Tuber crop cleaning machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tuber crop cleaning and sorting machine which comprises a machine frame, a feeding hopper is installed above the left side of the machine frame, a screening device is correspondingly arranged below the feeding hopper, a screening device motor is installed inside the machine frame, a winnowing device is arranged above the right side of the machine frame, and the bottom of the winnowing device corresponds to the tail end of the screening device. A traction frame is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the rack, and a polishing device motor is arranged in the right side of the rack. The tuber crop cleaning machine integrates screening, specific gravity impurity removal and flexible polishing, and efficient dry type cleaning of adherends on the surfaces of tuber crops is achieved through mutual replacement movement and rolling friction in the fluidization process. The dry-type cleaning technology avoids the problems of high water consumption, low efficiency, high site requirement, easy generation of secondary pollution and large subsequent drying workload during water washing treatment, and has the characteristics of being capable of being used in the field and directly returning removed materials to the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a tuber crop cleaning machine. Background Art

[0002] After the tuber crops are harvested, they are inevitably mixed with impurities such as soil and grass stems, which affect the quality of the crops. In addition, the newly harvested tubers are prone to mildew and deterioration due to their high moisture content and are difficult to store if they are piled up for a long time. For the above reasons, tuber crops must be cleaned and removed in time after harvest in order to carry out subsequent drying, dehydration or production processing.

[0003] There are two common cleaning methods for tuber crops: water washing and dry cleaning. The water washing technology relies on the flushing effect of water to remove dirt and other impurities on the surface of the tubers, and then separates them by specific gravity difference. This method is relatively mature at present, but it has problems such as high water consumption, low efficiency, high requirements for the working site, easy to cause secondary pollution, and increased workload in the drying process;

[0004] Dry cleaning technology refers to a method of separating tubers from impurities directly through mechanical devices without the intervention of water. It has the characteristics of small equipment size, flexibility and mobility. It can be operated in fields or on site, and the waste can be returned to the fields, reducing environmental pollution and waste of resources. In addition, the fibrous roots on the surface of the tubers can be removed during the processing process. It is particularly suitable for the cleaning and removal of impurities of crops such as cyperus, water chestnuts, and taro.

[0005] Dry cleaning and sorting of tuber crops has many advantages, but due to the lack of relevant technology research and development in my country and the low technical level, there is no dry cleaning equipment in the actual production process. The existing tuber crop sorting machines found in public information include: a double-drum cyperus polishing machine designed by Shang Pan and others from Jilin Haoyishou Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd., a cyperus mobile screening machine designed by Wang Huanyi from Hubei Oubomei Cyperus Industry Development Co., Ltd., and a "soil-washing" small-particle root crop dry cleaning system designed by Zhang Xiuli and others from Henan Agricultural University;

[0006] In the double-drum cyperus rotundus polishing machine with the patent CN207564295U, four drums are designed, which are arranged in parallel and divided into two groups, each group has two drums, one large on top and one small on the bottom. A spiral push polishing roller is installed in each drum, and the polishing and conveying of cyperus rotundus are achieved through the joint action of the drum and the push polishing roller. This structure is too complicated, the operation procedure is cumbersome, and the efficiency is low. The spiral rubber roller used is also easy to wear and needs to be replaced frequently, and it is impossible to remove large impurities.

[0007] In a mobile screening machine for cyperus rotundus with the patent publication CN207056960U, a single roller screen cleaning component is designed to achieve high-speed cleaning of cyperus rotundus adulterants and attachments by changing the mesh size at different positions of the roller screen. However, since this design does not have a friction removal function, it is also unable to effectively remove attachments on the surface of cyperus rotundus, and there is no means to remove larger debris;

[0008] In a small-particle root crop dry cleaning system of "using soil to wash soil" with the patent CN113180258A, the system includes two modules: the first module uses the collision and friction between the root crops themselves to break and separate the larger soil blocks; at the same time, sand is transported to the second module, and the second module uses the friction between the root crops and the sand to separate the fine impurities on the surface of the root crops. This design uses sand as a detergent, and needs to input sand first and then filter out the sand, which increases the complexity of the machine, the machine is large, and the energy consumption is also large;

[0009] Based on the above problems, we proposed a design scheme for a tuber crop cleaning machine. Utility Model Content

[0010] The utility model aims to provide a tuber crop cleaning machine to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology, such as large water consumption and low efficiency of water washing in the current market, high requirements for the working site, easy generation of secondary pollution, increased drying links, lack of dry cleaning equipment, and immature technology.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a tuber crop cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a feeding hopper is installed on the upper left side of the frame, and a screening device is correspondingly provided below the feeding hopper;

[0012] It also includes: a frame, a screening device motor is installed inside, and a wind selection device is arranged on the upper right side of the frame, the bottom of the wind selection device corresponds to the tail end of the screening device, and the bottom of the screening device corresponds to the polishing device, the frame, a traction frame is installed on the outer side of the bottom, the frame, a polishing device motor is arranged inside the right side, and a debris removal slide is arranged on the left side of the polishing device motor, and a polishing device is arranged below the screening device inside the frame.

[0013] Preferably, the screening device includes a pulley I, wherein the pulley I is rotatably mounted on the outside of the screening device, and the pulley is connected to the connecting rod through a crank, the screening device has two suspension rods installed at both ends of its exterior, and the four suspension rods have the same structure, and every two suspension rods are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center line of the screening device, the screening device has a slot on the upper interior thereof for placing a vibrating screen, and a feeding hopper is provided correspondingly above the vibrating screen.

[0014] Preferably, the air selection device includes an air selection device motor, the output end of the air selection device motor is connected to the impeller, and a fan housing is arranged outside the impeller and on the left side of the air selection device motor.

[0015] Preferably, the polishing device includes a polishing chamber, and a discharge hopper is provided on the left side of the bottom of the polishing chamber, and a feed hopper is provided on the right side of the polishing chamber, and a pulley II is provided at the right end of the polishing chamber, the polishing chamber, a sedimentation box is provided at the bottom, and a de-impurity fan is provided on the outside of the sedimentation box, the polishing chamber includes a polishing roller, wherein the polishing roller is installed through the interior of the polishing chamber, and the upper shell and the lower shell are symmetrically installed at the upper and lower positions of the polishing roller, the upper shell and the lower shell form a cylindrical structure, and a cover plate is provided above the upper shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0017] A tuber crop cleaning machine integrates screening, gravity impurity removal and flexible polishing. Through mutual displacement movement and rolling friction in the fluidization process, it realizes efficient dry cleaning of adhesions on the surface of tuber crops. This dry cleaning technology avoids the problems of high water consumption, low efficiency, high site requirements, easy secondary pollution and large subsequent drying workload during water washing. It can be used in the field and the removed materials can be directly returned to the field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tuber crop cleaning machine;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screening device;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air selection device;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fan impeller structure;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the polishing device structure;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the polishing chamber structure;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cover plate structure;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the upper shell structure;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the polishing roller structure;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the lower shell structure.

[0028] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, feeding hopper; 3, screening device; 301, pulley I; 302, crank; 303, connecting rod; 304, suspension rod; 305, vibrating screen; 4, screening device motor; 5, air selection device; 501, fan housing; 502, air selection device motor; 503, bracket; 504, impeller; 6, traction frame; 7, polishing device motor; 8, impeller slide; 9, polishing device; 901, polishing chamber; 9001, cover plate; 9002, upper housing; 9003, polishing roller; 9004, lower housing; 902, feeding hopper; 903, pulley II; 90031, nylon brush; 90032, polishing shaft; 904, sedimentation box; 905, impeller fan; 906, discharge hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] This utility provides the following technical solutions:

[0031] Examples, such as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a variety of cleaning technologies such as vibration screening, wind separation and impurity removal, flexible polishing, etc. are used to carry out multi-stage cleaning, so that tuber crops can be cleaned and impurities removed during the fluidization process, and the following are disclosed:

[0032] It includes a frame 1, a feeding hopper 2 is installed on the upper left side of the frame, and a screening device 3 is correspondingly provided below the feeding hopper 2;

[0033] It also includes: a frame 1, in which a screening device motor 4 is installed, and a wind selection device 5 is arranged on the upper right side of the frame 1, and the bottom of the wind selection device 5 corresponds to the tail end of the screening device 3, and at the same time, a polishing device 9 corresponds to the bottom of the screening device 3; a frame 1, on the outer side of the bottom, a traction frame 6 is installed; a frame 1, on the right side, a polishing device motor 7 is arranged inside, and a debris removal slide 8 is arranged on the left side of the polishing device motor 7, and a polishing device 9 is arranged below the screening device 3 inside the frame 1.

[0034] The screening device 3 includes a pulley I301, wherein the pulley I301 is rotatably installed on the outside of the screening device 3, and the pulley I301 is connected to the connecting rod 303 through a crank 302. The screening device 3 has two suspension rods 304 installed at both ends of its exterior, and the four suspension rods 304 have the same structure, and every two suspension rods 304 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center line of the screening device 3. The screening device 3 has a slot on the upper interior thereof for placing a vibrating screen 305, and a feeding hopper 2 is provided correspondingly above the vibrating screen 305.

[0035] The air selection device 5 includes an air selection device motor 502 , the output end of which is connected to an impeller 504 , and a fan housing 501 is provided outside the impeller 504 and on the left side of the air selection device motor 502 .

[0036] The polishing device 9 includes a polishing chamber 901, and a discharge hopper 906 is provided on the left side of the bottom of the polishing chamber 901, and a feed hopper 902 is provided on the right side of the polishing chamber 901, and a pulley II903 is provided at the right end of the polishing chamber 901, and a sedimentation box 904 is provided at the bottom of the polishing chamber 901, and a dust removal fan 905 is provided on the outside of the sedimentation box 904. The polishing chamber 901 includes a polishing roller 9003, wherein the polishing roller 9003 is installed through the inside of the polishing chamber 901, and the upper shell 9002 and the lower shell 9004 are symmetrically installed at the upper and lower positions of the polishing roller 9003, and the upper shell 9002 and the lower shell 9004 form a cylindrical structure, and a cover plate 9001 is provided above the upper shell 9002.

[0037] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it is mainly composed of a frame 1, a feeding hopper 2, a screening device 3, a screening device motor 4, a wind selection device 5, a traction frame 6, a polishing device motor 7, a debris removal slide 8, a polishing device 9 and other parts. The main working parts are the vibration screening device 3, the negative pressure wind selection device 5 and the drum polishing device 9. Each part is powered by an independent motor, and the output speed of the motor is adjusted and controlled by the frequency converter. During the working process, the screening device first cleans the soil mixed in the tuber, the wind selection device 5 cleans the grass stems, and finally the polishing device 9 cleans the soil and fibrous roots attached to the surface of the tuber.

[0038] The structure of the screening device 3 is as follows: Figure 2As shown, it is mainly composed of a pulley 1301, a crank 302, a connecting rod 303, a suspension rod 304 and a vibrating screen 305. The crank 302 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 303, and the connecting rod 303 is rotatably connected to the vibrating screen 305. The vibrating screen 305 is hinged to the frame 1 by four suspension rods 304 of equal length. The vibrating screen 305 is provided with upper and lower layers of screen mesh, a material outlet is provided at the tail, and a debris outlet is provided on the side. The entire vibrating screen 305 is inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal direction. When working, the pulley I301 drives the crank 302 connecting rod 303 to drive the vibrating screen 305 to swing back and forth. The designed screening device 3 can change the amplitude by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 303, the vibration frequency by adjusting the speed of the crank 302, and the inclination of the screen surface by adjusting the length of the suspension rod 304. The working principle of the screening device 3 is: according to the difference in the three-axis size of the tuber, the upper large-hole screen and the lower small-hole screen of the two-layer screen are used to separate impurities from the tuber, among which impurities such as long grass stems are left in the upper layer and discharged from the upper discharge port. The soil and broken grass stems are discharged from the lower discharge port after passing through the two layers of screens, and the tubers are left in the middle layer after passing through one layer of screen and discharged from the middle discharge port.

[0039] The structure of the wind selection device 5 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it is mainly composed of a fan housing 501, a wind selection device motor 502, a bracket 503, an impeller 504 and other parts. The impeller 504 is located inside the fan housing 501 and is rotatably connected to one end of the wind selection device motor 502. The working principle of the wind selection device 5 is: the wind selection device motor 502 drives the impeller 504 to rotate to generate wind force, and the grass stem impurities mixed in the tubers are sucked into the fan housing 501 by the wind force and discharged outside the machine.

[0040] Polishing device 9 structure as Figure 5 As shown, it is mainly composed of a polishing chamber 901, a feed hopper 902, a pulley II 903, a sedimentation box 904, a dust removal fan 905 and a discharge hopper 906. Figure 6 As shown, the polishing chamber 901 is a horizontal structure, mainly composed of a cover plate 9001, an upper shell 9002, a polishing roller 9003, and a lower shell 9004. Fig. 9 As shown, the polishing roller 9003 is composed of a polishing shaft 90032 and a nylon brush 90031 installed thereon. When working, the tubers enter the polishing chamber 901 from the feed hopper 902, and move toward the discharge port along the spiral line as the polishing roller 9003 rotates. The tubers rub against each other during the fluidization movement, and the nylon brush 90031 squeezes and rubs the surface of the tubers. Under the action of multiple forces, the tubers are separated from surface attachments such as soil and fibrous roots, and discharged out of the machine through the discharge hopper 906. The soil impurities are discharged through the lower shell 9004 and the fibrous root impurities are blown out of the machine by the impurity removal fan 905.

[0041] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for technical personnel in the field to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tuber crop cleaning machine, comprising a frame (1), a feeding hopper (2) being installed on the upper left side of the frame, and a screening device (3) being provided below the feeding hopper (2); It is characterized in that Also includes: A frame (1) is provided with a screening device motor (4) installed therein, and a wind selection device (5) is provided on the upper right side of the frame (1), and the bottom of the wind selection device (5) corresponds to the tail end of the screening device (3), and a polishing device (9) corresponds to the bottom of the screening device (3); A frame (1) is provided with a traction frame (6) on the outer side of the bottom thereof, a polishing device motor (7) is provided inside the frame (1) on the right side thereof, a debris removal slide plate (8) is provided on the left side of the polishing device motor (7), and a polishing device (9) is provided below the internal screening device (3) of the frame (1).

2. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device (3) comprises a pulley I (301), wherein the pulley I (301) is rotatably mounted on the outside of the screening device (3), and the pulley I (301) is connected to a connecting rod (303) via a crank (302).

3. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening device (3) has two suspension rods (304) installed at both ends of its exterior, and the four suspension rods (304) have the same structure, and every two suspension rods (304) are symmetrically arranged about the vertical center line of the screening device (3).

4. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screening device (3) has a slot on the upper part thereof on which a vibrating screen (305) is placed, and a feeding hopper (2) is correspondingly disposed on the upper left side of the vibrating screen (305).

5. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air selection device (5) comprises an air selection device motor (502), the output end of the air selection device motor (502) is connected to an impeller (504), and a fan housing (501) is arranged outside the impeller (504) and on the left side of the air selection device motor (502).

6. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing device (9) comprises a polishing chamber (901), wherein a discharge hopper (906) is arranged on the left side of the bottom of the polishing chamber (901), and a feed hopper (902) is arranged on the right side of the polishing chamber (901), and a pulley II (903) is arranged at the right end of the polishing chamber (901). A sedimentation box (904) is arranged at the bottom of the polishing chamber (901), and a dust removal fan (905) is arranged on the outside of the sedimentation box (904).

7. The tuber crop cleaning machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The polishing chamber (901) comprises a polishing roller (9003), wherein the polishing roller (9003) passes through the interior of the polishing chamber (901), and an upper shell (9002) and a lower shell (9004) are symmetrically installed at upper and lower positions of the polishing roller (9003), and the upper shell (9002) and the lower shell (9004) form a cylindrical structure, and a cover plate (9001) is arranged above the upper shell (9002).

Images