Vernier caliper

Abstract

The utility model provides a vernier caliper, which comprises a main caliper, two outer measuring claws, two sliding sheets, two fixing assemblies and two clamping feet. The two sliding sheets are in sliding connection with the two outer measuring claws so as to be switched between a first position and a second position. The two fixing assemblies can fix the two sliding sheets correspondingly so that the sliding sheets can be maintained at the first position or the second position. The two clamping feet are fixed to the ends, close to the other outer measuring claw, of the two sliding pieces respectively, each clamping foot is provided with a first face perpendicular to the extending direction of the main ruler, and the projections of the first faces of the two clamping feet in the extending direction of the main ruler are overlapped. When the slip sheet is at the first position, the first surface of the clamping pin is located between the two outer measuring claws; and when the slip sheet is at the second position, the first surface of the clamping pin is positioned on the outer side of the corresponding outer measuring claw. By arranging the sliding sheet and the clamping foot, the vernier caliper has two use modes, when the sliding sheet is at the first position, a test piece can be clamped through the clamping foot, and when the sliding sheet is at the second position, the test piece can be clamped through the outer measuring claw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of asphalt testing in highway engineering, in particular to a vernier caliper. Background Art

[0002] When designing the mix ratio of asphalt mixture or inspecting the quality of asphalt pavement construction, it is necessary to measure the height of the Marshall specimen of the asphalt mixture that has not been demolded. Since the Marshall specimen is formed by asphalt mixture, the Marshall specimen is a nearly cylindrical specimen, and its end face is not a smooth and flat plane that is completely perpendicular to the side surface, but an uneven end face with a certain inclination. Therefore, the error of measuring the height of the Marshall specimen with an ordinary vernier caliper is large. It is necessary to measure multiple times and perform statistical analysis on the measurement data to determine the height of the Marshall specimen. The measurement process is cumbersome and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a vernier caliper in order to overcome the defect of large error in measuring a Marshall test piece with a vernier caliper in the prior art.

[0004] The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A vernier caliper, comprising a main scale and two outer measuring jaws, the vernier caliper also comprising:

[0006] Two sliding plates, the two sliding plates are respectively slidably connected to the two outer measuring claws to switch between a first position and a second position;

[0007] Two fixing components, the two fixing components can respectively fix the two slides so that the slides are maintained at the first position or the second position;

[0008] Two clamping feet, the two clamping feet are respectively fixed to the ends of the two slides close to the other outer measuring claws, the clamping feet have a first surface perpendicular to the extension direction of the main scale, and the projections of the first surfaces of the two clamping feet along the extension direction of the main scale overlap;

[0009] When the slide is in the first position, the first surface of the clamping foot is located between the two outer measuring claws; when the slide is in the second position, the first surface of the clamping foot is located on the outer side of the corresponding outer measuring claw.

[0010] By arranging a slide and a clamping foot on the outer measuring claws of the vernier caliper, the vernier caliper has two measuring modes. When the slide is in the first position, the test piece can be clamped by the clamping foot. When the slide is in the second position, the test piece can be clamped by the outer measuring claws, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the vernier caliper for the height of the un-demolded Marshall test piece and the practicality of the vernier caliper.

[0011] Preferably, the slide is provided with a slide groove penetrating the wall thickness of the slide, the fixing assembly comprises a matching screw and a nut, the screw is fixed to the outer measuring claw, the screw is passed through the slide groove, and the nut is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0012] By arranging a sliding groove on the sliding piece and passing the screw fixed to the outer measuring claw through the sliding groove, a sliding connection between the sliding piece and the outer measuring claw is realized. When the nut is tightened, the sliding piece is fixed, and when the nut is loosened, the sliding piece can move. The overall structure is simple and reliable.

[0013] Preferably, the screw rod comprises a smooth portion, the upper surface and the lower surface of the smooth portion are arranged horizontally, the axial length of the smooth portion is greater than or equal to the thickness of the sliding plate, and the smooth portion is penetrated in the sliding groove.

[0014] By arranging a smooth portion on the screw rod, the sliding sheet slides in the smooth portion, and the overall structure is more stable.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the sliding sheet is D, and the axial length of the smooth portion is less than or equal to 1.1D.

[0016] By setting the difference between the axial length of the smooth part and the thickness of the sliding plate to be less than or equal to 0.1D, the axial length of the smooth part is only slightly larger than the thickness of the sliding plate, so that the sliding plate can slide more easily in the smooth part, and the sliding plate is not easily displaced along the axial direction of the screw in the smooth part, and can only reciprocate along the extension direction of the main scale, making the overall structure more stable; at the same time, the length of the screw can be made smaller, making the entire vernier caliper structure more compact.

[0017] Preferably, the vernier caliper further comprises two external plates, the two external plates are respectively fixed on the two external measuring claws, and the two sliding plates are respectively slidably connected to the two external plates.

[0018] Two external plates are provided on the vernier caliper to connect with the slide, and the slide is clamped and fixed by a nut and the external plate. The area of ​​the external plate can be made larger than the external measuring claw, and the size of the nut can also be larger. When fixing the slide, the area of ​​the position where the slide contacts the nut and the external plate at the same time is increased, so that the fixing effect of the slide in the first position or the second position is better.

[0019] Preferably, the screw rod further includes a threaded portion, and along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the main scale, the external measuring claw, the external plate, the smooth portion and the threaded portion are sequentially arranged, and the smooth portion and the threaded portion are integrally formed.

[0020] Preferably, when the two slides are at the first position and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet are in contact, the reading of the main scale is N cm, where N is an integer.

[0021] By setting the reading when the two slides are in the first position and the first surfaces of the clamping feet are in contact as an integer, it is convenient to calculate when measuring the height of the undemolded Marshall specimen. The height of the specimen can be obtained by subtracting the integer from the main scale reading measured when the specimen is clamped by the clamping feet.

[0022] Preferably, when the slide is at the first position and the two first surfaces are in contact with each other, the reading of the main ruler is 4 cm.

[0023] Preferably, the first surface of the clamping foot is semicircular in shape.

[0024] Since the Marshall test piece is cylindrical and its end face is circular, setting the first face of the clamping foot to be semicircular can provide a better fit for the test piece.

[0025] Preferably, a connecting block is provided on the sliding sheet, and the connecting block has a first side surface and a second side surface which are perpendicular to each other, the first side surface is connected to the sliding sheet, and the second side surface is connected to the clamping foot.

[0026] By using the connecting block to connect the slide and the clamping foot, the areas of the first side surface and the second side surface can be made larger, which facilitates the fixation of the connecting block, the slide and the clamping foot, making the overall structure more stable.

[0027] The positive progressive effect of the utility model is that by arranging a sliding piece and a clamping foot on the outer measuring claws of the vernier caliper, the vernier caliper has two measuring modes. When the sliding piece is in the first position, the test piece can be clamped by the clamping foot. When the sliding piece is in the second position, the test piece can be clamped by the outer measuring claws, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the vernier caliper for the height of the un-demolded Marshall test piece and the practicality of the vernier caliper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the utility model when the slide is in the first position.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the utility model when the slide is in the second position.

[0030] Figure 3 The figure is a side view schematic diagram of an outer measuring claw, a sliding piece, a fixing assembly and a clamping foot of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a vernier caliper measuring a test piece.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] Vernier Caliper 001

[0034] Main ruler 1

[0035] External measuring claw 2

[0036] Slide 3

[0037] Chute 301

[0038] Foot 4

[0039] Fixed component 5

[0040] Screw 51

[0041] Smoothing part 511

[0042] Threaded portion 512

[0043] Nut 52

[0044] External board 6

[0045] Connecting block 7

[0046] Screw 701

[0047] Specimen 002

[0048] Mould 003

[0049] Extension direction L DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] A preferred embodiment is given below, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a vernier caliper 001 includes a main scale 1 and two outer measuring claws 2. The vernier caliper 001 also includes two slides 3, two fixing components 5 and two clamping feet 4. The two slides 3 are respectively connected to the two outer measuring claws 2 in a sliding manner to switch between a first position and a second position; the two fixing components 5 can respectively fix the two slides 3 so that the slides 3 are maintained in the first position or the second position; the two clamping feet 4 are respectively fixed to the ends of the two slides 3 close to the other outer measuring claws 2, and the clamping feet 4 have a first surface perpendicular to the extension direction L of the main scale 1, and the projections of the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 along the extension direction L of the main scale 1 overlap. Figure 1 As shown, when the slide 3 is in the first position, the first surface of the clamping foot 4 is located between the two outer measuring claws 2; Figure 2 As shown, when the slide 3 is in the second position, the first surface of the clamping foot 4 is located on the outside of the corresponding outer measuring claw 2. That is to say, in this embodiment, the slide 3 is slidably connected with the outer measuring claw 2, and the slide 3 can slide along the extension direction L of the main scale 1, thereby driving the clamping foot 4 at the end of the slide 3 to move, so that the clamping foot 4 is between the two outer measuring claws 2 to clamp the test piece 002, or the clamping foot 4 is on the outside of the corresponding outer measuring claw 2 so as not to affect the clamping function of the outer measuring claw 2.

[0052] By arranging two slides 3 on the vernier caliper 001, the two slides 3 are slidably connected to the two outer measuring claws 2 respectively, and the end of the slide 3 close to the other outer measuring claw 2 has a clamping foot 4. When it is necessary to measure the height of the undemolded Marshall specimen 002, the two slides 3 are slid to the first position and fixed. At this time, the first surface of the clamping foot 4 is located between the two outer measuring claws 2. Then, the two outer measuring claws 2 can be slid first to make the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 completely fit together, and the reading of the main scale 1 at this time is recorded. Then, the outer measuring claws 2 are adjusted to measure the height of the specimen 002. During measurement, since the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 overlap in the extension direction L of the main scale 1, and the overlapping area can be made larger, the clamping feet 4 can clamp the specimen 002, and the contact area between the clamping feet 4 and the specimen 002 is larger, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and reducing the measurement error. The height of the specimen 002 can be obtained without multiple measurements and calculations. At the same time, the vernier caliper 001 can also be used as an ordinary vernier caliper 001, and only the two slides 3 need to be slid to the second position and fixed. At this time, there is no other structure between the two outer measuring jaws 2 on the outer measuring jaws 2 corresponding to the position of the clamping foot 4, and the two outer measuring jaws 2 can still be used normally. By arranging the slide 3 and the clamping foot 4 on the outer measuring jaws 2 of the vernier caliper 001, the vernier caliper 001 has two measurement modes, which improves the measurement accuracy of the vernier caliper 001 for the height of the un-demolded Marshall specimen 002 and the practicality of the vernier caliper 001.

[0053] Since the two clamping feet 4 rely on the overlapping parts along the extension direction L of the main scale 1 to achieve the function of clamping the test piece 002, and the larger the overlapping area of ​​the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4, the more accurate the measurement result is, therefore, in this embodiment, the two clamping feet 4 have completely identical shapes, and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 completely overlap along the extension direction L of the main scale 1, that is, the projections of the two clamping feet 4 along the extension direction L of the main scale 1 completely overlap.

[0054] Of course, in other embodiments, it is also possible that the two clamping feet 4 do not completely overlap.

[0055] Specifically in this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the slide 3 is provided with a slide groove 301 penetrating the wall thickness of the slide 3, and the fixing assembly 5 includes a matching screw 51 and a nut 52. The screw 51 is fixed on the outer measuring claw 2 perpendicularly to the outer measuring claw 2, the screw 51 is inserted into the slide groove 301, and the nut 52 is threadedly connected with the screw 51. That is, by providing the slide groove 301 on the slide 3, the screw 51 fixed to the outer measuring claw 2 is inserted into the slide groove 301, so as to realize the sliding connection between the slide 3 and the outer measuring claw 2. When the nut 52 is tightened, the slide 3 is fixed on the outer claw, and when the nut 52 is loosened, the slide 3 can move, so as to switch between the first position and the second position. By providing the slide groove 301, the screw 51 and the nut 52, the slide 3 is slidably connected with the outer measuring claw 2, and the overall structure is simple and reliable.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the screw 51 includes a smooth portion 511, the upper surface and the lower surface of the smooth portion 511 are arranged horizontally, the axial length of the smooth portion 511 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the sliding plate 3, and the smooth portion 511 is inserted into the slide groove 301. By arranging the smooth portion 511 on the screw 51, the sliding plate 3 slides in the smooth portion 511, and the overall structure is more stable. Specifically in this embodiment, the smooth portion 511 is formed by flattening the screw 51 by machining, and the structure is simple and easy to process.

[0057] At the same time, the thickness of the slide 3 is D, and the axial length of the smooth portion 511 is less than or equal to 1.1D. In other words, the axial length of the smooth portion 511 is only slightly larger than the thickness of the slide 3. By setting the difference between the axial length of the smooth portion 511 and the thickness of the slide 3 to be less than or equal to 0.1D, the axial length of the smooth portion 511 is only slightly larger than the thickness of the slide 3, so that the slide 3 is relatively easy to slide in the smooth portion 511, and will not be difficult to slide because the slide 3 is stuck too tightly. At the same time, the slide 3 is not easy to displace along the axial direction of the screw 51 in the smooth portion 511, and will only reciprocate along the extension direction L of the main scale 1, making the overall structure more stable. At the same time, the axial length of the smooth portion 511 is shorter, and the length of the screw 51 can be made smaller, making the entire vernier caliper 001 more compact, not taking up too much space, and convenient for storage and use.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vernier caliper 001 further includes two external plates 6, which are respectively fixed on the two external measuring jaws 2, and the two slides 3 are respectively slidably connected to the two external plates 6. Since in the prior art, the size of the external measuring jaws 2 is relatively small, when the slide 3 is directly slidably connected to the external measuring jaws 2, the contact surface between the slide 3 and the external measuring jaws 2 is relatively small, and it is easy to deviate from the extension direction L of the main scale 1 when sliding, so that the slide 3 is skewed by arranging two external plates 6 on the vernier caliper 001 to connect with the slide 3, and the slide 3 is clamped and fixed by the nut 52 and the external plates 6. The area of ​​the external plates 6 can be made larger than that of the external measuring jaws 2, so that the slide 3 can slide along the extension direction L of the main scale 1 against the external plates 6. At the same time, since the external plates 6 can be made relatively large, the size of the nut 52 can also be larger, thereby increasing the overlapping area of ​​the slide 3, the nut 52 and the external plates 6, and thus making the fixing effect of the slide 3 better when it is in the first position or the second position.

[0059] In this embodiment, the screw rod 51 also includes a threaded portion 512, and the nut 52 controls the tightness of fixing the slide 3 by cooperating with the thread on the threaded portion 512. Along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the main scale 1, the external measuring claw 2, the external plate 6, the smooth portion 511 and the threaded portion 512 are arranged in sequence, that is, the external plate 6 is attached to the external measuring claw 2, the smooth portion 511 protrudes relative to the external plate 6, and the slide 3 can fit the external plate 6 in the smooth portion 511.

[0060] In the present embodiment, the smooth portion 511 of the screw rod 51 is formed by flattening a portion of the screw rod 51 at the top and the bottom. In other embodiments, the smooth portion 511 and the threaded portion 512 may be integrally formed.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the two slides 3 are in the first position and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 are in contact, the reading of the main ruler 1 is 4 cm. When the test piece 002 is clamped by the clamping feet 4 to measure and calculate the height of the test piece 002, the height of the test piece 002 can be obtained by subtracting 4 cm from the reading of the main ruler 1 measured when the test piece 002 is clamped by the clamping feet 4.

[0062] Of course, in other embodiments, the length of the slide 3 extending relative to the outer measuring claw 2 can also be adjusted so that when the two slides 3 are in the first position and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 are in contact, the reading of the main ruler 1 is Ncm, where N is an integer. By setting the reading when the two slides 3 are in the first position and the first surfaces of the clamping feet 4 are in contact as an integer, it is convenient to calculate when measuring the height of the undemolded Marshall specimen 002. In more embodiments, when the two slides 3 are in the first position and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet 4 are in contact, the reading of the main ruler 1 can also be any value, such as 1.1cm or 2.6cm, which can achieve the effect of using the clamping feet 4 with a larger area to clamp the specimen 002 to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0063] When the vernier caliper 001 is actually used, since the reading of the main scale 1 is the same when the clamping feet 4 are fitted, which is a fixed value, it is not necessary to fit the clamping feet 4 before measuring each time. It is only necessary to subtract the fixed value when fitting from the reading of the main scale 1 of the measured specimen 002 each time. Each time the specimen is measured, the movable outer measuring claw 2 can be slid first, so that there is a wider space between the two clamping feet 4, so that the specimen 002 can be placed between the two clamping feet 4 for measurement.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the shape of the first surface of the foot 4 is semicircular, and the radius of the first surface is 5 cm. Figure 4 As shown, since the Marshall test piece 002 is cylindrical and its end face is circular, setting the first face of the clamping foot 4 to be semicircular can better match the test piece 002.

[0065] Of course, in other embodiments, the first surface of the foot 4 can be of any shape, and the area of ​​the first surface of the foot 4 can also be set larger or smaller. The larger the area of ​​the first surface of the foot 4, the larger the overlapping area of ​​the first surfaces of the two foot 4, and the higher the measurement accuracy when the foot 4 is used to clamp the test piece 002. Generally speaking, when the area of ​​the first surface of the foot 4 is one eighth of the test piece 002, that is, when the first surface of the foot 4 is semicircular, its radius is half of the test piece 002, and its measurement accuracy fully meets the experimental requirements, and can ensure that the foot 4 will not be stuck on the mold 003 to cause measurement errors. The specific area of ​​the first surface of the foot 4 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] In this embodiment, a connecting block 7 is provided on the slide 3, and the connecting block 7 has a first side surface and a second side surface perpendicular to each other, the first side surface is connected to the slide 3 by a screw 701, and the second side surface is connected to the clamping foot 4 by a screw 701. By using the connecting block 7 to connect the slide 3 and the clamping foot 4, the area of ​​the first side surface and the second side surface can be made larger, which facilitates the fixing of the connecting block 7 to the slide 3 and the clamping foot 4, making the overall structure more stable.

[0067] Of course, in other embodiments, the clamping foot 4 may also be connected to the sliding sheet 3 by other connection methods, such as welding, bonding, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0068] Although the specific implementations of the utility model are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these implementations without departing from the principle and essence of the utility model, but these changes and modifications fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A vernier caliper comprising a main scale and two outer measuring jaws, characterized in that: The vernier caliper also includes: Two sliding plates, the two sliding plates are respectively slidably connected to the two outer measuring claws to switch between a first position and a second position; Two fixing components, the two fixing components can respectively fix the two slides so that the slides are maintained at the first position or the second position; Two clamping feet, the two clamping feet are respectively fixed to the ends of the two slides close to the other outer measuring claws, the clamping feet have a first surface perpendicular to the extension direction of the main scale, and the projections of the first surfaces of the two clamping feet along the extension direction of the main scale overlap; When the slide is in the first position, the first surface of the clamping foot is located between the two outer measuring claws; when the slide is in the second position, the first surface of the clamping foot is located on the outer side of the corresponding outer measuring claw.

2. The vernier caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that The slide is provided with a slide groove penetrating the wall thickness of the slide, and the fixing assembly comprises a matching screw and a nut, the screw is fixed to the outer measuring claw, the screw is passed through the slide groove, and the nut is threadedly connected to the screw.

3. The vernier caliper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screw rod comprises a smooth portion, the upper surface and the lower surface of the smooth portion are arranged horizontally, the axial length of the smooth portion is greater than or equal to the thickness of the sliding sheet, and the smooth portion is penetrated in the sliding groove.

4. The vernier caliper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the sliding sheet is D, and the axial length of the smooth portion is less than or equal to 1.1D.

5. The vernier caliper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vernier caliper also includes two external plates, which are respectively fixed on the two external measuring claws, and the two sliding sheets are respectively slidably connected to the two external plates.

6. The vernier caliper according to claim 5, characterized in that The screw rod further comprises a threaded portion, and along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the main scale, the external measuring claw, the external plate, the smooth portion and the threaded portion are sequentially arranged; And / or, the smooth portion and the threaded portion are integrally formed.

7. The vernier caliper according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the two slides are at the first position and the first surfaces of the two clamping feet are in contact, the reading of the main scale is N cm, where N is an integer.

8. The vernier caliper according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the slide is at the first position and the two first surfaces are in contact with each other, the reading of the main ruler is 4 cm.

9. The vernier caliper according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first surface of the clamping foot is in a semicircular shape.

10. The vernier caliper according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The sliding sheet is provided with a connecting block, and the connecting block has a first side surface and a second side surface which are perpendicular to each other, the first side surface is connected to the sliding sheet, and the second side surface is connected to the clamping foot.

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