Novel charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel charging structure suitable for a large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method, which is characterized in that a plurality of rows of blast holes are distributed in a chamber to be mined, the blast holes are divided into pillar holes, middle holes and side holes according to positions, explosive layers and spacing layers are distributed in the blast holes at intervals, and hole bottoms and hole openings are filled with the explosive layers and the spacing layers, the hole opening of the blast hole is provided with a non-charging section not smaller than 5 meters, four emulsion explosives are filled in a single explosive layer of the pillar hole, three emulsion explosives are filled in a single explosive layer of the middle hole, four emulsion explosives are filled in an explosive layer close to the hole opening of the side hole, and two emulsion explosives are filled in other explosive layers. The blast holes with different charging structures are arranged in the to-be-mined chamber according to the vibration bearing capacity of different areas, and the 5-meter non-charging sections are reserved in the holes, so that the overall charging amount is effectively reduced, ore turning and damage to the adjacent chambers in the blasting process are avoided, and the blast hole structure has the advantages of low production cost, high operation safety guarantee, high efficiency and the like. And the enterprise safety and the economic benefit are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a new charge structure suitable for a large-diameter deep-hole blasting mining method. Background Art

[0002] Large-diameter deep hole blasting mining is one of the commonly used mining methods for underground mining. The existing large-diameter deep hole mining method usually adopts the method of intermittent arrangement of explosive layers, in which 4 emulsion explosive strips are uniformly filled in the explosive layer, and the hole mouth uses the traditional 2.2-2.5m plugging method. This charging method has the following problems: 1. The charging amount is large, and the blasting vibration has a great impact, especially the blasting holes close to the filling body (i.e., the side holes), which can easily lead to the filling body being destroyed and collapsed, and then cause sticky ore, ore depletion and other phenomena; 2. Due to the small distance of the hole mouth plugging, it is easy to turn over a large amount of ore during the blasting process, and personnel and equipment need to enter the mining site for secondary processing. The safety of the operation is difficult to be guaranteed, which seriously affects normal production and restricts the safety and economic benefits of the enterprise; 3. The adjacent unmined two-step mine room, the mine walls on both sides are affected by the large amount of blasting vibration, resulting in different degrees of damage and collapse, which in turn affects the later mining and approval engineering construction, the layout of large and medium-hole rock drilling blasting holes and blasting safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a new charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method to solve the above problems existing in the charging method.

[0004] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The utility model proposes a novel charging structure suitable for a large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method. Multiple rows of blast holes are arranged in a mine room to be mined. Explosive layers are filled in the blast holes at intervals. The bottom and the orifice of the blast holes are filled. The blast holes are divided into pillar holes, middle holes and side holes according to their positions. The pillar holes are blast holes adjacent to the pillars, the side holes are blast holes adjacent to the adjacent mine rooms, the middle holes are blast holes between the pillar holes and the side holes, the orifices of the blast holes are provided with a reserved height of not less than 5 meters, and the reserved height is not filled with explosives. Four emulsion explosives are filled in a single explosive layer of the pillar hole, three emulsion explosives are filled in a single explosive layer of the middle hole, four emulsion explosives are filled in the explosive layer close to the orifice of the side hole, and two emulsion explosives are filled in the remaining explosive layers.

[0006] Based on the above technical scheme, different charging structures are arranged according to the different vibration bearing capacities of the mine pillars, middle areas and edge areas, and a 5-meter uncharged section is reserved at the hole mouth, which effectively reduces the overall charging amount. This can not only make the total blasting energy meet the requirements of mine mining, but also reduce the interference to adjacent mines. It has the advantages of greatly reducing production input costs, avoiding secondary processing, greatly improving operation safety, and effectively improving enterprise safety and economic benefits.

[0007] Furthermore, the row spacing of the side holes is 2.0 to 2.6 meters, and the row spacing of the pillar holes and the middle holes is 3.0 to 3.5 meters. This design can form a relatively flat blasting surface at the edge of the mine room, thereby avoiding under-mining or over-mining to the greatest extent.

[0008] Furthermore, the reserved height of the borehole mouth is filled with 3.0 to 3.5 meters of granular filling, and above the granular filling is a 1.0 to 1.5 meter empty section. This design can effectively avoid mine turning or upward transmission of blasting energy due to insufficient filling height when the explosive layer at the borehole mouth is blasted, thereby causing safety problems.

[0009] Preferably, the hollow section is filled with a sealed water column bag. This design can effectively reduce dust generated by blasting, and cool and lubricate the granular fillings to avoid high-temperature sintering of the granular fillings that leads to failure of corresponding rock blasting.

[0010] Furthermore, a spacing layer of 1.0 to 1.5 meters is provided between the explosive layers of the blasthole to effectively block the accumulation of blasting energy of adjacent explosive layers, thereby controlling the impact of single-shot blasting vibration.

[0011] Preferably, a spacing bamboo tube, a PVC tube or a water column bag is provided in the spacing layer to facilitate the formation of effective spacing and mutual support between adjacent explosive layers.

[0012] Furthermore, a detonating cord is arranged throughout the blasthole, and an electronic digital detonator is arranged in the explosive layer near the bottom of the blasthole, and the detonating cord is connected to the electronic digital detonator to form a bottom-of-hole detonation mode with higher blasting efficiency;

[0013] Furthermore, the electronic digital detonator is connected to the detonator through a blasting busbar, and the blast holes in the same row are detonated in the order of pillar holes, middle holes, and side holes, and the interval between adjacent detonated blast holes is 25ms.

[0014] Beneficial Effects

[0015] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0016] By arranging blastholes with different charging structures in the mine room to be mined according to the vibration bearing capacity of the pillars, middle area and edge area, a charging structure of "4+3+2" is formed, and a 5-meter uncharged section is reserved at the hole mouth, which effectively reduces the overall charging amount. This can not only make the total blasting energy meet the requirements of mine room mining, but also reduce interference with adjacent mine rooms, effectively protect the integrity and integrity of adjacent mine rooms, and has the advantages of greatly reducing production input costs, avoiding secondary processing, greatly improving operation safety, and effectively improving enterprise safety and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blasthole distribution of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charge structure of the utility model;

[0020] In the figure: blasthole 1; pillar 100; pillar hole 101; middle hole 102; side hole 103; cement block 2; explosive layer 3; spacer layer 4; granular filling 5; empty section 6; detonating cord 7; electronic digital detonator 8; blasting busbar 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0022] The utility model provides a novel charging structure suitable for a large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method. A plurality of rows of large-diameter blast holes 1 with a diameter of φ150 mm are arranged in a mine room to be mined. The blast holes 1 are divided into pillar holes 101, middle holes 102 and side holes 103 according to their positions. The pillar holes 101 are blast holes 1 adjacent to pillars 100, the side holes 103 are blast holes 1 adjacent to adjacent mine rooms (mining field boundaries), and the middle holes 102 are blast holes 1 between the pillar holes 101 and the side holes 103. The row spacing of the side holes 103 is 2.0 to 2.6 meters, and the row spacing of the pillar holes 101 and the middle holes 102 is 3.0 to 3.5 meters. On the one hand, the number of blast holes 1 arranged is reduced, and on the other hand, the number of side holes 103 arranged is increased, so that the contact surfaces of adjacent mine rooms form a relatively flat blasting surface, thereby avoiding undermining or overmining to the greatest extent.

[0023] The blast holes 1 are filled with explosive layers 3 at intervals, and a spacing layer 4 of 1.0 to 1.5 meters is set between adjacent explosive layers 3. The spacing layer 4 is provided with a spacing bamboo tube, PVC pipe or water column bag to effectively block the accumulation of blasting energy of adjacent explosive layers 3, thereby controlling the impact of single-shot blasting vibration; the single explosive layer 3 of the pillar hole 101 is filled with 4 emulsion explosives (the height of the explosive layer after filling is 1.26 meters), and the single explosive layer 3 of the middle hole 102 is filled with 3 emulsion explosives. The explosive layer 3 near the hole mouth of the side hole 103 is filled with 4 emulsion explosives (the height of the explosive layer after filling is 1.26 meters), and the remaining explosive layers 3 are filled with 2 emulsion explosives (the height of the explosive layer after filling is 0.63 meters), so as to form a "4+3+2" different charging structure in the mining room to be mined, effectively controlling the blasting impact range; the emulsion explosive is a φ130mm roll, and the weight of a single strip is 6Kg.

[0024] The bottom of the blasthole 1 is sealed with a φ130mm, 50mm thick cement block 2 and then filled with 1.0 meter of sand to form a hole bottom filling; the hole mouth is provided with a reserved height of not less than 5 meters, and the end adjacent to the explosive layer 3 in the reserved height is filled with 3.0 to 3.5 meters of granular filling 5 (such as sand, etc.), and the upper part of the granular filling 5 is a 1.0 to 1.5 meter empty section 6. This design can effectively avoid the mine turning or the upward transmission of blasting energy due to insufficient filling height when the explosive layer 3 at the hole mouth is blasted, thereby causing safety problems. Preferably, a sealed water column bag (not shown in the figure) can also be filled in the empty section 6. The water column bag can effectively reduce the dust generated by the blasting, and cool and lubricate the granular filling 5, so as to avoid the high-temperature sintering of the granular filling 5 and cause the corresponding rock blasting failure, thereby improving the success rate of blasting.

[0025] A detonating cord 7 is arranged throughout the blasthole 1, and an electronic digital detonator 8 is arranged in the explosive layer 3 near the bottom of the blasthole 1. The detonating cord 7 is connected to the electronic digital detonator 8 to form a bottom-of-hole detonation mode with higher blasting efficiency; the detonating cord 7 is connected to a detonator (not shown in the figure) through a blasting bus 9, and the blastholes 1 in the same row are detonated in the order of pillar holes 101, middle holes 102, and side holes 103, and the interval time between adjacent detonated blastholes 1 is 25ms; preferably, in order to avoid mutual interference of the blastholes 1, the adjacent detonated blastholes 1 are arranged in a left-right jumping manner, such as Figure 1 As shown, the 25ms blasting hole 1 and the 50s blasting hole 1 are respectively located on both sides of the 0ms blasting hole 1, which maximizes the distance between adjacent blasting holes 1, is conducive to forming sufficient blasting compensation space and improving the blasting success rate.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method, wherein multiple rows of blast holes are arranged in the mine room to be mined, and explosive layers are filled in the blast holes at intervals, and the bottom and the hole mouth of the blast holes are filled, characterized in that: The blast holes are divided into pillar holes, middle holes and side holes according to their positions. The pillar holes are blast holes adjacent to the pillars, the side holes are blast holes adjacent to the adjacent mine rooms, the middle holes are blast holes between the pillar holes and the side holes, the orifices of the blast holes are provided with a reserved height of not less than 5 meters, and the reserved height is not filled with explosives, a single explosive layer of the pillar hole is filled with 4 emulsion explosives, a single explosive layer of the middle hole is filled with 3 emulsion explosives, the explosive layer near the orifice of the side hole is filled with 4 emulsion explosives, and the remaining explosive layers are filled with 2 emulsion explosives.

2. A new type of charge structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The row spacing of the side holes is 2.0 to 2.6 meters, and the row spacing of the pillar holes and the middle holes is 3.0 to 3.5 meters.

3. The novel charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reserved height of the orifice of the blasthole is filled with 3.0 to 3.5 meters of granular filling, and above the granular filling is a 1.0 to 1.5 meter empty section.

4. A new type of charge structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The empty section is filled with a sealed water column bag.

5. The novel charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A spacing layer of 1.0 to 1.5 meters is arranged between the explosive layers of the blastholes.

6. A new type of charge structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacer layer is provided with a spacer bamboo tube, a PVC pipe or a water column bag.

7. The novel charging structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 1 is characterized by: A detonating cord is arranged throughout the blast hole, an electronic digital detonator is arranged in the explosive layer near the bottom of the blast hole, and the detonating cord is connected to the electronic digital detonator.

8. A new type of charge structure suitable for large-diameter deep hole blasting mining method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electronic digital detonator is connected to the detonator through the blasting busbar, and the blast holes in the same row are detonated in the order of pillar holes, middle holes, and side holes. The interval between adjacent detonated blast holes is 25ms.

Images