Circuit breaker

Abstract

The utility model provides a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker comprises an operating mechanism used for executing opening and closing actions. The operating mechanism comprises a moving contact, a static contact, a four-bar mechanism and an electromagnetic actuating mechanism. And the four-bar mechanism is connected with the moving contact. And the four-bar mechanism is used for actuating the moving contact to complete opening and closing actions with the static contact. The electromagnetic actuating mechanism comprises a push rod. And one end of the push rod is connected with the moving contact. And the electromagnetic actuating mechanism actuates the push rod to operate the moving contact according to an excitation instruction so as to complete opening and closing actions with the static contact. According to the utility model, the four-bar mechanism and the electromagnetic actuating mechanism are adopted to realize opening and closing of the circuit breaker, and the number of mechanical parts used in the circuit breaker is reduced, so that the fault rate of the circuit breaker can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric power engineering, and in particular relates to an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker and a circuit breaker comprising the operating mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section are only intended to provide background information related to the present invention to help understand the present invention. Such background information does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] A circuit breaker is an electronic device that can connect, carry, and disconnect current under specified circuit conditions. It is an important part of the electrical industry. The application of circuit breakers can prevent circuit failures from endangering the safety of workers and the normal operation of equipment. With the increasing requirements for the intelligence and performance improvement of electronic devices in the low-voltage field, the problems of traditional circuit breakers, such as more mechanical hardware, the inability to flexibly adjust the circuit breaker working parameters according to line requirements, and the large size, are becoming increasingly prominent. Due to the large amount of hardware inside the circuit breaker, it is common for the entire circuit breaker to fail due to a failure of a certain part during operation, which will increase the device failure rate of the circuit breaker during use. Since the circuit breaker working parameters are fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to line requirements, if the line is upgraded or the line parameters are changed, the original circuit breaker will not be able to be used, resulting in device waste.

[0004] Therefore, on the basis of controlling power lines and protecting safe electricity use, as well as in the context of intelligent industry, there is an urgent need for a circuit breaker that can reduce the amount of hardware while improving working performance and flexibly modify working parameters. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a circuit breaker, comprising an operating mechanism for executing the opening and closing actions of the circuit breaker, wherein the operating mechanism comprises: a moving contact and a static contact; a four-bar linkage, which is connected to the moving contact, and the four-bar linkage is used to actuate the moving contact to complete the opening and closing actions with the static contact; an electromagnetic actuating mechanism, which comprises a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected to the moving contact, and the electromagnetic actuating mechanism actuates the push rod according to an excitation instruction to operate the moving contact to complete the opening and closing actions with the static contact.

[0006] Preferably, the four-bar linkage consists of a handle, a connecting rod, a base and a housing of the circuit breaker, the handle is fixed to the housing via a first rotating shaft, the handle is connected to one end of the connecting rod via a second rotating shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the base via a third rotating shaft, and the base is fixed to the housing via a fourth rotating shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the base is fixedly connected to the moving contact, and the moving contact rotates around a fourth rotation axis as the base moves.

[0008] Preferably, the four-bar linkage is configured such that when the handle is operated, the connecting rod drives the base to rotate around the fourth rotation axis as the handle rotates, thereby actuating the moving contact to complete a manual opening and closing action with the static contact.

[0009] Preferably, a waist-shaped hole is provided on the moving contact, and the moving contact is connected to a pin at one end of the push rod by using the waist-shaped hole.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the push rod and the moving contact are each provided with a circular hole, and the fifth rotating shaft passes through the circular holes of one end of the push rod and the moving contact to connect one end of the push rod with the moving contact.

[0011] Preferably, the electromagnetic actuation mechanism also includes a permanent magnet mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the permanent magnet mechanism includes an opening coil, a closing coil, a cylindrical bracket, a moving iron core and a permanent magnet; wherein the moving iron core is arranged inside the cylindrical bracket and moves axially along the cylindrical bracket; one end of the moving iron core is fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod; the permanent magnet, the opening coil and the closing coil are arranged outside the cylindrical bracket, and the permanent magnet is located between the opening coil and the closing coil.

[0013] Preferably, the circuit breaker further comprises a control mechanism; the control mechanism is used for sending an excitation instruction to the electromagnetic actuation mechanism according to the collected parameters of the working line and preset excitation conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the parameters of the working circuit include: the current of the working circuit and its rising rate, the voltage of the working circuit and the temperature of the working circuit.

[0015] The utility model improves the operating mechanism in the circuit breaker, adopts a four-bar linkage and an electromagnetic actuation mechanism to realize the opening and closing of the circuit breaker, reduces the number of mechanical components used in the circuit breaker, and thus can reduce the failure rate of the circuit breaker. The utility model integrates the functions of mechanical components such as the magnetic release, thermal release, and undervoltage release in the four-five-bar linkage into the control mechanism, judges whether the circuit breaker performs opening and closing actions according to the parameters of the working circuit and the preset excitation conditions, and sends the judgment result in the form of an excitation instruction to realize the control of the opening and closing of the circuit breaker. The utility model can design the excitation conditions for the opening and closing of the circuit breaker according to the conditions of different lines, thereby improving the adaptability of the circuit breaker to different lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The following is a further description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals represent the same components in each of the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0021] The operating mechanism of the circuit breaker can adopt a four-five-link mechanism composed of a contact system, a magnetic release, a thermal release, an undervoltage release, etc. The contact system is opened and closed by the operating mechanism. When a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the armature of the magnetic release is attracted, the operating mechanism is actuated, and the moving and static contacts of the contact system disconnect the circuit. When the circuit is overloaded, if the thermal element of the thermal release heats up, the bimetallic strip is bent, and the operating mechanism is pushed to disconnect the moving and static contacts of the contact system. When the circuit is undervoltage, the armature of the undervoltage release is released, pushing the operating mechanism to disconnect the moving and static contacts of the contact system. The arc extinguishing system is used to extinguish the arc generated by the circuit breaker disconnecting the line when a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit. In the above scheme, the magnetic release, the thermal release, and the undervoltage release rely on their respective mechanical components to activate the operating mechanism after the line current meets a certain multiple of the rated current and remains for a period of time, so as to realize the opening of the circuit breaker. For example, the magnetic release will operate the circuit breaker to open after the current in the lower circuit meets 1.45 times the rated current and the satisfaction lasts for 10 minutes; the thermal release will operate the circuit breaker to open after the thermal element of the thermal release heats up and causes the bimetallic strip to bend. Due to the different set opening conditions, the mechanical components of each release need to work separately and open according to the specific line conditions. This results in a large number of mechanical parts inside the circuit breaker. When working, it is common for the entire circuit breaker to fail due to a failure in a certain component, which will increase the device failure rate of the circuit breaker during use. Due to the use of mechanical components, the operating parameters of the circuit breaker are usually fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the line requirements. If the line is upgraded or the line parameters change, the original circuit breaker will not be able to be used, resulting in device waste.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment of the utility model, an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker is proposed. It includes: a moving contact 101, a stationary contact 102, a four-bar linkage 103 and an electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104. The separation and closing of the moving contact 101 and the stationary contact 102 represent the opening and closing of the circuit breaker. The four-bar linkage 103 is connected to the moving contact 101, and the operation of the four-bar linkage can actuate the moving contact 101 to complete the manual opening and closing action with the stationary contact 102. One end of the push rod 1041 in the electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104 is connected to the moving contact 101, and the electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104 actuates the push rod 1041 according to the excitation instruction to operate the moving contact 101 and the stationary contact 102 to complete the automatic opening and closing action. In the embodiment of the utility model, the excitation instruction is issued by the control mechanism in the circuit breaker, which is used to instruct the operating mechanism to perform the opening or closing action. The utility model adopts a four-link mechanism and an electromagnetic actuating mechanism to respectively realize manual opening and closing and automatic opening and closing of the circuit breaker. Compared with the circuit breaker using a four- or five-link mechanism, the number of mechanical components used inside the circuit breaker is reduced, thereby reducing the situation of circuit breaker failure caused by mechanical component failure.

[0023] In one embodiment of the utility model, the four-bar linkage 103 may be composed of a handle 1031, a connecting rod 1032, a base 1033 and a housing of the circuit breaker. The handle 1031 is fixed to the housing via a first rotating shaft 1034, the handle 1031 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 1032 via a second rotating shaft 1035, the other end of the connecting rod 1032 is connected to the base 1033 via a third rotating shaft 1036, and the base 1033 is fixed to the housing via a fourth rotating shaft 1037.

[0024] In one embodiment of the utility model, the base 1033 is fixedly rigidly connected to the moving contact 101, and the moving contact 101 can rotate around the fourth rotation axis 1037 along with the movement of the base 1033. The operating handle 1031 can enable the four-bar linkage 103 to actuate the moving contact 101 to complete the manual opening and closing action with the static contact 102. For the specific movement relationship, please refer to Figure 1, in order to separate the moving contact 101 from the stationary contact 102, the handle 1031 is moved to the right, the handle 1031 rotates clockwise around the first rotation axis 1034, and the connecting rod 1032 moves to the left as the handle 1031 rotates. The connecting rod 1032 moves to the left and drives the base 1033 to rotate counterclockwise around the fourth rotation axis 1037. Further, the rotation of the base 1033 drives the moving contact 101 to rotate counterclockwise. Conversely, in order to close the moving contact 101 and the stationary contact 102, the handle 1031 is moved to the left, the handle 1031 rotates counterclockwise around the first rotation axis 1034, and the connecting rod 1032 moves to the right as the handle 1031 rotates. The connecting rod 1032 moves to the right and drives the base 1033 to rotate clockwise around the fourth rotation axis 1037. Further, the rotation of the base 1033 drives the moving contact 101 to rotate clockwise.

[0025] For more information on the connection between the moving contact 101 and the push rod 1041, please refer to Figure 1 In one embodiment of the utility model, a waist-shaped hole 1011 is provided on the moving contact 101, and the moving contact 101 is connected to a pin at one end of the push rod 1041 by using the waist-shaped hole 1011.

[0026] In one embodiment of the utility model, the connection method between the moving contact 101 and the push rod 1041 can also include a circular hole being provided on one end of the push rod 1041 and the moving contact 101, and the fifth rotating shaft is passed through one end of the push rod 1041 and the circular hole of the moving contact 101 to connect one end of the push rod 1041 to the moving contact 101.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic braking mechanism 104 further includes a permanent magnet mechanism. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a permanent magnet mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the permanent magnet mechanism includes an opening coil 1042, a closing coil 1043, a cylindrical bracket 1044, a moving iron core 1045 and a permanent magnet 1046. The moving iron core 1045 is arranged inside the cylindrical bracket 1044 and moves axially along the cylindrical bracket 1044; one end of the moving iron core 1045 is fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod 1041; the permanent magnet 1046, the opening coil 1042 and the closing coil 1043 are arranged outside the cylindrical bracket 1044, and the permanent magnet 1046 is located between the opening coil 1042 and the closing coil 1043.

[0028] In one embodiment of the utility model, the electromagnetic actuation mechanism 104 actuates the push rod 1041 to operate the moving contact 101 to complete the automatic opening and closing action with the static contact 102 according to the excitation instruction. The working principle is as follows: if the excitation instruction is opening, a direct current is provided to the opening coil 1042. The magnetic field generated by the direct current in the opening coil 1042 causes the moving iron core 1045 to move in the first axial direction of the cylindrical bracket 1044, and actuates the push rod 1041 to operate the moving contact 101 to separate from the static contact 102. The separated state is maintained by the permanent magnet 1046. If the excitation instruction is closing, a direct current is provided to the closing coil 1043. The magnetic field generated by the direct current in the closing coil 1043 causes the moving iron core 1045 to move in the second axial direction of the cylindrical bracket 1044, and actuates the push rod 1041 to operate the moving contact 101 to close with the static contact 102. The closed state is maintained by the permanent magnet 1046.

[0029] Figure 3 According to one embodiment of the present invention, the Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the circuit breaker structure of the operating mechanism is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the utility model, the circuit breaker also includes a control mechanism. The control structure is used to send an excitation instruction to the electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104, so that the electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104 actuates the push rod 1041 to operate the moving contact 101 according to the above-mentioned working principle to complete the opening and closing action with the static contact 102. The control mechanism includes: an acquisition module 201 and a calculation module 202. The acquisition module 201 is used to collect parameters of the working circuit. The calculation module 202 is used to send an excitation instruction to the electromagnetic actuating mechanism 104 according to the collected parameters of the working circuit and the preset excitation conditions. The preset excitation condition is a judgment condition for judging whether the circuit breaker performs an opening and closing action. In some embodiments, the control mechanism may also include a circuit board for fixing the acquisition module and the calculation module.

[0030] The utility model integrates the functions of mechanical components such as magnetic release, thermal release, undervoltage release into the control mechanism. The control mechanism is designed through software algorithm, and can judge whether the circuit breaker performs opening and closing action according to the parameters of the working line and the preset excitation conditions, and send the judgment result to the electromagnetic actuation mechanism in the form of an excitation instruction, so that the electromagnetic actuation mechanism operates the moving contact to the static contact to realize the control of the opening and closing of the circuit breaker. Compared with the prior art, the intelligent monitoring, calculation and control of the opening and closing of the circuit breaker reduce the number of mechanical components used in the circuit breaker, and can reduce the situation of circuit breaker failure caused by mechanical component failure.

[0031] In one embodiment of the utility model, the parameters of the working circuit include: the current of the working circuit and its rising rate, the voltage of the working circuit and the temperature of the working circuit. The embodiment of the utility model can also flexibly set the working parameters of the circuit breaker, design the excitation conditions of the circuit breaker opening and closing according to the conditions of different circuits, and improve the adaptability of the circuit breaker to different circuits.

[0032] In one embodiment of the utility model, the control mechanism may further include an electronic arc extinguishing module, which is arranged in the circuit board and is used to quickly limit the fault current to achieve arc extinguishing protection. The electronic arc extinguishing module includes an energy absorption branch. When the circuit breaker opening distance reaches a set value, the energy absorption branch is turned on to transfer the fault current to the energy transfer branch, and the energy generated by the fault current is absorbed by the metal oxide varistor in the energy transfer branch. Preferably, the range of the set value is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the maximum opening distance of the moving and static contacts in the circuit breaker.

[0033] In one embodiment of the utility model, the electronic arc extinguishing module may further include a transfer branch; when the circuit breaker opening distance reaches a set value, the power electronic switch in the transfer branch is turned on, and since the arc voltage generated by the circuit breaker opening is greater than the voltage drop of the transfer branch at this time, the fault current is transferred from the working line to the transfer branch. Then, the power electronic switch in the transfer branch is turned off, so that the fault current is transferred to the energy transfer branch, and the energy generated by the fault current is absorbed by the metal oxide varistor in the energy transfer branch.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the circuit breaker also includes an indicator light, which is always red when the moving contact 101 and the static contact 102 are closed and energized, and is always green when the moving contact 101 and the static contact 102 are closed and energized, so as to accurately display the working status of the circuit breaker.

[0035] The circuit breaker in the utility model integrates the functions of multiple mechanical components in the existing circuit breaker into the control mechanism, and while reducing the number of mechanical components used inside the circuit breaker, the working parameters of the circuit breaker can be flexibly set, and the excitation conditions for opening and closing the circuit breaker are designed according to the conditions of different lines. While reducing the failure rate of the circuit breaker, the adaptability of the circuit breaker to different lines is improved.

[0036] References in this specification to "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "one embodiment," or "an embodiment," etc. refer to a particular feature, structure, or property described in conjunction with the embodiment being included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in various embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment," etc., in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, particular features, structures, or properties may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, particular features, structures, or properties shown or described in conjunction with one embodiment may be combined in whole or in part with features, structures, or properties of one or more other embodiments without restriction, as long as the combination is not illogical or inoperable.

[0037] The expressions of "including", "having" and similar meanings in this specification are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. "One" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. In addition, the elements in the drawings of the utility model are only for illustrative purposes and are not drawn to scale.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but also includes various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker, comprising an operating mechanism for performing opening and closing actions of the circuit breaker, characterized in that: The operating mechanism comprises: A moving contact (101) and a stationary contact (102); A four-bar linkage (103) connected to the moving contact (101), the four-bar linkage being used to actuate the moving contact (101) to complete an opening and closing action with the stationary contact (102); An electromagnetic actuation mechanism (104) comprises a push rod (1041), one end of the push rod (1041) being connected to the moving contact (101), and the electromagnetic actuation mechanism (104) actuates the push rod (1041) according to an excitation instruction to operate the moving contact (101) to complete an opening and closing action with the static contact (102).

2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-bar linkage (103) is composed of a handle (1031), a connecting rod (1032), a base (1033) and a housing of the circuit breaker; the handle (1031) is fixed to the housing via a first rotating shaft (1034); the handle (1031) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (1032) via a second rotating shaft (1035); the other end of the connecting rod (1032) is connected to the base (1033) via a third rotating shaft (1036); and the base (1033) is fixed to the housing via a fourth rotating shaft (1037).

3. The circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1033) is fixedly connected to the moving contact (101), and the moving contact (101) rotates around a fourth rotating shaft (1037) as the base (1033) moves.

4. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four-bar linkage (103) is configured such that when the handle (1031) is operated, the connecting rod (1032) drives the base (1033) to rotate around the fourth rotation axis (1037) as the handle (1031) rotates, thereby actuating the moving contact (101) to complete a manual opening and closing action with the static contact (102).

5. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving contact (101) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (1011), and the moving contact (101) is connected to a pin at one end of the push rod (1041) by utilizing the waist-shaped hole (1011).

6. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the push rod (1041) and the moving contact (101) are each provided with a circular hole, and a fifth rotating shaft is passed through the circular holes of one end of the push rod (1041) and the moving contact (101), so that one end of the push rod (1041) is connected to the moving contact (101).

7. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic actuation mechanism (104) further comprises a permanent magnet mechanism.

8. The circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that: The permanent magnet mechanism comprises an opening coil (1042), a closing coil (1043), a cylindrical bracket (1044), a moving iron core (1045) and a permanent magnet (1046); The moving iron core (1045) is arranged inside the cylindrical bracket (1044) and moves axially along the cylindrical bracket (1044); one end of the moving iron core (1045) is fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod (1041); the permanent magnet (1046), the opening coil (1042) and the closing coil (1043) are arranged outside the cylindrical bracket (1044), and the permanent magnet (1046) is located between the opening coil (1042) and the closing coil (1043).

9. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The circuit breaker also includes a control mechanism; The control mechanism is used to send an excitation instruction to the electromagnetic actuation mechanism (104) according to the acquired parameters of the working circuit and the preset excitation conditions.

10. The circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that: The parameters of the working circuit include: the current of the working circuit and its rising rate, the voltage of the working circuit and the temperature of the working circuit.

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