array, a fresh gas inlet, and a fresh gas outlet. The main body has an inner cavity and an upper opening. The upper cover is installed at the upper opening. The upper cover is provided with a recovery gas inlet and a recovery gas outlet. Both the recovery gas inlet and the recovery gas outlet are connected to the inner cavity. The pipeline array extends from the first side wall of the main body through the inner cavity horizontally to the second side wall of the main body, so that the pipeline array forms a first array hole on the first side wall of the main body and forms a second array hole on the second side wall of the main body. The first side wall is opposite to the second side wall. The fresh gas inlet is located outside the first side wall of the main body and is connected to the first array hole. The fresh gas outlet is located outside the second side wall of the main body and is connected to the second array hole, so that the fresh gas and the recovery gas are respectively heat exchanged inside and outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline array, and the recovery gas is separated from water outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline array.

[0007] Preferably, the inner cavity includes a water-gas separation cavity, the recycled gas inlet and the recycled gas outlet are both connected to the water-gas separation cavity, and the pipeline array is located in the water-gas separation cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a centrifuge is provided between the recycled gas inlet and the water-gas separation chamber, and the centrifuge is used for pre-water-gas separation of the recycled gas before the recycled gas enters the water-gas separation chamber.

[0009] Preferably, it includes a first side cover and a second side cover, the fresh air inlet is arranged on the first side cover, the fresh air outlet is arranged on the second side cover, the first side cover is installed at the first square array hole to form a fresh air diversion chamber between the first side cover and the first square array hole, the second side cover is installed at the second square array hole to form a fresh air confluence chamber between the second side cover and the second square array hole, and the fresh air diversion chamber, the fresh air confluence chamber, and the space inside the hollow tube of the pipeline array are connected.

[0010] Preferably, the first side cover is provided with a first thread-to-ferrule joint to form the fresh air inlet, and the second side cover is provided with a second thread-to-ferrule joint to form the fresh air outlet.

[0011] Preferably, a drain port is provided at the bottom of the main body, and the drain port is connected to a drain solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the recycling gas inlet is located on the top surface of the upper cover, and the recycling gas outlet is located on the side surface of the upper cover.

[0013] Preferably, a mounting seat is provided on the third side wall of the main body, the mounting seat is communicated with the water-gas separation chamber, and a pressure sensor is provided on the mounting seat.

[0014] The second aspect of the utility model provides a fuel-electric system, the main feature of which is that it includes the composite water-gas separation preheater.

[0015] Compared with the traditional single-function water separator, the composite water-gas separation preheater and the fuel-power system of the utility model add a pipeline array, so that the wet recovered gas at the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack can be centrifuged before contacting the cold air pipeline array to further precipitate condensed water, thereby greatly improving the water separation efficiency; in addition, the low-temperature fresh gas in the cold air pipeline array comes from the hydrogen storage bottle and is heated by the high-temperature wet recovered gas at the anode outlet, thereby eliminating the need for an additional preheating device, thereby saving energy and engine compartment space, facilitating integration, and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view of the assembly of the composite water-gas separation preheater of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a left view of the assembly of the composite water-gas separation preheater of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a top view of the assembly assembly of the composite water-gas separation preheater of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the assembly of the composite water-gas separation preheater of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 The exploded view is an assembly diagram of the composite water-gas separation preheater of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, an embodiment of the composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system provided by the utility model achieves higher water-gas separation efficiency and smaller volume, and can be applied to vehicle-mounted fuel cell engines.

[0025] Among them, the water-gas separation preheater includes a main body 1, an upper cover 2, a pipeline array 5, a fresh gas inlet, and a fresh gas outlet. The main body 1 has an inner cavity, an upper opening, four side walls and a bottom plate. The upper cover 2 is installed and fixed at the upper opening. The upper cover 2 is provided with a recovery gas inlet 22 and a recovery gas outlet 23. In this embodiment, the recovery gas inlet 22 is located on the top surface of the upper cover 2, and the recovery gas outlet 23 is located on the side of the upper cover 2. The recovery gas inlet 22 and the recovery gas outlet 23 are both connected to the inner cavity.

[0026] Among them, fresh gas refers to the newly flowing hydrogen from the hydrogen storage bottle; recycled gas refers to the hydrogen at the outlet of the anode of the fuel cell stack.

[0027] In this embodiment, the pipeline matrix 5 is a matrix formed by four rows and four columns of hollow tubes 13 spaced apart from each other. The pipeline matrix 5 passes through the inner cavity transversely from the first side wall of the main body 1 and extends to the second side wall of the main body 1, and the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall. The pipeline matrix 5 forms a first matrix hole on the first side wall of the main body 1 and a second matrix hole on the second side wall of the main body 1. Both ends of the pipeline matrix 5 can be directly fixed to the side wall by welding.

[0028] The fresh air inlet is located outside the first side wall of the main body 1 and is communicated with the first square array holes, and the fresh air outlet is located outside the second side wall of the main body 1 and is communicated with the second square array holes.

[0029] Through the above-mentioned arrangement of the utility model, fresh gas enters the hollow tube of the pipeline array 5 through the fresh gas inlet, and the recycled gas enters the inner cavity through the recycled gas inlet 22 of the upper cover and contacts the outer wall of the hollow tube of the pipeline array 5. On the one hand, the pipeline array 5 is continuously supplied with low-temperature fresh gas, and the recycled gas at the outlet of the anode of the stack contains moisture, which is wet and hot recycled gas. It contacts the outer wall of the hollow tube of the pipeline array 5 for cooling and condensation to obtain dehydrated recycled gas, that is, dry recycled gas, which returns to the circulation pump from the recycled gas outlet 23 and enters the stack. This process realizes a smaller volume of the water separator and a higher water-gas separation efficiency; on the other hand, the fresh gas is heated by the wet and hot recycled gas in the hollow tube of the pipeline array, flows out from the fresh gas outlet and enters the stack. This process achieves energy saving and preheating effects, and also saves more integration space.

[0030] Therefore, through the arrangement of the present invention, the fresh gas and the recovered gas can exchange heat inside and outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline array 5 to achieve preheating of the fresh gas, while the recovered gas is separated from the water gas outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline array 5.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner cavity includes a water-gas separation cavity 12 , the recovery gas inlet 22 and the recovery gas outlet 23 are both connected to the water-gas separation cavity 12 , and the pipeline array 5 passes through the water-gas separation cavity 12 horizontally.

[0032] like Figure 3 and 7 As shown, a centrifuge 3 is arranged between the recycled gas inlet 22 and the water-gas separation chamber 23 , and the centrifuge 3 is used for pre-water-gas separation of the recycled gas before the recycled gas enters the water-gas separation chamber 12 .

[0033] The centrifuge 3 can be a conventional centrifuge. After the recovered gas enters the recovered gas inlet 22, the water vapor is initially separated by the centrifuge 3 to obtain the primary dehydrated recovered gas, and the primary dehydrated recovered gas is then cooled and condensed by the pipeline array 5 to further obtain the secondary dehydrated recovered gas. On the basis of not increasing the volume, a higher water vapor separation efficiency is achieved.

[0034] The water-gas separation preheater of the utility model includes a first side cover 41 and a second side cover 4. The fresh gas inlet is arranged on the first side cover 41, and the fresh gas outlet is arranged on the second side cover 4. The first side cover 41 is installed at the first square array hole to form a fresh gas diversion chamber 42 between the first side cover 41 and the first square array hole. The second side cover 4 is installed at the second square array hole to form a fresh gas confluence chamber 43 between the second side cover 4 and the second square array hole. The fresh gas diversion chamber 42, the fresh gas confluence chamber 43, and the hollow tube inner space of the pipeline square array 5 are connected.

[0035] The fresh gas enters the hollow tube of the pipeline array through the fresh gas inlet and the fresh gas diversion cavity, is heated by the moist heat recovery gas outside the hollow tube, and after being gathered in the fresh gas converging cavity, flows out from the fresh gas outlet, and the preheated fresh gas enters the fuel cell stack.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first side cover 41 is provided with a first thread-to-ferrule joint 61 to form the fresh air inlet, and the second side cover 4 is provided with a second thread-to-ferrule joint 6 to form the fresh air outlet.

[0037] A drain port 91 is provided at the bottom of the main body 1, and the drain port 91 is connected to the drain solenoid valve 9. The water after the condensation of the recovered gas can be controllably discharged through the drain port and the drain solenoid valve.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a mounting seat 7 is disposed on the third side wall of the main body 1 , the mounting seat 7 is connected to the water-gas separation chamber 12 , and a pressure sensor 8 is disposed on the mounting seat 7 .

[0039] The water-gas separation preheater of the utility model can be applied to a fuel-electric system.

[0040] The advantages of the water-gas separation preheater of the utility model are: waste heat utilization, more energy-saving; the intake air temperature is closer to the ideal temperature and the response is faster; higher water-gas separation efficiency and smaller volume; high integration, reducing preheating devices, saving more space, and reducing the overall volume power density of the fuel-electric system; and reducing costs.

[0041] Compared with the traditional single-function water separator, the composite water-gas separation preheater and the fuel-power system of the utility model add a pipeline array, so that the wet recovered gas at the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack can be centrifuged before contacting the cold air pipeline array to further precipitate condensed water, thereby greatly improving the water separation efficiency; in addition, the low-temperature fresh gas in the cold air pipeline array comes from the hydrogen storage bottle and is heated by the high-temperature wet recovered gas at the anode outlet, thereby eliminating the need for an additional preheating device, thereby saving energy and engine compartment space, facilitating integration, and reducing costs.

[0042] In this specification, the utility model has been described with reference to its specific embodiments. However, it is obvious that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the description and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body, an upper cover, a pipeline matrix, a fresh air inlet and a fresh air outlet, wherein the main body has an inner cavity and an upper opening, the upper cover is installed at the upper opening, the upper cover is provided with a recovery air inlet and a recovery air outlet, both of which are communicated with the inner cavity, the pipeline matrix extends from the first side wall of the main body through the inner cavity horizontally to the second side wall of the main body, so that the pipeline matrix forms a first matrix hole on the first side wall of the main body and a second matrix hole on the second side wall of the main body, the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall, the fresh air inlet is located outside the first side wall of the main body and is communicated with the first matrix hole, the fresh air outlet is located outside the second side wall of the main body and is communicated with the second matrix hole, so that the fresh air and the recovery air respectively exchange heat inside and outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline matrix, and the recovery air is separated from water vapor outside the hollow tubes of the pipeline matrix.

2. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity comprises a water-gas separation cavity, the recycled gas inlet and the recycled gas outlet are both connected to the water-gas separation cavity, and the pipeline array is located in the water-gas separation cavity.

3. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A centrifuge is arranged between the recycled gas inlet and the water-gas separation chamber, and the centrifuge is used for pre-water-gas separation of the recycled gas before the recycled gas enters the water-gas separation chamber.

4. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a first side cover and a second side cover, the fresh air inlet is arranged on the first side cover, the fresh air outlet is arranged on the second side cover, the first side cover is installed at the first square array hole to form a fresh air diversion chamber between the first side cover and the first square array hole, the second side cover is installed at the second square array hole to form a fresh air confluence chamber between the second side cover and the second square array hole, and the fresh air diversion chamber, the fresh air confluence chamber, and the space inside the hollow tube of the pipeline array are connected.

5. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first side cover is provided with a first thread-to-card-sleeve joint to form the fresh air inlet, and the second side cover is provided with a second thread-to-card-sleeve joint to form the fresh air outlet.

6. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain port is arranged at the bottom of the main body, and the drain port is connected to a drain solenoid valve.

7. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling gas inlet is located on the top surface of the upper cover, and the recycling gas outlet is located on the side surface of the upper cover.

8. The composite water-gas separation preheater for a fuel-electric system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting seat is arranged on the third side wall of the main body, the mounting seat is communicated with the water-gas separation chamber, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the mounting seat.

9. A fuel-electric system, characterized in that: A composite water-gas separation preheater comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

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