Elevator car elevator online monitoring and fault diagnosis device based on vibration signals

Abstract

The utility model discloses a car elevator online monitoring and fault diagnosis device based on vibration signals, which comprises a vibration signal acquisition module used for acquiring the vibration signals of a plurality of parts in the operation process of an elevator; the multiple parts comprise a dragging motor, a turbine mechanism, a pulley and a lift car body. According to the utility model, the vibration acceleration sensors are arranged on each key part of the car elevator, i.e., vibration signals of a plurality of parts are collected and processed at the same time, and the extracted real-time extracted fault features and the features of the elevator in a running state are compared and analyzed; and finally, real-time online monitoring of the elevator operation state can be achieved, the elevator operation reliability is effectively improved, fault diagnosis and accurate fault positioning can be achieved for key parts of the elevator, the elevator can be maintained and managed in a targeted mode, and the elevator operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of equipment detection, and in particular to an online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator based on vibration signals. Background Art

[0002] With the emergence of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, elevators are constantly developing towards high lift and high speed, but the problem of elevator vibration has become more and more prominent, causing a significant impact on people's travel safety.

[0003] During the entire operation process, the excessive mechanical vibration and impact generated by the elevator will not only affect the working performance of the elevator, but also generate additional dynamic loads on its traction system, thus shortening the service life of the elevator; and the strong vibration will also affect the normal operation of the instruments on the elevator car, shorten the life of the precision instruments and seriously affect their accuracy, making the elevator unable to level in place, leading to safety accidents, etc. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the current status of elevator vibration monitoring, which mainly includes the monitoring of the performance of the car, guide rails, traction ropes, etc.

[0004] At present, online monitoring and fault diagnosis of elevator cars usually focus on the operating status of a certain part, or use a certain signal processing module for signal processing, which cannot effectively reflect the performance of the entire elevator. However, due to its changeable working conditions and many potential fault sources, it is difficult to accurately locate the fault. It is difficult to use a single sensor signal and signal processing module to effectively monitor and diagnose the fault of the elevator car. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the technical problem that the elevator vibration monitoring accuracy is low due to the use of a single vibration signal in the prior art, the utility model proposes an online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator based on a vibration signal.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vibration signal-based online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator comprises a vibration signal acquisition module for acquiring vibration signals of multiple components during elevator operation; the multiple components include a traction motor, a turbine mechanism, a pulley and a car body.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a signal analysis module;

[0009] The output end of the vibration signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the signal transmission module, the output end of the signal transmission module is connected to the input end of the signal processing module, and the output end of the signal processing module is connected to the input end of the signal analysis module.

[0010] Preferably, the signal transmission module includes wired or wireless; wired includes Ethernet and USB; wireless includes WIFI, Bluetooth and mobile network.

[0011] Preferably, the signal processing module is used to process the vibration signal using an existing algorithm to extract the fault characteristic signal of the monitored elevator component.

[0012] Preferably, the existing algorithms include an adaptive resonance demodulation algorithm, a synchronous averaging algorithm and an empirical mode decomposition algorithm.

[0013] Preferably, a first threshold and a second threshold are provided in the signal analysis module, and when the fault characteristic value exceeds the first threshold, a warning signal is issued; when the fault characteristic value exceeds the second threshold, an alarm signal is issued.

[0014] Preferably, the first threshold is the sum of the mean of the fault characteristic reference signal obtained at each monitoring point and 3δ, and the second threshold is the sum of the mean of the fault characteristic reference signal obtained at each monitoring point and 6δ, where δ is the standard deviation of the reference signal obtained at each monitoring point.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes an alarm module for sending early warning signals and alarm signals to the user.

[0016] Preferably, the vibration signal acquisition module includes a first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and a sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor;

[0017] Among them, the first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing end covers at both ends of the traction motor; the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing on one side of the worm; the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the bearing on one side of the worm wheel; the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the pulley above the elevator car body; the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the vertical surface of the car body; the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the horizontal surface of the car body.

[0018] Preferably, the first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the first vibration signal collector; the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the second vibration signal collector; and the output end of the first vibration signal collector and the output end of the second vibration signal collector are respectively connected to the input end of the signal transmission module.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model provides a method of arranging vibration acceleration sensors on key components of a car elevator, that is, collecting and processing vibration signals of multiple components at the same time, and comparing and analyzing the extracted real-time fault characteristics with the characteristics under the elevator running state. Finally, not only can the real-time online monitoring of the elevator running state be realized, effectively improving the reliability of the elevator operation, but also fault diagnosis and accurate fault location can be realized for the key components of the elevator, so that the elevator can be maintained and managed in a targeted manner, reducing the elevator operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an exemplary online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator based on vibration signals according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an exemplary vibration signal acquisition module according to the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides an online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator based on vibration signals, comprising a vibration signal acquisition module, a signal transmission module, a signal processing module, a signal analysis module, and an alarm module.

[0026] In this embodiment, the output end of the vibration signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the signal transmission module, the output end of the signal transmission module is connected to the input end of the signal processing module, the output end of the signal processing module is connected to the input end of the signal analysis module, and the output end of the signal analysis module is connected to the input end of the early warning module.

[0027] Among them, the vibration signal acquisition module is used to obtain the vibration signals of key components during the operation of the elevator; the key components include the traction motor, turbine mechanism, pulley and car body;

[0028] A signal transmission module is used to transmit the vibration signal to the signal processing module via wired (Ethernet and USB) or wireless (WIFI, Bluetooth and mobile network);

[0029] A signal processing module, used to process the vibration signal using an existing algorithm to extract the fault characteristic value (i.e., fault characteristic signal) of the monitored elevator components;

[0030] The signal analysis module is used to compare the extracted fault characteristic value with the corresponding threshold value; if the fault characteristic value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, a warning signal is sent to the warning module; if the fault characteristic value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, an alarm signal is sent to the warning module; if the fault characteristic value is less than the threshold value, the next set of fault characteristic values ​​is compared;

[0031] The alarm module is used to receive and display in real time the fault characteristic values ​​of each component extracted by the signal processing module and the fault diagnosis results of each monitored component obtained by the signal analysis module, and push the early warning and alarm signals obtained by the analysis to relevant staff in real time via text messages, and issue sound and light alarm prompts at the same time.

[0032] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the vibration signal acquisition module includes a first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and a sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing end covers at both ends of the traction motor; the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing on one side of the worm; the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the bearing on one side of the worm wheel; the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the pulley above the elevator car body (each pulley can be installed); the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the vertical surface of the car body; the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the horizontal surface of the car body.

[0034] Among them, the traction motor and the worm gear transmission system share a first vibration signal collector, and the pulley traction system and the car body share a second vibration signal collector; that is, the first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the first vibration signal collector, and the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the second vibration signal collector; the output end of the first vibration signal collector and the output end of the second vibration signal collector are respectively connected to the input end of the signal transmission module.

[0035] In this embodiment, the signal processing module, the signal analysis module and the early warning module may exist independently or may be deployed in a server.

[0036] In this embodiment, the signal processing module is deployed with existing fault feature value extraction algorithms, including an adaptive resonance demodulation algorithm, a synchronous averaging algorithm and an empirical mode decomposition algorithm; for example, the adaptive resonance demodulation algorithm is used to process the picked-up motor vibration signal; the worm gear fault feature extraction algorithm uses the adaptive resonance demodulation technology to extract the bearing fault features, and uses the synchronous averaging technology to extract the gear fault features; the car body abnormal vibration fault feature extraction algorithm eliminates the influence of accidental shocks and basic vibrations by processing the picked-up original vibration signal with the empirical mode decomposition algorithm to obtain the optimal component.

[0037] It is worth noting that the fault feature value extraction algorithm belongs to the prior art and is not the invention of this application, so it will not be elaborated here; other methods can also be used to process the vibration signal (refer to other patents: CN114692506A).

[0038] In this embodiment, the vibration signal of each component picked up during the normal operation of the elevator is used as the reference signal, and the corresponding characteristic signal is extracted as the fault characteristic reference signal; then the 3δ rule is used, δ is the standard deviation, when it exceeds the sum of the mean value of the fault characteristic reference signal obtained at each monitoring point (i.e., component) and 3δ (the first threshold), it is judged that there is a fault in the part, and a conclusion is drawn that the equipment is warned; if the fault continues to worsen and exceeds the sum of the mean value of the fault characteristic reference signal and 6δ (the second threshold), an alarm will be issued for the part.

[0039] In this embodiment, the fault characteristic reference signal of each monitoring point is obtained when the equipment is in normal operation (no fault), δ is the standard deviation of the reference signal obtained at each monitoring point, and each monitoring point is individually set with a threshold for early warning and alarm.

[0040] The alarm module can display the fault characteristic signals of each monitoring point (component) in real time, and can intuitively view the real-time operating status of the equipment. It can also display the early warning and alarm information in real time, and push the analyzed early warning and alarm information in real time via SMS. Management and maintenance personnel can formulate targeted maintenance plans for elevators based on the results of elevator analysis and diagnosis, and realize predictive maintenance, which can greatly reduce the economic losses caused by over-maintenance and under-maintenance and avoid major accidents such as casualties.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a car elevator based on vibration signals, characterized in that , including a vibration signal acquisition module, which is used to obtain vibration signals of multiple components during the operation of the elevator; the multiple components include a traction motor, a turbine mechanism, a pulley and a car body.

2. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals according to claim 1, characterized in that ,also includes a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a signal analysis module; The output end of the vibration signal acquisition module is connected to the input end of the signal transmission module, the output end of the signal transmission module is connected to the input end of the signal processing module, and the output end of the signal processing module is connected to the input end of the signal analysis module.

3. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The signal transmission module includes wired or wireless; wired includes Ethernet and USB; wireless includes WIFI, Bluetooth and mobile network.

4. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that ,The signal processing module is used to process the vibration signal using ,existing algorithms and extract the fault characteristic signals of the ,monitored elevator components.

5. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that ,The existing algorithms include adaptive resonance demodulation algorithm, synchronous averaging algorithm and ,empirical mode decomposition algorithm.

6. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that ,The signal analysis module is provided with a first threshold and a second threshold. When the fault characteristic value exceeds the first threshold, a warning signal is issued; when the fault characteristic value exceeds the second threshold, an alarm signal is issued.

7. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that , the first threshold is the sum of the mean of the fault feature reference signal obtained at each monitoring point and 3δ, and the second threshold is the sum of the mean of the fault feature reference signal obtained at each monitoring point and 6δ, where δ is the standard deviation of the reference signal obtained at each monitoring point.

8. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that ,It also includes an alarm module, which is used to send early warning signals and alarm signals to users.

9. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that , the vibration signal acquisition module includes a first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, a fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and a sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor; Among them, the first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing end covers at both ends of the traction motor; the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the vertical direction of the bearing on one side of the worm; the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the bearing on one side of the worm wheel; the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed at the pulley above the elevator car body; the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the vertical surface of the car body; the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor is installed on the horizontal surface of the car body.

10. The device for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a car elevator based on vibration signals according to claim 9, characterized in that The first three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the second three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the third three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the first vibration signal collector; the fourth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, the fifth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor, and the sixth three-axis vibration acceleration sensor are respectively connected to the input end of the second vibration signal collector; the output end of the first vibration signal collector and the output end of the second vibration signal collector are respectively connected to the input end of the signal transmission module.

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