Wet dust removal device suitable for driving working face

Abstract

The utility model provides a wet dust removal device suitable for a driving working face, which comprises a dust removal shell with an air inlet and an air outlet respectively arranged at two ends, and a spraying component, a filtering component, a dewatering component, a fan and a silencing component are sequentially arranged in the dust removal shell along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet; the spraying component and the filtering component are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, and the filtering component is obliquely arranged towards the direction of the air inlet; a water storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the dewatering part, a blow-off pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank, a front blow-off pipe is arranged at the bottom of the filtering part, the front blow-off pipe is communicated with the water storage tank, and dust-containing sewage intercepted by the filtering part and dust-containing sewage separated by the dewatering part are collected in the water storage tank through the front blow-off pipe. And the water is discharged from a blow-off pipe below the water storage tank. According to the utility model, the fan is arranged at the rear ends of the filtering part and the dewatering part, and high-concentration dust-containing airflow does not directly contact with the impeller of the fan, so that the damage caused by damage to the dynamic balance of the fan due to adhesion of rock dust to the impeller is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of dust removal and relates to a wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel excavation generates a lot of dust. With the application of high-power excavation equipment such as tunneling and anchoring machines and shield machines, the excavation speed has increased, which is several times the speed of traditional comprehensive excavation. The dust production is much greater, and the dust concentration at the excavation working face is as high as 1000mg / m 3 The dust concentration during rapid excavation of semi-coal-rock tunnels even exceeds 2000mg / m 3 High dust concentrations not only seriously affect the health of mine workers and cause occupational hazards such as pneumoconiosis, but also limit visibility at the work site and blur workers' vision, posing safety hazards to workers and easily leading to accidents. High dust concentrations also increase equipment wear and tear, affecting the normal operation of precision equipment such as sensors.

[0003] Dust removal devices commonly used in tunneling working faces are divided into dry dust removal devices and wet dust removal devices according to the dust treatment method. Dry dust removal devices have high dust removal efficiency but are bulky and have high requirements for installation space. Wet dust removal devices have slightly lower dust removal efficiency but are small in size and flexible in installation. Wet dust removal devices are generally used in tunneling faces.

[0004] The wet dust removal device uses a fan to draw the dust-laden airflow into the dust removal device for processing. It generally includes a fan, a spray component, a filter component, a dehydration component, and a noise control component. After the dust-laden airflow enters the dust removal device, it is wetted by the mist droplets generated by the spray device. When it flows through the filter component, the dust and water mixture is intercepted and settles to the bottom of the dust removal device under the action of its own weight and water flow, and is discharged through the sewage pipe. The remaining air and water mixture flows through the dehydration component, and the water mist forms water droplets that are captured and then settle, and are discharged through the sewage pipe. Clean air is discharged from the tail of the dust removal device.

[0005] When the filtering and dehydrating components of the wet dust removal device are arranged at the rear end of the fan outlet, the wind pressure in the cavity at the dehydrating component is positive, and the dehydration method is positive pressure dehydration; when the filtering and dehydrating components are arranged at the front end of the fan inlet, the wind pressure in the cavity at the dehydrating component is negative, and the dehydration method is negative pressure dehydration. When excavating rock tunnels or semi-coal and semi-rock tunnels, the rock dust concentration is large and the viscosity is strong. If the wet dust removal device adopts a positive pressure dehydration method, that is, the filtering and dehydrating components are arranged at the rear end of the fan outlet, the dust-laden airflow first contacts the fan impeller after entering the dust removal device, and the dust is easy to adhere to the impeller, destroying the dynamic balance of the impeller, causing damage to the fan motor, short motor life, and high maintenance costs. A large amount of dust washes the fan impeller at high speed for a long time, causing the impeller to wear and damage. In order to reduce the adhesion and wear of the impeller, the filtering and dehydrating components are arranged at the front end of the fan inlet, that is, the negative pressure dehydration method is adopted.

[0006] During negative pressure dehydration, the wind pressure in the cavity of the dehydration component is negative. The sewage accumulated at the bottom of the cavity is affected by the external atmospheric pressure. A sufficient water level is required to overcome the negative pressure in the cavity under the action of gravity to achieve drainage. Otherwise, the removed sewage is directly discharged to the fan flow channel and then discharged into the atmosphere. The sewage contains small-sized dust particles, which will reduce the dust removal efficiency of the dust removal device, and the discharged water mist affects the workers' vision and wets their clothes. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem and provide a wet dust removal device suitable for excavation working face.

[0008] A wet dust removal device suitable for an excavation working face comprises a dust removal shell with an air inlet and an air outlet respectively provided at two ends, wherein a spray component, a filter component, a dehydration component, a fan and a silencer component are sequentially provided in the dust removal shell along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet; the spray component is parallel to and oppositely arranged to the filter component, and the filter component is inclined toward the air inlet; a water storage tank is provided at the bottom of the dehydration component, a sewage pipe is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank, a front sewage pipe is provided at the bottom of the filter component, and the front sewage pipe is communicated with the water storage tank, the dust-containing sewage intercepted by the filter component is collected in the water storage tank through the front sewage pipe and the dust-containing sewage separated by the dehydration component is collected in the water storage tank, and discharged from the sewage pipe below the water storage tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the filter component includes a filter screen and a slide groove; the slide groove is fixedly arranged on the dust removal shell, the filter screen is slidably matched with the slide groove, and can be plugged in the dust removal shell through the slide groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter screen is inclined toward the air inlet direction, and the angle between the filter screen and the air flow direction is 50° to 80°; the filter screen includes multiple layers of filter screens with different mesh sizes.

[0011] Furthermore, the spray component includes a spray rack and a nozzle; the spray rack is tilted in the dust removal shell, and multiple nozzles are arranged on the spray rack. The opening angle of the nozzle is 90° to 120°, and the surface of the filter component is fully covered during spraying.

[0012] Furthermore, the water storage tank is arranged at an inclination, and the side close to the front sewage pipe is higher than the side close to the sewage pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the sewage pipe is provided with an adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism or a forced drainage mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism includes a fixed plate, a spring, and a water sealing plate; the fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the sewage pipe, and the water sealing plate is elastically connected to the fixed plate through a spring, and is arranged on the water outlet of the sewage pipe; the distance between the sewage pipe and the water sealing plate is C. When the wet dust collector is running, the water sealing plate compresses the spring under the action of the negative pressure generated by the fan and fits on the water outlet of the sewage pipe. As the height of the liquid accumulated in the sewage pipe and the size of the negative pressure change, the distance C changes dynamically, thereby adaptively adjusting the drainage volume.

[0015] Furthermore, the forced drainage mechanism is a sewage pump, which is connected to a sewage pipe, and the sewage in the water storage tank is forcibly pumped out by the sewage pump.

[0016] Furthermore, a rock-blocking orifice plate, a transverse partition and a vertical partition are provided at the bottom of the filter component; the rock-blocking orifice plate is provided between the filter component and the dust collector shell to support the filter component, and the rock-blocking orifice plate is provided with openings with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm, and the opening rate is not less than 50%; the transverse partition and the vertical partition are provided between the filter component and the dehydration component, and the transverse partition and the vertical partition are fixedly connected to form a guide channel connected to the water storage tank at the bottom of the filter component, the rock-blocking orifice plate is located at the entrance of the guide channel, and the front sewage pipe is located at the outlet of the guide channel; a dust flushing port is also provided in the guide channel.

[0017] Furthermore, inspection doors are provided on the dust removal housing at locations corresponding to the spray component, the filter component and the dehydration component, respectively, for repairing and maintaining the components.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The utility model arranges the fan at the rear end of the filter component and the dehydration component, so that the high-concentration dust-containing airflow does not directly contact the fan impeller, avoiding the damage caused by the rock dust sticking to the impeller and destroying the dynamic balance of the fan. The high-concentration dust-containing sewage intercepted by the filter component and the sewage separated by the dehydration component are collected in the water storage tank. The water pressure in the water storage tank increases with the increase of the water height. When it exceeds the negative pressure in the dust removal device, the collected sewage is automatically discharged.

[0020] 2. The utility model adopts an adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism, which uses a spring to form a stable water seal during the operation of the dust collector, avoiding air leakage while achieving smooth drainage, ensuring the stable working performance of the dust removal device. The adaptive sewage pipe reduces the height requirement of the water storage tank at the bottom of the dust removal device. For dust removal devices that are limited in height and cannot be equipped with an adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism, a forced drainage structure is adopted, which does not occupy height space and ensures dust removal performance.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and research, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention to some extent. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wet dust removal device in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the dust removal device.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the status of the sewage pipe when the dust removal device is not working.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the status of the sewage pipe when the dust removal device is just started.

[0027] Figure 5 The process of storing water in the sewage pipe.

[0028] Figure 6 It is the drainage status of the sewage pipe.

[0029] Figure 7 It is in forced drainage state.

[0030] Figure numerals: 1-air inlet; 2-spray component; 3-filter component; 4-dehydration component; 5-fan; 6-silence component; 7-slag retaining hole plate; 8-transverse partition; 9-vertical partition; 10-front sewage pipe; 11-water tank wall plate; 12-water tank; 13-dust flushing port; 14-sewage pipe; 141-fixed plate; 142-spring; 143-water sealing plate; 15-sewage pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. The following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0032] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present utility model. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0033] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 7 A wet dust removal device suitable for an excavation working face comprises a dust removal shell with an air inlet 1 and an air outlet respectively arranged at both ends, a spray component 2, a filter component 3, a dehydration component 4, a fan 5, and a muffler component 6 are arranged in sequence in the dust removal shell along the direction from the air inlet 1 to the air outlet; the spray component 2 is parallel to and opposite to the filter component 3, and the filter component 3 is arranged obliquely toward the air inlet 1; a water storage tank 12 is arranged at the bottom of the dehydration component 4, a sewage pipe 14 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 12, a front sewage pipe 10 is arranged at the bottom of the filter component 3, and the front sewage pipe 10 is communicated with the water storage tank 12, the dust-containing sewage intercepted by the filter component 3 is collected in the water storage tank 12 through the front sewage pipe 10 and the dust-containing sewage separated by the dehydration component 4 is collected in the water storage tank 12, and discharged from the sewage pipe 14 below the water storage tank 12.

[0035] The filter component 3 includes a filter screen and a slide slot; the slide slot is fixedly mounted on the dust removal housing, the filter screen is slidably matched with the slide slot, and can be plugged and unplugged in the dust removal housing through the slide slot. The filter screen is inclined in the direction of the air inlet, and the angle with the wind flow direction is 50° to 80°; the filter screen includes multiple layers of filter screens with different mesh sizes. When the dust-laden airflow flows through the filter screen, the dust particles are intercepted, and the spray water flushes the filter screen surface. The filter screen with a large angle inclination is conducive to the falling of dust-laden sewage.

[0036] The spray component 2 includes a spray rack and a nozzle; the spray rack is tiltedly arranged in the dust removal housing, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spray rack. The opening angle of the nozzle is 90° to 120°, and the surface of the filter component 3 is fully covered during spraying.

[0037] The main body of the dehydration component 4 is made of corrugated plate. The height H of the water tank wall plate 11 is ≥ 100 mm, which is conducive to preventing sewage from splashing out of the water tank 12. The water tank 12 is arranged in an inclined manner, and the side close to the front sewage pipe 10 is higher than the side close to the sewage pipe 14. The sewage pipe 14 is provided with an adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism or a forced drainage mechanism.

[0038] Among them, the adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism includes a fixed plate 141, a spring 142, and a water sealing plate 143; the fixed plate 141 is fixedly arranged on the sewage pipe 14, and the water sealing plate 143 is elastically connected to the fixed plate 141 through the spring 142, and is arranged on the water outlet of the sewage pipe 14; the distance between the sewage pipe 14 and the water sealing plate 143 is C. When the wet dust collector is running, the water sealing plate 143 compresses the spring 142 under the action of the negative pressure generated by the fan 5 and fits on the water outlet of the sewage pipe 14. As the height of the liquid accumulated in the sewage pipe 14 and the size of the negative pressure change, the distance C changes dynamically, thereby adaptively adjusting the drainage volume.

[0039] When the tunnel height is too low to install the adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism, a forced drainage mechanism can be installed. The forced drainage mechanism is a sewage pump 15, which is connected to the sewage pipe 14, and the sewage in the water storage tank 12 is forced to be pumped out by the sewage pump 15. The sewage pump 15 can be pneumatic, electric or hydraulic, with a rated flow greater than the spray flow of the wet dust removal device, and a rated pressure greater than the absolute value of the negative pressure in the bottom area of ​​the dehydration component 4, thereby achieving smooth drainage of the wet dust removal device and ensuring stable and normal operation of the equipment.

[0040] A rock-blocking orifice plate 7, a transverse partition plate 8 and a vertical partition plate 9 are provided at the bottom of the filter component 3; the rock-blocking orifice plate 7 is provided between the filter component 3 and the dust collector housing to support the filter component 3, and the rock-blocking orifice plate 7 is provided with openings with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm, and the opening rate is not less than 50%; the transverse partition plate 8 and the vertical partition plate 9 are provided between the filter component 3 and the dehydration component 4, and the transverse partition plate 8 and the vertical partition plate 9 are fixedly connected to form a guide channel connected to the water storage tank at the bottom of the filter component 3, the rock-blocking orifice plate 7 is located at the entrance of the guide channel, and the front sewage pipe 10 is located at the outlet of the guide channel; a dust flushing port 13 is also provided in the guide channel, and the dust deposited in the entrance area of ​​the front sewage pipe 10 can be regularly cleaned through the dust flushing port 13.

[0041] Inspection doors are respectively provided on the dust removal housing corresponding to the spray component 2, the filter component 3 and the dehydration component 4 for repairing and maintaining the components.

[0042] Figure 3 The state of the sewage pipe 14 when the dust removal device is not working. The water sealing plate 143 is connected to the fixed plate 141 through four springs 142 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The initial gap C between the water sealing plate 143 and the water outlet of the sewage pipe 14 is 10-15 mm, and the initial length of the spring 142 is L0.

[0043] Figure 4 This is the state of the sewage discharge pipe 14 when the dust removal device is just started. The inside of the dust removal device is in a negative pressure state, and the internal air pressure P1 is less than the atmospheric pressure P. For the water sealing plate 143, P1·s + k·(L0 - L1) ≤ P·s. Under the action of the atmospheric pressure, the water sealing plate 143 fits on the water outlet to form a seal, preventing external air from leaking into the inside of the dust removal device.

[0044] Figure 5 This is the water storage process of the sewage discharge pipe 14. At this time, the water level is not high, and P1·s + ρgh1 + k·(L0 - L1) < P·s. Under the action of the atmospheric pressure, the water sealing plate 143 still fits on the water outlet to form a water seal.

[0045] Figure 6 This is the drainage state of the sewage discharge pipe 14. As the water level in the sewage discharge pipe 14 rises, the gravity gradually increases, and P1·s + ρgh2 + k·(L0 - L2) = P·s, which is in a critical state. When the water level in the water pipe further rises, the gravity of the sewage overcomes the atmospheric pressure, and the sewage discharge pipe 14 starts to drain. During the drainage process, as the operating conditions of the dust removal device change, the force on the water sealing plate 143 of the sewage discharge pipe 14 changes dynamically. The water sealing plate 143 automatically adjusts the size of the drainage gap under the action of the spring 142, so as to achieve smooth drainage while stably forming a water seal.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wet dust removal device suitable for excavation working face, characterized in that: It comprises a dust removal shell with an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends respectively, wherein a spray component, a filter component, a dehydration component, a fan and a silencer component are sequentially arranged in the dust removal shell along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet; the spray component is parallel to and opposite to the filter component, and the filter component is arranged inclined toward the air inlet; a water storage tank is provided at the bottom of the dehydration component, a sewage pipe is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank, a front sewage pipe is provided at the bottom of the filter component, and the front sewage pipe is communicated with the water storage tank, the dust-containing sewage intercepted by the filter component is collected in the water storage tank through the front sewage pipe and the dust-containing sewage separated by the dehydration component is collected in the water storage tank, and discharged from the sewage pipe below the water storage tank.

2. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter component includes a filter screen and a slide groove; the slide groove is fixedly arranged on the dust removal shell, the filter screen is slidably matched with the slide groove, and is pluggable and removable in the dust removal shell through the slide groove.

3. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen is inclined toward the air inlet direction, and the angle between the filter screen and the air flow direction is 50° to 80°; the filter screen includes multiple layers of filter screens with different mesh sizes.

4. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray component includes a spray rack and a nozzle; the spray rack is tiltedly arranged in the dust removal shell, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spray rack. The opening angle of the nozzle is 90° to 120°, and the surface of the filter component is fully covered during spraying.

5. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank is arranged in an inclined manner, and the side close to the front sewage pipe is higher than the side close to the sewage pipe.

6. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage pipe is provided with an adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism or a forced drainage mechanism.

7. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive negative pressure drainage mechanism includes a fixed plate, a spring, and a water sealing plate; the fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the sewage pipe, the water sealing plate is elastically connected to the fixed plate through a spring, and is arranged on the water outlet of the sewage pipe; the distance between the sewage pipe and the water sealing plate is C. When the wet dust collector is running, the water sealing plate compresses the spring under the action of the negative pressure generated by the fan and fits on the water outlet of the sewage pipe. As the height of the liquid accumulated in the sewage pipe and the size of the negative pressure change, the distance C changes dynamically, thereby adaptively adjusting the drainage volume.

8. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: The forced drainage mechanism is a sewage pump, which is connected to a sewage pipe, and the sewage in the water storage tank is forced to be pumped out by the sewage pump.

9. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rock-blocking orifice plate, a transverse partition and a vertical partition are provided at the bottom of the filter component; the rock-blocking orifice plate is provided between the filter component and the dust collector shell to support the filter component, and the rock-blocking orifice plate is provided with openings with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm, and the opening rate is not less than 50%; the transverse partition and the vertical partition are provided between the filter component and the dehydration component, and the transverse partition and the vertical partition are fixedly connected to form a guide channel connected to the water storage tank at the bottom of the filter component, the rock-blocking orifice plate is located at the entrance of the guide channel, and the front sewage pipe is located at the outlet of the guide channel; a dust flushing port is also provided in the guide channel.

10. A wet dust removal device suitable for a tunneling working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inspection doors are respectively provided on the dust removal housing corresponding to the spray component, the filter component and the dehydration component for repairing and maintaining the components.

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