Single-feed-point chamfered circularly polarized antenna and Beidou satellite navigation system
By designing a single-feed point in the antenna of the Beidou satellite navigation system, the short-circuit state between the feeding needle and the ground is controlled by switching devices, and switching between left and right rotation circle polarization is achieved, solving the problem of the inability of antennas in the existing technology. The switching problem improves performance and gain.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420810802.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, left and right rotary circular polarized antennas cannot be switched freely, resulting in the problems of frequency band interference and performance degradation in short message communication of Beidou satellite navigation system.
Design a single-feed point tangent angle round polarized antenna, by setting the metal electrode positive electrode and formation on the ceramic substrate, and setting the feeding needle and short-circuit hole on the surface of the metal electrode positive electrode, and controlling the short-circuit state between the feeding needle and the ground in combination with an external switching device. , realize free switching between left and right rotation circle polarization.
The time-sharing of the antenna in the receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmit frequency band L is realized without affecting each other's work, the structure is simple and there is no need for a bridge network, and the gain is increased by 2dB, which solves the problems of frequency band interference and performance degradation.
Smart Images
Figure CN222507979U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of satellite antennas, and in particular relates to a single-feed point angle-cut circular polarization antenna and a Beidou satellite navigation system. Background Art
[0002] The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is a global satellite navigation system independently built and operated by China with an eye on national security and economic and social development needs. It is an important national space-time infrastructure that provides global users with all-weather, all-day, high-precision positioning, navigation and timing services.
[0003] Antennas are the terminal signal receiving devices of satellite navigation and positioning systems, and their performance directly affects the working state of the entire system. Microstrip antennas have the advantages of low profile, light weight, small size, easy conformity with the carrier, and easy circular polarization. They are widely used in satellite navigation and positioning terminal systems. Ceramic antennas are typical representatives of microstrip antennas, and their size can be further reduced. After the ceramic antenna is molded, the cost is greatly reduced, and the practicality is further improved.
[0004] The Beidou short message communication function is a unique function of the Beidou satellite navigation system. Compared with the navigation and positioning systems represented by GPS and GLONASS, which can only passively receive satellite positioning signals, the Beidou satellite navigation system has added short message communication function since the first generation of Beidou satellite dual-star positioning system, and has played an irreplaceable role in earthquake relief and disaster relief.
[0005] Beidou short message communication uses a left-hand circularly polarized antenna as the transmitting antenna, while the navigation and positioning system uses a right-hand circularly polarized antenna as the receiving antenna. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design an integrated transceiver that can freely switch between left and right circularly polarized antennas.
[0006] There are three general options:
[0007] The first method is to use a double-layer ceramic antenna to realize the transceiver function. The two antennas require a larger space, and because the frequency interval between the receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmitting frequency band L is only more than 10 MHz, the excessive coupling between the antennas basically belongs to the same frequency interference, causing the transmitting frequency band power to interfere with the receiving performance.
[0008] The second type uses a single-feed pin coupled double-layer ceramic antenna. Based on the first type, this type uses a single-pin coupled dual-frequency antenna. The coupling is further strengthened and the antenna performance is further deteriorated. It is basically only in the theoretical stage.
[0009] The third solution uses a single-layer ceramic antenna and a dual-feed solution. The dual feed pins are connected to the bridge network and are divided into left and right circular polarization. The antenna of this solution must take into account the transmitting and receiving frequency bands at the same time. The center frequency can only be designed between the transmitting and receiving frequencies. The receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmitting frequency band L can only work on the sideband. In addition, the network bridge is complex and brings insertion loss. Summary of the invention
[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna and a Beidou satellite navigation system, which solves the problem in the prior art that left-right circularly polarized antennas cannot be switched freely.
[0011] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:
[0012] A single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna comprises a ceramic substrate, a metal electrode positive pole arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic substrate, and a metal ground layer arranged on the lower surface of the ceramic substrate; a feed pin is arranged on the surface of the metal electrode positive pole, and a short-circuit hole is arranged at a position at a spacing distance between the feed pins; a switch device that can be externally controlled to be on and off is arranged between the feed pin and the short-circuit hole, when the switch device is disconnected, the circularly polarized antenna works in a right-handed circularly polarized antenna state, when the switch device is connected, the feed pin and the ground are short-circuited, and the circularly polarized antenna works in a left-handed circularly polarized antenna state.
[0013] The metal electrode positive electrode is a square structure, with symmetrical cut corners set on any pair of corners, and the feed needle is set near the center of the cut corner diagonal; the short-circuit hole is set on another diagonal, and the feed needle and the short-circuit hole are respectively located on both sides of the cut corner diagonal.
[0014] The aperture of the short-circuit hole ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
[0015] The short-circuit hole is a metallized via hole.
[0016] The switch device is arranged on the circuit board where the antenna is located, and the switch device and the short-circuit hole are connected via a metal wire on the board.
[0017] A Beidou satellite navigation system comprises the single-feed-point angle-cut circular polarization antenna.
[0018] The switch device is connected to the output port of the system control board, and the on and off of the switch device is controlled by the system control board.
[0019] The switch device is synchronized with the system clock, and the on / off and receiving / transmitting of the signal are synchronized with the clock.
[0020] When the antenna is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, both the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band operate at the center frequency.
[0021] The reflection coefficient of the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band reaches -14dB, and the gain reaches 4.23dBi and 4.81dBi.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. A short-circuit switch is added to the conventional single-feed angle-cut circularly polarized antenna to realize free control of left and right circular polarization, so that the antenna can work in the receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmitting frequency band L without affecting each other. Compared with the conventional solution, the structure is simple, no bridge network is required, and the gain is increased by 2dB.
[0024] 2. For a single-feed circularly polarized antenna, a metallized via is set on the metal surface, and the polarization switching of the antenna is achieved by controlling the connection between the metallized via and the negative pole of the ground.
[0025] 3. Realize the integrated design of left-right transmission and reception through the polarization switching of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional single-layer ceramic circularly polarized antenna.
[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of a conventional single-layer ceramic circularly polarized antenna.
[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gain of a conventional single-layer ceramic circularly polarized antenna.
[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the single-feed-point corner-cut circularly polarized antenna of the utility model.
[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of the single-feed-point corner-cut circularly polarized antenna of the utility model when the short-circuit point is open.
[0031] Figure 6 It is a gain schematic diagram of the single-feed-point corner-cut circularly polarized antenna of the utility model when the short-circuit point is open.
[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient when the short-circuit point of the single-feed-point cut-angle circular polarization antenna of the utility model is short-circuited.
[0033] Figure 8 It is a gain schematic diagram of the single-feed-point corner-cut circular polarization antenna of the utility model when the short-circuit point is short-circuited.
[0034] The markings in the figure are: 1-ceramic substrate; 2-silver surface positive electrode (metal electrode positive electrode); 3-feeding needle; 4-short-circuit hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0036] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] This application proposal is based on the BeiDou satellite navigation system and proposes a new polarization switching scheme based on the principle of a single-feed angle-cut circularly polarized antenna. A short-circuit switch is added to the conventional single-feed angle-cut circularly polarized antenna to achieve free control of left and right circular polarization, so that the antennas can work in the receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmitting frequency band L without affecting each other.
[0038] Conventional solution: Use a single-layer ceramic antenna, dual-feed pin solution such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in order to achieve circular polarization, the dual feed pins need to be connected to the bridge network on the PCB, and a 90° phase difference is achieved through the bridge, thereby achieving left-right circular polarization. The antenna of this solution must take into account both the transmit and receive frequency bands. The center frequency can only be designed between the transmit and receive frequencies. The receive frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmit frequency band L can only work on the sideband. In addition, the network bridge is complex and brings insertion loss. Antenna performance is shown in the figure. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the reflection coefficient of L1 and L is only about -3.3dB, the center frequency of the antenna is 1595MHz, the gain is 4.88dBi, L1 and L work at the sideband, and the gain is only 2.15dBi.
[0039] A single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna comprises a ceramic substrate, a metal electrode positive pole arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic substrate, and a metal ground layer arranged on the lower surface of the ceramic substrate; a feed pin is arranged on the surface of the metal electrode positive pole, and a short-circuit hole is arranged at a position at a spacing distance between the feed pins; a switch device that can be externally controlled to be on and off is arranged between the feed pin and the short-circuit hole, when the switch device is disconnected, the circularly polarized antenna works in a right-handed circularly polarized antenna state, when the switch device is connected, the feed pin and the ground are short-circuited, and the circularly polarized antenna works in a left-handed circularly polarized antenna state.
[0040] Specific embodiments, such as Figures 4 to 8 As shown,
[0041] A single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna comprises a ceramic substrate 1; a metal electrode positive pole 2 arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic substrate 1; a metal ground layer arranged on the lower surface of the ceramic substrate; a feed pin 3 is arranged on the surface of the metal electrode positive pole; a short-circuit hole 4 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the feed pin 3; a switch device which can be externally controlled to be on and off is arranged between the feed pin 3 and the short-circuit hole 4, when the switch device is disconnected, the circularly polarized antenna works in a right-handed circularly polarized antenna state, and when the switch device is connected, the feed pin 3 is short-circuited with the ground, and the circularly polarized antenna works in a left-handed circularly polarized antenna state.
[0042] The metal electrode positive pole 2 is a square structure, with symmetrical cut corners set on any pair of corners, and the feed needle 3 is set near the center near the cut corner diagonal; the short-circuit hole 4 is set on another diagonal, and the feed needle 3 and the short-circuit hole 4 are respectively located on both sides of the cut corner diagonal.
[0043] The aperture of the short-circuit hole 4 is in the range of 1-3 mm.
[0044] The short-circuit hole 4 is a metallized via hole.
[0045] The switch device is arranged on the circuit board where the antenna is located, and the switch device and the short-circuit hole 4 are connected via a metal wire on the board.
[0046] A Beidou satellite navigation system comprises the single-feed-point angle-cut circular polarization antenna.
[0047] The switch device is connected to the output port of the system control board, and the on and off of the switch device is controlled by the system control board.
[0048] The switch device is synchronized with the system clock, and the on / off and receiving / transmitting of the signal are synchronized with the clock.
[0049] When the antenna is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, both the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band operate at the center frequency.
[0050] The reflection coefficient of the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band reaches -14dB, and the gain reaches 4.23dBi and 4.81dBi.
[0051] When the switch control device is open, the short-circuit hole does not work, the antenna is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, and the antenna performance is as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the reflection coefficient of L1 reaches -14dB, L1 works at the center frequency, and the gain reaches 4.23dBi, which is more than 2dB higher than the conventional solution.
[0052] When the switch is connected, the feed pin is short-circuited to the ground, and the circularly polarized antenna works in the left-hand circularly polarized antenna state. The antenna performance is as follows: Figure 7 , Figure 8, the reflection coefficient of L reaches -14dB, L works at the center frequency, and the gain reaches 4.81dBi, which is more than 2dB higher than the conventional solution.
[0053] This application is based on the Beidou satellite navigation system and proposes a new polarization switching method based on the principle of a single-feed angle-cut circularly polarized antenna. A short-circuit point switch on-off control is added to the conventional single-feed angle-cut circularly polarized antenna to achieve free control of left and right circular polarization, so that the antennas can work in the receiving frequency band B1L1G1 and the transmitting frequency band L without affecting each other. Compared with conventional solutions, the structure is simple, no bridge network is required, and the gain is increased by 2dB.
[0054] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.
[0055] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0056] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0057] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0058] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.
[0059] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved are all prior art and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. Needless to say, the content protected by this application does not involve improvements to software and methods.
[0060] It should be understood that the present solution is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, and the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present solution without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present solution, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the present solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present solution without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present solution still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present solution.
Claims
1. A single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna, comprising a ceramic substrate, a metal electrode positive electrode arranged on the upper surface of the ceramic substrate, and a metal stratum arranged on the lower surface of the ceramic substrate; characterized in that: A feed needle is arranged on the positive surface of the metal electrode, and a short-circuit hole is arranged at a position with a spacing distance between the feed needles; a switch device which can be externally controlled to be on and off is arranged between the feed needle and the short-circuit hole, when the switch device is disconnected, the circularly polarized antenna works in the right-hand circularly polarized antenna state, when the switch device is connected, the feed needle is short-circuited with the ground, and the circularly polarized antenna works in the left-hand circularly polarized antenna state.
2. The single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal electrode positive electrode is a square structure, with symmetrical cut corners set on any pair of corners, and the feed needle is set near the center of the cut corner diagonal; the short-circuit hole is set on another diagonal, and the feed needle and the short-circuit hole are respectively located on both sides of the cut corner diagonal.
3. The single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aperture of the short-circuit hole ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
4. The single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The short-circuit hole is a metallized via hole.
5. The single-feed-point angle-cut circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch device is arranged on the circuit board where the antenna is located, and the switch device and the short-circuit hole are connected via a metal wire on the board.
6. A Beidou satellite navigation system, characterized in that: It comprises the single feed point corner cut circular polarization antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. The BeiDou satellite navigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch device is connected to the output port of the system control board, and the on and off of the switch device is controlled by the system control board.
8. The BeiDou satellite navigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switch device is synchronized with the system clock, and the on / off and receiving / transmitting of the signal are synchronized with the clock.
9. The BeiDou satellite navigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the antenna is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, both the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band operate at the center frequency.
10. The BeiDou satellite navigation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reflection coefficient of the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band reaches -14dB, and the gain reaches 4.23dBi and 4.81dBi.