High-suppression-degree radio frequency protection assembly capable of resisting multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse protection, and particularly relates to a high-suppression-degree radio frequency protection assembly capable of resisting various strong electromagnetic pulses, which comprises a first-stage discharge unit, a second-stage filter unit and a third-stage discharge unit, the first-stage discharge unit is connected onto an input port, the first-stage discharge unit is electrically connected with the second-stage filter unit, and the third-stage discharge unit is electrically connected with the third-stage filter unit. The second-stage filtering unit is electrically connected with the third-stage discharge unit, and the third-stage discharge unit is connected to the output port. According to the integrated protection circuit capable of resisting various kinds of pulses, the suppression degree of nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves larger than 40dB is achieved through time domain and frequency domain cooperative protection of the transient leakage circuit and the filter circuit, and an effective design method and a protection path are provided for developing the design of a protection assembly capable of resisting various kinds of strong electromagnetic pulses of a radio frequency system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse protection, and in particular relates to a high-suppression radio frequency protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic confrontations in modern warfare are becoming increasingly fierce. Strong electromagnetic pulses generated by electromagnetic pulse bombs, etc., enter the radio frequency link of frequency-using equipment through the strong electromagnetic field radiated by them through the "front door" antenna coupling, so that the coupled strong electromagnetic pulse energy exceeds the interference and damage threshold of the back-end devices of the radio frequency link, resulting in irreversible effects such as surge, thermal secondary breakdown, and electrical secondary breakdown inside the device, causing varying degrees of damage to the frequency-using equipment. For electronic information system networks such as power, communications, and navigation, strong electromagnetic pulses can paralyze key infrastructure networks on a large scale by destroying key nodes. With the development and maturity of high-power microwave, pulse power and other technologies, strong electromagnetic attacks have brought more severe threats to the electromagnetic security of electronic information systems. Due to the uncertainty of nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwave attacks on the battlefield, strengthening protection against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses is crucial to ensuring the battlefield survivability of frequency-using equipment.

[0003] At present, RF strong electromagnetic pulse protection devices mainly consider the protection against lightning, nuclear electromagnetic pulse, high-power microwave and other types, but the protection against multiple types of pulses is insufficient, and there is a lack of efficient protection products that take into account both nuclear electromagnetic pulse and high-power microwave. Therefore, a new protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the technical problems that the above-mentioned traditional radio frequency strong electromagnetic pulse protection devices mainly consider the protection against lightning, nuclear electromagnetic pulses, high-power microwaves and other types, and the protection against multiple types of pulses is insufficient, and there is a lack of efficient protection products that take into account nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves, the utility model provides a high-suppression radio frequency protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses, which solves the problem of insufficient ability to resist multiple types of pulses. It can be used for electromagnetic pulse protection of radio frequency systems such as communications, navigation, and radars, and has the advantage of high suppression of nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses comprises a primary discharge unit, a secondary filter unit and a tertiary discharge unit, wherein the primary discharge unit is connected to an input port, the primary discharge unit is electrically connected to the secondary filter unit, the secondary filter unit is electrically connected to the tertiary discharge unit, and the tertiary discharge unit is connected to an output port.

[0007] The first-level discharge unit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a gas discharge tube, the second inductor is electrically connected to the first inductor, the first inductor is electrically connected to the gas discharge tube, and the gas discharge tube is grounded.

[0008] The first inductor is electrically connected to the input port, and the second inductor is electrically connected to the secondary filtering unit.

[0009] The secondary filtering unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third inductor. The first capacitor is electrically connected to the second capacitor, the first capacitor is electrically connected to the third inductor, and the third inductor is grounded.

[0010] The first capacitor is electrically connected to the second inductor, and the second capacitor is electrically connected to the third-stage discharge unit.

[0011] The three-stage discharge unit includes a first PIN diode, a second PIN diode, a third PIN diode, a fourth PIN diode, and a fourth inductor. The first PIN diode is electrically connected to the second PIN diode, the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode are both electrically connected to the fourth inductor, the fourth inductor is electrically connected to the third PIN diode and the fourth PIN diode respectively, and the third PIN diode is electrically connected to the fourth PIN diode.

[0012] The first PIN diode is electrically connected to the second capacitor, and the fourth inductor is electrically connected to the output port.

[0013] The anode of the first PIN diode is electrically connected to the second capacitor and the fourth inductor, the cathode of the first PIN diode is grounded, the cathode of the second PIN diode is connected to the anode of the first PIN diode, the anode of the second PIN diode is grounded, the anode of the third PIN diode is connected to the microstrip line between the fourth inductor and the output port, and the cathode of the third PIN diode is grounded; the cathode of the fourth PIN diode is connected to the anode of the third PIN diode, and the anode of the fourth PIN diode is grounded.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model designs an integrated anti-multiple-type pulse protection circuit, which achieves a suppression degree of more than 40dB for nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves through the time domain and frequency domain coordinated protection of transient discharge circuits and filter circuits, and provides an effective design method and protection path for the design of radio frequency system anti-multiple-type strong electromagnetic pulse protection components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment in size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the protection circuit of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a steady-state model diagram of the protection circuit of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a transient model diagram of the protection circuit of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the insertion loss test curve diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a waveform diagram of nuclear electromagnetic pulse injection of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is the waveform diagram of nuclear electromagnetic pulse output of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a high-power microwave injection waveform diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is the waveform diagram of the high-power microwave output of the utility model.

[0027] Among them: 1 is a primary discharge unit, 1-1 is a first inductor, 1-2 is a second inductor, 1-3 is a gas discharge tube, 2 is a secondary filtering unit, 2-1 is a first capacitor, 2-2 is a second capacitor, 2-3 is a third inductor, 3 is a tertiary discharge unit, 3-1 is a first PIN diode, 3-2 is a second PIN diode, 3-3 is a third PIN diode, 3-4 is a fourth PIN diode, and 3-5 is a fourth inductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. These descriptions are only to further illustrate the features and advantages of the utility model, rather than to limit the claims of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] A high-inhibition RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a primary discharge unit 1, a secondary filter unit 2 and a tertiary discharge unit 3, the primary discharge unit 1 is connected to the input port, the primary discharge unit 1 is electrically connected to the secondary filter unit 2, the secondary filter unit 2 is electrically connected to the tertiary discharge unit 3, and the tertiary discharge unit 3 is connected to the output port.

[0033] Furthermore, the first-level discharge unit 1 includes a first inductor 1-1, a second inductor 1-2, and a gas discharge tube 1-3. The second inductor 1-2 is electrically connected to the first inductor 1-1, the first inductor 1-1 is electrically connected to the gas discharge tube 1-3, and the gas discharge tube 1-3 is grounded. Since the gas discharge tube 1-3 has a large flow rate and a low junction capacitance, the first-level discharge unit 1 is responsible for discharging most of the pulse energy through the gas discharge tube 1-3. The gas discharge tube 1-3 is selected considering the flow rate and the breakdown voltage to meet the pulse protection requirements. In the steady-state working state, the gas discharge tube 1-3 is equivalent to a capacitor, and forms a low-pass filter structure with the front and rear inductors. By adjusting the inductance, a lower insertion loss is achieved in the passband to ensure that the signal in the working frequency band passes normally.

[0034] Furthermore, the secondary filtering unit 2 includes a first capacitor 2-1, a second capacitor 2-2, and a third inductor 2-3. The first capacitor 2-1 is electrically connected to the second capacitor 2-2, the first capacitor 2-1 is electrically connected to the third inductor 2-3, and the third inductor 2-3 is grounded. The capacitor and the inductor form a high-pass filter structure, which is used to filter out the low-frequency components of the leakage pulses of nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves after passing through the primary discharge unit 1. The high-pass filter circuit sets the cut-off frequency, out-of-band suppression, passband frequency, and in-band fluctuation parameters according to the working frequency band of the protective equipment, and transforms to the corresponding high-pass filter structure through the low-pass filter prototype to obtain the initial values ​​of the components. Subsequently, by adding a transmission line structure, the parameters of the capacitor and inductor devices are optimized to ensure that the frequency domain filtering characteristics under steady-state operation meet the requirements and obtain the final component values.

[0035] Further, the three-stage discharge unit 3 includes a first PIN diode 3-1, a second PIN diode 3-2, a third PIN diode 3-3, a fourth PIN diode 3-4, and a fourth inductor 3-5. The anode of the first PIN diode 3-1 is electrically connected to the second capacitor 2-2 and the fourth inductor 3-5, the cathode of the first PIN diode 3-1 is grounded, the cathode of the second PIN diode 3-2 is connected to the anode of the first PIN diode 3-1, the anode of the second PIN diode 3-2 is grounded, the anode of the third PIN diode 3-3 is connected to the microstrip line between the fourth inductor 3-5 and the output port, the cathode of the third PIN diode 3-3 is grounded; the cathode of the fourth PIN diode 3-4 is connected to the anode of the third PIN diode 3-3, and the anode of the fourth PIN diode 3-4 is grounded. The two-stage limiting structure is formed by four PIN diodes and one series inductor, and the output leakage power is suppressed by quickly responding to high-power microwaves. The selection of PIN diodes is based on comprehensive consideration of indicators such as the magnitude of input power, operating frequency band, dissipated power, circuit implementation form, etc. When selecting, ensure that the maximum power handling power of the tube core has sufficient margin compared to the input power, and also ensure a lower output signal level to protect the subsequent circuit from being burned.

[0036] Steady-state model construction: The steady-state model of the protection circuit under small signal is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the gas discharge tube of the first-stage discharge unit and the PIN diode of the third-stage discharge unit are simulated by using a capacitor equivalent model, the transmission characteristics of the protection circuit are simulated, and the circuit insertion loss is predicted.

[0037] Transient model construction: The transient model of the protection circuit under strong electromagnetic pulse injection is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, based on the Spice equivalent circuit model and pulse characteristic parameters of the gas discharge tube and PIN diode, and setting the nuclear electromagnetic pulse and high-power microwave source parameters, the transient response prediction of the protection circuit under the action of a strong electromagnetic pulse is achieved through transient simulation.

[0038] The input and output ports are welded with RF N-type connectors and microstrip lines and fixed to the housing via flanges. The protective circuit board is fixed to the housing via screws and assembled into the housing.

[0039] The test insertion loss of the protection component under small signal steady-state operation is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in Figure 1, within 96.3% of the relative bandwidth, the insertion loss is less than 1dB. The nuclear electromagnetic pulse injection waveform and output waveform are shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the high power microwave injection waveform and output waveform are as follows Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the protection component can achieve a suppression degree of more than 40dB against nuclear electromagnetic pulses and high-power microwaves.

[0040] Only the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and various changes should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses, characterized by: The invention comprises a primary discharge unit (1), a secondary filter unit (2) and a tertiary discharge unit (3), wherein the primary discharge unit (1) is connected to an input port, the primary discharge unit (1) is electrically connected to the secondary filter unit (2), the secondary filter unit (2) is electrically connected to the tertiary discharge unit (3), and the tertiary discharge unit (3) is connected to an output port.

2. According to claim 1, a high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses is characterized by: The first-level discharge unit (1) comprises a first inductor (1-1), a second inductor (1-2), and a gas discharge tube (1-3); the second inductor (1-2) is electrically connected to the first inductor (1-1); the first inductor (1-1) is electrically connected to the gas discharge tube (1-3); and the gas discharge tube (1-3) is grounded.

3. According to claim 2, a high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses is characterized by: The first inductor (1-1) is electrically connected to the input port, and the second inductor (1-2) is electrically connected to the secondary filtering unit (2).

4. The high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The secondary filtering unit (2) comprises a first capacitor (2-1), a second capacitor (2-2), and a third inductor (2-3); the first capacitor (2-1) is electrically connected to the second capacitor (2-2); the first capacitor (2-1) is electrically connected to the third inductor (2-3); and the third inductor (2-3) is grounded.

5. The high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first capacitor (2-1) is electrically connected to the second inductor (1-2), and the second capacitor (2-2) is electrically connected to the third-stage discharge unit (3).

6. The high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-stage discharge unit (3) comprises a first PIN diode (3-1), a second PIN diode (3-2), a third PIN diode (3-3), a fourth PIN diode (3-4), and a fourth inductor (3-5); the first PIN diode (3-1) is electrically connected to the second PIN diode (3-2); the first PIN diode (3-1) and the second PIN diode (3-2) are both electrically connected to the fourth inductor (3-5); the fourth inductor (3-5) is electrically connected to the third PIN diode (3-3) and the fourth PIN diode (3-4) respectively; and the third PIN diode (3-3) is electrically connected to the fourth PIN diode (3-4).

7. The high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses according to claim 6 is characterized by: The first PIN diode (3-1) is electrically connected to the second capacitor (2-2), and the fourth inductor (3-5) is electrically connected to the output port.

8. The high-suppression RF protection component against multiple types of strong electromagnetic pulses according to claim 6 is characterized by: The anode of the first PIN diode (3-1) is electrically connected to the second capacitor (2-2) and the fourth inductor (3-5); the cathode of the first PIN diode (3-1) is grounded; the cathode of the second PIN diode (3-2) is connected to the anode of the first PIN diode (3-1); the anode of the second PIN diode (3-2) is grounded; the anode of the third PIN diode (3-3) is connected to the microstrip line between the fourth inductor (3-5) and the output port; the cathode of the third PIN diode (3-3) is grounded; the cathode of the fourth PIN diode (3-4) is connected to the anode of the third PIN diode (3-3); and the anode of the fourth PIN diode (3-4) is grounded.

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