Experimental device for researching influence of land utilization change on runoff

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device for studying the influence of land utilization change on runoff, which comprises a river channel shell, a soil layer is arranged in the river channel shell, and two ends of the river channel shell are fixedly connected with an arc-shaped backflow cover. The device has the advantages that the river channel shell, the soil layer, the arc-shaped backflow cover, the water flow generation structure, the first electric push rod, the movable plate, the second electric push rod, the scraper, the connecting clamping groove, the connecting clamping block, the pressing plate, the fixing structure, the soil layer, the U-shaped mounting frame and the radar flow velocity meter are arranged in a matched mode; the influence of soil increase or decrease in the river channel on the water flow velocity can be tested, the water flow velocity in the middle of the river channel after soil increase or decrease in the river channel can be conveniently measured, the whole experiment process is simple and convenient, and whether a pressing plate is installed or not can be selected according to soil increase or decrease. And the operation of mounting and dismounting the pressing plate is relatively simple and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device for studying the influence of land use change on runoff. Background Art

[0002] Land use change refers to changes in land use and management methods that are caused by human beings. Runoff refers to the flow of water along the surface or underground under the action of gravity, which is caused by rainfall, meltwater from ice and snow, or when watering the land. There are different types of runoff. According to the source of the water flow, there are rainfall runoff, meltwater runoff, and irrigation runoff; according to the flow mode, there are surface runoff and ground runoff. Surface runoff is further divided into slope flow and river channel flow. In addition, there is solid runoff formed by solid matter (sediment) in the water flow, and ion runoff (see chemical runoff) composed of chemical dissolved substances in the water flow.

[0003] Land use change includes artificially reducing or increasing the soil inside the river channel. When the soil is reduced or increased, it will have a certain impact on the surface runoff. When exploring the impact of land use change on runoff in practice, if the width of the river channel is wide, it is not convenient to measure the water flow velocity in the middle of the river channel, making the entire research process more troublesome. Therefore, an experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff is needed to solve the above problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above technical deficiencies.

[0005] To this end, one purpose of the utility model is to propose an experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology and overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of one aspect of the utility model provides an experimental device for studying the influence of land use change on runoff, comprising a river channel shell, a soil layer is arranged inside the river channel shell, an arc-shaped return flow cover is fixedly connected at both ends of the river channel shell, a water flow generating structure is arranged on the arc-shaped return flow cover, two brackets are fixedly installed on one side of the river channel shell, a first electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top side of the two brackets, a moving plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the two first electric push rods, two second electric push rods are fixedly installed on one side of the moving plate, a scraper is fixedly connected to the output end of the two second electric push rods, a connecting slot is opened on one side of the scraper, a connecting card block is clamped on the inner wall of the connecting slot, a pressure plate is fixedly connected on one side of the connecting card block, a fixing structure for fixing the pressure plate is arranged on the scraper, soil boxes are fixedly installed on two symmetrical sides of the river channel shell, two U-shaped mounting frames are fixedly connected to the top side of the river channel shell, and radar flow meters are fixedly installed on the bottom sides of the two U-shaped mounting frames.

[0007] Preferably, one side of the connecting block is provided with a plurality of fixed sockets, the fixing structure comprises a fixed spring, a movable fixing plate and a fixed plug rod, one side of the scraper is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed springs, one end of the plurality of fixed springs is fixedly connected with a movable fixing plate, and the side of the movable fixing plate close to the scraper is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed plug rods.

[0008] Preferably, any of the above schemes comprises a water flow generating structure including a water suction pipe, a water pump, a delivery pipe and a water outlet pipe, a water suction pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped reflux hood, a water pump is fixedly installed at one end of the water suction pipe, a delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water pump, and a plurality of water outlet pipes are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the delivery pipe.

[0009] Preferably, any of the above solutions has the scraper corresponding to the position of the soil box, and the length of the soil box is greater than the length of the scraper.

[0010] Preferably, any of the above schemes has the connection block and the connection slot both being T-shaped, and the connection block and the connection slot being matched in size.

[0011] Preferably, according to any of the above solutions, the scraper is located in the middle of the two U-shaped mounting frames.

[0012] Preferably, any of the above schemes has a portion of the fixed rod located inside the fixed spring, the fixed rod passes through one side of the scraper and extends to the inside of the connecting slot, the fixed rod is slidably connected to the scraper, and the fixed rod is adapted to the size of the fixed socket.

[0013] Preferably, any of the above schemes is that the water outlet pipe passes through the top side of the arc-shaped return flow cover and extends to the inside of the arc-shaped return flow cover, the water outlet pipe is arranged obliquely, and the water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped return flow cover.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] Through the coordinated arrangement of the channel shell, soil layer, arc-shaped reflow cover, water flow generating structure, first electric push rod, movable plate, second electric push rod, scraper, connecting slot, connecting block, pressure plate, fixed structure, soil layer, U-shaped mounting frame and radar flow meter, not only the effect of increasing or decreasing the soil inside the channel on the water flow velocity can be tested, but also the water flow velocity in the middle of the channel after the soil inside the channel is increased or decreased can be measured, making the whole experimental process relatively simple, and whether to install the pressure plate can be selected according to the increase or decrease of the soil, and the operation of installing and removing the pressure plate is relatively simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the river channel shell and its connecting components from the first perspective of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the river channel shell and its connecting components from a second perspective of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water flow generating structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first electric push rod and its connecting components of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second electric push rod and its connecting component of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing plate and its connecting components of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1-channel shell, 2-soil layer, 3-arc-shaped backflow cover, 4-water flow generating structure, 401-water suction pipe, 402-water pump, 403-delivery pipe, 404-water outlet pipe, 5-bracket, 6-first electric push rod, 7-moving plate, 8-second electric push rod, 9-scraper, 10-connecting slot, 11-connecting block, 12-pressing plate, 13-fixed structure, 1301-fixed spring, 1302-movable fixed plate, 1303-fixed plug rod, 14-soil box, 15-U-shaped mounting frame, 16-radar flow meter, 17-fixed socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, an experimental device for studying the influence of land use change on runoff comprises a river channel shell 1, through which the river channel is simulated, a soil layer 2 is arranged inside the river channel shell 1, through which the soil layer 2 simulates the soil on the river channel, an arc-shaped return flow cover 3 is fixedly connected at both ends of the river channel shell 1, through which water can flow in a cycle, a water flow generating structure 4 is arranged on the arc-shaped return flow cover 3, two brackets 5 are fixedly installed on one side of the river channel shell 1, first electric push rods 6 are fixedly installed on the top sides of the two brackets 5, a moving plate 7 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two first electric push rods 6, and the moving plate 7 Two second electric push rods 8 are fixedly installed on one side, and a scraper 9 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two second electric push rods 8. A connecting card slot 10 is opened on one side of the scraper 9, and a connecting card block 11 is clamped on the inner wall of the connecting card slot 10. A pressure plate 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting card block 11. A fixing structure 13 for fixing the pressure plate 12 is provided on the scraper 9. Soil boxes 14 are fixedly installed on two symmetrical sides of the river channel shell 1. Two U-shaped mounting frames 15 are fixedly connected to the top side of the river channel shell 1. Radar current meters 16 are fixedly installed on the bottom sides of the two U-shaped mounting frames 15. When simulating artificially reducing the soil layer and When conducting an experiment on the influence of land use change on runoff caused by the above-mentioned phenomenon, the pressure plate 12 is not installed at this time, and then the first electric push rod 6 is started to make the movable plate 7 drive the second electric push rod 8 and the scraper 9 to move downward, so that the scraper 9 moves to the bottom position of the soil layer 2, and then the second electric push rod 8 is started to make the scraper 9 move toward the soil layer 2, so that the scraper 9 enters the soil layer 2 to a suitable depth, and then the first electric push rod 6 is started to make the movable plate 7 drive the second electric push rod 8 and the scraper 9 to move upward, so that the scraper 9 scrapes the soil and drives the soil to move upward. When the scraper 9 moves to the end of the river channel shell 1, the scraper 9 will scrape the soil. The soil is transported to the inside of the soil box 14. When simulating the experiment of the influence of land use change caused by artificially increasing the soil layer on the runoff, the pressing plate 12 is connected to the scraper 9, and the soil is added to the soil layer 2, and then the second electric push rod 8 is started to make the scraper 9 drive the pressing plate 12 to move and compact the added soil, and the first electric push rod 6 can be started to make the scraper 9 move downward section by section and compact the added soil. After adding or reducing the soil and stabilizing the water flow, the readings of the two radar flow meters 16 are compared to understand the influence of the addition or reduction on the water flow velocity, so as to study the influence of land use change on runoff.

[0026] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, a plurality of fixed jacks 17 are provided on one side of the connecting block 11, and the fixed structure 13 includes a fixed spring 1301, a movable fixed plate 1302 and a fixed plug rod 1303. A plurality of fixed springs 1301 are fixedly connected to one side of the scraper 9, and one end of the plurality of fixed springs 1301 is fixedly connected to a movable fixed plate 1302, and a plurality of fixed plug rods 1303 are fixedly connected to the side of the movable fixed plate 1302 close to the scraper 9. When installing the pressure plate 12, first make the movable fixed plate 1301 The plate 1302 drives the fixed rod 1303 to separate from the scraper 9. At this time, the fixed spring 1301 is in a stretched state. Then the connecting block 11 is inserted into the connecting slot 10. At this time, the fixed rod 1303 corresponds to the position of the fixed socket 17. Then the movable fixed plate 1302 is slowly released. Under the reaction force of the fixed spring 1301, the fixed rod 1303 is inserted into the fixed socket 17, thereby completing the operation of installing the pressure plate 12, making the operation of installing the pressure plate 12 relatively simple, and also convenient for removing the pressure plate 12.

[0027] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, the water flow generating structure 4 includes a water suction pipe 401, a water pump 402, a delivery pipe 403 and a water outlet pipe 404. A water suction pipe 401 is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped return flow cover 3, a water pump 402 is fixedly installed at one end of the water suction pipe 401, a delivery pipe 403 is fixedly connected to the water outlet of the water pump 402, and a plurality of water outlet pipes 404 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the delivery pipe 403. When the water is circulated, the water pump 12 is started, and a part of the water precipitation located inside the arc-shaped return flow cover 3 is transported to the inside of the delivery pipe 403 through the water pump 402 and the water suction pipe 401, and then the water flows out through the water outlet pipe 404 and enters the inside of the arc-shaped return flow cover 3. At this time, the water will generate potential energy and cause the water to circulate between the river channel shell 1 and the arc-shaped return flow cover 3.

[0028] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, the positions of the scraper 9 and the soil box 14 correspond, and the length of the soil box 14 is greater than the length of the scraper 9, so that the soil scraped by the scraper 9 can better enter the interior of the soil box 14.

[0029] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, the shapes of the connecting block 11 and the connecting slot 10 are both T-shaped, and the sizes of the connecting block 11 and the connecting slot 10 are adapted to each other. Through the connecting block 11 and the connecting slot 10, the connection between the pressure plate 12 and the scraper 9 is more firmly made.

[0030] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, the scraper 9 is located in the middle of the two U-shaped mounting frames 15 , so that the two radar flow meters 16 can measure the water flow velocity in front of and behind the scraper 9 .

[0031] As an optional technical solution of the utility model, a portion of the fixed rod 1303 is located inside the fixed spring 1301, the fixed rod 1303 passes through one side of the scraper 9 and extends to the inside of the connecting slot 10, the fixed rod 1303 is slidingly connected to the scraper 9, and the fixed rod 1303 is adapted to the size of the fixed socket 17, so that the fixed rod 1303 can be smoothly moved and inserted into the inside of the fixed socket 17.

[0032] As an optional technical solution of the present invention, the water outlet pipe 404 passes through the top side of the arc-shaped return flow cover 3 and extends to the interior of the arc-shaped return flow cover 3. The water outlet pipe 404 is arranged at an angle, and the water outlet pipe 404 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped return flow cover 3, so that the water outlet pipe 404 can transport water to the interior of the arc-shaped return flow cover 3 and move the water.

[0033] An experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff. The working principle is as follows:

[0034] When simulating the experiment of the influence of land use change on runoff caused by artificially reducing the soil layer, the pressure plate 12 is not installed at this time, and then the first electric push rod 6 is started to make the movable plate 7 drive the second electric push rod 8 and the scraper 9 to move downward, so that the scraper 9 moves to the bottom position of the soil layer 2, and then the second electric push rod 8 is started to move the scraper 9 in the direction of the soil layer 2, so that the scraper 9 enters the soil layer 2 to a suitable depth, and then the first electric push rod 6 is started to make the movable plate 7 drive the second electric push rod 8 and the scraper 9 to move upward, so that the scraper 9 scrapes the soil and drives the soil to move upward. When the scraper 9 moves to the end of the river shell 1 The scraper 9 transports the scraped soil to the inside of the soil box 14. When simulating the experiment of the influence of land use change on runoff caused by artificially increasing the soil layer, the pressing plate 12 is connected to the scraper 9, and the soil is added to the soil layer 2, and then the second electric push rod 8 is started to make the scraper 9 drive the pressing plate 12 to move and compact the added soil, and the first electric push rod 6 can be started to make the scraper 9 move downward section by section and compact the added soil. After adding or reducing the soil and stabilizing the water flow, the readings of the two radar flow meters 16 are compared to understand the influence of the addition or reduction on the water flow velocity, so as to study the influence of land use change on runoff.

[0035] In summary, the experimental device for studying the influence of land use change on runoff, through the coordinated arrangement of the river shell 1, the soil layer 2, the arc-shaped return flow cover 3, the water flow generating structure 4, the first electric push rod 6, the moving plate 7, the second electric push rod 8, the scraper 9, the connecting slot 10, the connecting block 11, the pressure plate 12, the fixed structure 13, the soil layer 14, the U-shaped mounting frame 15 and the radar current meter 16, can not only experiment the influence of the increase or decrease of the soil inside the river channel on the water flow velocity, but also can facilitate the measurement of the water flow velocity in the middle of the river channel after the soil inside the river channel is increased or decreased, making the whole experimental process relatively simple, and can choose whether to install the pressure plate 12 according to the increase or decrease of the soil, and makes the operation of installing and removing the pressure plate 12 relatively simple.

Claims

1. An experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff, characterized in that: The invention comprises a channel shell (1), wherein a soil layer (2) is arranged inside the channel shell (1), an arc-shaped backflow cover (3) is fixedly connected to both ends of the channel shell (1), a water flow generating structure (4) is arranged on the arc-shaped backflow cover (3), two brackets (5) are fixedly installed on one side of the channel shell (1), a first electric push rod (6) is fixedly installed on the top side of the two brackets (5), the output ends of the two first electric push rods (6) are fixedly connected to a moving plate (7), two second electric push rods (8) are fixedly installed on one side of the moving plate (7), and the output ends of the two second electric push rods (8) are fixedly installed. A scraper (9) is fixedly connected to the end, a connection slot (10) is provided on one side of the scraper (9), a connection block (11) is clamped on the inner wall of the connection slot (10), a pressure plate (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the connection block (11), and a fixing structure (13) for fixing the pressure plate (12) is provided on the scraper (9), soil boxes (14) are fixedly installed on two symmetrical side surfaces of the channel shell (1), two U-shaped mounting frames (15) are fixedly connected to the top side of the channel shell (1), and radar velocity meters (16) are fixedly installed on the bottom sides of the two U-shaped mounting frames (15).

2. An experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed plug holes (17) are provided on one side of the connection block (11); the fixed structure (13) comprises a fixed spring (1301), a movable fixed plate (1302) and a fixed plug rod (1303); a plurality of fixed springs (1301) are fixedly connected to one side of the scraper (9); one end of each of the plurality of fixed springs (1301) is fixedly connected to a movable fixed plate (1302); and a plurality of fixed plug rods (1303) are fixedly connected to a side of the movable fixed plate (1302) close to the scraper (9).

3. An experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water flow generating structure (4) comprises a water suction pipe (401), a water pump (402), a delivery pipe (403) and a water outlet pipe (404); one side of the arc-shaped return flow cover (3) is fixedly connected to the water suction pipe (401); one end of the water suction pipe (401) is fixedly installed with the water pump (402); the water outlet of the water pump (402) is fixedly connected to the delivery pipe (403); and the outer surface of the delivery pipe (403) is fixedly connected to a plurality of water outlet pipes (404).

4. The experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper (9) corresponds to the position of the soil box (14), and the length of the soil box (14) is greater than the length of the scraper (9).

5. The experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection card block (11) and the connection card slot (10) are both T-shaped, and the connection card block (11) and the connection card slot (10) are matched in size.

6. The experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (9) is located in the middle of the two U-shaped mounting frames (15).

7. The experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 6, characterized in that: A portion of the fixed rod (1303) is located inside the fixed spring (1301), the fixed rod (1303) passes through one side of the scraper (9) and extends to the inside of the connecting slot (10), the fixed rod (1303) is slidably connected to the scraper (9), and the fixed rod (1303) is adapted to the size of the fixed socket (17).

8. The experimental device for studying the impact of land use change on runoff according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water outlet pipe (404) passes through the top side of the arc-shaped return flow cover (3) and extends to the interior of the arc-shaped return flow cover (3); the water outlet pipe (404) is arranged obliquely; and the water outlet pipe (404) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped return flow cover (3).

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