Garbage sorting system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage sorting system which can subdivide garbage into various types according to different particle sizes, realize fine classification of construction garbage and improve the available range of the construction garbage. The system comprises a spiral screen used for screening construction waste into a first type of waste, a second type of waste and a third type of waste; the first screening assembly is used for screening the first type of garbage into two types according to the weight; the drum screen is used for screening the third type of garbage into garbage with the particle size larger than or equal to a first threshold value and garbage with the particle size smaller than the first threshold value and outputting the garbage; the winnowing assembly is used for winnowing the garbage which is screened by the drum screen and has the particle size smaller than a first threshold value; and the second screening assembly is used for screening the garbage winnowed by the winnowing assembly according to the particle size, and the screened garbage is garbage with the particle size smaller than a second threshold value and garbage with the particle size larger than or equal to the second threshold value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building waste sorting, in particular to a waste sorting system. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of construction waste generated and discharged in cities is also growing rapidly. Recycling construction waste is an important part of environmental protection. There are many types of construction waste, including bricks, cement blocks, lightweight waste, etc. Different types of waste have different particle sizes.

[0003] Different types of construction waste have different use scenarios. In order to realize the recycling of construction waste, the existing "construction waste dry sorting system" with application number CN201810480471.5 is used to realize waste sorting. It includes a vibrating feeder sorter, on which a fine garbage separation mechanism is provided; a first sorting mechanism, including a first sorting platform, a soft light garbage grabbing mechanism and a first classification and concentration mechanism, and the soft light garbage grabbing device is horizontally placed above the first sorting mechanism; a crusher, arranged behind the first sorting mechanism, receives the garbage dropped from the first sorting mechanism through a first conveyor belt, and a second conveyor belt is provided below the crushing outlet; an iron remover, arranged above the second conveyor belt; a second sorting mechanism, arranged at the end of the second conveyor belt, including a second sorting platform, a second classification and concentration mechanism and a light garbage secondary sorting mechanism, a discharge belt is connected to the end of the second sorting mechanism, and the second classification and concentration mechanism is respectively connected to the light garbage secondary sorting mechanism and the discharge belt.

[0004] The above structure can separate light garbage and heavy garbage, wherein the light garbage includes ropes, packaging bags, plastic plates, etc. For sandstone blocks, concrete blocks, etc., fine garbage is separated by the first sorting mechanism and separated again by the second sorting mechanism.

[0005] In order to better realize the recycling of construction waste, the finer the classification of construction waste, the more thorough its utilization. However, the existing sorting system is relatively rough in classifying heavy waste, which affects the usable range of the sorted heavy waste. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a garbage sorting system, which can subdivide medium garbage into multiple categories according to different particle sizes, realize the refined classification of construction waste, and improve the scope of utilization of construction waste.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model provides a garbage sorting system, comprising:

[0009] A spiral screen, wherein the spiral screen is used to screen the construction waste into first-class waste, second-class waste and third-class waste, wherein the particle size of the first-class waste is larger than that of the second-class waste, and the particle size of the second-class waste is larger than that of the third-class waste;

[0010] a first screening component, the first screening component is used to screen the first type of garbage into two types according to weight;

[0011] A drum screen, the drum screen is used to screen the third type of garbage into garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to a first threshold and garbage with a particle size less than the first threshold;

[0012] A wind selection component, the wind selection component is used to wind select the garbage with a particle size smaller than a first threshold screened by the drum screen;

[0013] The second screening component is used to screen the garbage selected by the air separation component according to the particle size, and screen it into garbage with a particle size smaller than a second threshold and garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to the second threshold, wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.

[0014] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] This solution can subdivide heavy garbage in construction waste into multiple categories according to different particle sizes by adopting a spiral screen, a first screening component, a drum screen, and a second screening component, thereby achieving refined classification of construction waste and improving the utilization rate and usable range of construction waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the garbage sorting system of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a spiral screen;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a top view of the spiral screen;

[0020] Figure 4 is a side view of a spiral screen, wherein part of it has a cross-sectional effect;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second screening component

[0022] Figure 6 is a side view of the second screening assembly;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the positions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The utility model discloses a garbage sorting system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a spiral screen 1, a first screening component 2, a drum screen 3, an air selection component 4 and a second screening component 5.

[0031] The spiral screen 1 is used to screen construction waste into first-class waste, second-class waste and third-class waste, wherein the particle size of the first-class waste is larger than that of the second-class waste, and the particle size of the second-class waste is larger than that of the third-class waste. The first screening component is used to screen the first-class waste into two categories according to weight. The drum screen 3 is used to screen the third-class waste into waste with a particle size greater than or equal to a first threshold and waste with a particle size less than the first threshold for output. The wind selection component is used to wind-select waste with a particle size less than the first threshold screened by the drum screen 3. The second screening component is used to screen the waste after wind selection by the wind selection component 4 according to particle size, and screen it into waste with a particle size less than a second threshold and waste with a particle size greater than or equal to the second threshold, wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold.

[0032] Specifically, the spiral screen 1 is implemented by the following structure:

[0033] Reference Figures 2 to 4 , a first screening box, a feeding assembly and a driving assembly 13.

[0034] The first screening box includes a box body 111, a first sieve plate arranged in the box body 111, a first discharge port 112 arranged at one end of the first sieve plate, and a second discharge port 113 arranged at one side of the first sieve plate, wherein the aperture of the sieve holes on the first sieve plate is set according to the specific particle size to be screened. The feeding assembly includes at least two spiral shafts 12 arranged above the first sieve plate and in parallel, one end of the spiral shaft is placed on one side of the first discharge port 112, and the spiral shaft 12 includes a rotating shaft 121 and a spiral sheet 122 wound on the rotating shaft; the driving assembly is connected to the feeding assembly to drive the feeding assembly to rotate.

[0035] With the above structure, construction waste enters the box 111 through the end of the spiral shaft 12 away from the first discharge port 112. Under the action of the spiral shaft 12, some small-particle construction waste falls below the spiral shaft 12, and the remaining large-particle construction waste is placed above the spiral shaft 12, such as bricks and stones with larger particle sizes or plastic boards, plastic bags and other materials that cannot fall. The driving component drives the spiral shaft 12 to rotate toward the second discharge port 113. While rotating, the large-particle construction waste moves toward the second discharge port 113 under the action of the spiral blade and then enters the second discharge port 113. Small-particle construction waste that falls below the spiral shaft 12 and construction waste with a diameter smaller than the sieve hole of the first sieve plate falls, and construction waste with a diameter larger than the sieve hole of the first sieve plate moves toward the first discharge port 112 under the action of the spiral shaft 12 and then enters the first discharge port 112. Among them, the first type of garbage is screened out through the second discharge port 113, the second type of garbage is screened out through the first discharge port 112, and the third type of garbage is screened out through the first sieve plate. The aperture of the sieve holes on the first sieve plate is greater than the first threshold value.

[0036] In order to facilitate the recycling of garbage, a third collecting hopper 114 is provided below the first screen plate.

[0037] In order to facilitate the recycling of garbage, a first discharge hopper 115 is provided below the first discharge port 112 , and / or a second discharge hopper 116 is provided below the second discharge port 113 .

[0038] The drive assembly 13 realizes the rotation drive of the screw shaft 12, and there are many ways to realize it. In order to simplify the device structure, it exemplarily includes a drive motor 131 and a transmission gear assembly connected to the drive motor 131. The transmission gear assembly is arranged on the screw shaft 12. The number of gears in the transmission gear assembly and its specific connection structure are conventional technologies, which are not described in detail in this solution. With the transmission gear assembly structure, one drive motor can drive multiple screw shafts 12, simplifying the device structure.

[0039] On the basis of the above structure, in order to prevent the lubricating oil on the transmission gear assembly from dripping everywhere, an oil collecting tank 133 is arranged on the first screening box below the transmission gear assembly.

[0040] In order to enhance the protection of the transmission gear assembly and avoid the influence of construction waste on the assembly during the screening process, a cavity is provided on the first screening box for placing the transmission gear assembly to achieve isolation of the transmission gear assembly from the first screen plate and the screw shaft 12. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the transmission gear assembly, an opening and closing door structure 117 is provided above the cavity.

[0041] For example, Figure 3As shown, multiple screw shafts 12 are provided, and two sets of drive components 13 are used to achieve drive. When the above structure is adopted, the inlet of the construction waste is preferably arranged as follows Figure 4 At the upper left position shown, a second conveyor belt assembly 62 can be used to convey the construction waste to the feed port, and the second conveyor belt assembly 62 can be a chain conveyor.

[0042] The particle size of the construction waste screened out through the second discharge port 113 is determined by the distance between two adjacent spiral shafts 12. The distance between two adjacent spiral shafts 12 can be adjusted according to specific screening requirements. On this basis, in order to achieve reliable screening of construction waste, the distance between the two adjacent rotating shafts 121 is less than twice the outer diameter of the spiral blade 122, that is, Figure 3 As shown, the spiral pieces 122 of two adjacent spiral shafts 12 in the axial direction partially overlap. The above structure can enhance the ability of the spiral shaft 12 to screen large particles of construction waste.

[0043] The first screening component screens the first type of garbage into two categories according to weight, and can directly use the existing gravity sorting belt conveyor to separate the first type of garbage into lighter light garbage and heavier masonry. Figure 1 A first receiving hopper 71 and a second receiving hopper 72 are respectively arranged at both ends of the gravity sorting belt conveyor to collect light garbage and bricks and stones.

[0044] It also includes a first conveyor belt assembly 61 for conveying the first type of garbage screened by the spiral screen 1 to the gravity sorting belt conveyor.

[0045] The second type of garbage is directly conveyed to the third receiving hopper 73 via the third conveyor belt assembly 63. The second type of garbage is bricks and stones with a particle size larger than the sieve holes of the first sieve plate. Its particle size is relatively large, but its particle size is smaller than the brick and stone particle size in the second receiving hopper 72.

[0046] The drum screen 3 screens the third type of garbage into garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to the first threshold and garbage with a particle size less than the first threshold for output. It can be implemented using the existing drum screen structure and will not be described in detail in this solution.

[0047] For example, the third type of garbage is conveyed to the drum screen 3 via the fourth conveyor belt assembly 64, and the drum screen 3 screens it, and the garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to the first threshold is conveyed to the fourth receiving hopper 74 via the fifth conveyor belt assembly 65; the garbage with a particle size less than the first threshold is conveyed to the second screening assembly 5 via the sixth conveyor belt assembly 66. The wind selection assembly 4 is arranged on the sixth conveyor belt assembly 66.

[0048] The air selection component 4 is directly composed of existing fans, etc., and can adopt existing negative pressure air selection fans, which are directly fixed above the sixth conveyor belt component 66 in principle without affecting the conveying of the sixth conveyor belt component 66.

[0049] The second screening component 5 can be implemented by the following structure:

[0050] The second screening assembly 5 includes a second screening box 23, a screen structure, and a vibration assembly 54. The screen structure is arranged on the second screening box 23, and the vibration assembly 54 is placed under the screen structure to control the vibration state of the screen structure.

[0051] The specific structures of the second screening box 53, the screen body structure, and the vibration assembly 54 can be realized by using existing technologies, or by using the following methods: Figure 5 The structure shown.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 5 A feed port 531 is provided on the second screening box 53; the screen body structure includes a screen plate assembly and a drain rod 52 at one end of which is fixed on the screen plate assembly, and one end of the screen plate assembly is placed at the feed port 531, and the height of one end of the screen plate assembly placed at the feed port 531 is higher than that of the other end, and a vibration assembly 54 is placed under the screen body structure to drive the screen body structure to vibrate.

[0053] By adopting the above structure, when in use, the height of one end of the screen plate assembly along the material conveying direction is higher than the other end. During the vibration process, the material vibrates and falls, and contacts and collides with the drain rod 52, which can not only achieve buffering and release, reduce the force on the screen plate assembly, and increase the service life of the screen plate; when screening crushable materials such as construction waste, the material vibrates and falls and contacts and collides with the drain rod 52 to achieve material crushing, thereby achieving the crushing and screening of larger particles.

[0054] For example, Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the sieve plate assembly includes at least two second sieve plates 511 arranged in sequence and at different heights and a connecting plate 512 for connecting two adjacent second sieve plates, and one end of the drain rod 52 is connected to the connecting plate 512. With this structure, the drain rod 52 is easily installed and fixed.

[0055] In order to facilitate the installation of the second sieve plate 511 and the connecting plate, Figure 7 As shown, the connecting plate 512 is a U-shaped plate and the connecting plate 512 is connected to the second sieve plate 511 by bolts.

[0056] In order to further enhance the stability of the fixation of the drag rod 52, one end of the second screen plate 511 is U-shaped. Figure 7 As shown, the second screen plate 511 is U-shaped and connected to the drain rod 52 , and together with the connecting plate 512 , it increases the supporting thickness of the connecting end of the drain rod 52 , further improving the structural stability.

[0057] In order to facilitate the replacement of the drag rod 52, the drag rod 52 and the connecting plate 512 are detachably connected, for example, bolts can be used to achieve a fixed connection.

[0058] With the above structure, the second sieve plate 511 has different heights. When installed and used, the second sieve plate 511 can be set to a horizontal or inclined state. In order to accelerate the falling of the material, it is preferably set to an inclined state. The second sieve plate 511 is kept parallel.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , seven second sieve plates 511 are provided, and a discharge force rod 52 is fixed between the connecting plates 512 between two adjacent second sieve plates 511 .

[0060] The force release rod 52 is made of a material with strong impact resistance, such as metal iron, alloy and the like.

[0061] In order to facilitate the collection of screened materials, a material collection box 55 is also provided under the screen structure.

[0062] In order to achieve shock absorption, a bracket 56 is further included, and the bracket 56 is connected to the screening box 53 through a shock absorbing spring 57 .

[0063] In order to facilitate the replacement of the second sieve plate 511 , the second sieve plate 511 and the screening box 53 are connected by bolts, that is, a flange structure is provided on one side where the second sieve plate 511 and the screening box 53 are connected to realize the bolt connection.

[0064] The construction waste collected in the material collection box 55 is conveyed to the fifth receiving hopper 75 via the seventh conveyor belt assembly 67 , and the construction waste falling along the end of the lowest second screen plate 511 is conveyed to the sixth receiving hopper 76 via the eighth conveyor belt assembly 68 .

[0065] For example, the sieve hole diameter of the first sieve plate of the spiral screen 1 is set to 80 mm, the spiral screen 1 uses a spiral screen 1 with a screening threshold of 30 mm, and the sieve hole diameter of the second sieve plate of the second screening component 5 is set to 8 mm. Figure 1 In the system shown, the fourth collecting hopper 74 can collect bricks and stones with a particle size of 30 mm to 80 mm; the sixth collecting hopper 76 can collect bricks and stones with a particle size of 8 mm to 30 mm; and the fifth collecting hopper 75 can collect bricks and stones with a particle size of 0 mm to 8 mm.

[0066] By adopting the above structure, it is possible to achieve fine screening of construction waste according to different particle sizes, so that the screened construction waste can be applied to a more appropriate range of fields, thereby improving the utilization rate and applicable range of the construction waste.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garbage sorting system, characterized in that: include: A spiral screen (1), the spiral screen (1) being used to screen construction waste into first-category waste, second-category waste and third-category waste, wherein the particle size of the first-category waste is larger than the particle size of the second-category waste, and the particle size of the second-category waste is larger than the particle size of the third-category waste; a first screening component (2), the first screening component being used to screen the first category of garbage into two categories according to weight; A drum screen (3), the drum screen (3) being used to screen the third type of garbage into garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to a first threshold and garbage with a particle size less than the first threshold for output; A wind selection component (4), the wind selection component being used to wind select garbage having a particle size smaller than a first threshold value screened by the drum screen (3); A second screening component (5), the second screening component is used to screen the garbage after being air-selected by the air-selection component (4) according to particle size, and screen the garbage into garbage with a particle size smaller than a second threshold and garbage with a particle size greater than or equal to the second threshold, wherein the second threshold is smaller than the first threshold.

2. A garbage sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first screening component (2) is a gravity sorting belt conveyor.

3. A garbage sorting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first conveyor belt assembly (61) for conveying the first type of garbage screened by the spiral screen (1) to the gravity sorting belt conveyor.

4. A garbage sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral screen (1) comprises: A first screening box, the first screening box comprising a box body (111), a first screen plate arranged in the box body (111), a first discharge port (112) arranged at one end of the first screen plate, and a second discharge port (113) arranged at one side of the first screen plate, wherein the aperture of the screen holes on the first screen plate is greater than a first threshold value; A material conveying assembly, the material conveying assembly comprising at least two spiral shafts (12) disposed above the first screen plate and arranged in parallel, one end of the spiral shaft being disposed on one side of the first material discharge port (112), the spiral shaft (12) comprising a rotating shaft (121) and a spiral sheet (122) wound around the rotating shaft; A driving assembly (13) is connected to the material conveying assembly and is used to drive the material conveying assembly to rotate.

5. A garbage sorting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the rotating shafts of two adjacent rotating shafts (121) is less than twice the outer diameter of the spiral sheet (122).

6. A garbage sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second screening component (5) comprises: a second screening box (53), wherein the second screening box (53) is provided with a feed inlet (531); a sieve body structure, the sieve body structure being placed on the second screening box (53), the sieve body structure comprising a sieve plate assembly and a force relief rod (52) having one end fixed to the sieve plate assembly, and one end of the sieve plate assembly being placed at the feed inlet (531); A vibration component (54), the vibration component (54) being disposed under the sieve body structure and used for driving the sieve body structure to vibrate.

7. A garbage sorting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sieve plate assembly comprises at least two second sieve plates (511) arranged in sequence and having different heights, and a connecting plate (512) for connecting two adjacent second sieve plates, and one end of the drain rod (52) is connected to the connecting plate (512).

8. A garbage sorting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting plate (512) is a U-shaped plate and the connecting plate (512) is connected to the second sieve plate (511) via bolts.

9. A garbage sorting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The screening box (53) is connected to the bracket (56) via a shock absorbing spring (57).

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