Electric wide-body vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to a thermal management system, in particular to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle comprises a battery water-cooling system, a battery air-conditioning system and a cab air-conditioning system, and the battery water-cooling system comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. A refrigerant flow channel of the first heat exchanger and a first expansion valve are connected in series and then connected into a refrigerant circulation loop of a battery air conditioning system, and a refrigerant flow channel of the second heat exchanger and a second expansion valve are connected in series and then connected into a refrigerant circulation loop of a cab air conditioning system. And the cooling water flow channel of the second heat exchanger is connected in series with the on-off valve and then is connected in parallel with the cooling water flow channel of the first heat exchanger in a cooling water circulation loop of the battery water cooling system. According to the utility model, the battery water cooling system is coupled with the cab air conditioning system, so that the battery cooling power is easily increased, the utilization rate of the cab compressor is increased, and the cost is lower than that of three independent air conditioning systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a thermal management system, and more specifically to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof. Background Art

[0002] A wide-body mining dump truck refers to a dump truck that has been widened and strengthened in frame, carriage, suspension, etc. to meet the transportation needs of mining areas or other special places. It is referred to as a wide-body truck. It is a heavy-duty transport machinery used in open-pit mines to complete rock and earth stripping and ore transportation tasks. Its working characteristics are short distance and heavy load. It is often loaded by a large excavator and travels back and forth between the mining site and the unloading site.

[0003] Electric wide-body vehicles are generally based on traditional wide-body vehicles, but they do not use diesel engines and instead use electric motors and lithium batteries as power. They have the following characteristics: zero emissions, with neither pollution nor carbon emissions, improving environmental air quality; high power, with high peak torque and power of the electric motor; high power of the vehicle, which can instantly generate greater power, improve the vehicle's climbing ability, and improve operating efficiency; low maintenance rate, with no engine, reducing maintenance by more than 70%; higher efficiency, with electric motors being more efficient than diesel engines; energy-saving, with the ability to recover braking energy, and when driving downhill with a heavy load, the greater the slope, the more money saved, and no energy consumed under extreme conditions; reduced mechanical brake wear, with the electric braking function reducing the wear and failure rate of the mechanical brakes caused by long descents, greatly improving the vehicle's braking safety, allowing the vehicle to work safely in steeper conditions.

[0004] With the large-scale vehicles and the demand for higher efficiency (overload, higher speed), coupled with the fact that mines often have long uphill and downhill roads and long-range high power requirements, the thermal management of the whole vehicle faces severe challenges. Chinese patent document CN218505645U discloses a technical solution for a 70-ton off-road pure electric wide-body dump truck, which not only separates the air conditioning system of the cab and the battery, but also uses two independent air conditioning systems for the battery system. This technical solution has a significant effect on thermal management, but has a total of three independent air conditioning systems, resulting in high cost and low compressor utilization of the air conditioning system. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, so as to improve the compressor utilization rate of the air-conditioning system and reduce the cost.

[0006] The utility model provides a technical solution to achieve its purpose: a thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle, comprising a battery water cooling system, a battery air-conditioning system, and a cab air-conditioning system, the battery water cooling system comprising a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the refrigerant flow channel of the first heat exchanger and a first expansion valve being connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation circuit of the battery air-conditioning system, the refrigerant flow channel of the second heat exchanger and a second expansion valve being connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation circuit of the cab air-conditioning system; the cooling water flow channel of the second heat exchanger and an on-off valve being connected in series and then connected in parallel with the cooling water flow channel of the first heat exchanger to the cooling water circulation circuit of the battery water cooling system.

[0007] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, the cab air conditioning evaporator and the cab air conditioning expansion valve in the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the second heat exchanger and the second expansion valve connected in series.

[0008] In the thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the first heat exchanger is composed of at least two sub-heat exchangers, the refrigerant flow channels of the sub-heat exchangers are connected in series, and the cooling water flow channels of the sub-heat exchangers are connected in parallel.

[0009] In the thermal management system of an electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, the thermal management system also includes a motor and controller water cooling system, wherein the cooling water flow channel inlet of a power system water radiator in the motor and controller water cooling system is connected to the outlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery in the battery water cooling system through a pipeline, the cooling water flow channel outlet of the power system water radiator is connected to the C port of the three-way valve through a pipeline, the A port of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, the B port of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery in the battery water cooling system; the B port of the three-way valve is selectively connected to the A port or the C port.

[0010] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, the battery water cooling pump in the battery water cooling system is arranged between the B port of the three-way valve and the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery.

[0011] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, there are two battery water cooling pumps connected in parallel.

[0012] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, the battery water cooling system further comprises at least one water heater, and the water heater is arranged between the battery water cooling pump and the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery.

[0013] In the thermal management system of an electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model, a power system water cooling pump in the motor and controller water cooling system is connected in series between the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the motor and controller connected in series and / or in parallel and the outlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the power system water radiator.

[0014] In the thermal management system of an electric wide-body vehicle of the present utility model, the battery air conditioning condenser of the battery air conditioning system and the cab air conditioning condenser of the cab air conditioning system are integrated and arranged on the power system water radiator and are located in the air duct of the heat dissipation electronic fan of the motor and controller water cooling system.

[0015] The utility model provides a technical solution for achieving the purpose: an electric wide-body vehicle having the electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model couples the battery water cooling system and the cab air-conditioning system, which can easily increase the cooling power of the battery and improve the utilization rate of the cab compressor. The entire thermal management system has two air-conditioning systems, and its cost is lower than that of using three independent air-conditioning systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle of the utility model.

[0018] Parts names and serial numbers in the figure:

[0019] The battery 10 , the first heat exchanger 11 , the second heat exchanger 12 , the on-off valve 13 , the three-way valve 14 , the battery water cooling pump 15 , the water heater 16 , and the battery water cooling kettle 17 .

[0020] The cab air-conditioning compressor 20 , the cab air-conditioning condenser 21 , the cab air-conditioning liquid storage tank 22 , the cab air-conditioning evaporator 23 , the cab air-conditioning expansion valve 24 , and the second expansion valve 25 .

[0021] The battery air-conditioning compressor 30 , the battery air-conditioning condenser 31 , the battery air-conditioning liquid storage tank 32 , and the first expansion valve 33 .

[0022] Power system water cooling pump 40 , controller 41 , motor 42 , power water cooling kettle 43 , power system water radiator 44 , and heat dissipation electronic fan 45 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation scheme is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle includes a battery water cooling system, a battery air-conditioning system, a cab air-conditioning system, and a motor and controller water cooling system. The battery water cooling system includes a first heat exchanger 11 and a second heat exchanger 12. The refrigerant flow channel of the first heat exchanger 11 and the first expansion valve 33 are connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the battery air-conditioning system. The refrigerant flow channel of the second heat exchanger 12 and the second expansion valve 25 are connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air-conditioning system; the cooling water flow channel of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected in series with the on-off valve 13 and then connected in parallel with the cooling water flow channel of the first heat exchanger 11 to the cooling water circulation loop of the battery water cooling system.

[0025] In the motor and controller water cooling system, multiple controllers are included, such as a travel motor controller, an oil pump motor controller, etc. Each controller can be collectively referred to as an all-in-one or controller or an all-in-one controller. Each controller is provided with a controller cooling water channel for heat dissipation. The cooling water channel is for coolant to flow through and take away heat. In the power system, a motor cooling water channel is also provided in the motor. The controller cooling water channel of each controller 41 and the motor cooling water channel of each motor 42 are connected in series or in parallel and then connected in series with the power system water cooling pump 40. In this embodiment, the controller cooling water channel of each controller 41 is connected in series with the motor cooling water channel of the corresponding motor 42, for example, the controller cooling water channel of the travel motor controller is connected in series with the motor cooling water channel of the travel motor. The controller cooling water channel is connected in series with the motor cooling water channel and then connected in parallel with other controller cooling water channels and motor cooling water channels connected in series.

[0026] The water inlet of the power system water cooling pump 40 is connected to the outlet of the cooling water channel of the power system water radiator 44, and the cooling water channel inlet of the power system water radiator 44 is connected to the outlet end of the cooling water channel of the controller cooling water channel and the motor cooling water channel after the cooling water channels are connected in series and parallel. The power system water cooling pump 40 drives the coolant to flow through the controller cooling water channel of each controller 41, the motor cooling water channel of the motor 42, and the power system water radiator 44, forming a cooling circulation loop of the motor and controller water cooling system.

[0027] The cab air conditioning system includes a cab air conditioning compressor 20, a cab air conditioning condenser 21, a cab air conditioning expansion valve 24, and a cab air conditioning evaporator 23 connected in sequence, forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system. A cab air conditioning liquid storage tank 22 is provided on the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system. The cab air conditioning liquid storage tank 22 is arranged on the pipeline between the cab air conditioning expansion valve 24 and the cab air conditioning condenser 21.

[0028] The battery water cooling system includes a battery 10 , a first heat exchanger 11 , a second heat exchanger 12 , an on-off valve 13 , a three-way valve 14 , and a battery water cooling pump 15 .

[0029] The cooling water channel of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected in series with the on-off valve 13 and then in parallel with the cooling water channel of the first heat exchanger 11. The water inlet and outlet ends of the first heat exchanger 11, the second heat exchanger 12 and the on-off valve 13 connected in parallel are connected to the cooling water channel outlet end of the battery 10 and the A port of the three-way valve accordingly. The B port of the three-way valve 14 is connected to the water inlet of the battery water cooling pump 15. The water outlet of the battery water cooling pump 15 is connected to the cooling water channel inlet end of the battery 10, thereby forming a cooling water circulation loop of the battery water cooling system.

[0030] Optionally, in a vehicle that needs to heat the battery system, a water heater 16 is usually configured. The water heater 16 is usually arranged between the battery water cooling pump 15 and the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery 10.

[0031] Optionally, there may be two or more battery water cooling pumps 15 , and each battery water cooling pump 15 is connected in parallel.

[0032] Optionally, the first heat exchanger 11 is composed of more than two sub-heat exchangers, the refrigerant flow channels of each sub-heat exchanger are connected in series, and the cooling water flow channels of each sub-heat exchanger are connected in parallel.

[0033] Optionally, the battery water cooling system further includes a battery water cooling kettle 17 , and the battery water cooling kettle 17 is disposed between an outlet end of a cooling water flow channel of the battery 10 and the first heat exchanger 11 .

[0034] The battery air conditioning system includes a battery air conditioning compressor 30, a battery air conditioning condenser 31, and a first expansion valve 33 connected in sequence. The first expansion valve 33 is connected to the refrigerant flow channel inlet of the first heat exchanger 11, and the refrigerant flow channel outlet of the first heat exchanger 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery air conditioning compressor 30, thereby forming a refrigerant circulation loop of the battery air conditioning system. The battery air conditioning liquid storage tank 32 is arranged on the pipeline between the battery air conditioning condenser 31 and the first expansion valve 33 in the refrigerant circulation loop of the battery air conditioning system.

[0035] In this embodiment, the battery water cooling system is coupled with the cab air-conditioning system, wherein the refrigerant flow channel outlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected to the inlet of the cab air-conditioning compressor 20, and the refrigerant flow channel inlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected to the refrigerant flow channel outlet of the cab air-conditioning condenser 21 through the second expansion valve 25. The second heat exchanger 12 and the second expansion valve 25 connected in series are connected in parallel with the cab air-conditioning evaporator 23 and the cab air-conditioning expansion valve 24 connected in series to form a second branch in the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air-conditioning system (the first branch is composed of the cab air-conditioning evaporator 23 and the cab air-conditioning expansion valve 24 connected in series).

[0036] In this embodiment, the battery water cooling system is also coupled with the motor and controller water cooling system. The cooling water channel inlet of the power system water radiator 44 in the motor and controller water cooling system is connected to the cooling water channel outlet of the battery 10 in the battery water cooling system through a pipeline. The cooling water channel outlet of the power system water radiator 44 is connected to the C port of the three-way valve 14 through a pipeline, and the B port of the three-way valve 14 is selectively connected to the A port or the C port.

[0037] Optionally, the battery air conditioning condenser 31 of the battery air conditioning system and the cab air conditioning condenser 21 of the cab air conditioning system are integrated on the power system water radiator 44 and located in the air duct of the heat dissipation electronic fan 45 of the motor and controller water cooling system.

[0038] In this embodiment, the motor and controller water cooling system is coupled with the battery water cooling system. Most of the time, the A and B ports of the three-way valve 14 are connected, and the C port is closed. The battery water cooling system and the motor and controller water cooling system are independent of each other. The battery air conditioning system controls the temperature of the battery by controlling the coolant temperature of the battery water cooling system. In a low temperature environment, when the battery air conditioning compressor 30 is not started, the C and B ports of the three-way valve 14 are connected, and the A port is closed. The battery cooling water flow channel forms a branch of the cooling water circulation loop of the motor and controller water cooling system, dissipating heat for the battery 10, and preventing the battery from overheating when the vehicle is heavily loaded downhill to charge the battery in a low temperature environment.

[0039] In this embodiment, the on-off valve can be controlled to cool the battery using the cab air conditioning system, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cab air conditioning compressor. In this thermal management system, there are two air conditioning systems, which is less expensive than a thermal management system using three air conditioning systems.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle, comprising a battery water cooling system, a battery air conditioning system, and a cab air conditioning system, characterized in that: The battery water cooling system includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The refrigerant flow channel of the first heat exchanger and the first expansion valve are connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation circuit of the battery air-conditioning system. The refrigerant flow channel of the second heat exchanger and the second expansion valve are connected in series and then connected to the refrigerant circulation circuit of the cab air-conditioning system; the cooling water flow channel of the second heat exchanger is connected in series with the on-off valve and then connected in parallel with the cooling water flow channel of the first heat exchanger to the cooling water circulation circuit of the battery water cooling system.

2. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system, the cab air conditioning evaporator and the cab air conditioning expansion valve are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the second heat exchanger and the second expansion valve connected in series.

3. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger is composed of at least two sub-heat exchangers, the refrigerant flow channels of each sub-heat exchanger are connected in series, and the cooling water flow channels of each sub-heat exchanger are connected in parallel.

4. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thermal management system also includes a motor and controller water cooling system, wherein the cooling water channel inlet of the power system water radiator in the motor and controller water cooling system is connected to the outlet end of the cooling water channel of the battery in the battery water cooling system through a pipeline, and the cooling water channel outlet of the power system water radiator is connected to the C port of the three-way valve through a pipeline, and the A port of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet end of the cooling water channel of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and the B port of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet end of the cooling water channel of the battery in the battery water cooling system; the B port of the three-way valve is selectively connected to the A port or the C port.

5. The thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery water cooling pump in the battery water cooling system is arranged between the B port of the three-way valve and the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the battery.

6. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two battery water cooling pumps connected in parallel.

7. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The battery water cooling system further includes at least one water heater, which is arranged between the battery water cooling pump and an inlet end of a cooling water flow channel of the battery.

8. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power system water cooling pump in the motor and controller water cooling system is connected in series between the inlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the motor and controller connected in series and / or in parallel and the outlet end of the cooling water flow channel of the power system water radiator.

9. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery air conditioning condenser of the battery air conditioning system and the cab air conditioning condenser of the cab air conditioning system are integrated and arranged on the power system water radiator and are located in the air duct of the heat dissipation electronic fan of the motor and controller water cooling system.

10. An electric wide-body vehicle, characterized in that: An electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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