Power divider and signal transmission equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a power divider and signal transmission equipment, and the power divider comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line correspond to the same signal input end and correspond to different signal output ends. The first transmission line and the second transmission line are preset signal transmission lines; the preset signal transmission line is a signal transmission line prepared and formed based on a preset superconducting component; the transmission arms of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are respectively provided with a plurality of heating tuning structures. And the plurality of heating tuning structures are used for starting or stopping heating based on the driving instruction, so that certain temperature distribution is formed on the transmission line, and the corresponding working state of the power divider is correspondingly adjusted. Through the power divider provided by the invention, the loss during signal transmission can be reduced, and the power divider is particularly suitable for the field needing high-power and low-noise microwave signal transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of signal transmission, and in particular to a power divider and a signal transmission device thereof. Background Art

[0002] A power divider is an electrical component whose main function is to distribute input power to multiple output ports, or to combine the power of multiple input ports into one output port. The power dividers in the prior art mainly include microwave coaxial power dividers, microwave waveguide power dividers, planar circuit power dividers, etc.

[0003] However, when the signal transmission line in the power divider in the current technology is transmitting signals, due to the existence of resistance in the signal transmission line, the loss is very serious when transmitting high-power microwave signals, and it will generate heat and cause failure; or the current signal transmission line needs to be implemented on a substrate or circuit board, and the introduction of a substrate or circuit board will cause more power transmission loss and cannot meet the high-quality signal transmission requirements; and the power divider in the current technology cannot achieve tuning of the input signal. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to overcome the defects of the power divider in the prior art that there is a large loss and cannot be tuned when realizing signal transmission, and to provide a power divider and a signal transmission device.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a power divider is provided, the power divider comprising: a first transmission line, a second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line corresponding to the same signal input end, and corresponding to different signal output ends;

[0007] Wherein, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are both preset signal transmission lines;

[0008] The preset signal transmission line is a signal transmission line prepared based on a preset superconducting component, wherein the preset superconducting component includes metals or compounds corresponding to Group III and V element compounds and Group IB (copper sub) elements in the periodic table and / or rare earth metals;

[0009] The transmission arms of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are also provided with a plurality of heating and tuning structures respectively;

[0010] The heating tuning structures are used to turn on or off the heating based on the driving instructions to adjust the corresponding working state of the power divider.

[0011] Preferably, the preset superconducting transmission line comprises, from inside to outside: a metal core including a preset superconducting component, an insulating layer and a metal layer;

[0012] A plurality of the heating tuning structures are arranged on the outer surface of the metal layer.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the heating and tuning structures are arranged at equal intervals on the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

[0014] Preferably, the heating tuning structure is a thin film resistor.

[0015] Preferably, the power divider further comprises: a balancing resistor;

[0016] The first end of the balancing resistor is disposed on one of the heating tuning structures on the first transmission line;

[0017] The second end of the balancing resistor is disposed on one of the heating tuning structures on the second transmission line.

[0018] Preferably, the power divider further comprises a first coaxial connector, a second coaxial connector and a third coaxial connector;

[0019] Wherein, the first coaxial connector is connected to the signal input end;

[0020] The second coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the first transmission line;

[0021] The third coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the second transmission line.

[0022] Preferably, the metal corresponding to the IB group element is any one of gold, silver and copper.

[0023] Preferably, the rare earth metal corresponds to any one of polonium, niobium and lutetium.

[0024] Preferably, the compound corresponding to the IB group element is a nitride or oxide of the IB group;

[0025] or,

[0026] The III-V group compound is any one of aluminum gallium arsenide AlGaAs, indium gallium arsenide InGaAs, and indium gallium arsenide phosphide InGaAsP.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising the power divider described in the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0028] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] The positive and progressive effects of this disclosure are:

[0030] The signal transmission line in the power divider provided by the present disclosure is prepared based on a preset superconducting component, so that the transmission resistance in the power divider is close to zero, which greatly reduces the loss during signal transmission; and the power divider provided by the present disclosure can also be applied to high-power, low-impedance power division fields, such as radar, communication, low-noise amplifier, etc., so that the power capacity, efficiency, and noise characteristics are greatly improved during signal transmission in different fields. In addition, through the setting of heating tuning, the phase characteristics of room temperature superconductivity can be changed during heating, thereby changing the phase of the power divider transmission arm, so as to change the operating frequency, power division ratio, etc. of the power divider, so that the power divider can be adjusted to the corresponding working state to meet higher signal transmission requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power divider in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present disclosure is further described below by way of examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0033] At present, the input end of the microwave coaxial power divider is separated by two coaxial lines, which are connected to the output end by a resistor and then output separately; however, the metal core in the signal transmission line inside the microwave coaxial power divider has resistance. When transmitting high-power microwave signals, the loss is very serious and it will generate heat, leading to failure. This transmission loss becomes more and more serious with the increase of frequency.

[0034] At present, microwave waveguide power splitters use cavity waveguides as a microwave transmission method, and use pins or partitions inserted into the microwave cavity to act as a balanced resistor to isolate microwave signals from different output ports; and the microwave waveguide power splitter transceiver circuit usually uses a coaxial connector to output microwave signals, so it is necessary to use a converter at at least one end of the waveguide to convert the coaxial to waveguide microwave signal. Due to the existence of the converter, the insertion loss of the waveguide power splitter is very large.

[0035] Currently, planar circuit power dividers require microwave transmission lines implemented on semiconductor substrates or circuit boards. However, due to the dielectric loss of the semiconductor substrate or circuit board, the power capacity is lower than that of the microwave coaxial power divider at the same frequency.

[0036] A superconductor is a conductor that has a resistivity close to zero under certain temperature and pressure conditions, which means that it can transmit current without loss. This condition is usually at least one of low temperature and high pressure.

[0037] However, the main difficulties in realizing microwave superconducting power divider technology in the prior art are: lack of suitable room temperature superconducting materials as transmission media; current high temperature superconducting materials have not yet reached the level of room temperature in terms of operating temperature, and require low temperature or high pressure, or both, which is very inconvenient for the use of power dividers; superconducting materials lack the necessary ductility; the transmission medium in the power divider needs to achieve functions such as one-to-two division and bending. The coaxial power divider in the prior art uses metal materials such as Cu copper and has ductility, but the current superconducting materials are usually semiconductors formed by more than three elements, and the metal core is made of semiconductors of more than three elements, which cannot be as ductile as metals such as copper and lacks the necessary ductility.

[0038] Based on the above problems, the present invention designs a power divider and a signal transmission device, which are as follows:

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a power divider is provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the power divider includes: a first transmission line 100, a second transmission line 200, and the first transmission line 100 and the second transmission line 200 correspond to the same signal input end and correspond to different signal output ends. That is, the signal input end is a T-shaped one-to-two branch structure.

[0041] Among them, the first transmission line 100 and the second transmission line 200 are both preset signal transmission lines; the preset signal transmission lines are signal transmission lines prepared based on preset superconducting components, and the preset superconducting components include compounds of elements of Groups III and V in the periodic table, and metals and / or rare earth metals corresponding to Group IB elements; or compounds and / or rare earth metals corresponding to Group IB elements; the transmission arms of the first transmission line 100 and the second transmission line 200 are also respectively provided with a plurality of heating tuning structures 300; the plurality of heating tuning structures 300 are used to turn on or off heating based on a driving instruction to adjust the corresponding working state of the power divider.

[0042] The signal transmission line in the power divider provided by the present disclosure is prepared based on a preset superconducting component, so that the transmission resistance in the power divider is close to zero, which greatly reduces the loss during signal transmission; and the power divider provided by the present disclosure can also be applied to high-power, low-impedance power division fields, such as radar, communication, low-noise amplifiers and receivers, etc., so that the power capacity, efficiency and noise characteristics during signal transmission in different fields are greatly improved.

[0043] The preset superconducting transmission line in the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises, from the inside to the outside: a metal core including a preset superconducting component, an insulating layer and a metal layer; and a plurality of the heating tuning structures are arranged on the outer surface of the metal layer.

[0044] Among them, the metal core is pressed by metals or compounds corresponding to Group III and V element compounds and Group IB element in the periodic table. The Group III and V element compounds produce strong internal electric fields and strong internal stress fields due to lattice mismatch. The microenvironment formed by the Group III and V element compounds is equivalent to the high-pressure environment required for high-temperature superconducting materials, so that the formed metal core has a higher pressure inside, which provides pressure conditions for realizing room temperature high-pressure superconducting properties. Group IB elements such as copper Cu are equivalent to being in a high-pressure environment in this environment. If a certain pressure is applied externally, the strong polar electric field and force field inside the material are further strengthened, reaching the critical pressure required for Group IB elements such as copper Cu compounds to achieve superconductivity. Therefore, the metal core can produce room temperature superconducting properties.

[0045] In a first specific implementation manner, the preset superconducting component may be formed by compounds of Group III and V elements, and metals corresponding to Group IB elements.

[0046] In a second specific implementation manner, the preset superconducting component may be formed by compounds of Group III and V elements, and compounds corresponding to Group IB elements.

[0047] In a third specific implementation, the preset superconducting component may be formed of compounds of Group III and V elements, metals corresponding to Group IB elements, and rare earth metals.

[0048] In a fourth specific implementation, the preset superconducting component may be formed of compounds of Group III and V elements, compounds corresponding to Group IB elements, and rare earth metals.

[0049] The metal core is used to create a superconducting environment for signal transmission.

[0050] An insulating layer and a metal layer are sequentially coated on the outside of the metal core from the inside to the outside to form a signal transmission line.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the metals corresponding to the IB group elements are gold, silver, copper, etc., the rare earth metals corresponding to the IB group elements are polonium, niobium, lutetium, etc., and the metals or compounds corresponding to the IB group elements account for 10% to 30% of the preset superconducting component, so that the signal transmission line prepared by the preparation method has higher ductility and is convenient for wire drawing.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound corresponding to the IB group element is a nitride or oxide of the IB group; or, the compound of the III-V group element is any one of aluminum gallium arsenide AlGaAs, indium gallium arsenic InGaAs, and indium gallium arsenic phosphide InGaAsP.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, when the III-V group element compound is Al y Ga z As aWhen , the typical ratio is y = 0.3 ~ 0.7, z = 0.7 ~ 0.3, y + z = a. For example, when a = 1, Al 0.3 Ga 0.7 As, or Al 0.3 Ga 0.7 As are applicable.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound corresponding to the IB group element is copper nitride or copper oxide. x N b Cu x O b The typical ratio of Cu and N or O is: x = 0.2 ~ 0.4, b = 0.5 ~ 0.7. 0.3 N 0.7 or Cu 0.3 O 0.7 .

[0055] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the compound of group III-V elements generates a strong internal electric field and a strong internal stress field due to lattice mismatch. The microscopic environment formed by the compound of group III-V elements is equivalent to the high-pressure environment required for high-temperature superconducting materials, so that the interior of the formed metal core has a relatively high pressure, providing pressure conditions for realizing room-temperature high-pressure superconducting properties. Group IB elements such as copper (Cu) in this environment are equivalent to being in a high-pressure environment. If a certain amount of external pressure is applied, the strong polar electric field and force field inside the material are further strengthened, reaching the critical pressure required for Group IB elements such as copper (Cu) compounds to achieve superconductivity, so that the compound can produce room-temperature superconducting properties.

[0056] The superconducting material proposed in the present disclosure, wherein the compound of the three or five group elements, typically gallium aluminum nitrogen arsenic AlGaAsN, is in the form of a single crystal in the preform. The typical growth method is to wrap and grow the preform composed of the five elements of copper gallium aluminum nitrogen arsenic proposed in the present disclosure layer by layer on an extremely thin (within 10 microns in diameter) single crystal metal wire (such as copper, gold, aluminum) by vapor phase epitaxy (typically MOCVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (typically MBE). The preform is in the form of a single crystal, which ensures the current density passing through and is practical.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the steps of sequentially covering an insulating layer and a metal layer from the inside to the outside of a metal core of a preset superconducting component to form a signal transmission line include:

[0058] Under preset preparation parameters, the metal core and the insulating sleeve disposed on the outer surface of the metal core are processed to form a first transmission line.

[0059] One end or two sections of the first transmission line are subjected to a drawing process to form a second transmission line.

[0060] A metal layer is formed by coating the outer surface of the second transmission line with metal to form a signal transmission line.

[0061] The preset preparation parameter corresponds to at least one of a preset air pressure, a preset temperature, and a preset rotation speed.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the preset air pressure is greater than or equal to 10 standard atmospheres; and / or the preset temperature is greater than or equal to 2500 degrees Celsius; and / or the preset rotation speed is greater than or equal to 100 revolutions per second. By preparing the signal transmission line under the preset preparation parameters, the prepared signal transmission line has superconductivity, so as to achieve greatly reduced power loss during signal transmission.

[0063] The step of performing a wire drawing process on one or both ends of the first transmission line to form the second transmission line includes:

[0064] A wire drawing process is performed on one or both ends of the first transmission line using a preset drawing speed.

[0065] In a specific implementation manner, the preset traction speed is 10 m / s.

[0066] The wire drawing diameter of the first transmission line during the wire drawing process is obtained, and the wire drawing is stopped until the wire drawing diameter meets a preset range to form a second transmission line.

[0067] The step of coating the outer surface of the second transmission line with metal to form a metal layer to form a signal transmission line also includes: coating the outer surface of the second transmission line with metal to form a metal layer, and cooling and solidifying the metal layer to form a signal transmission line.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the material of the metal layer coated on the outer surface of the second transmission line is copper, gold, silver, etc. By coating the metal layer on the outer surface of the second transmission line, a ground loop is formed outside the insulating layer, thereby improving the reliability of the signal transmission line.

[0069] The material of the insulating sleeve in the embodiment of the present disclosure is quartz material; and / or, during the preparation process, the corresponding cross-section when the insulating layer is coated on the outer side of the metal core is circular. Since the insulating sleeve made of quartz material shrinks more after cooling, it can ensure that the superconducting coaxial core is in a high-voltage working state at room temperature, thereby ensuring the superconducting characteristics.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the insulating layer is an insulating sleeve, and the material of the insulating sleeve is quartz material; since the insulating sleeve made of quartz material shrinks more after cooling, it can ensure that the superconducting coaxial core is in a high-voltage working state at room temperature, thereby ensuring the superconducting characteristics.

[0071] In addition, the quartz sleeve made of quartz material has good heat dissipation properties, and the quartz sleeve shrinks more after cooling; when the quartz sleeve and the preform rod are reduced and when the diameter is reduced to a certain size, such as below 500um, the quartz sleeve can achieve a certain toughness, for example, it can be bent at a certain angle without breaking, achieving a bending effect similar to quartz optical fiber, further improving the convenience of signal transmission line application.

[0072] The material of the metal layer in the embodiment of the present disclosure is copper, gold, silver, etc. By adding a metal layer outside the insulating layer, a grounding loop is formed outside the insulating layer, thereby improving the reliability of the signal transmission line.

[0073] In addition, a portion of the outer metal layer of the two transmission arms (i.e., the first transmission line and the second transmission line) in the embodiment of the present disclosure is grounded to form a closed loop to improve the reliability of the power divider, and the other portion is made into a circuit structure and plated with a thin film resistor to form a heating tuning structure to heat the two arms of the power divider in sections so that the power divider can be adjusted to a corresponding working state.

[0074] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of the heating and tuning structures are arranged at equal intervals on the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the heating tuning structure is a thin film resistor. Through the setting of heating tuning, the phase characteristics of the room temperature superconductor can be changed during heating, thereby changing the phase of the power divider transmission arm to change the operating frequency and power division ratio of the power divider, so that the power divider can be adjusted to a corresponding working state. For example, when the heating tuning structure changes by 1°C, the operating frequency shifts to high frequency or low frequency by 1GHz.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power divider also includes: a balancing resistor 400; a first end of the balancing resistor 400 is arranged on one of the heating tuning structures 300 on the first transmission line; a second end of the balancing resistor 400 is arranged on one of the heating tuning structures 300 on the second transmission line, so as to achieve balance and stability of the power divider and ensure the symmetry of the input signal.

[0077] The balancing resistor in the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be tuned by heating to change the operating frequency and power division ratio of the power divider, so that the power divider can be adjusted to a corresponding working state.

[0078] The power divider in the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a first coaxial connector, a second coaxial connector and a third coaxial connector; wherein the first coaxial connector is connected to the signal input end; the second coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the first transmission line; and the third coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the second transmission line.

[0079] In a specific implementation manner, the ports of the signal input end, the output end of the first transmission line and the output end of the second transmission line are connected to the coaxial joint by arc welding through ring cutting of the quartz cladding to expose the superconducting core.

[0080] The first transmission line and the second transmission line in the present disclosure are formed by forming a metal core of the signal transmission line based on the compounds of the III and V groups of the periodic table, and the metals or compounds corresponding to the IB group elements, so that the formed metal core has high ductility; and because the compounds of the III and V groups of elements have strong polar electric fields and force fields inside, the formed metal core has a high pressure inside; and because the insulating layer material is quartz material, and because quartz shrinks greatly when cooled, it provides a high-voltage environment for the metal core, further reducing the power loss during transmission and improving the superconductivity of the signal transmission line. That is, when the power divider provided by the present disclosure realizes signal transmission, the power loss during transmission is greatly reduced.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a signal transmission device, including the power divider in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.

[0083] The signal transmission line in the power divider provided by the present disclosure is prepared based on a preset superconducting component, so that the transmission resistance in the power divider is close to zero, which greatly reduces the loss during signal transmission; and the power divider provided by the present disclosure can also be applied to high-power, low-impedance power division fields, such as radar, communication, low-noise amplifiers, etc., so that the power capacity, efficiency, and noise characteristics during signal transmission in different fields are greatly improved.

[0084] Although the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present disclosure, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A power divider, characterized in that: The power divider comprises: a first transmission line, a second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line correspond to the same signal input end and correspond to different signal output ends; Wherein, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are both preset signal transmission lines; The preset signal transmission line is a signal transmission line prepared based on a preset superconducting component, wherein the preset superconducting component includes metals or compounds corresponding to Group III and V elements and Group IB elements in the periodic table, and / or rare earth metals; The transmission arms of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are also provided with a plurality of heating and tuning structures respectively; The heating tuning structures are used to turn on or off the heating based on the driving instructions to adjust the corresponding working state of the power divider.

2. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset signal transmission line comprises, from the inside to the outside, a metal core including a preset superconducting component, an insulating layer and a metal layer; A plurality of the heating tuning structures are arranged on the outer surface of the metal layer.

3. The power divider according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the heating and tuning structures are arranged at equal intervals on the first transmission line and the second transmission line.

4. The power divider according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating tuning structure is a thin film resistor.

5. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power divider further comprises: a balancing resistor; The first end of the balancing resistor is disposed on one of the heating tuning structures on the first transmission line; The second end of the balancing resistor is disposed on one of the heating tuning structures on the second transmission line.

6. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power divider also includes a first coaxial connector, a second coaxial connector and a third coaxial connector; Wherein, the first coaxial connector is connected to the signal input end; The second coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the first transmission line; The third coaxial connector is connected to the output end of the second transmission line.

7. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal corresponding to the IB group element is any one of gold, silver and copper.

8. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth metal corresponds to any one of polonium, niobium and lutetium.

9. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound corresponding to the IB group element is a nitride or oxide of the IB group; or, The Group III-V element compound is any one of aluminum gallium arsenide AlGaAs, indium gallium arsenide InGaAs, and indium gallium arsenide phosphide InGaAsP.

10. A signal transmission device, characterized in that: A power divider comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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