Alarm protection device of dumper lifting mechanism and dumper

Abstract

The utility model discloses an alarm protection device of a dumper lifting mechanism and a dumper, and relates to the technical field of dumper control, the alarm protection device comprises a central power distribution device, a power box and a limit switch; the power box is arranged on the side face of the frame, and the limiting switch is arranged on the inner side of the frame and located below the cargo compartment. Wherein the central power distribution device comprises a first time relay, a second time relay and an alarm device; the power box comprises a power supply and a power relay; the input ends of the first time relay and the second time relay are connected with the output end of the power supply relay, the output end of the first time relay is connected with the alarm device, the output end of the second time relay is connected with a brake cylinder of a driving wheel, and the brake cylinder is connected with a pneumatic electromagnetic valve of the driving wheel; two ends of the limit switch are respectively connected with the power supply and the power relay. The technical problems that in the prior art, the warning effect is poor, the failure rate is high, and audiovisual fatigue of a driver is likely to be caused are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dump truck control, in particular to an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck and a dump truck. Background Art

[0002] A dump truck is a vehicle that unloads goods by itself through hydraulic lifting. It is also called a tipping truck. It consists of a car chassis, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a cargo compartment, and a power take-off device. The compartments of a dump truck are divided into two types: rearward tipping and side tipping. In the civil engineering and transportation industries, dump trucks often work together with construction machinery such as excavators, loaders, and belt conveyors to form a loading, transporting, and unloading production line to load, unload, and transport earth, sand, and bulk materials.

[0003] At present, most dump truck manufacturers in the market have developed and equipped lifting mechanism alarm devices. This type of alarm device has a simple structure and low cost. The working principle is that when the lifting mechanism is in motion, the limit switch installed at the bottom of the cargo box is activated, controlling the buzzer installed in the cab to sound or triggering the instrument light indicating the cargo compartment to light up, reminding the driver of the lifting mechanism status. This type of alarm device has the following disadvantages:

[0004] (1) Poor warning effect. The buzzer is installed on the floor of the cab, with a low decibel level. The noise of the engine under the cab is heavy, causing sound interference. The buzzer and air pressure alarm of some dump trucks are the same model, and the driver is easily confused about the cause of the alarm. The indicator lights on the cargo compartment instrument are clearer at night, but are easily ignored during the day due to the influence of sunlight. The warning effects of these two alarms are poor. When the driver is not focused, he is likely to start driving before the cargo compartment is in place, which may lead to collision and scratch accidents.

[0005] (2) High failure rate. As soon as the dump truck cargo compartment moves, the warning device starts to work, emits a buzzer and lights up the instrument light. When the driver completes unloading the cargo and puts the cargo compartment in place, the alarm is cleared. Port dump trucks operate 24 hours a day, and the number of lifts completed by the dump truck is as high as more than 150 times a day. Each unloading time is about 1 minute. In this way, the sound and light alarm device works for about 150 minutes a day, which greatly reduces its lifespan and has a high failure rate.

[0006] (3) It is easy to cause visual and auditory fatigue to the driver. The driver unloads more than 75 times per shift, and the buzzer and instrument lights work for one minute each time. This working condition is very likely to cause visual and auditory fatigue to the driver. Even if the buzzer works and the instrument lights are on, the driver may not concentrate and the lifting mechanism may not be reset, resulting in a collision accident.

[0007] (4) The intrinsic safety of the equipment cannot be achieved. This type of alarm device only serves as a reminder and does not take active defensive measures. The driver is not affected when walking in the lifted cargo compartment. This is the root cause of collision and scraping accidents. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck and a dump truck in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0009] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an alarm and protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck, which is applied to a dump truck; the dump truck includes a cargo compartment, a frame, a lifting cylinder and a driving wheel; the alarm and protection device includes: a central power distribution device, a power supply box and a limit switch; the power supply box is arranged at the side of the frame, and the limit switch is arranged on the inner side of the frame and located below the cargo compartment; wherein, the central power distribution device includes a first time relay, a second time relay and an alarm device; the power supply box includes a power supply and a power supply relay; the input ends of the first time relay and the second time relay are both connected to the output end of the power supply relay, the output end of the first time relay is connected to the alarm device, and the output end of the second time relay is connected to the brake cylinder of the driving wheel, and the brake cylinder is connected to the pneumatic solenoid valve of the driving wheel; the two ends of the limit switch are respectively connected to the power supply and the power supply relay.

[0010] Furthermore, the alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm.

[0011] Furthermore, the power source includes a battery.

[0012] Furthermore, a fuse box is provided between the power supply and the limit switch, and between the power supply and the power supply relay.

[0013] Furthermore, the limit switch comprises a roller swing arm type travel switch.

[0014] Furthermore, a semicircular cam is arranged at a position above the limit switch at the bottom of the cargo compartment; when the cargo compartment is in a flat state, the semicircular cam presses down the roller swing arm of the limit switch, so that the limit switch is in a disconnected state; when the cargo compartment is in a raised state, the semicircular cam is away from the roller swing arm of the limit switch, so that the limit switch is in a conducting state.

[0015] Furthermore, a limit bracket is fixed on the inner side of the frame, and the limit switch is fixed to the limit bracket by bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the central power distribution device is arranged in the cab of the dump truck.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model further provides a dump truck, comprising the alarm protection device of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck of the first aspect.

[0018] The utility model provides an alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck and a dump truck. On the basis of the original vehicle cargo compartment lifting indicator, an erroneous operation alarm and a forced safety function are added. The function will not be triggered when the driver operates in a standardized manner, but the alarm will be directly activated once an operation error occurs, so that the dump truck lifting mechanism safety protection device can achieve the triple protection functions of status indication, illegal driving and forced shutdown, with good warning effect, reducing the interference of daily operations on the driver, and alleviating the technical problems of poor warning effect, high failure rate and easy auditory and visual fatigue of the driver in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a frame and a cargo compartment of a dump truck provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a braking system for a dump truck provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. dump truck, 2. steering wheel, 3. central power distribution device, 301. first time relay, 302. second time relay, 303. alarm device, 4. power box, 401. fuse box, 402. power relay, 403. control cable, 404. power cable, 405. power supply, 5. driving wheel, 501. brake cylinder, 502. brake adjustment arm, 503. brake S-axis, 504. pneumatic solenoid valve, 6. lifting cylinder, 7. cargo compartment, 701. semicircular cam, 8. frame, 801. limit bracket, 802. limit switch, 803. bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, and the device is applied to a dump truck 1. Figure 1 As shown, the dump truck 1 includes a steering wheel 2, a cargo compartment 7, a frame 8, a lifting cylinder 6 and a driving wheel 5.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 3 1 is a partial structural diagram of a frame and cargo compartment of a dump truck provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1-3 As shown, the alarm protection device includes: a central power distribution device 3, a power box 4 and a limit switch 802; the power box 4 is arranged on the side of the frame 8, and the limit switch 802 is arranged on the inner side of the frame 8 and located below the cargo compartment 7.

[0028] Among them, the central power distribution device 3 includes a first time relay 301, a second time relay 302 and an alarm device 303; the power box 4 includes a power supply 405 and a power relay 402; the input ends of the first time relay 301 and the second time relay 302 are both connected to the output end of the power relay 402, the output end of the first time relay 301 is connected to the alarm device 303, and the output end of the second time relay 302 is connected to the brake cylinder 501 of the driving wheel 5, and the brake cylinder 501 is connected to the pneumatic solenoid valve 504 of the driving wheel 5.

[0029] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, two ends of the limit switch 802 are connected to the power supply 405 and the power supply relay 402 respectively.

[0030] When the cargo compartment 7 is lifted by the lifting cylinder 6, the limit switch 802 is turned on and controls the power relay 402 to operate, and the power supply circuit between the central power distribution device 3 and the power supply 405 is turned on;

[0031] After the first time relay 301 delays the first preset time, if the cargo compartment 7 remains lifted by the lifting cylinder 6, the first time relay 301 is actuated and triggers the alarm device 303 to send out an alarm signal;

[0032] After the second preset delay time, if the cargo compartment 7 remains lifted by the lifting cylinder 6, the second time relay 302 is actuated and triggers the brake cylinder 501 to control the pneumatic solenoid valve 504 to brake the driving wheel 5.

[0033] Preferably, the alarm device 303 includes an audible and visual alarm.

[0034] Preferably, the central power distribution device 3 is disposed in the cab of the dump truck 1 .

[0035] Preferably, the power supply 405 includes a battery. In the embodiment of the utility model, two batteries are used to provide a DC 24V power supply to the whole machine.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a power cable 404 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the dump truck 1. The power cable 404 is led out from the power relay 402 in the power box 4, arranged along the inner side of the frame 8, and finally reaches the central power distribution device 3 in the cab of the dump truck 1. The central power distribution device 3, as the command core of the dump truck 1, integrates the on-board electronic control system. The core control components of the device, the first time relay 301 and the second time relay 302, are arranged in the central power distribution device 3. Among them, the first time relay 301 receives the input signal of the power cable 404, and after a set delay, it detects the real-time status of the lifting cylinder 6 and the cargo compartment 7 again, and outputs a control signal to the alarm device 303. The alarm device 303 is arranged on one side of the central power distribution device 3, that is, in front of the right side of the driver, which is very easy to attract the driver's attention.

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a brake system for a dump truck according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 4 As shown, the output signal of the second time relay 302 is transmitted to the brake cylinder 501 of the drive axle through the power cable 404, and the pneumatic solenoid valve 504 is controlled to operate, so that the brake system of the drive wheel 5 begins to enter the working state. Optionally, the double-chamber brake cylinder is provided with two interfaces A and B. The air source of the A port comes from the hand brake relay valve. When the air pressure reaches the specified value, the double-chamber cylinder overcomes the braking force and releases the brake. The air source of the B port comes from the foot brake relay valve. When the vehicle brake is applied, the air pressure of the B port pushes the brake cylinder 501 to apply the braking force. Optionally, the pneumatic solenoid valve 504 is a 6mm diameter switch. When it is activated, the air pressure of the A port will be exhausted through the solenoid valve 504, so that the brake cylinder 501 drives the brake adjustment arm 502 to operate, and then the brake S shaft 503 rotates, and the shoe roller drives the brake shoe to expand, so as to achieve slow braking of the four drive wheels 5.

[0038] Specifically, the braking form of the driving wheel 5 is a dual-circuit drum brake, that is, the action of the dual-chamber brake cylinder 501 is controlled by two relay valves installed on the inner side of the frame 8. When the whole machine has no air source, the driving wheel 5 is in a brake lock state. When the air source reaches the rated value, the parking brake is released, and the parking relay valve opens the air source channel to release the brake. The pneumatic solenoid valve 504 in the device is actuated, and the air source of the A port of the brake cylinder 501 begins to leak slowly. When the air pressure is lower than 0.6Mpa, the vehicle begins to brake and decelerate obviously. When the air pressure of the four brake cylinders 501 is completely leaked, the driving wheel 5 is in a full braking state, and the equipment stops immediately.

[0039] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, a fuse box 401 is provided between the power supply 405 and the limit switch 802, and between the power supply 405 and the power supply relay 402, to ensure the safety of the control circuit and the power supply circuit of the whole device. Optionally, a 5 ampere fuse or a 20 ampere fuse is provided in the fuse box 401.

[0040] Specifically, the power supply 405 supplies power to the control circuit through a 5-ampere fuse, and is arranged to the limit switch 802 through the inner side of the frame 8. When the lifting cylinder 6 drives the cargo compartment 7 to move, the limit switch 802 is actuated, and the control cable 403 feeds back an electrical signal to the power relay 402 of the power box 4. The power relay 402 is actuated, and the power supply 405 supplies power to the power cable 404 through a 20-ampere fuse, reaching the first time relay 301 and the second time relay 302, and the device starts the delayed alarm and delayed braking protection functions.

[0041] Preferably, the limit switch 802 comprises a roller swing arm type travel switch.

[0042] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a semicircular cam 701 is arranged at the bottom of the cargo compartment 7 directly above the limit switch 802 .

[0043] When the cargo compartment 7 is in a flat state, the semicircular cam 701 presses the roller swing arm of the limit switch 802 downward, so that the limit switch 802 is in an off state;

[0044] When the cargo compartment 7 is in the raised state, the semicircular cam 701 is away from the roller swing arm of the limit switch 802, so that the limit switch 802 is in the on state.

[0045] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, a limit bracket 801 is fixed on the inner side of the frame 8 , and a limit switch 802 is fixed on the limit bracket 801 by bolts 803 .

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiment of the utility model, a limit switch 802 is provided on the inner side of the frame 8, which is a roller swing arm type travel switch, and is fixed to the limit bracket 801 by 4 M5 stainless steel bolts. The limit bracket 801 is welded to the inner side of the frame 8 of the dump truck 1. The limit bracket 801 is a rectangular structure with round holes of 50 mm in diameter at both ends to facilitate the transmission of the control cable 403. The back plate is provided with bolt holes to facilitate the embedding and installation of the limit switch 802 inside the limit bracket 801. This design plays a good protective role and avoids malfunctions caused by human scratching of the limit switch during maintenance operations.

[0047] After the limit switch 802 is installed in place, the uppermost end of the roller swing arm is flush with the upper edge of the frame 8, and a semicircular cam 701 is installed at the lower part of the cargo compartment 7. When the cargo compartment 7 is in the placed state and the lifting cylinder 6 is not in action, the semicircular cam 701 at the lower part of the cargo compartment 7 presses the roller swing arm of the limit switch 802 down by 15 degrees, and the limit switch 802 is in the action state. At this time, the control cable has no voltage output, and the whole device is in the non-working state. When the lifting cylinder 6 is displaced, the cargo compartment 7 is lifted, the semicircular cam 701 deviates from the limit switch 802, the limit switch 802 is reset, the power supply 405 outputs a 24V control voltage, and the system enters the working timing state.

[0048] Preferably, the roller swing arm type travel switch is an adjustable swing arm structure with a swing range of 90 degrees to the left and right, and the roller can rotate freely 360 degrees. This design ensures the life of the limit switch 802, avoids early wear due to fixed point contact, and reduces failures such as swing arm breakage caused by the accumulation of foreign matter.

[0049] The working principle of an alarm and protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck provided by an embodiment of the utility model is as follows: first, the dump truck 1 arrives at the designated unloading area, the driver operates the power take-off switch, and then operates the lifting switch of the cargo compartment 7, the lifting cylinder 6 drives the cargo compartment 7 to slowly rise, and the semicircular cam 701 under the cargo compartment 7 begins to separate from the roller of the limit switch 802. At this time, the limit switch 802 is in a reset state, and its normally closed contacts are closed. The control cable 403 from the power box 4 is fed back to the power relay 402 in the power box 4 through the normally closed contacts of the limit switch 802, the power relay 402 is actuated, and the 24V power supply from the battery reaches the main contacts of the power relay 402 through the 20 ampere fuse, and reaches the first time relay 301 and the second time relay 302 in the central distribution device 3 through the power cable 404, and begins to enter the delay stage of the sound and light alarm and active protection function.

[0050] The time setting of the first time relay 301 and the second time relay 302 varies according to the type and application scenario of the dump truck. Taking unloading for 1 minute as an example, when the driver completes the unloading action, he should first operate the lifting and lowering switch to lower the cargo compartment to the initial position, then turn off the power take-off switch, and finally operate the driving system to start the next loading and unloading cycle. When the cargo compartment falls to the initial position within 1 minute, the semicircular cam 701 at the bottom of the cargo compartment 7 touches the limit switch 802, its normally closed contact is disconnected, the control cable 403 cuts off the feedback voltage, the power relay 402 is powered off, and the power cable 404 has no voltage output. When the 1-minute delay is reached, the first time relay 301 is activated, but there is no power input, so the sound and light alarm cannot be started.

[0051] Assume that after the driver has completed the unloading operation, he ignores the state of the cargo compartment 7 and starts driving without operating the lifting and lowering switch. At this time, the power relay 402 is in the power supply state, and the first time relay 301 is activated when it reaches 1 minute, controlling the sound and light alarm to operate, emitting a red ear sound of up to 120 decibels, and at the same time, high-frequency flashing dazzling light reminds the driver to park immediately. The driver should stop the car immediately and operate the lifting control handle until the cargo compartment 7 drops to the initial position, the alarm is eliminated, and the equipment enters the normal standby state.

[0052] Due to the different specifications of the lifting cylinders, cargo box sizes and hydraulic systems of different types of dump trucks, the time taken for the cargo box to fall is also different. Taking the falling time of 10 seconds as an example, when the sound and light alarm installed in the cab is ignored by the driver again, after a delay of 10 seconds, the second time relay 302 is actuated, and the pneumatic solenoid valve 504 installed on the drive axle is controlled by the power cable 404 to actuate, and the parking relay valve is used to control the A port air source of the double-chamber brake cylinder 501 for release. It takes 5 seconds for the 6mm diameter air source to release the air source of the four brake cylinders, which is equivalent to 5 seconds of slowly applying the braking force to the drive wheel 5, so that the dump truck can be parked safely and smoothly.

[0053] Finally, after the dump truck is forced to stop, the only way for the driver to release the brake is to reset the cargo compartment 7 to the initial state, and the lower semicircular cam 701 of the cargo compartment 7 acts on the limit switch 802, thereby cutting off the control power supply, resetting the power relay 402, resetting all electrical equipment, stopping the sound and light alarm, and disconnecting the pneumatic solenoid valve 504. The air source from the parking relay valve stops discharging, and acts on the brake cylinder push rod through the A port of the brake cylinder 501, driving the brake adjustment arm 502 to move, and the brake S shaft 503 drives the brake shoe to reset, and the brake drum and brake pad return to the brake release state, and the driver can drive and enter the subsequent work. The device solves the thorny problems that plague the safety of dump trucks from three levels: driver operation errors, system alarm reminders and rectifications, and mandatory safety, completely eliminates the collision and scraping accidents of the lifting mechanism, and truly realizes the inherent safety of the equipment.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0055] 1. The tipping mechanism alarm protection device provided by the embodiment of the utility model fundamentally changes the traditional tipping mechanism status indication and sound and light alarm functions. Due to the high frequency of dump truck operation, the traditional alarm system is very likely to cause visual and auditory fatigue to the driver, and lose the warning function, thus causing frequent accidents. The new tipping mechanism alarm protection device will not be triggered when the driver operates in a standardized manner, but will be directly activated once an operation error occurs, with a good warning effect, reducing the interference of daily operations on the driver.

[0056] 2. Based on the original vehicle cargo compartment lifting indicator, the utility model adds erroneous operation alarm and forced safety functions, so that the dump truck lifting mechanism safety protection device achieves the triple protection functions of status indication, illegal driving and forced shutdown, realizing the inherent safety of the equipment.

[0057] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a dump truck, including an alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of the dump truck provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

[0058] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0059] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An alarm protection device for a lifting mechanism of a dump truck, applied to a dump truck; the dump truck comprises a cargo compartment, a frame, a lifting cylinder and a driving wheel; characterized in that: The alarm protection device includes: a central power distribution device, a power box and a limit switch; the power box is arranged on the side of the frame, and the limit switch is arranged on the inner side of the frame and located below the cargo compartment; wherein, The central power distribution device includes a first time relay, a second time relay and an alarm device; the power supply box includes a power supply and a power supply relay; the input ends of the first time relay and the second time relay are both connected to the output end of the power supply relay; The output end of the first time relay is connected to the alarm device, the output end of the second time relay is connected to the brake cylinder of the driving wheel, and the brake cylinder is connected to the pneumatic solenoid valve of the driving wheel; Two ends of the limit switch are connected to the power supply and the power relay respectively.

2. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device comprises an audible and visual alarm.

3. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source includes a battery.

4. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fuse box is arranged between the power supply and the limit switch, and between the power supply and the power supply relay.

5. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit switch comprises a roller swing arm type travel switch.

6. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: A semicircular cam is arranged at the bottom of the cargo compartment directly above the limit switch; When the cargo compartment is in a flat state, the semicircular cam presses down the roller swing arm of the limit switch, so that the limit switch is in an off state; When the cargo compartment is in a raised state, the semicircular cam is away from the roller swing arm of the limit switch, so that the limit switch is in a conducting state.

7. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit bracket is fixed on the inner side of the frame, and the limit switch is fixed on the limit bracket by bolts.

8. The alarm protection device for the lifting mechanism of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central power distribution device is arranged in the cab of the dump truck.

9. A dump truck, characterized in that: The invention comprises the alarm protection device of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck as claimed in claim 1.

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