Gasification nozzle and gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace, and belongs to the technical field of fuel gasification, the gasification nozzle comprises a nozzle assembly and an igniter, and the nozzle assembly comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline and a cooling pipeline which are coaxially arranged. The first duct has a first channel. The second pipeline is arranged around the first pipeline, and a second channel is defined by the second pipeline and the first pipeline. The third pipeline is arranged around the second pipeline, and a third channel is defined by the third pipeline and the second pipeline. The fourth pipeline is arranged around the third pipeline, and a fourth channel is defined by the fourth pipeline and the third pipeline. The cooling pipeline is arranged around the fourth pipeline, and a fifth channel is defined by the cooling pipeline and the fourth pipeline. The igniter is located in the first channel and provided with an inner channel extending in the first direction, and the first direction is the extending direction of the first channel. The cooling and cleaning effects can be achieved by introducing gas into the inner channel, and the combustion condition of flame in the gasification furnace can be monitored through the inner channel, so that the reliability and the safety of the gasification nozzle are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fuel gasification, and specifically relates to a gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace. Background Art

[0002] At present, the disposal of industrial hazardous waste is generally carried out by incineration, which may cause secondary pollution such as dioxin emissions. In addition, the direct incineration of organic substances such as solvents and oils contained in hazardous waste materials will produce a large amount of carbon emissions and lead to energy consumption and waste. Therefore, it is necessary to dispose of industrial hazardous waste through gasification technology to convert the carbon-containing matrix in industrial hazardous waste into synthesis gas and solidify harmful substances such as heavy metals in industrial hazardous waste in vitrified slag, so as to achieve harmless treatment and resource utilization of industrial hazardous waste. The gasification nozzle in the gasification device currently used for hazardous waste treatment is easily burned. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: The embodiment of the present application provides a gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace, aiming to solve the technical problem that the gasification nozzle is easily burned.

[0004] Technical solution: A gasification nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0005] The nozzle assembly comprises a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe and a cooling pipe which are coaxially arranged; the first pipe has a first channel; the second pipe is arranged around the first pipe and forms a second channel with the first pipe; the third pipe is arranged around the second pipe and forms a third channel with the second pipe; the fourth pipe is arranged around the third pipe and forms a fourth channel with the third pipe; the cooling pipe is arranged around the fourth pipe and forms a fifth channel with the fourth pipe;

[0006] The igniter is located in the first channel. The igniter has an inner channel extending along a first direction. The first direction is the extension direction of the first channel.

[0007] In some embodiments, an inlet is provided at one end of the first pipe, an outlet is provided at the other end of the first pipe, and the maximum dimension of the end of the igniter facing the outlet and the end of the first channel with the outlet in the first direction is between 1 mm and 4 mm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the igniter has an inner channel extending along a first direction, and includes an anode, a cathode and an insulating layer, the insulating layer is sandwiched between the anode and the cathode, the anode is arranged on the side of the insulating layer facing the inner channel, and the cathode is arranged on the side of the insulating layer away from the inner channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first channel is used to pass the first medium;

[0010] The second channel is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium;

[0011] The third channel is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium;

[0012] The fourth channel is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium;

[0013] The fifth channel is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium.

[0014] In some embodiments, a fifth pipe is further included, which is arranged between the cooling pipe and the fourth pipe. The fourth pipe and the fifth pipe form a fifth channel, and the fifth pipe and the cooling pipe form a sixth channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first channel is used to pass the first medium;

[0016] The second channel is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium;

[0017] The third channel is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium;

[0018] The fourth channel is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium;

[0019] The fifth channel is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium;

[0020] The sixth channel is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the sixth medium.

[0021] In some embodiments, a plurality of first cyclones are included, which are located in the second channel and are spaced apart on a side of the first pipe facing the second pipe.

[0022] In some embodiments, a plurality of second swirlers are included, which are located in the third channel and are spaced apart on a side of the second pipe facing the third pipe.

[0023] In some embodiments, a plurality of first swirlers are included, and the first swirlers are arranged tilted relative to the axis of the first pipe, and the tilt angle of the first swirler is 20°-60°.

[0024] In some embodiments, a plurality of second cyclones are included, and the second cyclones are arranged to be inclined relative to the axis of the second pipe, and the inclination angle of the second cyclones is 15°-60°.

[0025] In some embodiments, it also includes a cooling shell and a cooling jacket. The cooling shell and the cooling pipe are combined to form a cooling channel. The cooling jacket is located in the cooling channel. A cooling liquid inlet channel is formed between the cooling jacket and the cooling pipe. A cooling liquid outlet channel is formed between the cooling jacket and the cooling shell. The cooling liquid inlet channel is connected to the cooling liquid outlet channel.

[0026] Correspondingly, a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned gasification nozzle.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The gasification nozzle of the embodiment of the present application includes a nozzle assembly and an igniter, and the nozzle assembly includes a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe and a cooling pipe that are coaxially arranged. The first pipe has a first channel. The second pipe is arranged around the first pipe, and forms a second channel with the first pipe. The third pipe is arranged around the second pipe, and forms a third channel with the second pipe. The fourth pipe is arranged around the third pipe, and forms a fourth channel with the third pipe. The cooling pipe is arranged around the fourth pipe, and forms a fifth channel with the fourth pipe. The igniter is located in the first channel, and the igniter has an inner channel extending along a first direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the first channel. By introducing gas into the inner channel, it can play a cooling and cleaning role, and the combustion condition of the flame in the gasifier can be monitored through the inner channel to improve the reliability and safety of the gasification nozzle and the gasifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a gasification nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a gasification nozzle according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an igniter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cyclone in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of a method for treating hazardous waste liquid using a gasification nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1, first pipeline; 2, second pipeline; 3, third pipeline; 4, fourth pipeline; 5, cooling pipeline; 6, fifth pipeline; 7, igniter; 8, cooling shell; 9, cooling jacket; 10, first channel; 11, first cyclone; 12, first connecting part; 13, first bending part; 20, second channel; 21, second cyclone; 22, second connecting part; 23, second bending part; 30, third channel; 31, third connecting part; 32, third bending part; 40, fourth channel; 41, fourth connecting part; 42, fourth bending part; 50, fifth channel; 51, fifth connecting part; 52, fifth bending part; 60, sixth channel; 61, sixth connecting part; 62, sixth bending part; 70, inner channel; 71, anode; 72, cathode; 73, insulating layer; 90, cooling channel; 900, coolant inlet channel; 901, coolant outlet channel; X, first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, and at least one means one, two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In the description of this application, "vertical" means completely vertical at 90° or almost completely vertical, for example, an angle within the range of 80° to 100° is considered vertical. Similarly, "parallel" means completely parallel or almost completely parallel, for example, an angle within 10° of completely parallel is considered parallel.

[0037] The entrained-bed gasification process is the core technology for achieving clean and efficient conversion of primary energy. It has the advantages of high operating pressure and large-scale gasification, and is the main direction of development of gasification technology. Entrained-bed gasification generally involves continuously and stably transporting gasification raw materials and oxidizing media to the gasifier through a gasification nozzle, so that they are fully mixed in a reasonable flow field and undergo a gasification reaction. Gasification raw materials include coal powder, residual oil, water-coal slurry, etc., and oxidizing media include oxygen, air, steam, etc. During the gasification process, the organic matter in the gasification raw materials is converted into synthesis gas, which is mainly CO and H2, and the inorganic matter such as minerals in the gasification raw materials is gradually converted into glassy ash through sintering and melting.

[0038] At present, the disposal of industrial hazardous waste is generally carried out by incineration, but on the one hand, this may cause secondary pollution such as dioxin emissions. On the other hand, the direct incineration of organic substances such as solvents and oils contained in industrial hazardous waste will produce a large amount of carbon emissions and lead to energy consumption and waste. If industrial hazardous waste can be disposed of through gasification technology, the carbon-containing matrix in the industrial hazardous waste can be converted into synthesis gas for use as fuel or further production of chemicals, while harmful substances such as heavy metals in industrial hazardous waste can be solidified in vitrified slag, thereby achieving harmless treatment and resource utilization of industrial hazardous waste, which can not only reduce pollution and harm to the environment, but also realize the recycling of resources and improve the economic benefits of enterprises. The conversion efficiency of waste liquid from the gasification device currently used for hazardous waste treatment is low.

[0039] In view of this, the gasification nozzle of the embodiment of the present application includes a nozzle assembly and an igniter, and the nozzle assembly includes a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe, a fourth pipe and a cooling pipe that are coaxially arranged. The first pipe has a first channel. The second pipe is arranged around the first pipe and forms a second channel with the first pipe. The third pipe is arranged around the second pipe and forms a third channel with the second pipe. The fourth pipe is arranged around the third pipe and forms a fourth channel with the third pipe. The cooling pipe is arranged around the fourth pipe and forms a fifth channel with the fourth pipe. The igniter is located in the first channel, and the igniter has an inner channel extending along a first direction, and the first direction is the extension direction of the first channel. By introducing gas into the inner channel, it can play a cooling and cleaning role, and the combustion condition of the flame in the gasifier can be monitored through the inner channel to improve the reliability and safety of the gasification nozzle and the gasifier.

[0040] The following is a detailed description of the gasification nozzle, gasification furnace and method for treating hazardous waste liquid using the gasification nozzle of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0041] exist Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the gasification nozzle of the embodiment of the present application includes a nozzle assembly and an igniter 7, and the nozzle assembly includes a first pipe 1, a second pipe 2, a third pipe 3, a fourth pipe 4 and a cooling pipe 5 which are coaxially arranged. The first pipe 1 has a first channel 10. The second pipe 2 is arranged around the first pipe 1, and forms a second channel 20 with the first pipe 1. The third pipe 3 is arranged around the second pipe 2, and forms a third channel 30 with the second pipe 2. The fourth pipe 4 is arranged around the third pipe 3, and forms a fourth channel 40 with the third pipe 3. The cooling pipe 5 is arranged around the fourth pipe 4, and forms a fifth channel 50 with the fourth pipe 4. The igniter 7 is located in the first channel 10, and the igniter 7 has an inner channel 70 extending along the first direction X, and the first direction X is the extension direction of the first channel 10. By passing gas into the inner channel 70, the cooling and cleaning effects can be achieved, and the combustion of the flame in the gasifier can be monitored through the inner channel 70 to improve the reliability and safety of the gasification nozzle and the gasifier. The medium introduced into the first channel 10 is different from that introduced into the second channel 20 and the fourth channel 40. The medium introduced into the second channel 20 is different from that introduced into the first channel 10, the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the fifth channel 50. In the embodiment of the present application, the gasification nozzle is connected to the gasifier, and the introduced medium enters the gasifier and undergoes a gasification reaction at high temperature. The conversion efficiency of the hazardous waste liquid can be improved by controlling the type of medium introduced into different channels and the flow rate and flow rate of the introduced medium.

[0042] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the igniter 7 is used to ignite the second medium mixed with the first medium. An inlet is provided at one end of the first pipe 1, and an outlet is provided at the other end of the first pipe 1. The maximum dimension of the end of the igniter 7 facing the outlet and the end of the first channel 10 provided with the outlet in the first direction X is between 1 mm and 4 mm, and the first direction X is the extension direction of the first channel 10. In this way, it is possible to avoid the end of the igniter 7 facing the outlet being too close to the flame and causing the igniter 7 to burn.

[0043] exist Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the igniter 7 has an inner channel 70 extending along the first direction X, and the igniter 7 includes an anode 71, a cathode 72 and an insulating layer 73, wherein the insulating layer 73 is sandwiched between the anode 71 and the cathode 72, the anode 71 is arranged on the side of the insulating layer 73 facing the inner channel 70, and the cathode 72 is arranged on the side of the insulating layer 73 away from the inner channel 70. In the ignition stage of the gasification nozzle, a high-voltage direct current can be provided to the anode 71 of the igniter 7 through an external circuit, and the cathode 72 is grounded, so that a high-energy arc spark is formed between the anode 71 and the cathode 72 to ignite the second medium mixed with the first medium. By arranging the igniter 7 in the first channel 10, the functions of ignition start-up and gasification feeding are realized at the same time, without adding an additional ignition nozzle, and without replacing the gasification nozzle during use, and continuous operation from ignition to feeding can be realized. At the same time, by switching the fuel gas and hazardous waste liquid feed, the ignition gas flame can be directly used to ignite liquid gasification raw materials such as water-coal slurry, ensuring that the gasifier does not flame out during operation, thereby improving the convenience and stability of the gasifier operation.

[0044] In some embodiments, the inner channel 70 runs through the igniter 7. By introducing the fourth medium into the inner channel 70, a cooling effect can be achieved, and the internal cleanliness of the inner channel 70 can be ensured by gas purging, thereby increasing the service life of the igniter 7 and improving the ignition quality. In other embodiments, the combustion state of the flame can be monitored in real time through the inner channel 70, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the gasification nozzle and the gasification furnace.

[0045] exist Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the first channel 10 is used to pass the first medium; the second channel 20 is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium; the third channel 30 is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium, the fourth channel 40 is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium, and the fifth channel 50 is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium. In the embodiment of the present application, the first medium is oxygen, air or other oxygen-rich gas. The second medium is a fuel gas used for ignition such as natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. The third medium is a hazardous waste liquid. The fourth medium is an inert gas such as N2 or CO2. The fifth medium is a liquid gasification raw material, and the fifth medium can be a water-coal slurry, residual oil or tar. The sixth medium is steam. In some embodiments, the fifth channel 50 can pass the first medium. In the ignition stage, the first medium can be passed through the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50, and the second medium can be passed through the second channel 20 to ignite the fuel gas flame. In other embodiments, the fifth channel 50 can pass through the fourth medium. The fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the fifth channel 50, so that the first medium, the second medium or the smoke generated by combustion can be prevented from flowing back into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the fifth channel 50, and can play a cooling role, thereby improving the safety and stability of the gasification nozzle during the ignition process. When the temperature or pressure in the gasifier reaches the set value, the medium introduced into the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 can be switched to the first medium, and the fourth medium in the fourth channel 40 can be switched to the fifth medium. According to the flow rate of the fifth medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10, the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted, so that the main flame of gasification can be ignited by the fuel gas flame. When the main flame of gasification is stable, the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 is switched to the third medium. According to the flow rate of the third medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10, the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted. The third medium in the second channel 20 is fully mixed with the first medium in the adjacent first channel 10 and the third channel 30 and undergoes a gasification reaction at high temperature, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the hazardous waste liquid. In other embodiments, the medium introduced into the third channel 30 can be replaced by the sixth medium instead of the first medium, and the sixth medium can be isolated from the flame root of the main gasification flame, so that the third medium introduced into the gasifier will not be ignited immediately, but will be fully mixed with the first medium inside and ignited downstream of the main gasification flame, thereby preventing the hazardous waste liquid with a higher calorific value from burning due to the high temperature zone of the flame being too close to one end of the gasification nozzle where the outlet is provided. In addition, during the operation of the gasification nozzle, after the main gasification flame is ignited by the ignition gas flame, it is necessary to wait for the main gasification flame to stabilize before switching the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 to the third medium, thereby ensuring that the flame in the gasifier does not go out.

[0046] exist Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the gasification nozzle further includes a fifth pipeline 6, which is arranged between the cooling pipeline 5 and the fourth pipeline 4, the fourth pipeline 4 and the fifth pipeline 6 enclose a fifth channel 50, and the fifth pipeline 6 and the cooling pipeline 5 enclose a sixth channel 60. The first channel 10 is used to pass the first medium, and the second channel 20 is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium. The third channel 30 is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium, and the fourth channel 40 is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium. The fifth channel 50 is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium, and the sixth channel 60 is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the sixth medium. In the embodiment of the present application, the first medium is oxygen, air or other oxygen-rich gas. The second medium is a fuel gas used for ignition such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, etc. The third medium is a hazardous waste liquid. The fourth medium is an inert gas such as N2 or CO2. The fifth medium is a liquid gasification raw material, and the fifth medium can be a water-coal slurry, residual oil or tar. The sixth medium is steam. In some embodiments, the fifth channel 50 can pass the first medium. In the ignition stage, the first medium is introduced into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50, and the second medium is introduced into the second channel 20, which can play the role of igniting the fuel gas flame. In other embodiments, the fourth medium can be introduced into the fifth channel 50. The fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40, the fifth channel 50 and the sixth channel 60, which can prevent the first medium, the second medium or the smoke generated by combustion from flowing back into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40, the fifth channel 50 and the sixth channel 60, and can play a cooling role, thereby improving the safety and stability of the gasification nozzle during the ignition process. When the temperature or pressure in the gasifier reaches the set value, the first medium or the sixth medium can be introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth medium introduced into the fourth channel 40 is switched to the fifth medium, the first medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, and the sixth medium is introduced into the sixth channel 60. According to the flow rate of the fifth medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted, so that the main flame of gasification can be ignited by the fuel gas flame. When the main flame of gasification is stabilized, the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 is switched to the third medium. According to the flow rate of the third medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted. The third medium in the second channel 20 is fully mixed with the first medium and ignited downstream of the main flame of gasification to perform a gasification reaction, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of hazardous waste liquid. By introducing the sixth medium into the added sixth channel 60, the first medium introduced into the fifth channel 50 can be isolated from the high-temperature synthesis gas formed in the gasifier, thereby avoiding the two from reacting near the outlet of the gasification nozzle, resulting in burning of the end of the gasification nozzle where the outlet is provided. According to the flow rate of the third medium introduced, the medium introduced into the third channel 30 can be adjusted to be the first medium or the sixth medium.By replacing the first medium with the sixth medium, the sixth medium can be used to isolate the flame root of the main gasification flame, so that the third medium introduced into the gasifier will not be ignited immediately, but will be fully mixed with the first medium inside and ignited downstream of the main gasification flame, thereby preventing the high-temperature zone of the flame from being too close to the end of the gasification nozzle with an outlet during the combustion of hazardous waste liquid with a high calorific value, causing the gasification nozzle to burn. In addition, during the operation of the gasification nozzle, after the main gasification flame is ignited by the ignition gas flame, it is necessary to wait for the main gasification flame to stabilize before switching the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 to the third medium, thereby ensuring that the flame in the gasification furnace does not go out.

[0047] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, the gasification nozzle includes a plurality of first swirl blades 11, which are located in the second channel 20 and are arranged at intervals on the side of the first pipe 1 facing the second pipe 2. The first swirl blade 11 is arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the first pipe 1, and the inclination angle of the first swirl blade 11 is 20°-60°. Specifically, the inclination angle of the first swirl blade 11 can be any one of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60° or any range between the two. Further, the inclination angle of the first swirl blade 11 is 30°-50°, specifically, the inclination angle of the first swirl blade 11 can be any one of 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50° or any range between the two. The number of the first swirl blades 11 can be 3-6. By setting the first swirl blade 11, the third medium flowing out of the second channel 20 can be rotated and sprayed to form a primary atomization. In some embodiments, the gasification nozzle further includes a plurality of second swirl blades 21, which are located in the third channel 30 and are arranged at intervals on the side of the second pipe 2 facing the third pipe 3. The first swirl blade 11 and the second swirl blade 21 are arranged near the outlet of the first pipe 1. The second swirl blade 21 is arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the second pipe 2, and the inclination angle of the second swirl blade 21 is 15°-60°. Specifically, the inclination angle of the second swirl blade 21 can be any one of 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60° or any range between the two. Further, the inclination angle of the second swirl blade 21 is 20°-45°, specifically, the inclination angle of the second swirl blade 21 can be any one of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45° or any range between the two. The number of second swirl blades 21 can be 8-16. By providing the second swirl sheet 21, the first medium flowing out from the third channel 30 can be rotated and sprayed out, and the hazardous waste liquid after the first atomization can be further sheared and crushed, thereby forming secondary atomization, improving the atomization effect of the hazardous waste liquid, and enhancing the conversion efficiency of the hazardous waste liquid.

[0048] In some embodiments, the swirl direction of the first swirl sheet 11 is opposite to the swirl direction of the second swirl sheet 21. This arrangement can enhance the shearing effect of the first medium sprayed from the third channel 30 on the hazardous waste liquid after the primary atomization, further improve the atomization effect, and at the same time reduce the width of the flame of the hazardous waste liquid combustion, reduce the heat radiation of the flame to the gasification nozzle, and thus extend the service life of the gasification nozzle.

[0049] exist Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the first pipe 1 includes a first connecting portion 12 and a first bending portion 13 connected to each other, the first connecting portion 12 is extended along the axial direction of the first pipe 1, and the first bending portion 13 is contracted toward the axial direction of the first pipe 1, and the contraction angle of the first bending portion 13 is a, which satisfies: 0°<a<15°. The proportion of oxygen in the first channel 10 is 10%-25%. The flow rate of the medium in the first channel 10 when it flows out of the first channel 10 is 20m / s-150m / s. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0050] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the second pipe 2 includes a second connecting portion 22 and a second bending portion 23 connected to each other, the second connecting portion 22 extends along the axial direction of the second pipe 2, and the second bending portion 23 shrinks toward the axial direction of the second pipe 2, and the shrinkage angle of the second bending portion 23 is b, which satisfies: b>a, and 10°<b<30°. The flow rate of the medium in the second channel 20 when flowing out of the second channel 20 is 2m / s-25m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0051] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the third pipe 3 includes a third connecting portion 31 and a third bending portion 32 connected to each other, the third connecting portion 31 extends along the axial direction of the third pipe 3, the third bending portion 32 shrinks toward the axial direction of the third pipe 3, and the shrinkage angle of the third bending portion 32 is c, satisfying: c>b, and 20°<c<45°. The proportion of oxygen in the third channel 30 is 25%-40%. The flow rate of the medium in the third channel 30 when flowing out of the third channel 30 is 30m / s-180m / s. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0052] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the fourth pipe 4 includes a fourth connecting portion 41 and a fourth bending portion 42 connected to each other, the fourth connecting portion 41 extends along the axial direction of the fourth pipe 4, the fourth bending portion 42 shrinks toward the axial direction of the fourth pipe 4, and the shrinkage angle of the fourth bending portion 42 is d, satisfying: d>c, and 30°<d<60°. The flow velocity of the medium in the fourth channel 40 when flowing out of the fourth channel 40 is 3m / s-30m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0053] exist Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling pipe 5 includes a fifth connecting portion 51 and a fifth bending portion 52 connected to each other, the fifth connecting portion 51 is extended along the axial direction of the cooling pipe 5, and the fifth bending portion 52 is contracted toward the axial direction of the cooling pipe 5, and the contraction angle of the fifth bending portion 52 is e, satisfying: e>d, and 40°<e<75°. The proportion of oxygen in the fifth channel 50 is 35%-65%. The flow rate of the medium in the fifth channel 50 when flowing out of the fifth channel 50 is 40m / s-200m / s. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0054] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first pipe 1 includes a first connecting portion 12 and a first bending portion 13 connected to each other, the first connecting portion 12 is extended along the axial direction of the first pipe 1, and the first bending portion 13 is contracted toward the axial direction of the first pipe 1, and the contraction angle of the first bending portion 13 is a, satisfying: 0°<a<15°. The proportion of oxygen in the first channel 10 is 10%-35%. The flow rate of the medium in the first channel 10 when flowing out of the first channel 10 is 20m / s-150m / s. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0055] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the second pipe 2 includes a second connecting portion 22 and a second bending portion 23 connected to each other, the second connecting portion 22 extends along the axial direction of the second pipe 2, and the second bending portion 23 shrinks toward the axial direction of the second pipe 2, and the shrinkage angle of the second bending portion 23 is b, which satisfies: b>a, and 10°<b<30°. The flow rate of the medium in the second channel 20 when flowing out of the second channel 20 is 2m / s-25m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0056] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the third pipe 3 includes a third connecting portion 31 and a third bending portion 32 connected to each other, the third connecting portion 31 extends along the axial direction of the third pipe 3, the third bending portion 32 shrinks toward the axial direction of the third pipe 3, and the shrinkage angle of the third bending portion 32 is c, satisfying: c>b, and 20°<c<45°. The flow velocity of the medium in the third channel 30 when flowing out of the third channel 30 is 30m / s-180m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0057] exist Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the fourth pipe 4 includes a fourth connecting portion 41 and a fourth bending portion 42 connected to each other, the fourth connecting portion 41 extends along the axial direction of the fourth pipe 4, the fourth bending portion 42 shrinks toward the axial direction of the fourth pipe 4, and the shrinkage angle of the fourth bending portion 42 is d, satisfying: d>c, and 30°<d<60°. The flow velocity of the medium in the fourth channel 40 when flowing out of the fourth channel 40 is 3m / s-30m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0058] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the fifth pipeline 6 includes a sixth connecting portion 61 and a sixth bending portion 62 connected to each other, the sixth connecting portion 61 is extended along the axial direction of the fifth pipeline 6, and the sixth bending portion 62 is contracted toward the axial direction of the fifth pipeline 6, and the contraction angle of the sixth bending portion 62 is e, satisfying: e>d, and 40°<e<75°. The proportion of oxygen in the fifth channel 50 is 65%-90%. The flow rate of the medium in the fifth channel 50 when it flows out of the fifth channel 50 is 40m / s-200m / s. The specific settings can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this application does not limit this.

[0059] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling pipe 5 includes a fifth connecting portion 51 and a fifth bending portion 52 connected to each other, the fifth connecting portion 51 is extended along the axial direction of the cooling pipe 5, the fifth bending portion 52 is contracted toward the axial direction of the cooling pipe 5, and the contraction angle of the fifth bending portion 52 is f, satisfying: f>e, and 50°<f<90°. The flow rate of the medium in the sixth channel 60 when flowing out of the sixth channel 60 is 5m / s-40m / s. The specific setting can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this application does not limit this.

[0060] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the gasification nozzle further includes a cooling shell 8 and a cooling jacket 9. The cooling shell 8 and the cooling pipe 5 enclose a cooling channel. The cooling jacket 9 is located in the cooling channel 90. A coolant inlet channel 900 is formed between the cooling jacket 9 and the cooling pipe 5. A coolant outlet channel 901 is formed between the cooling jacket 9 and the cooling shell 8. The coolant inlet channel 900 is connected to the coolant outlet channel 901. In this arrangement, the coolant can be introduced through the coolant inlet channel 900 and flow out from the coolant outlet channel 901 to protect the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2, the third pipe 3, the fourth pipe 4, and the fifth pipe 6 close to the cooling pipe 5 to prevent them from burning, thereby extending the service life of the gasification nozzle.

[0061] The present application provides a gasifier, including the above-mentioned gasification nozzle. Therefore, the gasifier includes all the technical features and beneficial effects of the gasification nozzle, which will not be described in detail in the present application.

[0062] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The present application provides a method for treating waste liquid using a gasification nozzle, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Step 100: In the first working mode, the first medium is introduced into the first channel 10, the second medium is introduced into the second channel 20, the fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30 and the fourth channel 40, the first medium or the fourth medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, and ignition is performed.

[0064] In some embodiments, after the first medium is introduced into the first channel 10, the second medium is introduced into the second channel 20, the fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30 and the fourth channel 40, and the first medium or the fourth medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, the igniter 7 is started to ignite, and the ignition time lasts for 8s-15s to ignite the ignition gas flame. In some embodiments, the fifth channel 50 can be introduced into the first medium. By introducing the first medium into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 and the second medium into the second channel 20, the fuel gas flame can be ignited. In other embodiments, the fifth channel 50 can be introduced into the fourth medium, which is not limited in this application. By introducing the fourth medium into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the fifth channel 50, the first medium, the second medium or the smoke generated by combustion can be prevented from flowing back into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the fifth channel 50, and a cooling effect can be played, thereby improving the safety and stability of the gasification nozzle during the ignition process.

[0065] Step 200 : In the second working mode, the first medium or the sixth medium is introduced into the third channel 30 , the fifth medium is introduced into the fourth channel 40 , and the first medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50 .

[0066] In some embodiments, when the temperature or pressure in the gasifier reaches a set value, the gasification nozzle switches from the first working mode to the second working mode, the medium passed through the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 is switched to the first medium, and the fourth medium in the fourth channel 40 is switched to the fifth medium. According to the flow rate of the fifth medium, the flow rate of the first medium passed into the first channel 10, the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted, so that the main gasification flame can be ignited by the fuel gas flame.

[0067] Step 300: In the third working mode, a third medium is introduced into the second channel 20.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the main flame of gasification is stabilized, the gasification nozzle is switched from the second working mode to the third working mode, and the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 is switched to the third medium. According to the flow rate of the third medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10, the third channel 30 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted. The third medium in the second channel 20 is fully mixed with the first medium in the adjacent first channel 10 and the third channel 30 and undergoes a gasification reaction at high temperature, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the hazardous waste liquid. In other embodiments, the first medium introduced into the third channel 30 can be replaced by a sixth medium, and the sixth medium can be isolated from the flame root of the main flame of gasification, so that the third medium introduced into the gasifier will not be ignited immediately, but will be fully mixed with the first medium inside and ignited downstream of the main flame of gasification, thereby avoiding the burning of the gasification nozzle due to the high temperature zone of the flame being too close to the end of the gasification nozzle with an outlet during the combustion of the hazardous waste liquid with a higher calorific value. In addition, during the operation of the gasification nozzle, after the ignition gas flame is used to ignite the main gasification flame, it is necessary to wait for the main gasification flame to stabilize before switching the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 to the third medium, thereby ensuring that the flame in the gasifier does not go out.

[0069] refer to Figure 2 The present application also provides a method for treating waste liquid using a gasification nozzle, comprising the following steps:

[0070] Step 400: In the first working mode, the first medium is introduced into the first channel 10, the second medium is introduced into the second channel 20, the fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the sixth channel 60, the first medium or the fourth medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, and ignition is performed.

[0071] In some embodiments, after the first medium is introduced into the first channel 10, the second medium is introduced into the second channel 20, the fourth medium is introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40 and the sixth channel 60, and the first medium or the fourth medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, the igniter 7 is started to ignite, and the ignition time lasts for 8s-15s to ignite the ignition gas flame. In some embodiments, the first medium can be introduced into the fifth channel 50. By introducing the first medium into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 and the second medium into the second channel 20, the fuel gas flame can be ignited. In other embodiments, the fourth medium can be introduced into the fifth channel 50. By introducing the fourth medium into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40, the fifth channel 50 and the sixth channel 60, the first medium, the second medium or the smoke generated by combustion can be prevented from flowing back into the third channel 30, the fourth channel 40, the fifth channel 50 and the sixth channel 60, and a cooling effect can be played, thereby improving the safety and stability of the gasification nozzle during the ignition process.

[0072] Step 500 : In the second working mode, the first medium or the sixth medium is introduced into the third channel 30 , the fifth medium is introduced into the fourth channel 40 , the first medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50 , and the sixth medium is introduced into the sixth channel 60 .

[0073] In some embodiments, when the temperature or pressure in the gasifier reaches a set value, the gasifier nozzle switches from the first working mode to the second working mode, the first medium or the sixth medium is introduced into the third channel 30, the fourth medium introduced into the fourth channel 40 is switched to the fifth medium, the first medium is introduced into the fifth channel 50, and the sixth medium is introduced into the sixth channel 60. According to the flow rate of the fifth medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted, so that the main flame of gasification can be ignited by the fuel gas flame. By introducing the sixth medium into the added sixth channel 60, the first medium introduced into the fifth channel 50 can be isolated from the high-temperature synthesis gas formed in the gasifier, thereby preventing the two from reacting near the outlet of the gasifier nozzle, resulting in burning of the end of the gasifier nozzle with the outlet.

[0074] Step 600: In the third working mode, a third medium is introduced into the second channel 20.

[0075] In some embodiments, when the main flame of gasification is stabilized, the gasification nozzle is switched from the second working mode to the third working mode, and the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 is switched to the third medium. According to the flow rate of the third medium, the flow rate of the first medium introduced into the first channel 10 and the fifth channel 50 is adjusted. The third medium in the second channel 20 is fully mixed with the first medium and ignited downstream of the main flame of gasification to perform a gasification reaction, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the hazardous waste liquid. According to the flow rate of the third medium introduced, the medium introduced into the third channel 30 can be adjusted to be the first medium or the sixth medium. The medium introduced into the third channel 30 is replaced by the sixth medium from the first medium, and the sixth medium can be isolated from the flame root of the main flame of gasification, so that the third medium introduced into the gasifier will not be ignited immediately, but will be fully mixed with the first medium inside and ignited downstream of the main flame of gasification, thereby avoiding the burning of the gasification nozzle due to the high temperature zone of the flame being too close to the end of the gasification nozzle with an outlet during the combustion of the hazardous waste liquid with a higher calorific value. In addition, during the operation of the gasification nozzle, after the ignition gas flame is used to ignite the main gasification flame, it is necessary to wait for the main gasification flame to stabilize before switching the second medium introduced into the second channel 20 to the third medium, thereby ensuring that the flame in the gasifier does not go out.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0077] The above is a detailed introduction to a gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace provided in the embodiments of the present application, and specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of ​​the present application; ordinary technicians in this field should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A gasification nozzle, characterized in that: include: A nozzle assembly comprises a first pipe (1), a second pipe (2), a third pipe (3), a fourth pipe (4) and a cooling pipe (5) which are coaxially arranged; the first pipe (1) has a first channel (10); the second pipe (2) is arranged around the first pipe (1) and forms a second channel (20) with the first pipe (1); the third pipe (3) is arranged around the second pipe (2) and forms a third channel (30) with the second pipe (2); the fourth pipe (4) is arranged around the third pipe (3) and forms a fourth channel (40) with the third pipe (3); the cooling pipe (5) is arranged around the fourth pipe (4) and forms a fifth channel (50) with the fourth pipe (4); The igniter (7) is located in the first channel (10), and the igniter (7) has an inner channel (70) extending along a first direction (X), and the first direction (X) is the extension direction of the first channel (10).

2. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet is provided at one end of the first pipe (1), an outlet is provided at the other end of the first pipe (1), and a maximum dimension in the first direction (X) between an end of the igniter (7) facing the outlet and an end of the first channel (10) provided with the outlet is between 1 mm and 4 mm.

3. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The igniter (7) has an inner channel (70) extending along the first direction (X), and comprises an anode (71), a cathode (72) and an insulating layer (73), wherein the insulating layer (73) is sandwiched between the anode (71) and the cathode (72), the anode (71) is arranged on a side of the insulating layer (73) facing the inner channel (70), and the cathode (72) is arranged on a side of the insulating layer (73) facing away from the inner channel (70).

4. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first channel (10) is used to allow a first medium to pass through; The second channel (20) is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium; The third channel (30) is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium; The fourth channel (40) is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium; The fifth channel (50) is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium.

5. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a fifth pipe (6) which is arranged between the cooling pipe (5) and the fourth pipe (4); the fourth pipe (4) and the fifth pipe (6) form the fifth channel (50); and the fifth pipe (6) and the cooling pipe (5) form the sixth channel (60).

6. The gasification nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first channel (10) is used to allow a first medium to pass through; The second channel (20) is used to pass at least one of the second medium and the third medium; The third channel (30) is used to pass at least one of the first medium, the fourth medium and the sixth medium; The fourth channel (40) is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the fifth medium; The fifth channel (50) is used to pass at least one of the first medium and the fourth medium; The sixth channel (60) is used to pass at least one of the fourth medium and the sixth medium.

7. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising a plurality of first cyclones (11), located in the second channel (20) and arranged at intervals on a side of the first pipeline (1) facing the second pipeline (2); and / or It comprises a plurality of second cyclones (21) which are located in the third channel (30) and are arranged at intervals on a side of the second pipeline (2) facing the third pipeline (3).

8. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising a plurality of first cyclones (11), wherein the first cyclones (11) are arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the first pipe (1), and the inclination angle of the first cyclones (11) is 20°-60°; and / or It comprises a plurality of second cyclones (21), wherein the second cyclones (21) are arranged tilted relative to the axis of the second pipe (2), and the tilt angle of the second cyclones (21) is 15°-60°.

9. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device further comprises a cooling shell (8) and a cooling jacket (9); the cooling shell (8) and the cooling pipe (5) are enclosed to form a cooling channel (90); the cooling jacket (9) is located in the cooling channel (90); a cooling liquid inlet channel (900) is formed between the cooling jacket (9) and the cooling pipe (5); a cooling liquid outlet channel (901) is formed between the cooling jacket (9) and the cooling shell (8); and the cooling liquid inlet channel (900) is connected to the cooling liquid outlet channel (901).

10. A gasifier, characterized in that: The method comprises the gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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