Magnet of beam transmission system, beam transmission system and particle accelerator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a magnet of a beam transmission system, the beam transmission system and a particle accelerator, relates to the technical field of beam transmission, and mainly aims to provide the magnet capable of better controlling beam envelope, beam emittance shape and track dispersion for the beam system. And the use requirements of a beam transmission system with special requirements are met. The main technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the magnet of the beam transmission system comprises an annular iron core; the magnetic pole heads are arranged on the inner surface of the iron core and extend in the radial direction of the iron core, the number of the magnetic pole heads is at least ten, and the at least ten magnetic pole heads are arranged in the circumferential direction of the iron core at intervals; the number of the magnet exciting coils is at least ten, and each magnet exciting coil is wound outside the corresponding magnetic pole head; the power connection assemblies are arranged at the tail ends of wires of the excitation coils, the at least ten excitation coils are connected in series through the power connection assemblies, and the power connection assemblies are used for being connected with an external power source to supply power to the excitation coils.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of beam transmission, in particular to a magnet of a beam transmission system, a beam transmission system and a particle accelerator. Background Art

[0002] In modern science and technology, charged particle flows are widely used. The production and various applications of charged particle flows are inseparable from the beam transmission system. The beam transmission system transmits the beam accelerated by the accelerator to the laboratory and focuses the beam onto the target according to various experimental requirements, so as to effectively bombard the target and facilitate the observation of experimental results.

[0003] A beam transmission system usually includes components used to constitute the transmission system. According to their effects on particles, they can be divided into focusing components, longitudinal transmission components, and deflection components. The main function of the focusing components is to focus the particles relative to the central orbit on the cross-section of the channel, forcing particles that deviate from the central orbit to return to the central orbit. Currently, the commonly used focusing components are quadrupole and sextupole magnets. For some transmission systems that have special requirements for various dynamic characteristics of beam motion, the existing focusing components cannot meet the requirements of beam envelope, beam emittance shape, and orbital dispersion control. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a magnet for a beam transmission system, a beam transmission system and a particle accelerator. The main purpose is to provide a magnet for the beam system that can better control the beam envelope, beam emittance shape and orbital dispersion, so as to meet the use requirements of beam transmission systems with special requirements.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a magnet for a beam transmission system, comprising:

[0007] An iron core, wherein the iron core is ring-shaped;

[0008] A magnetic pole head, the magnetic pole head is arranged on the inner surface of the iron core and extends in the radial direction of the iron core, the number of the magnetic pole heads is at least ten, and the at least ten magnetic pole heads are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core;

[0009] Excitation coils, the number of the excitation coils is at least ten, and each of the excitation coils is wound around the outside of the corresponding magnetic pole head;

[0010] A power connection component is arranged at the end of the wire of the excitation coil, at least ten excitation coils are connected in series through the power connection component, and the power connection component is used to connect an external power supply to supply power to the excitation coil.

[0011] Optionally, the magnetic pole head includes a plane located on its side and an arc surface located at its end, a protrusion is provided between the plane and the arc surface, and the plane, the surface of the protrusion and the arc surface are smoothly transitioned.

[0012] Optionally, the power connection assembly includes a plurality of conductive members, and the plurality of conductive members include a first conductive member, a second conductive member and a plurality of third conductive members;

[0013] At least ten of the excitation coils are connected in series in sequence through a plurality of the third conductive members;

[0014] The first conductive member is connected to one end of the first excitation coil among the at least ten excitation coils; the second conductive member is connected to one end of the last excitation coil among the at least ten excitation coils;

[0015] The first conductive member and the second conductive member are used to connect to an external power source;

[0016] The conductive member is an oxygen-free copper plate.

[0017] Optionally, the third conductive member includes a first part and a second part, the first part is connected to one of the excitation coils, the second part is connected to another of the excitation coils, and the first part and the second part are detachably connected.

[0018] Optionally, the excitation coil is a racetrack-shaped structure; an insulating member is provided between turns of the excitation coil;

[0019] The wire ends of the excitation coils are attached to the end surface of the core and extend to the outside of the core along the circumference of the core. The wire ends of at least ten excitation coils extending to the outside of the core are arranged side by side.

[0020] Optionally, the magnet of the beam transmission system further comprises:

[0021] A cooling component is arranged outside the iron core and connected to the excitation coil for cooling the excitation coil.

[0022] Optionally, the conductive wire of the excitation coil is provided with a channel extending along its length;

[0023] The cooling assembly includes a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid return pipe and a plurality of first connecting pipes, the channels of at least two of the excitation coils are connected through the corresponding first connecting pipes, the channel of at least one of the two excitation coils is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the channel of at least another of the two excitation coils is connected to the liquid return pipe;

[0024] The liquid inlet pipe is used to input the cooling liquid into the channels of all the excitation coils; the liquid return pipe is used to output the cooling liquid flowing out of all the excitation coils.

[0025] Optionally, the cooling assembly further includes a plurality of second connecting pipes, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are both connected to the corresponding channel of the excitation coil through the corresponding second connecting pipes;

[0026] The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are both flexible pipes; the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are both rigid pipes.

[0027] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a beam transmission system, including the magnet of the aforementioned beam transmission system.

[0028] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a particle accelerator, comprising the magnet of the aforementioned beam transmission system, or the aforementioned beam transmission system.

[0029] By means of the above technical solution, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the utility model is that the number of magnetic pole heads is at least ten, and a corresponding excitation coil is wound on each magnetic pole head. The power connection component connects at least ten excitation coils in series and can be connected to an external power supply to power the excitation coils. Specifically, when in use, the external current is transmitted through the power connection component to power the excitation coils, and an effective at least ten-pole gradient magnetic field can be generated in the central area inside the iron core to control the passage of the charged particle beam. A higher order magnetic field gradient can better control the beam envelope, beam emittance shape, and orbital dispersion, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the beam transmission system, thereby better meeting the use requirements of beam transmission systems with special requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a magnet for a beam transmission system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an iron core in a magnet of a beam transmission system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic pole head in a magnet of a beam transmission system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an excitation coil in a magnet of a beam transmission system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical connection component in a magnet of a beam transmission system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a cooling assembly in a magnet of a beam transmission system provided in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the preferred embodiments of the utility model. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the utility model, and should not be understood as limitations on the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "liquid level", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a magnet for a beam transmission system, comprising an iron core 1, which is ring-shaped; a magnetic pole head 2, which is arranged on the inner surface of the iron core 1 and extends radially along the iron core 1, and the number of the magnetic pole heads 2 is at least ten, and at least ten magnetic pole heads 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the iron core 1; an excitation coil 3, the number of the excitation coil 3 is at least ten, and each excitation coil 3 is wound around the outside of the corresponding magnetic pole head 2; a power connection component 4, which is arranged at the end of the wire of the excitation coil 3, at least ten excitation coils 3 are connected in series through the power connection component 4, and the power connection component 4 is used to connect an external power supply to power the excitation coil 3.

[0040] The iron core 1 can be made of electrically pure iron soft magnetic material to improve the magnetic properties of the iron core 1. Moreover, the iron core 1 can include two interconnected upper and lower parts to facilitate the processing and manufacturing of the iron core 1. Moreover, in order to facilitate the use of the magnet of the beam transmission system, the magnet of the beam transmission system can also include a base 5, and the iron core 1 and the power connection component 4 can be arranged on the base 5.

[0041] The magnet of the beam transmission system provided by the embodiment of the utility model has at least ten magnetic pole heads 2, and a corresponding excitation coil 3 is wound around each magnetic pole head 2. The power connection component 4 connects at least ten excitation coils 3 in series, and can be connected to an external power supply to power the excitation coils 3. Specifically, when in use, the external current transmits the power to the excitation coils 3 through the power connection component 4, and an effective at least ten-pole gradient magnetic field can be generated in the central area inside the iron core 1 to control the passage of the charged particle beam. A higher order magnetic field gradient can better control the beam envelope, beam emittance shape, and orbital dispersion, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the beam transmission system, thereby better meeting the use requirements of beam transmission systems with special requirements.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The magnetic pole head 2 may include a plane 21 located on its side and an arc surface 22 located at its end, a protrusion 23 is provided between the plane 21 and the arc surface 22, and the plane 21, the surface of the protrusion 23 and the arc surface 22 are smoothly transitioned.

[0043] Here, the number of the magnetic pole heads 2 is ten as an example. The curve equation of the magnetic pole heads 2 can be: 5x 4 y-10x 2 y 3 -y 5 =R 5 The width of the magnetic pole head 2 is restricted by the structural dimensions of the core 1, so that the width of the pole head cannot be extended infinitely. Therefore, only a part of the hyperbola can be taken, which will produce an ultra-differential high-order magnetic field, mainly 5n (n=2, 3, 4...) order.

[0044] In the above embodiment, a protrusion 23 is provided between the plane 21 and the arc surface 22 of the magnetic pole head 2, so as to adjust the curve width of the magnetic pole head 2, and then adjust the high-order magnetic field of the excess, and reduce the 5n (n = 2, 3, 4 ...) order magnetic field as much as possible, so as to meet the ten-pole magnetic field accuracy requirements. Specifically, during implementation, the end surface of the magnetic pole head 2 can be shimmed to obtain the protrusion 23. Preferably, according to the pole face width of the magnetic pole head 2, the protrusion height of the protrusion 23 can be specifically 1-2 mm.

[0045] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 5 The power connection component 4 may include multiple conductive members, including a first conductive member 41, a second conductive member 42 and multiple third conductive members 43; at least ten excitation coils 3 are connected in series in sequence through multiple third conductive members 43; the first conductive member 41 is connected to one end of the first excitation coil 3 among the at least ten excitation coils 3; the second conductive member 42 is connected to one end of the last excitation coil 3 among the at least ten excitation coils 3; the first conductive member 41 and the second conductive member 42 are used to connect to an external power supply.

[0046] Among them, after the first conductive member 41 and the second conductive member 42 are connected to the external power supply, the external current can first flow into the first excitation coil 3 through the first conductive member 41 and flow out from one end of the first excitation coil 3. Since all the excitation coils 3 are connected in series through multiple third conductive members 43, the current can flow through each excitation coil 3 in turn, and finally flow back to the external power supply through the second conductive member 42, thereby realizing power supply for all the excitation coils 3.

[0047] The first conductive member 41 and the second conductive member 42 may be provided with interfaces such as bolt holes 421 so that the first conductive member 41 and the second conductive member 42 can be connected to an external power source via a cable.

[0048] In some embodiments, the conductive member may be an oxygen-free copper plate. Oxygen-free copper refers to copper with an oxygen (copper oxide) content of less than 50 ppm, which is a type of high-purity copper. Compared with ordinary electrical copper, oxygen-free copper has higher purity and better processing performance, and has better conductivity, plasticity and corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, the conductive member is an oxygen-free copper plate, which can improve the conductivity, plasticity and corrosion resistance of the power connection component 4.

[0049] In order to facilitate the assembly of the excitation coil 3 on the iron core 1, in some embodiments, see Figure 5 The third conductive member 43 may include a first portion 431 and a second portion 432, wherein the first portion 431 may be connected to one excitation coil 3, and the second portion 432 may be connected to another excitation coil 3, and the first portion 431 and the second portion 432 may be detachably connected, such as by bolt connection, snap connection, etc.

[0050] The third conductive member 43 is divided into a first part 431 and a second part 432, and the first part 431 can be welded to one excitation coil 3, and the second part 432 can be welded to another excitation coil 3. At this time, all the excitation coils 3 can be separated from each other, so that all the excitation coils 3 can be smoothly installed on the corresponding magnetic pole head 2. After all the excitation coils 3 are installed, the first part 431 and the second part 432 of each third conductive member 43 are connected to realize the series connection of all the excitation coils 3. Of course, when the excitation coil 3 needs to be disassembled, the first part 431 and the second part 432 of the third conductive member 43 can be disassembled and separated first, and all the excitation coils 3 can be separated from each other, so that all the excitation coils 3 can be smoothly detached from the corresponding magnetic pole head 2. The structural setting of the third conductive member 43 not only facilitates the series connection of all the excitation coils 3, but also facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the excitation coil 3 on the iron core 1.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the excitation coil 3 may be a racetrack-type structure; an insulating member is provided between turns of the excitation coil 3;

[0052] Among them, the induction area of ​​the runway type coil is large, and the output signal is relatively stable. Moreover, insulating parts are arranged between the turns of the excitation coil 3, so as to avoid the occurrence of problems such as current short circuit and leakage, and at the same time, the excitation coil 3 can be protected from external interference, thereby improving the safety and stability of the magnet. Specifically, during the winding process of the excitation coil 3, the inter-turn insulation can be semi-lapped with polyimide and glass cloth, and formed by vacuum epoxy casting.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The wire ends of the excitation coils 3 are attached to the end surface of the core 1 and extend to the outside of the core 1 along the circumference of the core 1; and the wire ends of at least ten excitation coils 3 extending to the outside of the core 1 are arranged side by side.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the wire ends of the excitation coil 3 extend to the outside of the iron core 1 and are arranged side by side, which not only facilitates the assembly of other components such as the power connection assembly 4, but also makes the overall structure of the magnet simple and compact.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The magnet of the beam transmission system may further include a cooling component 6 , which is disposed outside the core 1 and connected to the excitation coil 3 for cooling the excitation coil 3 .

[0056] In the above embodiment, by providing the cooling assembly 6, the cooling assembly 6 can cool the excitation coil 3 to prevent the excitation coil 3 from over-temperature rise, thereby ensuring stable and efficient operation of the magnet of the beam transmission system.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 , a channel extending along the length of the wire of the excitation coil 3 is provided inside; the cooling assembly 6 may include a liquid inlet pipe 61, a liquid return pipe 62 and a plurality of first connecting pipes 63, the channels of at least two excitation coils 3 are connected through the corresponding first connecting pipes 63, the channel of at least one of the two excitation coils 3 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 61, and the channel of at least the other of the two excitation coils 3 is connected to the liquid return pipe 62; the liquid inlet pipe 61 is used to input the cooling liquid into the channels of the at least two excitation coils 3 in sequence; the liquid return pipe 62 is used to output the cooling liquid flowing out of the at least two excitation coils 3.

[0058] The excitation coil 3 can be wound with copper wire with a square outer surface and a round inner surface. One end of the channel of at least two excitation coils 3 among at least ten excitation coils 3 is connected through the corresponding first connecting pipe 63, and the other end of the channel of one of the at least two excitation coils 3 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 61, and the other end of the channel of the other is connected to the liquid return pipe 62, and the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 can be connected to an external device storing coolant, so that the liquid inlet pipe 61 can input the coolant into the channels of all the excitation coils 3, and the coolant exchanges heat in the excitation coil 3 and flows back to the external device storing coolant through the liquid return pipe 62, and the cycle is repeated to achieve cooling of the excitation coil 3 by the cooling component 6.

[0059] It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, at least two excitation coils 3 are connected through the first connecting tube 63, so that at least two excitation coils 3 among the at least ten excitation coils 3 are connected in series to each other and jointly supply and return liquid, rather than one excitation coil 3 supplying and returning liquid separately. This simplifies the structure of the cooling component 6 and reduces the cost of the cooling component 6 while ensuring the cooling effect of the excitation coil 3, thereby simplifying the structure of the magnet of the beam transmission system and reducing the cost of the magnet of the beam transmission system.

[0060] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 The cooling assembly 6 may further include a plurality of second connecting pipes 64, the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 are both connected to the channel of the corresponding excitation coil 3 through the corresponding second connecting pipe 64, the first connecting pipe 63 and the second connecting pipe 64 are both insulating pipes; moreover, the first connecting pipe 63 and the second connecting pipe 64 may both be flexible pipes; the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 may both be rigid pipes.

[0061] Since the first connecting tube 63 and the second connecting tube 64 are both connected to the excitation coil 3, the first connecting tube 63 and the second connecting tube 64 are provided with flexible tubes so that the first connecting tube 63 and the second connecting tube 64 can be deformed, thereby avoiding damage to the excitation coil 3 and facilitating assembly with the excitation coil 3, the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62. The liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 are connected to the external coolant device, and the two are provided as rigid tubes, which not only facilitates their assembly, but also ensures their assembly strength. Specifically, the first connecting tube 63 and the second connecting tube 64 can be plastic tubes; the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 can be stainless steel tubes, and the stainless steel tubes can be assembled and connected with the plastic tubes through threaded bayonet.

[0062] Understandably, see Figure 4 In order to facilitate the connection between the excitation coil 3 and the cooling assembly 6, a connector 31 for communicating with the first connecting pipe 63 and the second connecting pipe 64 can be provided at the end of the wire of the excitation coil 3.

[0063] In order to facilitate monitoring of the liquid inlet pressure and the liquid return pressure, so as to ensure the cooling of the excitation coil 3 by the cooling assembly 6, see Figure 1 and Figure 6 , pressure gauges 65 can be respectively provided on the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62. In addition, in order to ensure the structural stability of the cooling assembly 6, the liquid inlet pipe 61 and the liquid return pipe 62 can be fixed to the iron core 1 through a connector and located outside the iron core 1.

[0064] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a beam transmission system, comprising the magnet of the aforementioned beam transmission system.

[0065] The beam transmission system provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes the magnet of the beam transmission system mentioned above. Therefore, the beam transmission system has all the beneficial effects of the magnet of the beam transmission system, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a beam transmission system, comprising the magnet of the aforementioned beam transmission system.

[0067] The particle accelerator provided in the embodiment of the utility model includes the magnet of the beam transmission system or the beam transmission system mentioned above. Therefore, the particle accelerator has all the beneficial effects of the magnet of the beam transmission system, which will not be described in detail here.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A magnet for a beam transport system, characterized in that: include: An iron core, wherein the iron core is ring-shaped; A magnetic pole head, the magnetic pole head is arranged on the inner surface of the iron core and extends in the radial direction of the iron core, the number of the magnetic pole heads is at least ten, and the at least ten magnetic pole heads are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the iron core; Excitation coils, the number of the excitation coils is at least ten, and each of the excitation coils is wound around the outside of the corresponding magnetic pole head; A power connection component is arranged at the end of the wire of the excitation coil, at least ten excitation coils are connected in series through the power connection component, and the power connection component is used to connect an external power supply to supply power to the excitation coil.

2. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic pole head includes a plane located at its side and an arc surface located at its end, a protrusion is arranged between the plane and the arc surface, and the plane, the surface of the protrusion and the arc surface are smoothly transitioned.

3. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power connection assembly includes a plurality of conductive members, wherein the plurality of conductive members include a first conductive member, a second conductive member and a plurality of third conductive members; At least ten of the excitation coils are connected in series in sequence through a plurality of the third conductive members; The first conductive member is connected to one end of the first excitation coil among the at least ten excitation coils; the second conductive member is connected to one end of the last excitation coil among the at least ten excitation coils; The first conductive member and the second conductive member are used to connect to an external power source; The conductive member is an oxygen-free copper plate.

4. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third conductive member includes a first part and a second part, the first part is connected to one of the excitation coils, the second part is connected to the other excitation coil, and the first part and the second part are detachably connected.

5. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation coil is a racetrack-shaped structure; an insulating member is provided between turns of the excitation coil; The wire ends of the excitation coils are attached to the end surface of the core and extend to the outside of the core along the circumference of the core. The wire ends of at least ten excitation coils extending to the outside of the core are arranged side by side.

6. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A cooling component is arranged outside the iron core and connected to the excitation coil for cooling the excitation coil.

7. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conductive wire of the excitation coil is provided with a channel extending along its length; The cooling assembly includes a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid return pipe and a plurality of first connecting pipes, the channels of at least two of the excitation coils are connected through the corresponding first connecting pipes, the channel of at least one of the two excitation coils is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the channel of at least another of the two excitation coils is connected to the liquid return pipe; The liquid inlet pipe is used to input the cooling liquid into the channels of all the excitation coils; The liquid return pipe is used to output the cooling liquid flowing out of all the excitation coils.

8. The magnet of the beam transport system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling assembly further includes a plurality of second connecting pipes, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are both connected to the corresponding channel of the excitation coil through the corresponding second connecting pipe; The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are both flexible pipes; the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are both rigid pipes.

9. A beam transmission system, characterized in that: include: A magnet for a beam transport system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A particle accelerator, characterized in that: include: A magnet for a beam transport system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or a beam transport system according to claim 9.

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