Bidirectional expansion type crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bidirectional expansion type crushing device. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device comprises a pressurizing pipe, a first expansion pipe, a guide rod and a second expansion pipe, wherein the first expansion pipe is connected with the pressurizing pipe, and the pressurizing pipe extrudes the first expansion pipe to enable the first expansion pipe to deform and absorb energy when bearing axial force larger than triggering force of the pressurizing pipe; the guide rod penetrates through the first expansion pipe, one end extends into the pressurizing pipe, and the other end is connected with the first expansion pipe; the second expansion pipe is arranged in the pressurizing pipe, one end of the second expansion pipe is connected with the guide rod, and the second expansion pipe plastically deforms to absorb impact energy while the first expansion pipe deforms. Two-way double energy absorption is achieved through matching of the first expansion pipe and the second expansion pipe, the energy absorption capacity of the crushing device is improved in a limited space, meanwhile, through matching design of the end nut and the pressurizing cone, regulation and control of the steady-state load are achieved, and the load requirements of different design threshold values can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular relates to a bidirectional expansion type crushing device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of high-speed railway transportation at home and abroad, the safety performance of trains, especially the passive safety performance, has received more and more attention. Passive safety of trains refers to the use of the collision resistance of the train body structure to reduce or even eliminate the adverse effects of collisions when a major railway accident is inevitable, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel to the greatest extent possible. The higher the collision resistance of the train, the greater the safety factor of personnel in the event of a collision.

[0003] Traditional expansion-type crushing devices can only achieve energy absorption in a single direction, and in order to ensure the expansion energy absorption effect, it is necessary to ensure that the pressurized pipe has sufficient length. Therefore, in terms of length, the proportion of energy-absorbing elements in the entire pressure-fed pipe is obviously insufficient, less than 50%. Affected by vehicle performance and other factors, the distance between vehicles is often limited, so it is very important to increase the energy absorption capacity in a limited space.

[0004] There are some designs in the prior art for a crushing device capable of achieving bidirectional energy absorption. However, the bidirectional energy absorption crushing device in the prior art usually only fills the pressure tube with energy absorbing material, and its fixed structural design results in limited energy absorption capacity and inability to achieve the allocation of the compression load. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a bidirectional expansion type crushing device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A bidirectional expansion type crushing device, comprising:

[0008] Pressurized pipe;

[0009] The first expansion tube is connected to the pressurizing tube, and when the pressurizing tube is subjected to an axial force greater than a triggering force of the pressurizing tube, the first expansion tube is squeezed to deform the first expansion tube;

[0010] Guide rod: penetrates the first expansion tube, one end of which extends into the pressurized tube and the other end is connected to the first expansion tube;

[0011] The second expansion tube is arranged in the pressurized tube, and one end of the second expansion tube is connected to the guide rod. When the first expansion tube is deformed, the second expansion tube undergoes plastic deformation to absorb impact energy.

[0012] In some embodiments of the utility model, the end of the second expansion tube on the side matching with the guide rod is provided with a flared section with a gradually increasing inner diameter; an end nut is provided between the flared section of the second expansion tube and the guide rod;

[0013] The end surface of the end nut facing the second expansion pipe is a conical surface, and the conical surface is in contact with and connected to the inner surface of the expanded section of the second expansion pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments of the utility model, a gap is provided between the outer wall of the end nut and the inner wall of the pressurized tube, and when the second expansion tube undergoes plastic deformation, the expanded section of the second expansion tube expands and deforms into the gap under the induction of the conical surface.

[0015] In some embodiments of the utility model, an annular boss is provided on the inner wall of the end of the pressurized tube, and the end of the end nut away from the second expansion tube abuts against the annular boss.

[0016] In some embodiments of the utility model, an anti-rotation member is further included;

[0017] The end of the guide rod is radially provided with a through hole penetrating the rod body, and the end nut is provided with an anti-rotation hole. The anti-rotation part passes through the anti-rotation hole and is at least partially inserted into the through hole to prevent the end nut from radially rotating relative to the guide rod.

[0018] In some embodiments of the utility model, an anti-rotation member is further included;

[0019] The inner surface of the end nut is provided with at least two grooves, the two ends of the anti-rotation component are respectively embedded in the two grooves, and the anti-rotation component is fixedly connected with the guide rod by bolts.

[0020] In some embodiments of the utility model, the guide rod includes a guide section and a connecting section, the diameter of the guide section is smaller than the inner diameter of the first expansion tube, the diameter of the connecting section is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the expansion tube, the guide section passes through the first expansion tube, and the connecting section is connected to the expansion tube.

[0021] In some embodiments of the utility model, a keyway is provided on the rod body of the guide rod located inside the first expansion tube or the pressurized tube, a guide key is installed in the keyway, and the outer surface of the guide key fits the inner surface of the pressurized tube.

[0022] In some embodiments of the utility model, a pressurizing cone is arranged between the pressurizing tube and the first expansion tube, the pressurizing cone is press-fitted to the end of the pressurizing tube, and the conical surface of the pressurizing cone is in contact and connected with the inner surface of the first expansion tube.

[0023] In some embodiments of the utility model, an action indicator pin is installed on the outer wall of the pressurized tube, and the action indicator pin is located on the outside of the first expansion tube. When the pressurized tube is squeezed by an axial force greater than the trigger force of the pressurized tube, the action indicator pin abuts against the first expansion tube.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. The crushing device provided by the utility model embeds the second expansion tube in the pressurized tube, combines the pressurized cone with the end nut, and in the process of the traditional pressurized tube squeezing the first expansion tube along the guide rod to achieve energy absorption, the end nut squeezes the second expansion tube inside the pressurized tube and plastically deforms at the same time, and cooperates with the first expansion tube to digitally display bidirectional double expansion energy absorption, the overall structure is more compact, and the energy absorption capacity of the crushing device within a limited space is improved;

[0026] 2. The end nut provided by the utility model can not only ensure that the guide rod stably transmits the longitudinal load under the tensile condition, but also guide the second expansion tube to expand and expand, thereby realizing the dual-function combination of longitudinal load transmission and expansion and expansion deformation triggering. Compared with the traditional crushing energy absorption device, the problem of insufficient proportion of energy absorption elements is improved;

[0027] 3. The crushing device provided by the utility model realizes the regulation of the size of the steady-state load through the matching design of the end nut and the pressure cone. The compression load can be adjusted by adjusting the cone head angle and cone head area of ​​the pressure cone and the end nut, as well as the wall thickness of the first expansion tube and the second expansion tube, which can meet the load requirements of different design thresholds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 is a side view of a crushing device in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of part A in the side view of the crushing device in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of the crushing device provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nut at the middle end of the crushing device;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a front view of the nut at the middle end of the crushing device;

[0034] Figure 6 is a side view of the nut at the middle end of the crushing device;

[0035] Figure 7is a side view of a crushing device in another embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged view of part A in the side view of the crushing device in another embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Wherein, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0038] 1. Pressurized pipe; 11. Connecting pin; 2. First expansion pipe; 3. Guide rod; 4. Second expansion pipe; 5. End nut; 51. Conical surface; 6. Anti-loosening part; 7. Pressurized cone; 8. Action indicator pin; 9. Guide key; 10. Pull ring; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms involved in this application shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this application belongs. The words "one", "a", "a kind" and the like involved in this application do not indicate a quantitative limitation and may indicate the singular or plural. The terms "include", "comprises", "has" and any variations thereof involved in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] As attached Figure 1-8 As shown, in a schematic embodiment of a bidirectional expansion type crushing device of the utility model, the crushing device includes a pressurized tube 1, a first expansion tube 2, a guide rod 3 and a second expansion tube 4.

[0045] When the vehicle body is triggered by a collision, the pressurized tube 1 can be subjected to an axial force greater than its own triggering force.

[0046] The first expansion tube 2 is connected to the pressurized tube 1. When the pressurized tube 1 is subjected to an axial force greater than the triggering force of the pressurized tube 1, the first expansion tube 2 is squeezed, so that the first expansion tube 2 undergoes stable plastic expansion deformation to absorb energy.

[0047] The guide rod 3 is used to connect the pressurized tube 1 and the first expansion tube 2 in series. The guide rod 3 is arranged in the first expansion tube 2 and passes through the first expansion tube 2. One end of the guide rod 3 extends into the pressurized tube 1 and the other end is fixedly connected to the first expansion tube 2.

[0048] The second expansion tube 4 is arranged in the pressurized tube 1, and its diameter is smaller than that of the first expansion tube 2. One end of the second expansion tube 4 is connected to the guide rod 3 extending into the pressurized tube 1, and the other end is connected to the pressurized tube 1 through the connecting pin 11. The connecting pin 11 plays a role of front and rear limit for the pressurized tube 1, and the connecting pin 11 and the pressurized tube 1 adopt an interference fit. The gap between the connecting pin 11 and the pressurized tube 1 and the gap between the pressurized tube 1 and the end of the second expansion tube 4 are supplemented with a ring weld to increase the connection strength.

[0049] When the first expansion tube 2 undergoes a stable diameter expansion deformation, the front end of the second expansion tube 4 directly or indirectly contacts the guide rod 3, and is squeezed by the guide rod 3 to undergo plastic deformation to absorb impact energy. At the same time, the first expansion tube 2 will continue to expand its diameter and dissipate energy together with the second expansion tube 4. The longitudinal steady-state load is the superposition of the loads of the first expansion tube 2 and the second expansion tube 4, achieving two-way double energy absorption, thereby improving energy absorption under limited space conditions.

[0050] In order to better transmit the pressure to the second expansion pipe 4, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the end of the second expansion tube 4 on the side cooperating with the guide rod 3 is provided with a flared section with a gradually increasing inner diameter; an end nut 5 is provided between the flared section of the second expansion tube 4 and the guide rod 3, and the end nut 5 is threadedly connected to the end of the guide rod 3 and is embedded in the flared section of the second expansion tube 4.

[0051] As attached Figure 4-6 As shown, the end face of the end nut 5 facing the second expansion tube 4 is a conical surface 51, and the conical surface 51 is in contact with the inner surface of the flared section of the second expansion tube 4, transmitting pressure to the second expansion tube 4, and guiding the deformation of the second expansion tube 4 during the pressure transmission process.

[0052] In order to make the second expansion tube 4 produce a stable and orderly expansion deformation, in some embodiments of the utility model, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, an annular gap is provided between the outer wall of the end nut 5 and the inner wall of the pressurized pipe 1 , and when the second expansion pipe 4 undergoes plastic deformation, the expanded section of the second expansion pipe 4 expands and deforms into the gap under the induction of the conical surface 51 .

[0053] It should be noted that the end nut 5 in the utility model can not only guide the second expansion tube 4 to deform and absorb energy in the compression direction, but also transmit the longitudinal load under the action of the tensile load. The tensile force is transmitted in the order of the pressurized tube 1, the end nut 5, and the guide rod 3.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, an annular boss is provided on the inner wall of the end of the pressurized pipe 1, and the end of the end nut 5 away from the second expansion pipe 4 abuts against the annular boss. The contact surface between the end of the end nut 5 and the annular boss is used to transmit the longitudinal tensile load.

[0055] In one embodiment of the utility model, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, in order to prevent relative rotation between the end nut 5 and the guide rod 3, an anti-rotation member is further included.

[0056] The end of the end nut 5 close to the second expansion tube 4 protrudes from the end of the guide rod 3, and the inner surface of the protruding part is a gear-shaped structure. Figure 4-6 As shown, it includes multiple pairs of opposite grooves, the anti-rotation component is a strip plate structure, the two ends of the anti-rotation component are respectively embedded in two opposite grooves, and the anti-rotation component is fixedly connected to the guide rod 3 by a washer bolt to prevent the end nut 5 from radially rotating relative to the guide rod 3.

[0057] In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 7-8 As shown, in order to prevent relative rotation between the end nut 5 and the guide rod 3, an anti-rotation member is further included.

[0058] A through hole that penetrates the rod body is radially arranged at the position where the guide rod 3 and the end nut 5 are connected, and an anti-rotation hole is arranged on the end nut 5, which corresponds to the position of the through hole. The anti-rotation part passes through the anti-rotation hole and is at least partially inserted into the through hole to prevent the end nut 5 from radially rotating relative to the guide rod 3.

[0059] In order to achieve the function of guiding and transmitting the longitudinal load, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 7As shown, the guide rod 3 includes a guide section and a connecting section, the diameter of the guide section is smaller than the inner diameter of the first expansion tube 2, the diameter of the connecting section is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the expansion tube, the guide section passes through the first expansion tube 2, and the connecting section is fixedly connected to the end of the first expansion tube 2.

[0060] In order to further realize the guiding function, a key slot is provided on the rod body of the guide rod 3 located inside the first expansion tube 2 or the pressurized tube 1 , and a guide key 9 is installed in the key slot, and the outer surface of the guide key 9 fits the inner surface of the pressurized tube 1 .

[0061] In order to better transfer the pressure to the first expansion tube 2, in some embodiments of the utility model, a pressurizing cone 7 is arranged between the pressurizing tube 1 and the first expansion tube 2. The pressurizing cone 7 is pressed onto the end of the pressurizing tube 1 and embedded in the first expansion tube 2. The conical surface of the pressurizing cone 7 is in contact with and connected to the inner surface of the first expansion tube 2, thereby transferring the pressure to the first expansion tube 2 and guiding the deformation of the first expansion tube 2 during the pressure transfer process.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 As shown, an action indicator pin 8 is installed on the outer wall of the pressurized tube 1, and the action indicator pin 8 is located on the outer side of the first expansion tube 2. When the pressurized tube 1 is squeezed by an axial force greater than the triggering force of the pressurized tube 1, the action indicator pin 8 abuts against the first expansion tube 2. When the crushing device is compressed by an external force, the pressurized tube 1 pushes the pressurizing cone 7 deep into the first expansion tube 2, and the action indicator pin 8 undergoes shear deformation under the action of the lateral load.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to further transfer the longitudinal load, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 As shown, it further comprises a pull ring 10, which is fixedly connected to the connecting section of the guide rod 3. The longitudinal load is transmitted under the tensile load, and the tensile force is transmitted in sequence through the pressurized tube 1, the end nut 5, the guide rod 3, and the pull ring 10.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the crushing device is assembled as follows:

[0065] The crushing device is assembled by special tooling. First, the first expansion tube 2 is pre-pressed by the tooling to a predetermined design height, and then the end nut 5 is tightened by the special tooling while maintaining the pressure at the pre-pressing load. Secondly, the anti-rotation parts and the matching washers and bolts are installed, and a certain pre-tightening force is applied to tighten the bolts. Then, the second expansion tube 4 is pushed to the positioning annular boss position of the pressurized tube 1, and the second expansion tube 4 is limited forward and backward by the connecting pin 11. Finally, the circumferential weld with a large weld thickness is supplemented to increase the connection strength.

[0066] The working principle of the crushing device provided by the new type of body is:

[0067] (1) Energy absorption of the first expansion tube

[0068] When the crushing device is compressed by external force, the pressurizing tube 1 pushes the pressurizing cone 7 deep into the first expansion tube 2. The indicator pin will undergo shear deformation under the lateral load. Under the loading of the cone head, the first expansion tube 2 will undergo stable and continuous radial expansion plastic deformation to absorb the impact energy. In this process, the friction between the pressurizing cone 7 and the first expansion tube 2 also dissipates the impact kinetic energy.

[0069] (2) Energy absorption of the second expansion tube

[0070] During the stable expansion and deformation process of the first expansion tube 2, the expanded section of the second expansion tube 4 contacts the end nut 5, and under the guidance of the front end conical surface 51 of the end nut 5, the expansion and deformation is stably and orderly expanded to the annular gap between the guide rod 3 and the pressurized tube 1. At the same time, the first expansion tube 2 will continue to expand and deform, dissipating energy together with the second expansion tube 4, and the longitudinal steady-state load is the superposition of the loads of the first expansion tube 2 and the second expansion tube 4.

[0071] It should be noted that since the taper at the front end of the end nut 5 is greater than the taper of the pressurizing cone 7, the area of ​​its conical surface 51 is smaller, and the cone angle of the cone head plays a major role in the expansion energy absorption process. At the same time, due to the limitation of its spatial size, the radial size of the second expansion tube 4 is smaller than that of the first expansion tube 2, and the steady-state force is smaller under equal taper. Therefore, the cone head angle can be adjusted within a certain range to achieve regulation of the steady-state load size.

[0072] In this embodiment, since the angle of the conical surface 51 of the end nut 5 is limited by the effective contact area between the anti-rotation member 6 and the end nut 5, the angle should not be too large, otherwise it cannot ensure that the anti-rotation member 6 can effectively prevent the end nut 5 and the guide rod 3 from rotating relative to each other. However, if the angle of the conical surface 51 of the end nut 5 is too small, the radial component force corresponding to the axial force during normal operation of the device is small, and the purpose of effective expansion and energy absorption cannot be achieved. Therefore, the angle of the conical surface 51 of the end nut 5 is controlled within the range of 15°-45°.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that: the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for which protection is requested in the utility model.

Claims

1. A two-way expansion type crushing device, characterized in that: include: Pressurized pipe; a first expansion tube connected to the pressurizing tube, wherein the pressurizing tube is subjected to an axial force greater than a triggering force of the pressurizing tube, so as to squeeze the first expansion tube and cause the first expansion tube to deform; Guide rod: passing through the first expansion tube, with one end extending into the pressurized tube and the other end connected to the first expansion tube; The second expansion tube is arranged in the pressurized tube, and one end of the second expansion tube is connected to the guide rod. When the first expansion tube is deformed, the second expansion tube undergoes plastic deformation to absorb impact energy.

2. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the second expansion pipe on the side matching the guide rod is provided with a flared section with a gradually increasing inner diameter; an end nut is provided between the flared section of the second expansion pipe and the guide rod; The end surface of the end nut facing the second expansion tube is a conical surface, and the conical surface is in contact with and connected to the inner surface of the expanded section of the second expansion tube.

3. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the outer wall of the end nut and the inner wall of the pressurized tube. When the second expansion tube undergoes plastic deformation, the expanded section of the second expansion tube expands and deforms into the gap under the induction of the conical surface.

4. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An annular boss is provided on the inner wall of the end of the pressurized tube, and one end of the end nut away from the second expansion tube abuts against the annular boss.

5. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: further comprising an anti-rotation member; The end of the guide rod is radially provided with a through hole that penetrates the rod body, and the end nut is provided with an anti-rotation hole. The anti-rotation part passes through the anti-rotation hole and is at least partially inserted into the through hole to prevent the end nut from radially rotating relative to the guide rod.

6. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: further comprising an anti-rotation member; The inner surface of the end nut is provided with at least two grooves, and the two ends of the anti-rotation component are respectively embedded in the two grooves, and the anti-rotation component is fixedly connected to the guide rod by bolts.

7. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod includes a guide section and a connecting section, the diameter of the guide section is smaller than the inner diameter of the first expansion tube, the diameter of the connecting section is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the expansion tube, the guide section passes through the first expansion tube, and the connecting section is connected to the expansion tube.

8. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The guide rod is located inside the first expansion tube or the pressurized tube and has a keyway on its rod body. A guide key is installed in the keyway, and the outer surface of the guide key fits the inner surface of the pressurized tube.

9. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressurizing cone is provided between the pressurizing tube and the first expansion tube. The pressurizing cone is press-fitted to the end of the pressurizing tube, and a conical surface of the pressurizing cone is in contact and connection with an inner surface of the first expansion tube.

10. The bidirectional expansion type crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An action indicating pin is installed on the outer wall of the pressurizing tube and is located outside the first expansion tube. When the pressurizing tube is squeezed by an axial force greater than the triggering force of the pressurizing tube, the action indicating pin abuts against the first expansion tube.

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