Biochar pyrolysis reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biochar pyrolysis reactor, relates to biochar pyrolysis reactor technical field, including reaction box, the bottom of reaction box is fixedly connected with support frame, and the front bottom of reaction box is respectively provided with discharge door and electric heater, the top of reaction box is fixedly connected with drying cylinder, and the drying cylinder is connected with the bottom of reaction box. A gas circulation mechanism is arranged on the side face of the drying cylinder, the side face of the top of the gas circulation mechanism communicates with a branch pipe, and the other end of the branch pipe communicates with a nitrogen box installed on the front face of the reaction box. The problems that after-treatment steps are increased, the whole pyrolysis efficiency is low and energy consumption is increased due to the fact that water vapor in gas such as carbon monoxide gas and gaseous hydrocarbon in pyrolysis gas on the inner side of the reaction box can be absorbed through a sponge plate arranged in a filter cylinder are solved. The whole reaction box can be sealed, the temperature of the reaction box can rise faster, and therefore energy can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biochar pyrolysis reactors, in particular to a biochar pyrolysis reactor. Background Art

[0002] Biochar is a carbonaceous product prepared by heating or combining physical and chemical methods to transform biomass materials (such as agricultural and forestry wastes). It is widely used in soil improvement, carbon emission reduction, waste treatment and energy production. Traditional biochar production mainly relies on external energy input, especially in the process of producing high calorific value biochar, the energy consumption is particularly significant. High calorific value biochar has a higher carbon content and a larger C / H ratio, which makes it more efficient and durable in energy storage and soil remediation. However, the production of such high calorific value biochar usually requires pyrolysis or gasification at higher temperatures, which not only increases energy consumption, but also relies on non-renewable energy such as fossil fuels, which is contrary to the sustainable and environmental advantages of biochar. In addition, high energy consumption not only increases production costs, but also exacerbates environmental pressures, which is particularly prominent in the context of the global search for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving energy efficiency. Therefore, the development of a new biochar production method that can effectively utilize the calorific value of biomass itself and reduce dependence on external energy, which can not only reduce the production cost of biochar, but also enhance its environmental characteristics, is an urgent problem to be solved in the current development of biochar production technology. This self-sufficient energy cycle can not only increase the carbon content of biochar, but also help promote the application of biochar and achieve both ecological and economic benefits.

[0003] After searching, a municipal sludge biochar pyrolysis processing device with publication number CN202020826298.2 includes an insulation barrel and a carbonization chamber, a groove is opened in the middle of the top of the insulation barrel, and the carbonization chamber is fixedly connected to the groove, the upper surface of the insulation barrel is flush with the upper surface of the carbonization chamber, a heating tube is arranged between the carbonization chamber and the insulation barrel, the heating tube is wound around the outer surface of the carbonization chamber, a motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the carbonization chamber, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the bottom end of the rotating shaft passes through the top of the carbonization chamber and is located inside the carbonization chamber, three horizontal stirring rods are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the rotating shaft, the horizontal stirring rods on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft are symmetrically arranged, and three are fixedly connected to the front and back sides of the rotating shaft. A vertical stirring rod, the vertical stirring rods on the front and rear sides of the rotating shaft are symmetrically arranged, the ends of the horizontal stirring rod and the vertical stirring rod away from the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to a mounting block, a scraper is fixedly installed on the mounting block, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and a lower scraper is fixedly installed on the mounting plate. The municipal sludge biochar pyrolysis processing device is filled with nitrogen through a nitrogen inlet to ensure the requirement for an oxygen-deficient environment during the pyrolysis process. The provision of an insulation barrel can make the temperature of the carbonization chamber rise faster, thereby saving energy. The existing pyrolysis incinerator has the problems of inconvenient operation, poor combustion controllability, safety hazards of gas leakage and low continuous operation stability, and the wood distillation gas generated by the existing pyrolysis incinerator during pyrolysis will be discharged into the air due to equipment leakage, and the wood distillation gas affects its pyrolysis efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a biochar pyrolysis reactor to solve the existing problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a biochar pyrolysis reactor, comprising a reaction box, the bottom of the reaction box is fixedly connected to a support frame, and the front bottom of the reaction box is respectively provided with a discharge door and an electric heater, the top of the reaction box is fixedly connected to a drying cylinder, the side of the drying cylinder is provided with a gas circulation mechanism, the top side of the gas circulation mechanism is connected with a branch pipe, the other end of the branch pipe is connected with a nitrogen box installed on the front of the reaction box, the right side of the drying cylinder is fixedly connected to a crushing mechanism, the side of the crushing mechanism is connected with a driving mechanism through a belt drive, the bottom of the drying cylinder is fixedly connected to a base frame, the inner side of the base frame is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve, the bottom of the reaction box is fixedly connected to a motor housing, a filter cartridge is installed on the side of the air pipe on the side of the drying cylinder, and the sponge plate provided in the filter cartridge can absorb water vapor in gases such as carbon monoxide gas and gaseous hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas inside the reaction box, resulting in an increase in the later processing steps, low overall pyrolysis efficiency, and increased energy consumption.

[0006] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a linkage shaft, a conical wheel 1, a conical wheel 2, an intermediate rod, a scraper and a ball. The side of the driving motor passes through one end of the motor housing and is fixedly connected to the linkage shaft. The top side of the linkage shaft is transmission-connected to the crushing rod through a belt, and the side of the linkage shaft is fixedly connected to the conical wheel 1, the top of the conical wheel 1 is meshingly connected to the conical wheel 2, the inner side of the conical wheel 2 is fixedly connected to the intermediate rod, and the top of the intermediate rod passes through the bottom of the reaction box and is fixedly connected to the scraper located under the base frame.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, an electric heating plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction box, and the electric heating plate is electrically connected to the electric heater.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the gas circulation mechanism includes an air pipe, a blower and a filter cartridge. The top and bottom of the air pipe are respectively connected to the drying cylinder and the bottom side of the reaction box, and the top of the air pipe is fixedly connected to the blower located on the inner side of the drying cylinder, the side of the air pipe is fixedly connected to the filter cartridge, and the top side of the air pipe is connected to a branch pipe; the top of the reaction box is fixedly connected to the drying cylinder, and a crushing mechanism is installed on the side of the drying cylinder. The crushing mechanism can crush materials such as rice husks, straws, and wood chips to fully pyrolyze them, and a sponge plate is provided in the filter cartridge installed on the side of the air pipe in the gas circulation mechanism installed on the side of the drying cylinder, which can absorb water vapor generated during drying in the drying cylinder, and the branch pipe connected to the top side of the air pipe is connected to the nitrogen box, so that the reaction box can be circulated and filled with nitrogen to ensure the requirement for an oxygen-deficient environment during the pyrolysis process.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, a gas flow valve located outside the branch pipe is provided on the side of the nitrogen box.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the pulverizing mechanism includes a pulverizing rod and a pulverizing knife, the side of the pulverizing rod penetrates the side of the drying cylinder, and the side of the pulverizing rod is fixedly connected with the pulverizing knife.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the top of the drying cylinder is slidably connected with a sealing cover via a slide rail.

[0012] As an optimal technical solution of the utility model, the side surface of the top end of the intermediate rod is inlaid with a ball, and the ball is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve on the inner side of the base frame; a driving mechanism is installed on the inner side of the motor shell at the bottom of the reaction box, and a conical wheel one is connected to the outer side of the linkage shaft installed on the output shaft of the driving motor in the driving mechanism, and the side surface of the conical wheel one is meshed with the conical wheel two installed on the top end of the intermediate rod, the top of the intermediate rod is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve at the bottom of the drying cylinder through a ball, and a scraper fixedly connected to the side of the intermediate rod is located at the bottom of the drying cylinder, and the scraper can move the crushed rice husks, straw, wood chips and other materials to prevent them from accumulating at the bottom of the drying cylinder and affecting their pyrolysis into biochar.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, a control panel is fixedly connected to the front side of the support frame, and the output end of the control panel is electrically connected to the input end of the blower and the driving motor respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. The utility model fixes the drying cylinder to the top of the reaction box, and a crushing mechanism is installed on the side of the drying cylinder. The crushing mechanism can crush materials such as rice husks, straws, and wood chips to fully pyrolyze them. A filter cylinder is installed on the side of the air pipe on the side of the drying cylinder. The sponge plate provided in the filter cylinder can absorb water vapor in gases such as carbon monoxide gas and gaseous hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas inside the reaction box, which leads to the problems of increased later processing steps, low overall pyrolysis efficiency, and increased energy consumption. The sealing cover provided on the top of the drying cylinder through the slide rail can seal the reaction box as a whole, which can make the temperature of the reaction box rise faster, thereby saving energy and avoiding leakage of wood distillation gas in the reaction box 1. The branch pipe connected to the side of the top of the air pipe is connected to the nitrogen box, which can circulate nitrogen into the reaction box to ensure the requirement for an oxygen-deficient environment during the pyrolysis process.

[0016] 2. The utility model installs a driving mechanism on the inner side of a motor shell at the bottom of a reaction box, and a conical wheel one is connected to the outer side of a linkage shaft installed on the output shaft of a driving motor in the driving mechanism. The side of the conical wheel one is meshed and connected to a conical wheel two with an intermediate rod installed on the top. The top of the intermediate rod is connected to a connecting sleeve at the bottom of the drying cylinder by a ball sliding connection, and a scraper fixedly connected to the side of the intermediate rod is located at the bottom of the drying cylinder. The scraper can move the crushed rice husks, straws, sawdust and other materials to prevent them from accumulating at the bottom of the drying cylinder and affecting their pyrolysis into biochar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the structural front view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the structural drying cylinder of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structural drying cylinder of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a gas circulation mechanism diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural crushing mechanism diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural driving mechanism diagram of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. reaction box; 2. support frame; 3. control panel; 4. discharge door; 5. electric heater; 6. electric heating plate; 7. gas circulation mechanism; 71. air pipe; 72. blower; 73. filter cartridge; 8. branch pipe; 9. nitrogen box; 10. gas flow valve; 11. drying cylinder; 12. crushing mechanism; 121. crushing rod; 122. crushing knife; 13. belt; 14. driving mechanism; 141. driving motor; 142. linkage shaft; 143. conical wheel one; 144. conical wheel two; 145. intermediate rod; 146. scraper; 147. ball; 15. motor housing; 16. base frame; 17. connecting sleeve; 18. sealing cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] See also Figure 1-6The utility model provides a biochar pyrolysis reactor, comprising a reaction box 1, a support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction box 1, and a discharge door 4 and an electric heater 5 are respectively provided at the bottom of the front of the reaction box 1, a drying cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the reaction box 1, a gas circulation mechanism 7 is provided on the side of the drying cylinder 11, a branch pipe 8 is connected to the top side of the gas circulation mechanism 7, and the other end of the branch pipe 8 is connected to a nitrogen box 9 installed on the front of the reaction box 1, a crushing mechanism 12 is fixedly connected to the right side of the drying cylinder 11, and the crushing mechanism 1 2 is connected to a driving mechanism 14 through a belt 13, a bottom of the drying cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to a base frame 16, an inner side of the base frame 16 is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve 17, a bottom of the reaction box 1 is fixedly connected to a motor housing 15, a filter cartridge 73 is installed on the side of the air pipe on the side of the drying cylinder 11, and a sponge plate provided in the filter cartridge 73 can absorb water vapor in gases such as carbon monoxide gas and gaseous hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas inside the reaction box 1, resulting in an increase in the later processing steps, a low overall pyrolysis efficiency, and an increase in energy consumption.

[0026] The driving mechanism 14 includes a driving motor 141, a linkage shaft 142, a conical wheel 143, a conical wheel 2 144, an intermediate rod 145, a scraper 146 and a ball 147. The side of the driving motor 141 passes through one end of the motor housing 15 and is fixedly connected to the linkage shaft 142. The top side of the linkage shaft 142 is transmission-connected to the crushing rod 121 through the belt 13, and the side of the linkage shaft 142 is fixedly connected to the conical wheel 143. The top of the conical wheel 143 is meshingly connected to the conical wheel 2 144. The inner side of the conical wheel 2 144 is fixedly connected to the intermediate rod 145. The top of the intermediate rod 145 passes through the bottom of the reaction box 1 and is fixedly connected to the scraper 146 located below the base frame 16.

[0027] The bottom of the reaction box 1 is fixedly connected with an electric heating plate 5, which is electrically connected to the electric heater 5. The gas circulation mechanism 7 includes an air pipe 71, a blower 72 and a filter cartridge 73. The top and bottom of the air pipe 71 are respectively connected to the drying cylinder 11 and the bottom side of the reaction box 1, and the top of the air pipe 71 is fixedly connected with the blower 72 located inside the drying cylinder 11, and the side of the air pipe 71 is fixedly connected with the filter cartridge 73, and the top side of the air pipe 71 is connected with the branch pipe 8; the top of the reaction box 1 is fixedly connected with the drying cylinder 11, and the side of the drying cylinder 11 is installed with a crushing mechanism 12. The crushing mechanism 12 can crush materials such as rice husks, straws, and wood chips to make The pyrolysis is fully carried out, and a sponge plate is provided in the filter cartridge 73 installed on the side of the air pipe 71 in the gas circulation mechanism 7 installed on the side of the drying cylinder 11, which can absorb the water vapor generated during the drying in the drying cylinder 11, and the branch pipe 8 connected to the side of the top of the air pipe 71 is connected to the nitrogen box 9, and the reaction box 1 can be circulated and filled with nitrogen to ensure the requirement for an oxygen-deficient environment during the pyrolysis process. A gas flow valve 10 located outside the branch pipe 8 is provided on the side of the nitrogen box 9, and the crushing mechanism 12 includes a crushing rod 121 and a crushing knife 122. The side of the crushing rod 121 passes through the side of the drying cylinder 11, and the side of the crushing rod 121 is fixedly connected with the crushing knife 122.

[0028] The top of the drying cylinder 11 is slidably connected with a sealing cover 18 through a slide rail, and a ball 147 is inlaid on the side of the top of the intermediate rod 145, and the ball 147 is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve 17 on the inner side of the bottom frame 16; the driving mechanism 14 is installed on the inner side of the motor housing 15 at the bottom of the reaction box 1, and the driving mechanism 14 is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 141. The outer side of the driving mechanism 14 is connected to the conical wheel 143, and the side of the conical wheel 143 is meshed with the conical wheel 2 144 installed on the top of the intermediate rod 145. The connecting sleeve 17 at the top of 145 is slidably connected to the bottom of the drying cylinder 11 through a ball 147, and the scraper 146 fixedly connected to the side of the middle rod 145 is located at the bottom of the drying cylinder 11. The scraper 146 can move the crushed rice husks, straws, wood chips and other materials to prevent them from accumulating at the bottom of the drying cylinder 11 and affecting their pyrolysis into biochar. The front side of the support frame 2 is fixedly connected to a control panel 3, and the output end of the control panel 3 is electrically connected to the input end of the blower 72 and the drive motor 141 respectively.

[0029] When in use, first, rice husks, straws, sawdust and other materials are poured into the inner side of the drying cylinder 11 in sequence, the top of the reaction box 1 is fixedly connected to the drying cylinder 11, and a crushing mechanism 12 is installed on the side of the drying cylinder 11. The crushing mechanism 12 can crush rice husks, straws, sawdust and other materials to make them fully pyrolyzed. The crushed rice husks, straws, sawdust and other materials will produce wood distillation gas under the high temperature heating of the electric heating plate 6 at the bottom of the reaction box 1. The wood distillation gas is circulated in the reaction box 1 for many times through the air pipe 71 and the blower 72. The wood distillation gas has good combustion-supporting performance, thereby improving the efficiency of pyrolysis biochar of the equipment. A filter cartridge 73 is installed on the side of the air pipe on the side of the drying cylinder 11. The sponge plate provided in the filter cartridge 73 can absorb the water vapor in the carbon monoxide gas, gaseous hydrocarbons and other gases in the pyrolysis gas inside the reaction box 1, which leads to the problems of increased later processing steps, low overall pyrolysis efficiency and increased energy consumption. The branch pipe 8 connected to the side of the top of the air pipe 71 is connected to the nitrogen box 9 The reaction box 1 can be circulated and filled with nitrogen to ensure the requirement of anoxic environment during pyrolysis. A driving mechanism 14 is installed on the inner side of the motor housing 15 at the bottom of the reaction box 1. A linkage shaft 142 is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 141 in the driving mechanism 14, and the outer side is connected to a conical wheel 143. The side of the conical wheel 143 is meshed with a conical wheel 2 144 with an intermediate rod 145 installed on the top. The top of the intermediate rod 145 is slidably connected to the connecting sleeve 17 at the bottom of the drying cylinder 11 through a ball 147, and a scraper 146 fixedly connected to the side of the intermediate rod 145 is located at the bottom of the drying cylinder 11. The scraper 146 can move the crushed rice husks, straws, wood chips and other materials to avoid their accumulation at the bottom of the drying cylinder 11 and affecting their pyrolysis into biochar. The sealing cover 18 set on the top of the drying cylinder 11 through the slide rail can make the reaction box 1 as a whole sealed, which can make the temperature of the reaction box 1 rise faster, thereby saving energy and also avoiding the leakage of wood distillation gas in the reaction box 1.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biochar pyrolysis reactor, comprising a reaction box (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the reaction box (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (2), and the front bottom of the reaction box (1) is respectively provided with a discharge door (4) and an electric heater (5); the top of the reaction box (1) is fixedly connected to a drying cylinder (11), and the side of the drying cylinder (11) is provided with a gas circulation mechanism (7); the top side of the gas circulation mechanism (7) is connected to a branch pipe (8), and the other end of the branch pipe (8) is connected to a nitrogen box (9) installed on the front of the reaction box (1); the right side of the drying cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to a crushing mechanism (12), and the side of the crushing mechanism (12) is connected to a driving mechanism (14) through a belt (13); the bottom of the drying cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to a base frame (16), and the inner side of the base frame (16) is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve (17); the bottom of the reaction box (1) is fixedly connected to a motor housing (15); The driving mechanism (14) comprises a driving motor (141), a linkage shaft (142), a conical wheel one (143), a conical wheel two (144), an intermediate rod (145), a scraper (146) and a ball (147); the side of the driving motor (141) passes through one end of the motor housing (15) and is fixedly connected to the linkage shaft (142); the top side of the linkage shaft (142) is transmission-connected to the crushing rod (121) through a belt (13); the side of the linkage shaft (142) is fixedly connected to the conical wheel one (143); the top of the conical wheel one (143) is meshingly connected to the conical wheel two (144); the inner side of the conical wheel two (144) is fixedly connected to the intermediate rod (145); the top of the intermediate rod (145) passes through the bottom of the reaction box (1) and is fixedly connected to the scraper (146) located below the base frame (16).

2. A biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the reaction box (1) is fixedly connected to an electric heating plate (6), and the electric heating plate (6) is electrically connected to the electric heater (5).

3. A biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas circulation mechanism (7) comprises an air pipe (71), a blower (72) and a filter cartridge (73); the top and bottom of the air pipe (71) are respectively connected to the drying cylinder (11) and the bottom side of the reaction box (1); the top of the air pipe (71) is fixedly connected to the blower (72) located inside the drying cylinder (11); the side of the air pipe (71) is fixedly connected to the filter cartridge (73); and the top side of the air pipe (71) is connected to the branch pipe (8).

4. A biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas flow valve (10) located outside the branch pipe (8) is provided on the side of the nitrogen box (9).

5. The biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing mechanism (12) comprises a pulverizing rod (121) and a pulverizing knife (122); the side surface of the pulverizing rod (121) penetrates the side surface of the drying cylinder (11), and the pulverizing knife (122) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the pulverizing rod (121).

6. A biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the drying cylinder (11) is slidably connected to a sealing cover (18) via a slide rail.

7. The biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball (147) is embedded on the side surface of the top end of the intermediate rod (145), and the ball (147) is slidably connected in a connecting sleeve (17) on the inner side of the bottom frame (16).

8. The biochar pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control panel (3) is fixedly connected to the front side of the support frame (2), and the output end of the control panel (3) is electrically connected to the input ends of the blower (72) and the drive motor (141) respectively.

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