Horizontal projectile motion demonstration instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal projectile motion demonstration instrument, which comprises a base, a side plate vertically fixed on the base, a first track and a second track mounted on the side plate, the first track and the second track have the same height difference and can be used for placing magnetic balls respectively, and a linkage mechanism, a stop rod of which penetrates through the side plate and is fixed on a linkage switch. The stop bar is located at the equal-height position above the first rail and the second rail and can move up and down to control the state of the magnetic ball. The rotating mechanism comprises a supporting plate fixed to the side plate, a rotating shaft is hinged to the supporting plate, a sliding piece is fixed to the rotating shaft, one end of the sliding piece abuts against the bottom end of a rotating cylinder fixed to the supporting plate, and the other end of the sliding piece is located at the tail end of the first guide rail. And the magnetic panel is positioned on the side plate and is used for displaying the motion trail of the magnetic ball. The device not only can simultaneously explore the rules of horizontal and vertical sub-motions of the horizontal projectile motion, but also can directly and quickly describe the track of the horizontal projectile motion, and the demonstration effect is obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an improved design of a physical experiment demonstration device, belongs to the field of teaching tools, and particularly relates to a horizontal projectile motion demonstration instrument. Background Art

[0002] When an object is thrown horizontally at a certain initial velocity under the action of gravity alone, the motion it performs is called horizontal motion. Horizontal motion is the key content of the compulsory high school physics course, and the experiment "Exploring the Characteristics of Horizontal Motion" is a must-do experiment for students. Therefore, it is particularly important to enable students to have a deep understanding of the knowledge points through the experimental device.

[0003] When exploring the characteristics of horizontal projectile motion, we can decompose horizontal projectile motion into two sub-movements: horizontal and vertical. By comparing the sub-movement of horizontal projectile motion with uniform linear motion, and the sub-movement of vertical projectile motion with free fall motion, we can explore the motion laws of objects in horizontal projectile motion in two directions.

[0004] The commonly used experimental devices in the laboratory can be used to explore the laws of horizontal projectile motion and depict the trajectory of horizontal projectile motion in physics teaching, but each has its own shortcomings. The two demonstration devices provided in Chapter 5, Section 3, "Experiment: Exploring the Characteristics of Horizontal Projectile Motion" of the People's Education Edition of "Physics·Compulsory 2" can only explore the laws of one sub-motion of horizontal projectile motion, and cannot explore two sub-motions at the same time in one device, nor can it directly depict the trajectory of horizontal projectile motion. Another improved experimental device in the laboratory, the horizontal projectile motion demonstrator J2154, can explore the laws of the two sub-motions of horizontal projectile motion at the same time, but it cannot directly and quickly depict the trajectory of horizontal projectile motion.

[0005] In the prior art, a patent with announcement number CN206097622U discloses a horizontal projectile motion demonstrator, which belongs to the technical field of physical experimental equipment. The horizontal projectile motion demonstrator includes an adjusting nut, a baffle rail, and a bottom plate. The bottom plate is provided with an adjusting nut, and a drawing board is vertically installed on the bottom plate. The front of the drawing board is provided with an inclined rail I fixed by a clamping plate, and an electromagnet I is provided on the inclined rail I. The electromagnet I is bonded to the ball through suction, and there is a vertical standard line on the drawing board near the tail end of the inclined rail I. The utility model can verify different laws of horizontal projectile motion experiments by separating the drawing board into a front and a back. The front side can play the motion trajectory of the ball on the baffle, and the back side can simultaneously carry out horizontal or vertical projectile motion experiments, which saves costs. At the same time, a level meter arranged on the bottom plate can test the levelness of the bottom plate to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, and the ball is released by the electromagnet and the photoelectric switch to avoid the influence of human factors on the experimental results.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the card block and the electromagnet and the ball in the card block are set to verify the free fall motion of the ball in the horizontal projection motion through the collision of the ball. The ball is caused to collide, which is difficult to adjust and the demonstration of the free fall motion of the ball in the horizontal projection motion is not very intuitive.

[0007] The patent with announcement number CN207441079U discloses a horizontal parabolic motion demonstrator, including a front part and a back part. A plane mirror is fixedly installed on the front part of the horizontal parabolic motion demonstrator. When two luminous balls perform horizontal parabolic motion from the same relative height, by observing the images of the two luminous balls on the plane mirror, it is very intuitive to verify that the small ball performs uniform linear motion in the horizontal direction when performing horizontal parabolic motion. At the same time, on the back part of the horizontal parabolic motion demonstrator, by moving the position of the baffle, the position of the small ball in the vertical direction can be obtained when the small ball performs horizontal parabolic motion, verifying that the small ball performs free fall motion in the vertical direction when performing horizontal parabolic motion.

[0008] In the above technical solution, by observing the images of the two luminous balls on the plane mirror, it can be intuitively verified that the ball moves in a uniform straight line in the horizontal direction when performing a horizontal motion, but the trajectory of the horizontal motion cannot be directly and quickly depicted.

[0009] In order to solve one of the above problems, the present application provides a horizontal projection motion demonstrator. Utility Model Content

[0010] The utility model aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a horizontal projectile motion demonstrator, which can not only simultaneously explore the laws of the horizontal and vertical sub-movements of the horizontal projectile motion, but also directly and quickly depict the trajectory of the horizontal projectile motion, and the demonstration effect is obvious.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a horizontal projectile motion demonstrator, comprising a base and a side plate, the base is vertically fixed with the side plate, a first track and a second track are installed on the side plate, the first track and the second track have the same height difference and can respectively place magnetic balls, and also comprises a linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism comprises a stop rod, the stop rod passes through the side plate and is fixed on the linkage switch, the stop rod is located at the same height position above the first track and the second track and can move up and down to control the state of the magnetic ball;

[0012] The rotating mechanism comprises a support plate fixed on the side plate, a rotating shaft is hinged on the support plate, a sliding plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, one end of the sliding plate abuts against the bottom end of the rotating drum fixed on the support plate, and the other end of the sliding plate is located at the end of the first guide rail;

[0013] A magnetic panel is located on the side panel and is used to display the movement trajectory of the magnetic ball.

[0014] Furthermore, a vertical wire pressing groove for accommodating the stop rod is processed on the side plate as described above.

[0015] Furthermore, there are two wire pressing vertical grooves as described above, and the two stop rods pass through the two wire pressing vertical grooves respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the two stop bars are respectively spaced at equal intervals from the corresponding first track and second track.

[0017] Furthermore, the linkage switch as described above is located on the other side of the side panel and is a wooden strip, and the stop rod is inserted into the wooden strip.

[0018] Furthermore, the sliding plate as described above rotates around the rotating shaft and can separate the magnetic balls placed in the rotating drum from the supporting plate and allow them to fall freely.

[0019] Furthermore, the two ends of the sliding sheet described above correspond to the position where the rotating drum is fixed on the support plate and the end of the first guide rail respectively, and the bottom of the rotating drum is a hollow structure.

[0020] Furthermore, an acrylic base plate is attached to the side plate as described above, and a magnetic panel is attached to the acrylic base plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a scale is attached to the upper side and the right side of the magnetic panel as described above, and a magnetic brush handle is provided on the back of the magnetic panel to wipe off the marks left on the magnetic panel.

[0022] Furthermore, the base as described above is provided with a plurality of leveling screws, and the base and the side panels are also fixedly connected with assistance by a plurality of support blocks. A pad is laid on the upper surface of the base, and the pad is made of sponge. A baffle placed on the pad is provided at the end of the second guide rail, and the baffle is a transparent acrylic plate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: the experimental operation of the demonstrator is simple, the demonstration effect is obvious, the characteristics of the horizontal and vertical sub-motions of the horizontal projectile motion can be explored, and the trajectory of the horizontal projectile motion can be intuitively depicted, thus overcoming the shortcomings of the original laboratory equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the front view of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a top view of the utility model.

[0028] In the figure: 1. magnetic ball; 2. stop rod; 3. first guide rail; 4. second guide rail; 5. rotating drum; 6. slide; 7. support plate; 8. magnetic panel; 9. scale; 10. baffle; 11. support block; 12. pad; 13. side panel; 14. base; 15. leveling screw; 16. linkage switch; 17. magnetic brush handle; 18. support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed", "installed", "connected", "set", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a central element. When an element is considered to be "installed on" another element, it can be directly installed on the other element or there can be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the two elements.

[0031] For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Reference Figure 1-4As shown, a horizontal projectile motion demonstrator of the utility model includes a base 14 and a side panel 13. The base 14 is placed horizontally on a desktop, and the side panel 13 is vertically fixed on the base 14. Specifically, three triangular support blocks 11 are used on the base 14 to assist in fixing the side panel 13. The base 14 and the side panel 13 are both made of wooden boards. A first track and a second track are installed on the side panel 13. The first track and the second track have the same height difference and can place a magnetic ball 1 respectively. The first guide rail 3 is completely fixed on the side panel 13, the inclined part of the second guide rail 4 is fixed on the side panel 13, and the horizontal part is fixed on the base 14. A linkage mechanism is also included. The linkage mechanism includes a stop rod 2, the stop rod 2 passes through the side panel 13 and is fixed on a linkage switch 16. The stop rod 2 is located at the same height position above the first track and the second track and can move up and down to control the state of the magnetic ball 1. When the linkage switch 16 is lifted, The stop rod 2 is moved upward to make the magnetic ball 1 fall naturally. Otherwise, the stop rod 2 can block the magnetic ball 1; a rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism includes a support plate 18 fixed on the side plate 13, the support plate 18 is hinged with a rotating shaft, and a slide 6 is fixed on the rotating shaft. The slide 6 extends from the bottom of the cylinder 5 to the end of the first guide rail 3 in the length direction. Specifically, one end of the slide 6 is in contact with the bottom end of the rotating cylinder 5 fixed on the support plate 18, and the other end of the slide 6 is located at the end of the first guide rail 3. If the magnetic ball 1 slides out along the first track, the slide 6 is pushed to rotate, and then one end of the slide 6 is separated from the bottom end of the rotating cylinder 5, so that the magnetic ball 1 in the rotating cylinder 5 falls naturally; a magnetic panel 8, the magnetic panel 8 is located on the side panel 13, and is used to display the movement trajectory of the magnetic ball 1, that is, when the magnetic ball 1 performs a horizontal projection motion along the magnetic panel 8, a movement trajectory can be formed on the magnetic panel 8 under the action of the magnetic force of the magnetic ball 1.

[0035] Embodiment 2

[0036] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, on the basis of the technical solution of the first embodiment, a horizontal projection motion demonstrator, for the specific structural design of the linkage mechanism, the side plate 13 is processed with a vertical line pressing groove for accommodating the stop rod 2, and the vertical line pressing groove is a through hole groove body on the side plate 13. Further, the vertical line pressing groove is provided with two, and the two stop rods 2 respectively penetrate the two vertical line pressing grooves, and then are installed on the linkage switch 16. In addition, the two stop rods 2 respectively maintain an equal spacing with the corresponding first track and the second track, so that when the linkage switch 16 is raised and lowered, the two stop rods 2 can be synchronously approached or moved away from the two tracks, and then the two magnetic balls 1 on the two tracks are controlled to be stationary at the same time to a state of free sliding at the same time. In addition, the linkage switch 16 is located on the other side of the side plate 13 and is a wooden strip, and the stop rod 2 is inserted on the wooden strip.

[0037] Embodiment 3

[0038] Reference Figure 1-4As shown, based on the technical solution of the second embodiment, a horizontal projection motion demonstrator, for the specific structural design of the rotating mechanism, the slide 6 rotates around the rotating shaft and can make the magnetic ball 1 placed in the rotating drum 5 break away from the support of the slide 6 and fall freely. Further, the two ends of the slide 6 correspond to the position where the rotating drum 5 is fixed on the support plate 18 and the end of the first guide rail 3, respectively. The bottom of the rotating drum 5 is a hollow structure. Usually, there is no direct connection between the rotating drum 5 and the slide 6. The two can be set separately. The slide 6 is a hard plastic sheet. The bottom of the rotating drum 5 is processed into a hollow structure. Specifically, the bottom of the rotating drum 5 is processed with a side opening, so that the slide 6 can be rotated to the bottom end of the rotating drum 5. At this time, the magnetic ball 1 can be placed in the rotating drum 5. Due to the support of the slide 6, the magnetic ball 1 is suspended and will not fall.

[0039] Embodiment 4

[0040] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, based on the technical solutions of the above three embodiments, a horizontal projection motion demonstration instrument, for the specific structural design of other components, one is the setting of the magnetic panel 8, the acrylic bottom plate is attached to the side plate 13, and the acrylic bottom plate is attached to the magnetic panel 8. Further, the scale 9 is attached to the upper side and the right side of the magnetic panel 8, and the back of the magnetic panel 8 is provided with a magnetic brush handle 17 for wiping off the marks left on the magnetic panel 8. This is a mature product on the market and will not be described here.

[0041] Second, the setting of auxiliary components. The base 14 is provided with a plurality of leveling screws 15. The leveling screws 15 are adjusted to make the entire demonstrator in a horizontal state on the desktop or workbench. If the magnetic ball 1 can remain stationary in the horizontal part of the two tracks, it means that the device is in a horizontal state. The base 14 and the side panels 13 are also assisted in fixed connection by a plurality of support blocks 11. The support blocks 11 are in the shape of a triangular block structure to assist in supporting the side panels 13. The upper surface of the base 14 is paved with a pad 12. The pad 12 is made of sponge and can play a buffering role. The end of the second guide rail 4 is provided with a baffle 10 placed on the pad 12. The baffle 10 is a transparent acrylic plate, generally a right-angle plate, which can be easily disassembled and quickly placed on the pad 12 to prevent the magnetic ball 1 from escaping from the demonstrator and falling and being damaged.

[0042] Working principle: Before using this device, first place the magnetic ball 1 in the horizontal position of the first guide rail 3, adjust the leveling screw 15 on the wooden base 14, so that the entire demonstrator is in a horizontal state. If the magnetic ball 1 can remain still, it means that it is in a horizontal state. When this device explores the vertical sub-movement of the horizontal motion, it uses a rotating mechanism, that is, after the magnetic ball 1 slides out of the first guide rail 3 to the end, it pushes the rotatable hard plastic slide 6 to rotate, so that the magnetic ball 1 in the rotating drum 5 breaks away from the support of the slide 6 and performs free fall motion, thereby achieving a comparison between horizontal motion and free fall motion, and then exploring the characteristics of the vertical sub-movement of the horizontal motion. When this device explores the horizontal sub-movement of the horizontal motion, it uses a linkage mechanism, that is, the magnetic ball 1 on the first guide rail 3 and the magnetic ball 1 on the second guide rail 4 slide down at the same time, so that they reach the same initial velocity at the horizontal part, so as to achieve a comparison between horizontal motion and uniform linear motion, and then explore the characteristics of the horizontal sub-movement of the horizontal motion. The trajectory of the magnetic ball 1 sliding out from the first guide rail 3 and performing horizontal projection motion is depicted on the magnetic panel 8. The position of each point on the trajectory can be read through the scale 9. The traces left on the magnetic panel 8 can be wiped off by pulling up and down the magnetic brush handle 17 on the back of the side panel 13. The magnetic ball 1 slides down from different heights of the first guide rail 3, and the trajectory of horizontal projection motion with different initial velocities can be recorded on the magnetic panel 8. The experimental effect is clear and the contrast between different trajectories is obvious.

[0043] In the device of the utility model, the assembly and matching relationship of each component involved, the material selection and size design parameters of each component are existing technologies or materials, and the relevant technical personnel can directly purchase or customize them from the market according to the required product models and specifications.

[0044] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much here. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiment should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, according to the technical scheme of the utility model and its utility model concept, shall be covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration instrument, comprising a base (14) and a side plate (13), wherein the side plate (13) is vertically fixed on the base (14), and a first track and a second track are installed on the side plate (13), wherein the first track and the second track have the same height difference and can respectively place a magnetic ball (1), characterized in that: It also includes a linkage mechanism, the linkage mechanism including a stop rod (2), the stop rod (2) passes through the side plate (13) and is fixed on the linkage switch (16), the stop rod (2) is located at the same height above the first track and the second track and can move up and down to control the state of the magnetic ball (1); A rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprising a support plate (18) fixed on the side plate (13), a rotating shaft being hinged on the support plate (18), a sliding plate (6) being fixed on the rotating shaft, one end of the sliding plate (6) being in contact with the bottom end of the rotating drum (5) fixed on the support plate (18), and the other end of the sliding plate (6) being located at the end of the first guide rail (3); A magnetic panel (8), wherein the magnetic panel (8) is located on the side panel (13) and is used to display the movement trajectory of the magnetic ball (1).

2. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (13) is processed with a wire pressing vertical groove for accommodating the stop rod (2).

3. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two vertical wire pressing grooves, and the two stop rods (2) respectively penetrate the two vertical wire pressing grooves.

4. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two stop bars (2) are respectively spaced at equal distances from the corresponding first track and second track.

5. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage switch (16) is located on the other side of the side plate (13) and is a wooden strip, and the stop rod (2) is inserted into the wooden strip.

6. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate (6) rotates around the rotating shaft and can make the magnetic ball (1) placed in the rotating drum (5) separate from the supporting plate (18) and fall freely.

7. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the slide (6) correspond to the position where the rotating drum (5) is fixed on the support plate (18) and the end of the first guide rail (3), respectively, and the bottom of the rotating drum (5) is a hollow structure.

8. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An acrylic base plate is adhered to the side plate (13), and a magnetic panel (8) is adhered to the acrylic base plate.

9. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A scale (9) is pasted on the upper side and the right side of the magnetic panel (8), and a magnetic brush handle (17) is provided on the back of the magnetic panel (8) for wiping off marks left on the magnetic panel (8).

10. A horizontal projectile motion demonstration device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The base (14) is provided with a plurality of leveling screws (15), and the base (14) and the side plate (13) are also connected to each other by a plurality of supporting blocks (11) to assist in fixing. A pad (12) is laid on the upper surface of the base (14), and the pad (12) is made of sponge. A baffle (10) placed on the pad (12) is provided at the end of the second guide rail (4), and the baffle (10) is a transparent acrylic plate.

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