Cathode closed type air-cooled galvanic pile structure
By designing a cathode-enclosed air-cooled stack structure in an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell, and using a cooling drainage plate and a reaction drainage plate to separate the reaction area and the cooling area, the problem of membrane drying is solved and the performance and life of the fuel cell is improved .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420722389.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-09
AI Technical Summary
The air flow field design of the cathode plate of the air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell is difficult to avoid membrane drying, resulting in a decrease in fuel cell performance and shortening of life.
A cathode-enclosed air-cooled stack structure is designed, which divides the cathode plate and the anode plate into multiple areas by cooling the drainage plate and the reaction drainage plate, separating the reaction zone and the cooling zone to ensure that the wet reaction air flows into the reaction. The drainage plate is used, and the dry cooling air flows into the cooling drainage plate to prevent the cathode plate side membrane electrode from being dried by the dry cooling air.
It effectively avoids membrane drying, improves the performance and service life of the fuel cell, and ensures cooling effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN222483414U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell stack structure. Background Art
[0002] The advantage of an air-cooled fuel cell stack is that it eliminates the water cooling circulation system and only uses air for heat dissipation, resulting in a simple system, fewer parts, and low cost. The disadvantage is that since the heat capacity of air is much lower than that of the coolant, the heat dissipation efficiency is low, and a large amount of air is required to carry away the heat. Therefore, when designing the air flow field of the fuel cell stack, the excess coefficient of air is often tens to hundreds of times larger than that of water cooling. In order to meet the requirements for air flow, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel of the cathode plate of an air-cooled fuel cell stack is often much larger than that of a water-cooled stack. At the same time, due to the small heat capacity of air, the flow channel length is also greatly limited to ensure heat dissipation efficiency. The above reasons make the air-cooled cathode plate larger in size, resulting in a lower volume power density of the air-cooled fuel cell stack.
[0003] In view of the above reasons, generally speaking, fuel cells with power above 10KW are suitable for water cooling, and small and medium power fuel cells below 10KW are suitable for air cooling.
[0004] At present, the cathode plates of air-cooled hydrogen fuel cells on the market generally use grooved structure cathode plates, which are mostly made of graphite (carving or molding) and metal plates (stamping). After stacking into an open cathode stack, the groove surface is in direct contact with the cathode diffusion layer of the membrane electrode, and the groove and the membrane electrode form an air flow channel.
[0005] In this structure, a large amount of air in the cathode flow channel directly sweeps the cathode diffusion layer (GDL) of the membrane electrode, which can easily cause excessive evaporation of liquid water in the cathode membrane electrode, and the proton exchange membrane is in a water-deficient state (membrane drying), which reduces the mass transfer capacity and leads to a decrease in fuel cell performance. Therefore, in the actual operation of air-cooled hydrogen fuel cells, the air flow is not only subject to the need for heat dissipation, but also the influence of "membrane drying", which makes the control of air flow more difficult. That is, when the air flow required for heat dissipation is guaranteed, it is easy to cause membrane drying, which not only affects the performance of the fuel cell, but also greatly reduces the life of the fuel cell. Summary of the invention
[0006] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides a cathode closed air-cooled stack structure.
[0007] The utility model is achieved in this way:
[0008] A cathode closed air-cooled stack structure comprises a connecting mechanism and a plate body, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a lower end plate and an upper end plate, four groups of connecting rods are connected between the lower end plate and the upper end plate, and a connecting frame is installed between the lower end plate and the upper end plate, a plurality of cooling grooves and a plurality of reaction grooves are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the connecting frame, and a plurality of the cooling grooves and a plurality of reaction grooves are arranged crosswise, the plate body comprises a plurality of cathode plates and a plurality of anode plates, a plurality of the cathode plates and a plurality of anode plates are installed inside the connecting frame, and a plurality of the cathode plates and a plurality of anode plates are arranged crosswise, a cooling drain plate is installed between the top of the cathode plate and the bottom of the anode plate, a reaction drain plate is installed between the bottom of the cathode plate and the top of the anode plate, the cooling grooves correspond to the cooling drain plates, and the reaction grooves correspond to the reaction drain plates.
[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the cooling guide plates and the reaction guide plates are used to divide the cathode plates and the anode plates into several areas, and the reaction areas and the cooling areas are separated, so that the humid reaction air flows into the reaction guide plates, and the dry cooling air flows into the cooling guide plates. At the same time, the side membrane electrode of the cathode plate is located on one side of the reaction guide plate, so that it will not be dried by the dry cooling air, thereby ensuring the service life of the fuel cell while ensuring the cooling effect of the fuel cell.
[0010] Furthermore, the cooling guide plate and the reaction guide plate are both wavy, and the top and bottom of the cooling guide plate are both provided with a plurality of cooling ports, and the top and bottom of the reaction guide plate are both provided with a plurality of reaction ports.
[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the cooling port and the reaction port are used for the flow of gas, so that the gas flows into the cooling groove and the reaction groove on one side and flows out of the cooling groove and the reaction groove on the other side.
[0012] Furthermore, a pair of sealing strips are installed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and the sealing strips are located on both sides of the cooling guide plate and the reaction guide plate.
[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that a space for installing the reaction guide plate and the cooling guide plate is reserved between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and the remaining air portion is blocked by a sealing strip to prevent air from flowing out of this portion.
[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the cathode plate is coated with a metal modified coating, and the coating is discontinuous and has a porous structure.
[0015] Furthermore, four groups of fixing holes are opened on the outer sides of the lower end plate and the upper end plate, threaded rods are installed at both ends of the connecting rod, and the threaded rods pass through the fixing holes, and the ends of the threaded rods are engaged with nuts.
[0016] Furthermore, the top of the lower end plate and the bottom of the upper end plate are both provided with limiting grooves, and limiting bars are installed on both sides of the connection frame, and the limiting bars slide inside the limiting grooves.
[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the limit strip is placed in the limit groove to ensure that the connecting frame is stably installed between the lower end plate and the upper end plate. At this time, the threaded rods are passed through the fixing holes, and the nuts are installed on the outside of the threaded rods to fix the lower end plate and the upper end plate together.
[0018] Furthermore, filter screens are installed inside the cooling tanks and the reaction tanks.
[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the filter can ensure the cleanliness of the inflowing air.
[0020] The beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows: the utility model obtains a cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure through the above design, and utilizes cooling guide plates and reaction guide plates to divide a plurality of cathode plates and a plurality of anode plates into a plurality of areas, and the reaction area and the cooling area are separated, so that the moist reaction air flows into the reaction guide plate, and the dry cooling air flows into the cooling guide plate. At the same time, the side membrane electrode of the cathode plate is located on one side of the reaction guide plate, so that it will not be dried by the dry cooling air, thereby ensuring the service life of the fuel cell while ensuring the cooling effect of the fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the implementation mode of the utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation mode. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cathode-enclosed air-cooled fuel cell stack structure provided by the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a cathode-enclosed air-cooled fuel cell structure provided by the utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of structure A in the middle;
[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of structure B.
[0026] In the figure: 100, connecting mechanism; 1001, lower end plate; 1002, upper end plate; 1003, connecting rod; 1004, nut; 1005, connecting frame; 1006, cooling groove; 1007, reaction groove; 1008, fixing hole; 1009, limiting groove; 1010, threaded rod; 1011, limiting strip; 200, plate body; 2001, cathode plate; 2002, anode plate; 2003, sealing strip; 2004, cooling drainage plate; 2005, reaction drainage plate; 2006, cooling port; 2007, reaction port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the implementation of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the implementation of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the implementation of the utility model. Obviously, the described implementation is a part of the implementation of the utility model, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] Embodiment 1 of a cathode-enclosed air-cooled stack structure of the utility model
[0030] The utility model provides the following technical solutions: Figure 1-Figure 4, including a connecting mechanism 100 and a plate body 200, the connecting mechanism 100 includes a lower end plate 1001 and an upper end plate 1002, four groups of connecting rods 1003 are connected between the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002, and a connecting frame 1005 is installed between the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002, and a plurality of cooling grooves 1006 and a plurality of reaction grooves 1007 are symmetrically opened on the outer side of the connecting frame 1005, and the plurality of cooling grooves 1006 and the plurality of reaction grooves 1007 are cross-arranged, and the plate body 200 includes a plurality of cathode plates 2001 and a plurality of anode plates 2002, and the plurality of cathode plates 2001 and the plurality of anode plates 2002 are installed inside the connecting frame 1005, and the plurality of cathode plates 2001 and the plurality of anode plates 2002 are cross-arranged, and the top of the cathode plate 2001 and the bottom of the anode plate 2002 are arranged between A cooling guide plate 2004 is installed, and a reaction guide plate 2005 is installed between the bottom of the cathode plate 2001 and the top of the anode plate 2002. The cooling groove 1006 corresponds to the cooling guide plate 2004, and the reaction groove 1007 corresponds to the reaction guide plate 2005. The cooling guide plate 2004 and the reaction guide plate 2005 are used to divide a number of cathode plates 2001 and a number of anode plates 2002 into a number of areas, and the reaction area and the cooling area are separated, so that the moist reaction air flows into the reaction guide plate 2005, and the dry cooling air flows into the cooling guide plate 2004. At the same time, the side membrane electrode of the cathode plate 2001 is located on one side of the reaction guide plate 2005, so that it will not be dried by the dry cooling air, thereby ensuring the service life of the fuel cell while ensuring the cooling effect of the fuel cell.
[0031] Embodiment 2 of a cathode-enclosed air-cooled stack structure of the utility model
[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 Specifically, four sets of fixing holes 1008 are provided on the outer sides of the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002, threaded rods 1010 are installed at both ends of the connecting rod 1003, and the threaded rods 1010 pass through the fixing holes 1008, and the ends of the threaded rods 1010 are engaged with nuts 1004, and the top of the lower end plate 1001 and the bottom of the upper end plate 1002 are provided with limiting grooves 1009, and both sides of the connecting frame 1005 are installed with limiting The limiting strip 1011 slides inside the limiting groove 1009, and the limiting strip 1011 is placed in the limiting groove 1009 to ensure that the connecting frame 1005 is stably installed between the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002. At this time, the threaded rods 1010 pass through the fixing holes 1008, and then the nuts 1004 are installed on the outside of the threaded rods 1010, so as to fix the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002 together.
[0033] Embodiment 3 of a cathode closed air-cooled stack structure of the utility model
[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 Specifically, an interface for connecting a wire is installed on the outer side of the connection frame 1005, and the electrode body 200 can be connected to the fuel cell by using the connector and the wire.
[0035] Specifically, the working principle of this cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure is as follows: when in use, the limiting strip 1011 is placed in the limiting groove 1009 to ensure that the connecting frame 1005 is stably installed between the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002. At this time, the threaded rods 1010 all pass through the fixing holes 1008, and then the nuts 1004 are installed on the outside of the threaded rods 1010, so as to fix the lower end plate 1001 and the upper end plate 1002 together. The cooling guide plate 2004 and the reaction guide plate 2005 are used to divide a number of cathode plates 2001 and a number of anode plates 2002 into a number of areas, and the reaction area and the cooling area are separated, so that the humid reaction air flows into the reaction guide plate 2005, and the dry cooling air flows into the cooling guide plate 2004. At the same time, the side membrane electrode of the cathode plate 2001 is located on one side of the reaction guide plate 2005, so that it will not be dried by the dry cooling air, thereby ensuring the service life of the fuel cell while ensuring the cooling effect of the fuel cell.
[0036] The above description is only the preferred implementation of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A cathode closed air-cooled stack structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connection mechanism (100) and a plate body (200), wherein the connection mechanism (100) comprises a lower end plate (1001) and an upper end plate (1002), four groups of connection rods (1003) are connected between the lower end plate (1001) and the upper end plate (1002), and a connection frame (1005) is installed between the lower end plate (1001) and the upper end plate (1002), and a plurality of cooling grooves (1006) and a plurality of reaction grooves (1007) are symmetrically provided on the outer side of the connection frame (1005), and the plurality of cooling grooves (1006) and the plurality of reaction grooves (1007) are cross-arranged, and the plate body (200) comprises a plurality of cathode plates (200 1) and a plurality of anode plates (2002), a plurality of cathode plates (2001) and a plurality of anode plates (2002) are installed inside a connection frame (1005), and a plurality of cathode plates (2001) and a plurality of anode plates (2002) are arranged crosswise, a cooling drainage plate (2004) is installed between the top of the cathode plate (2001) and the bottom of the anode plate (2002), a reaction drainage plate (2005) is installed between the bottom of the cathode plate (2001) and the top of the anode plate (2002), the cooling groove (1006) corresponds to the cooling drainage plate (2004), and the reaction groove (1007) corresponds to the reaction drainage plate (2005).
2. The cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling guide plate (2004) and the reaction guide plate (2005) are both wavy in shape, and the top and bottom of the cooling guide plate (2004) are both provided with a plurality of cooling ports (2006), and the top and bottom of the reaction guide plate (2005) are both provided with a plurality of reaction ports (2007).
3. The cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of sealing strips (2003) are installed between the cathode plate (2001) and the anode plate (2002), and the sealing strips (2003) are located on both sides of the cooling guide plate (2004) and the reaction guide plate (2005).
4. The cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the cathode plate (2001) is coated with a metal modified coating, and the coating is discontinuous and has a porous structure.
5. The cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of fixing holes (1008) are provided on the outer sides of the lower end plate (1001) and the upper end plate (1002), threaded rods (1010) are installed at both ends of the connecting rod (1003), and the threaded rods (1010) pass through the fixing holes (1008), and the ends of the threaded rods (1010) are engaged with nuts (1004).
6. The cathode-enclosed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting grooves (1009) are provided at the top of the lower end plate (1001) and the bottom of the upper end plate (1002), and limiting bars (1011) are installed on both sides of the connection frame (1005), and the limiting bars (1011) slide inside the limiting grooves (1009).
7. The cathode closed air-cooled fuel cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Filters are installed inside the cooling tanks (1006) and the reaction tanks (1007).