Metal machining positioning and clamping tool for five-axis machining of artificial joint

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal processing positioning and clamping tool for artificial joint five-axis processing, which comprises a base and an auxiliary support seat, a processing position portable adjusting mechanism is arranged in the base, an auxiliary moving mechanism is arranged above the auxiliary support seat, a height portable adjusting mechanism is arranged above the base, and the auxiliary moving mechanism is arranged above the height portable adjusting mechanism. When the metal machining positioning and clamping tool for artificial joint five-axis machining is used, through the arrangement of a reciprocating lead screw, a driving motor, an auxiliary strip, a limiting block, a supporting bottom plate and a limiting box, the five-axis machining of the artificial joint is achieved, and the stability of the five-axis machining of the artificial joint is improved. The device can automatically adjust different positions of the artificial joint, so that the situation that the artificial joint needs to be repeatedly disassembled, assembled and adjusted in position in the machining process is avoided, the machining time is saved, and meanwhile the machining accuracy of a machined part is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of positioning and clamping, in particular to a metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints. Background Art

[0002] With the development of medicine, the demand for artificial joints will increase. Artificial joints need to replace the functions of joints, so the material requirements are very high. The five-axis linkage machining center is a high-tech, high-precision machining center specially used for machining complex curved surfaces. This machining center system has a significant influence on a country's aviation, navigation, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and other industries.

[0003] Patent No. "CN219293304U" discloses a "clamping and positioning tool". The device drives the clamping rod to expand through the third hydraulic push rod, so that the distance between the clamping rods becomes larger, and the side of the clamping rod with the anti-slip pad contacts the outer wall at the center of the turbine blade. The third hydraulic push rod is contracted so that the clamping rod clamps the turbine blade under the limit of the hinge frame and the support spring, which is convenient for clamping, improves the clamping stability, and does not affect the installation. Since the existing positioning and clamping tooling needs to disassemble the original artificial joint after the first processing and then perform secondary positioning and installation when the artificial joint is subjected to secondary processing, it becomes very complicated and cumbersome when multiple processing at different angles is required. However, the existing device cannot achieve the effect of freely adjusting the workpiece to multiple positions after positioning it once, and the overall practical effect is poor. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints, so as to solve the problem that the existing positioning and clamping tool proposed in the above background technology needs to disassemble the original artificial joint after the first processing for secondary positioning and installation when the artificial joint is subjected to secondary processing, which becomes very complicated and cumbersome when multiple processing at different angles is required.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints, comprising a base and an auxiliary support seat, the side outer wall of the base is provided with an auxiliary support seat, the interior of the base is provided with a portable processing position adjustment mechanism, the top of the auxiliary support seat is provided with an auxiliary moving mechanism, the top of the base is provided with a portable height adjustment mechanism, and the side of the portable height adjustment mechanism is provided with a stable clamping mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the portable adjustment mechanism for the processing position includes a reciprocating screw, a driving motor, an auxiliary bar and a limit block. The inner wall of the side of the base is rotatably connected to the reciprocating screw, the reciprocating screw is connected to the driving motor, the driving motor is connected to the outer wall of the side of the base, and an auxiliary bar is arranged parallel to the side of the reciprocating screw, and both ends of the auxiliary bar are connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base. Limit blocks are arranged on the outside of the reciprocating screw and the auxiliary bar, and the limit blocks are arranged in a "convex" shape.

[0007] Furthermore, both ends of the limit block are slidably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base, the protruding end of the limit block is connected to the supporting bottom plate, the supporting bottom plate is slidably connected to the top outer wall of the base, the side outer wall of the supporting bottom plate is connected to the side outer wall of the limit box, and the limit box is located above the auxiliary support seat.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary moving mechanism includes a positioning plate, an auxiliary moving wheel and a sliding groove. Two groups of positioning plates are symmetrically arranged on the bottom outer wall of the limit box. A positioning shaft is rotatably connected between the two positioning plates, and an auxiliary moving wheel is arranged on the outside of the positioning shaft. The top outer wall of the auxiliary support seat is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves, and the auxiliary moving wheel and the sliding groove are slidably connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the highly portable adjustment mechanism includes a stepper motor, a limit screw, an auxiliary shaft and a limit bar. The top outer wall of the limit box is provided with a stepper motor, and the stepper motor is connected to the limit screw. The bottom outer wall of the limit screw is connected to the top outer wall of the auxiliary shaft. The bottom outer wall of the auxiliary shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the limit box. The side of the auxiliary shaft is parallelly provided with a limit bar, and both ends of the limit bar are connected to the inner walls on both sides of the limit box.

[0010] Furthermore, positioning blocks are provided on the outside of the limiting screw rod and the limiting strip, and the inner walls on both sides of the positioning blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the limiting box. The side outer walls of the positioning blocks are symmetrically provided with protrusions, and the protrusions are connected to the side outer walls of the placement base plate, and the placement base plate is slidably connected to the side outer walls of the limit box.

[0011] Furthermore, the stable clamping mechanism includes a positioning box, a limiting shaft, a limiting worm wheel, a limiting gear, a limiting worm, a rotating wheel and a limiting rack. The top outer wall of the base plate is provided with a positioning box, and the limiting shaft is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the positioning box. A limiting worm wheel and a limiting gear are arranged on the outside of the limiting shaft. The bottom end of the limiting worm wheel is connected to the limiting worm, one end of the limiting worm is connected to the side inner wall of the positioning box, and the other end of the limiting worm is connected to the rotating wheel. The two sides of the limiting gear are symmetrically staggered and meshed with the limiting rack.

[0012] Furthermore, the limit gear is connected to the inner wall of the limit protection cover, and the limit protection cover is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning box, the limit protection cover is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the side outer wall of the clamping plate, the clamping plate is located above the base plate, and the side outer wall of the clamping plate is provided with a resistance pad.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0014] 1. When the metal processing positioning and clamping tooling for five-axis processing of artificial joints of the utility model is in use, since the existing positioning and clamping tooling needs to disassemble the original artificial joint after the first processing for secondary positioning and installation when performing secondary processing on the artificial joint, it becomes very complicated and cumbersome when performing multiple processing at different angles. Then, through the arrangement of reciprocating screw rod, driving motor, auxiliary bar, limit block, supporting base plate and limit box, the device can automatically adjust the artificial joint to different positions, thereby avoiding the need to repeatedly disassemble and install the artificial joint to adjust the position during the processing, saving processing time, and at the same time ensuring the processing accuracy of the processed parts, and further cooperating with the arrangement of positioning plate, auxiliary moving wheel and sliding groove, ensuring the stability of the mechanism during the moving process, and having good overall stability performance.

[0015] 2. When the utility model is used for the metal processing positioning and clamping tooling for five-axis processing of artificial joints, since the shapes and sizes of artificial joints of different models are different, the existing devices are usually targeted at processing a certain type of workpiece, and the overall application range is small. Therefore, through the arrangement of the positioning box, the limit shaft, the limit worm wheel, the limit gear, the limit worm, the rotating wheel, the limit rack, the limit protection cover and the clamping plate, the device can position and firmly clamp workpieces of different specifications. At the same time, with the arrangement of the resistance pad, the friction force is increased so that the mechanism can more firmly resist the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of the workpiece during subsequent processing, and the overall practicality is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the utility model in a front view;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear-view stereoscopic structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary moving mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the portable processing position adjustment mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the highly portable adjustment mechanism of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the stable clamping mechanism of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. base; 2. auxiliary support seat; 3. reciprocating screw; 4. driving motor; 5. auxiliary bar; 6. limit block; 7. supporting bottom plate; 8. limit box; 9. positioning plate; 10. auxiliary moving wheel; 11. sliding groove; 12. stepping motor; 13. limit screw; 14. auxiliary shaft; 15. limit bar; 16. positioning block; 17. placing bottom plate; 18. positioning box; 19. limit shaft; 20. limit worm wheel; 21. limit gear; 22. limit worm; 23. rotating wheel; 24. limit rack; 25. limit protection cover; 26. clamping plate; 27. resistance pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 The utility model provides a technical solution: a metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints, including a base 1 and an auxiliary support seat 2, the side outer wall of the base 1 is provided with the auxiliary support seat 2, the interior of the base 1 is provided with a portable processing position adjustment mechanism, the top of the auxiliary support seat 2 is provided with an auxiliary moving mechanism, the top of the base 1 is provided with a portable height adjustment mechanism, and the side of the portable height adjustment mechanism is provided with a stable clamping mechanism.

[0026] The portable adjustment mechanism for the processing position includes a reciprocating screw 3, a driving motor 4, an auxiliary bar 5 and a limit block 6. The inner wall of the side of the base 1 is rotatably connected with the reciprocating screw 3, the reciprocating screw 3 is connected to the driving motor 4, the driving motor 4 is connected to the outer wall of the side of the base 1, and the side of the reciprocating screw 3 is parallelly provided with an auxiliary bar 5, and both ends of the auxiliary bar 5 are connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base 1. The outside of the reciprocating screw 3 and the auxiliary bar 5 is provided with a limit block 6, the limit block 6 is set in a "convex" shape, and both ends of the limit block 6 are slidably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base 1, the protruding end of the limit block 6 is connected to the supporting bottom plate 7, the supporting bottom plate 7 is slidably connected to the top outer wall of the base 1, and the side outer wall of the supporting bottom plate 7 is connected to the side of the limit box 8. The outer walls of the edges are connected, and the limit box 8 is located above the auxiliary support seat 2; when the lateral processing position of the artificial joint needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 4 needs to be turned on first. When the drive motor 4 is turned on, it will automatically drive the reciprocating screw 3 to rotate and then drive the limit block 6 to move. Here, due to the setting of the auxiliary bar 5, the auxiliary bar 5 will only drive the limit block 6 to move along the horizontal sliding trajectory when it rotates. Then the movement of the limit block 6 will automatically drive the auxiliary support seat 2 to move and then drive the limit box 8 to move, thereby achieving the effect of lateral movement of the artificial joint. When it moves to the appropriate position, turn off the drive motor 4. It should be noted that the drive motor 4 has a self-locking function, and the artificial joint can still maintain its position unchanged after being moved after being turned off.

[0027] The auxiliary moving mechanism includes a positioning plate 9, an auxiliary moving wheel 10 and a sliding groove 11. Two groups of positioning plates 9 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom outer wall of the limit box 8. A positioning shaft is rotatably connected between the two positioning plates 9, and an auxiliary moving wheel 10 is arranged on the outside of the positioning shaft. The top outer wall of the auxiliary support seat 2 is symmetrically provided with a sliding groove 11, and the auxiliary moving wheel 10 and the sliding groove 11 are slidably connected; when the limit box 8 moves again, the auxiliary moving wheel 10 slides inside the sliding groove 11, thereby achieving the effect of auxiliary movement.

[0028] The highly portable adjustment mechanism includes a stepper motor 12, a limit screw 13, an auxiliary shaft 14 and a limit bar 15. The top outer wall of the limit box 8 is provided with a stepper motor 12, the stepper motor 12 is connected to the limit screw 13, the bottom outer wall of the limit screw 13 is connected to the top outer wall of the auxiliary shaft 14, the bottom outer wall of the auxiliary shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the limit box 8, the side of the auxiliary shaft 14 is parallelly provided with a limit bar 15, and both ends of the limit bar 15 are connected to the inner walls on both sides of the limit box 8, the outside of the limit screw 13 and the limit bar 15 is provided with a positioning block 16, the inner walls on both sides of the positioning block 16 are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the limit box 8, the side outer wall of the positioning block 16 is symmetrically provided with protrusions, and the protrusions are placed on the bottom plate 17 The side outer wall is connected, and the placement base plate 17 is slidably connected to the side outer wall of the limit box 8; when the longitudinal height of the artificial joint needs to be adjusted, the stepper motor 12 needs to be turned on first. When the stepper motor 12 is turned on, it will automatically drive the limit screw 13 and the auxiliary shaft 14 to rotate. When the limit screw 13 rotates, it will automatically drive the positioning block 16 to move. Here, due to the setting of the limit strip 15, the limit screw 13 will only drive the positioning block 16 to move the sliding trajectory in the vertical direction when it rotates. When the positioning block 16 moves, it will automatically drive the placement base plate 17 to move, thereby achieving the effect of longitudinally adjusting the height of the artificial joint. It is noted here that the stepper motor 12 has a self-locking function, and the artificial joint can still maintain its position unchanged after being moved after being turned off.

[0029] The stable clamping mechanism includes a positioning box 18, a limiting shaft 19, a limiting worm wheel 20, a limiting gear 21, a limiting worm 22, a rotating wheel 23 and a limiting rack 24. The top outer wall of the bottom plate 17 is provided with a positioning box 18, and the limiting shaft 19 is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the positioning box 18. The limiting worm wheel 20 and the limiting gear 21 are arranged outside the limiting shaft 19. The bottom end of the limiting worm wheel 20 is connected to the limiting worm 22, one end of the limiting worm 22 is connected to the inner wall of the side of the positioning box 18, and the other end of the limiting worm 22 is connected to the rotating wheel 23. The two sides of the limiting gear 21 are symmetrically staggered and meshed with the limiting rack 24, the limiting gear 21 is connected to the inner wall of the limiting protective cover 25, and the limiting protective cover 25 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning box 18, the limiting protective cover 25 is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the clamping plate 2 6 is connected to the side outer wall, the clamping plate 26 is located above the placement base plate 17, and the side outer wall of the clamping plate 26 is provided with a contact pad 27; when the artificial joint needs to be positioned and clamped, at this time, it is first necessary to place the artificial joint to be processed above the placement base plate 17, and then rotate the rotating wheel 23. When the rotating wheel 23 rotates, it will automatically drive the limiting worm 22 to rotate and then drive the limiting worm wheel 20 to rotate. Then, the limiting worm wheel 20 rotates and automatically drives the limiting shaft 19 to rotate and then drives the limiting gear 21 to rotate. When the limiting gear 21 rotates, it will automatically drive the two limiting racks 24 to move and then drive the two limiting protective covers 25 to move in relative directions. Then, the movement of the limiting protective cover 25 will automatically drive the clamping plate 26 and the contact pad 27 to move. As the trajectory of the clamping plate 26 and the contact pad 27 moves, the artificial joint to be processed will be automatically positioned and clamped.

[0030] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: when it is necessary to position and clamp the artificial joint, the artificial joint to be processed needs to be placed on the placement base plate 17, and then the rotating wheel 23 is rotated. When the rotating wheel 23 is rotated, it will automatically drive the limiting worm 22 to rotate and then drive the limiting worm wheel 20 to rotate. Then, the limiting worm wheel 20 rotates, which will automatically drive the limiting shaft 19 to rotate and then drive the limiting gear 21 to rotate. When the limiting gear 21 rotates, it will automatically drive the two limiting racks 24 to move and then drive the two limiting protective covers 25 to move in relative directions. Move, and then the movement of the limit protection cover 25 will automatically drive the clamping plate 26 and the contact pad 27 to move. As the clamping plate 26 and the contact pad 27 move along the trajectory, the artificial joint to be processed will be automatically positioned and clamped. When the lateral processing position of the artificial joint needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 4 needs to be turned on first. When the drive motor 4 is turned on, it will automatically drive the reciprocating screw rod 3 to rotate and then drive the limit block 6 to move. Here, due to the setting of the auxiliary bar 5, the auxiliary bar 5 will only drive the limit block 6 to realize the sliding trajectory movement in the horizontal direction when it rotates, and then When the limit block 6 moves, it will automatically drive the auxiliary support seat 2 to move and then drive the limit box 8 to move, thereby achieving the effect of lateral movement of the artificial joint. When it moves to the appropriate position, the drive motor 4 can be turned off. It is noted here that the drive motor 4 has a self-locking function. After being turned off, the artificial joint can still maintain the position after movement. When the limit box 8 moves again, the auxiliary moving wheel 10 slides inside the sliding groove 11 to achieve the effect of auxiliary movement. When the longitudinal height of the artificial joint needs to be adjusted, the stepper motor 12 needs to be turned on first. When the stepper motor 12 is turned on, it will automatically drive the limit screw 13 and the auxiliary shaft 14 to rotate. When the limit screw 13 rotates, it will automatically drive the positioning block 16 to move. Here, due to the setting of the limit strip 15, the limit screw 13 will only drive the positioning block 16 to realize the sliding trajectory movement in the vertical direction when it rotates. When the positioning block 16 moves, it will automatically drive the placement base plate 17 to move, thereby achieving the effect of longitudinally adjusting the height of the artificial joint. It is noted here that the stepper motor 12 has a self-locking function. After being turned off, the artificial joint can still maintain the position after movement.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints, comprising a base (1) and an auxiliary support seat (2), characterized in that: An auxiliary support seat (2) is arranged on the side outer wall of the base (1), a portable processing position adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the base (1), an auxiliary moving mechanism is arranged above the auxiliary support seat (2), a portable height adjustment mechanism is arranged above the base (1), and a stable clamping mechanism is arranged on the side of the portable height adjustment mechanism.

2. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portable adjustment mechanism for the processing position comprises a reciprocating screw (3), a driving motor (4), an auxiliary bar (5) and a limit block (6); the inner wall of the side of the base (1) is rotatably connected to the reciprocating screw (3); the reciprocating screw (3) is connected to the driving motor (4); the driving motor (4) is connected to the outer wall of the side of the base (1); the side of the reciprocating screw (3) is parallelly provided with an auxiliary bar (5), and both ends of the auxiliary bar (5) are connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base (1); the outer sides of the reciprocating screw (3) and the auxiliary bar (5) are provided with a limit block (6), and the limit block (6) is arranged in a "convex" shape.

3. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the limit block (6) are slidably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the base (1), the protruding end of the limit block (6) is connected to the supporting base plate (7), the supporting base plate (7) is slidably connected to the top outer wall of the base (1), the side outer wall of the supporting base plate (7) is connected to the side outer wall of the limit box (8), and the limit box (8) is located above the auxiliary support seat (2).

4. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary moving mechanism comprises a positioning plate (9), an auxiliary moving wheel (10) and a sliding groove (11); two groups of positioning plates (9) are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limit box (8); a positioning shaft is rotatably connected between the two positioning plates (9), and an auxiliary moving wheel (10) is arranged outside the positioning shaft; the sliding groove (11) is symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the top end of the auxiliary support seat (2); and the auxiliary moving wheel (10) and the sliding groove (11) are slidably connected.

5. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 3, characterized in that: The highly portable adjustment mechanism comprises a stepper motor (12), a limit screw (13), an auxiliary shaft (14) and a limit bar (15); the top outer wall of the limit box (8) is provided with a stepper motor (12); the stepper motor (12) is connected to the limit screw (13); the bottom outer wall of the limit screw (13) is connected to the top outer wall of the auxiliary shaft (14); the bottom outer wall of the auxiliary shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the limit box (8); the side of the auxiliary shaft (14) is provided with a limit bar (15) in parallel, and both ends of the limit bar (15) are connected to the inner walls of both sides of the limit box (8).

6. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning block (16) is arranged outside the limiting screw rod (13) and the limiting strip (15), and the inner walls on both sides of the positioning block (16) are slidably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the limiting box (8), and the side outer walls of the positioning block (16) are symmetrically provided with protrusions, and the protrusions are connected to the side outer walls of the placement base plate (17), and the placement base plate (17) is slidably connected to the side outer walls of the limiting box (8).

7. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stable clamping mechanism comprises a positioning box (18), a limiting shaft (19), a limiting worm wheel (20), a limiting gear (21), a limiting worm (22), a rotating wheel (23) and a limiting rack (24); the top outer wall of the placement base plate (17) is provided with a positioning box (18); the limiting shaft (19) is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the positioning box (18); the limiting worm wheel (20) and the limiting gear (21) are arranged outside the limiting shaft (19); the bottom end of the limiting worm wheel (20) is connected to the limiting worm (22); one end of the limiting worm (22) is connected to the inner wall of the side of the positioning box (18); the other end of the limiting worm (22) is connected to the rotating wheel (23); the two sides of the limiting gear (21) are symmetrically staggered and meshed to connect the limiting rack (24).

8. The metal processing positioning and clamping tool for five-axis processing of artificial joints according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limit gear (21) is connected to the inner wall of the limit protection cover (25), and the limit protection cover (25) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning box (18), the limit protection cover (25) is connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of the connecting block is connected to the side outer wall of the clamping plate (26), the clamping plate (26) is located above the bottom plate (17), and the side outer wall of the clamping plate (26) is provided with a contact pad (27).

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