Diversion structure, battery plate and fuel battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a flow guide structure, a battery pole plate and a fuel battery. The flow guide structure comprises a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a flow guide flow channel, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are arranged along a first direction, projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the first direction are at least partially not overlapped, projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along a second direction are not overlapped, and a first end of the first flow channel is used for being connected with a gas inlet / outlet of a polar plate body; the second end of the second runner is connected with a reaction area of the polar plate body; the first end of the flow guide flow channel is connected with the second end of one first flow channel, and the second end of the flow guide flow channel is connected with the first ends of at least two second flow channels. According to the utility model, the diversion structure is arranged in the distribution area of the polar plate body so as to regulate and control the reaction gas in the distribution area of the polar plate body, so that the reaction gas is uniformly conveyed to the reaction area of the polar plate body from the inlet area or conveyed to the outlet area from the reaction area of the polar plate body, thereby improving the battery performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery polar plates, and in particular relates to a flow guide structure, a battery polar plate and a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, battery plates play an important role in gas distribution, hydrothermal management, and mechanical support. Improving the flow-guiding structure design of battery plates to evenly distribute the reaction gas to all parts of the electrode is an important means to improve battery performance. Traditional battery plates are mainly divided into three parts: inlet and outlet areas, distribution areas, and reaction areas. Due to the large area of ​​battery plates, in order to avoid local attenuation of the membrane electrode, the membrane electrode usually only covers the active area of ​​the battery plate to carry out electrochemical reactions, and the distribution area only plays the role of gas distribution.

[0003] In order to ensure the utilization rate of the active area of ​​the battery plate, the design width of the reaction zone is also relatively large, while the inlet and outlet areas of hydrogen or oxygen are relatively small. As a transition section connecting the inlet and outlet areas and the reaction area, the distribution area needs to distribute the gas from the inlet and outlet areas with smaller gas inlet and outlet channel apertures to the reaction area with exponentially larger channel apertures within a limited space, and evenly distribute the gas to each channel for electrochemical reaction. This poses a great challenge to the spatial arrangement of the distribution area and the uniformity of gas distribution. However, the existing diversion structure has a poor diversion effect and cannot solve the problems of insufficient distribution area arrangement space and uneven flow distribution of reaction gas. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a flow guiding structure to solve the problem of poor flow guiding effect of the existing flow guiding structure.

[0005] A flow guiding structure, used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the plate body, comprises a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a flow guiding flow channel;

[0006] The first flow channel and the second flow channel are arranged along a first direction, the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the second direction do not overlap, the first end of the first flow channel is used to be connected to the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body, and the second end of the second flow channel is used to be connected to the reaction area of ​​the electrode body;

[0007] The first end of the flow guide channel is connected to the second end of one of the first flow channels, and the second end of the flow guide channel is connected to the first ends of at least two of the second flow channels;

[0008] Preferably, the electrode body is provided with two distribution areas arranged opposite to each other, and a reaction area is provided between the two distribution areas;

[0009] The first direction is the arrangement direction between the distribution area and the reaction area on the electrode body;

[0010] The first direction and the second direction are two directions parallel to the surface of the electrode body and perpendicular to each other.

[0011] Preferably, the flow guide channel includes a turning flow channel, and the turning flow channel includes a turning flow guide portion;

[0012] Two guide walls formed by the cross section of the turning guide portion along a direction parallel to the pole plate body are not parallel, forming a turning inclination angle.

[0013] Preferably, the turning flow channel comprises at least two turning flow guides and at least one parallel flow guide, and each of the parallel flow guides is arranged between two adjacent turning flow guides;

[0014] The two guide walls formed by the cross section of the parallel guide portion along a direction parallel to the pole plate body are parallel.

[0015] Preferably, at least one of the turning guide portions is a gradually expanding guide portion, and the flow channel aperture of the gradually expanding guide portion gradually expands along the direction from the first flow channel to the second flow channel.

[0016] Preferably, the flow guide channel further comprises an inclined channel, a first end of the inclined channel is connected to a second end of the first channel, and a second end of the inclined channel is connected to first ends of at least two of the second channels;

[0017] The inclined flow channel is parallel to the guide wall formed by the cross section along the direction parallel to the electrode plate body.

[0018] Preferably, the flow guide channel comprises at least two turning channels and at least two inclined channels spaced apart along the second direction, and the length of the turning channel is greater than the length of the inclined channel;

[0019] The lengths of at least two of the turning channels gradually increase along the second direction away from the inclined channel, and the turning inclination angles of at least two of the turning channels gradually decrease along the direction away from the inclined channel.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of the turning angles of two adjacent turning flow channels is (1.3-4):1.

[0021] Preferably, the flow guiding structure further comprises a flow dividing ridge, wherein the flow dividing ridge is arranged in the flow guiding channel to separate the flow guiding channel to form at least two branch flow channels, and the second end of each branch flow channel is connected to the first end of one of the second flow channels.

[0022] Preferably, the diverter ridge comprises a first angle-bisecting ridge and a second angle-bisecting ridge;

[0023] The first angle bisecting ridge is arranged in the turning flow channel, and is used to divide the turning flow channel into at least two first branch flow channels; the turning flow channel comprises a first turning guide portion, a parallel guide portion, and a second turning guide portion connected in sequence;

[0024] The second angle bisecting ridge is disposed in the first branch flow channel corresponding to the parallel flow guide portion and the second turning flow guide portion, and is used to divide the first branch flow channel into at least two second branch flow channels;

[0025] The second end of each of the second branch flow channels is connected to the first end of a second flow channel.

[0026] A battery plate comprises a plate body and the flow guiding structure; the flow guiding structure is arranged on the plate body.

[0027] Preferably, the plate body is provided with an inlet and outlet area, a distribution area and a reaction area in sequence;

[0028] The first end of the flow-guiding structure is connected to the inlet and outlet of the inlet and outlet zone, and the second end of the flow-guiding structure is connected to the reaction zone.

[0029] Preferably, the inlet and outlet zones include an inlet zone and an outlet zone disposed on both sides of the reaction zone, and the distribution zone includes a first distribution zone and a second distribution zone disposed on both sides of the reaction zone;

[0030] The inlet area is provided with an air inlet, a cooling water inlet and a hydrogen inlet in sequence;

[0031] The outlet area is provided with a hydrogen outlet, a cooling water outlet and an air outlet in sequence;

[0032] The first end of one of the flow-guiding structures is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the second end thereof is connected to one side of the reaction zone; the first end of the other flow-guiding structure is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the second end thereof is connected to the other side of the reaction zone.

[0033] Preferably, the battery plate is a centrosymmetric structure.

[0034] A fuel cell comprises the battery plate.

[0035] The utility model, the flow guide structure is used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body, so as to regulate the reaction gas in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body, so that the reaction gas is uniformly transported from the inlet area to the reaction area of ​​the electrode body or from the reaction area of ​​the electrode body to the outlet area, so as to improve the battery performance. The flow guide structure includes a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a flow guide channel; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are arranged along the first direction, and the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, that is, a part of the first flow channel and the second flow channel may correspond to each other in the first direction, and another part of the first flow channel and the second flow channel may not correspond to each other in the first direction, or the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the first direction may not overlap at all. The projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the second direction do not overlap, that is, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The first end of the first flow channel is used to connect with the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body, and the second end of the second flow channel is used to connect with the reaction area of ​​the electrode body, and the gas inlet and outlet here include the gas inlet of the inlet area and the gas outlet of the outlet area. When in use, the gas is transported from the gas inlet to the first flow channel of a distribution area, then enters the diversion flow channel from the first flow channel, then enters the second flow channel through the diversion flow channel, and enters the reaction area from the second flow channel; then the gas enters the second flow channel of another distribution area from the reaction area, then enters the first flow channel through the diversion flow channel, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet. Among them, the first end of the diversion flow channel is connected to the second end of a first flow channel, the second end of the diversion flow channel is connected to the first ends of at least two second flow channels, and the flow channel aperture of the first end of the diversion flow channel is smaller than the flow channel aperture of the second end of the diversion flow channel, which is convenient for guiding the gas to meet the requirements of switching between the inlet and outlet area with a smaller width and the reaction area with a doubled width in a limited space, and the gas is evenly distributed to each flow channel for electrochemical reaction, and the space of the distribution area can be reasonably arranged to ensure the uniformity of gas distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow guide structure in the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow guide channel in the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a battery plate in the utility model.

[0039] Among them, 1. first flow channel; 2. second flow channel; 3. guide flow channel; 31. turning flow channel; 311. turning guide part; 312. parallel guide part; 32. inclined flow channel; 4. diversion ridge; 41. first angle bisector ridge; 42. second angle bisector ridge; 5. plate body; 51. reaction zone; 52. inlet zone; 521. air inlet; 522. cooling water inlet; 523. hydrogen inlet; 53. outlet zone; 531. hydrogen outlet; 532. cooling water outlet; 533. air outlet; 54. first distribution zone; 55. second distribution zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The utility model embodiment provides a flow guide structure, referring to Figure 1-3The guide structure is used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body 5, and includes a first flow channel 1, a second flow channel 2 and a guide flow channel 3; the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged along the first direction, and the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, and the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the second direction do not overlap, the first end of the first flow channel 1 is used to be connected to the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body 5, and the second end of the second flow channel 2 is connected to the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5; the first end of the guide flow channel 3 is connected to the second end of a first flow channel 1, and the second end of the guide flow channel 3 is connected to the first ends of at least two second flow channels 2.

[0044] Among them, the first direction and the second direction are two directions perpendicular to each other. Taking the surface of the plate body 5 as a reference, the first direction is the direction from left (right) to right (left) along the surface of the plate body 5, and the second direction is the direction from bottom to top along the surface of the plate body 5.

[0045] As an example, the flow guide structure is used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body 5, so as to regulate the reaction gas in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body 5, so that the reaction gas is uniformly transported from the inlet area 52 to the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 or from the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 to the outlet area 53, so as to improve the battery performance. The flow guide structure includes a first flow channel 1, a second flow channel 2 and a flow guide flow channel 3; the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged along the first direction, and the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, that is, a part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may correspond to each other in the first direction, and another part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may not correspond to each other in the first direction, or the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction may not overlap at all. The projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the second direction do not overlap, that is, the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The first end of the first flow channel 1 is used to connect with the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body 5, and the second end of the second flow channel 2 is used to connect with the reaction zone 51 of the electrode body 5, where the gas inlet and outlet include the gas inlet of the inlet zone 52 and the gas outlet of the outlet zone 53. When in use, the gas is transported from the gas inlet to the first flow channel 1 of a distribution zone, then enters the guide flow channel 3 from the first flow channel 1, then enters the second flow channel 2 through the guide flow channel 3, and enters the reaction zone 51 from the second flow channel 2; then the gas enters the second flow channel 2 of another distribution zone from the reaction zone 51, then enters the first flow channel 1 through the guide flow channel 3, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet. Among them, the first end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the second end of a first channel 1, and the second end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the first ends of at least two second channels 2. The channel aperture of the first end of the diversion channel 3 is smaller than the channel aperture of the second end of the diversion channel 3, which is convenient for guiding the gas to meet the requirements of switching between the inlet and outlet area with a smaller width and the reaction area 51 with a doubled width in a limited space, and to evenly distribute the gas to each channel for electrochemical reaction. The space of the distribution area can be reasonably arranged to ensure the uniformity of gas distribution.

[0046] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 Two distribution areas are arranged opposite to each other on the electrode body 5, and a reaction area 51 is arranged between the two distribution areas; the first direction is the arrangement direction between the distribution area and the reaction area 51 on the electrode body 5; the first direction and the second direction are two directions parallel to the surface of the electrode body 5 and perpendicular to each other.

[0047] As an example, two distribution areas are arranged opposite to each other on the electrode body 5, and a reaction area 51 is arranged between the two distribution areas; the first direction is the arrangement direction between the distribution area and the reaction area 51 on the electrode body 5, and the first direction and the second direction are two directions parallel to the surface of the electrode body 5 and perpendicular to each other; when in use, the gas is transported from the gas inlet to the first flow channel 1 of a distribution area, and then enters the guide flow channel 3 from the first flow channel 1, and then enters the second flow channel 2 through the guide flow channel 3, and enters the reaction zone 51 from the second flow channel 2; then the gas enters the second flow channel 2 of another distribution area from the reaction zone 51, and then enters the first flow channel 1 through the guide flow channel 3, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet.

[0048] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The guide channel 3 includes a turning channel 31, and the turning channel 31 includes a turning guide portion 311; the two guide walls formed by the turning guide portion 311 along the cross section parallel to the electrode body 5 are not parallel, forming a turning inclination angle.

[0049] As an example, the flow guide channel 3 includes a turning flow channel 31, the first end of the turning flow channel 31 is connected to the second end of a first flow channel 1, the second end of the turning flow channel 31 is connected to the first ends of at least two second flow channels 2, and the flow channel aperture of the first end of the turning flow channel 31 is smaller than the flow channel aperture of the second end of the turning flow channel 31, so as to facilitate the gas diversion. The turning flow channel 31 includes a turning guide portion 311; the two guide walls formed by the turning guide portion 311 along the cross section parallel to the plate body 5 are not parallel, forming a turning angle. The gas enters from the flow channel hole of the turning flow channel 31, and the gas is turned and diverted by the turning guide portion 311, which can effectively improve the diversion effect. The two guide walls formed by the turning guide portion 311 along the cross section parallel to the plate body 5 are not parallel, forming a turning angle; such a setting can effectively reduce the space occupation of the distribution area while ensuring the diversion effect, improve the utilization rate of the active area of ​​the plate body 5, and solve the problem of insufficient space for the distribution area.

[0050] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The turning flow channel 31 includes at least two turning guide portions 311 and at least one parallel guide portion 312, each parallel guide portion 312 is arranged between two adjacent turning guide portions 311; the parallel guide portion 312 is parallel to the guide wall formed by the cross section parallel to the electrode body 5.

[0051] As an example, the turning flow channel 31 includes at least two turning flow guides 311 and at least one parallel flow guide 312, each parallel flow guide 312 is arranged between two adjacent turning flow guides 311, and the parallel flow guide 312 is parallel to the flow guide wall formed by the cross section parallel to the plate body 5. For example, the turning flow channel 31 can be designed to include a first turning flow guide, a parallel flow guide 312 and a second turning flow guide connected in sequence; the turning flow channel 31 adopts the form of "turning-parallel-turning" to guide, improve the guiding effect, the reaction gas flows into the flow channel hole of the turning flow channel 31, flows through the first turning flow guide, and then enters the second turning flow guide through the parallel flow guide 312. The two turns can effectively reduce the space occupation of the distribution area, improve the utilization rate of the active area of ​​the plate body 5, and solve the problem of insufficient space for the distribution area.

[0052] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one of the turning guide portions 311 is a gradually expanding guide portion, and the flow channel aperture of the gradually expanding guide portion gradually expands along the direction from the first flow channel 1 to the second flow channel 2.

[0053] As an example, at least one of the turning guide portions 311 is a gradually expanding guide portion, and the flow channel aperture of the gradually expanding guide portion gradually expands along the direction from the first flow channel 1 to the second flow channel 2. This arrangement can ensure that the turning flow channel 31 has sufficient flow space before the diversion, which can promote the flow of the reaction gas and avoid a sharp increase in pressure loss.

[0054] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The guide channel 3 also includes an inclined channel 32, a first end of the inclined channel 32 is connected to the second end of a first channel 1, and a second end of the inclined channel 32 is connected to the first ends of at least two second channels 2; the inclined channel 32 is parallel to the guide wall formed by the cross section in a direction parallel to the electrode body 5.

[0055] As an example, the diversion channel 3 also includes an inclined channel 32, the first end of the inclined channel 32 is connected to the second end of a first channel 1, the second end of the inclined channel 32 is connected to the first ends of at least two second channels 2, and the channel aperture of the first end of the inclined channel 32 is smaller than the channel aperture of the second end of the inclined channel 32, which is convenient for guiding the gas; the inclined channel 32 is parallel to the guide wall formed by the cross section along the direction parallel to the electrode body 5, which is convenient for quickly and evenly transporting the reaction gas from the inlet area 52 to the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 or from the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 to the outlet area 53.

[0056] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The guide channel 3 includes at least two turning channels 31 and at least two inclined channels 32 spaced apart along the second direction, the length of the turning channel 31 is greater than the length of the inclined channel 32; the length of the at least two turning channels 31 gradually increases along the second direction away from the inclined channel 32, and the turning inclination angles of the at least two turning channels 31 gradually decrease along the direction away from the inclined channel 32.

[0057] As an example, the flow guide channel 3 includes at least two turning channels 31 and at least two inclined channels 32 arranged at intervals along the second direction. The length of the turning channel 31 is greater than the length of the inclined channel 32. The gas enters from the channel holes of the turning channel 31 and the inclined channel 32. The turning channel 31 and the inclined channel 32 cooperate to turn and guide the gas, which can effectively improve the diversion effect. The length of at least two turning channels 31 gradually increases in the direction away from the inclined channel 32 along the second direction, and the turning inclination angle of at least two turning channels 31 gradually decreases in the direction away from the inclined channel 32; such a setting reduces the local loss in the turning channel 31 by reducing the turning inclination angle, thereby compensating for the increase in the loss along the way caused by the channel length, reducing the gas flow resistance in the longer channel, avoiding a sharp increase in pressure loss, thereby balancing the pressure difference between the turning channels 31 of different lengths, and improving the uniformity of gas distribution. Among them, the flow channel lengths of adjacent turning flow channels 31 are different, and the corresponding turning inclination angles α are also different. Starting from counting from the edge close to the reaction zone 51, the flow channel lengths of several flow channels with different lengths are d1, d2, d3...dn, and the flow channel lengths increase successively, that is, d1<d2<d3<...<dn; the turning inclination angles corresponding to the turning flow channels 31 are α1, α2, α3...αn, and the turning inclination angles decrease successively, that is, α1>α2>α3>...>αn.

[0058] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ratio of the turning angles of two adjacent turning channels 31 is (1.3-4):1.

[0059] As an example, the ratio of the turning angles of two adjacent turning channels 31 is (1.3-4):1, which can effectively reduce the local loss in the turning channel 31, thereby compensating for the increase in along-the-way loss caused by the channel length, reducing the gas flow resistance in the longer channel, and avoiding a sharp increase in pressure loss, thereby balancing the pressure difference between the turning channels 31 of different lengths and improving the uniformity of gas distribution.

[0060] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The flow guiding structure further includes a diverter ridge 4 , which is disposed in the flow guiding channel 3 to separate the flow guiding channel 3 to form at least two branch channels, and the second end of each branch channel is connected to the first end of a second channel 2 .

[0061] As an example, the guide structure also includes a diverter ridge 4, which is arranged in the guide channel 3 to separate the guide channel 3 to form at least two branch channels, and the second end of each branch channel is connected to the first end of a second channel 2. In this way, the gas can be diverted, the flow distribution can be finely controlled, and it is ensured that the channel has sufficient flow space before diversion, which is conducive to the uniformity and stability of gas distribution.

[0062] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The flow dividing ridge 4 includes a first angular bisector ridge 41 and a second angular bisector ridge 42; the first angular bisector ridge 41 is arranged in the turning channel 31, and is used to divide the turning channel 31 into at least two first branch flow channels; the turning channel 31 includes a first turning guide part, a parallel guide part 312 and a second turning guide part connected in sequence; the second angular bisector ridge 42 is arranged in the first branch flow channel corresponding to the parallel guide part 312 and the second turning guide part, and is used to divide the first branch flow channel into at least two second branch flow channels; the second end of each second branch flow channel is connected to the first end of a second flow channel 2.

[0063] As an example, the diversion ridge 4 includes a first angular bisector ridge 41 and a second angular bisector ridge 42; the first angular bisector ridge 41 is arranged in the turning channel 31, and is used to divide the turning channel 31 into at least two first branch flow channels; the turning channel 31 includes a first turning guide part, a parallel guide part 312 and a second turning guide part connected in sequence; the second angular bisector ridge 42 is arranged in the first branch flow channel corresponding to the parallel guide part 312 and the second turning guide part, and is used to divide the first branch flow channel into at least two second branch flow channels; the second end of each second branch flow channel is connected to the first end of a second flow channel 2; such an arrangement can realize the diversion of the gas entering the turning flow channel 31 from the flow channel hole of the turning flow channel 31 through the first angular bisector ridge 41 and the second angular bisector ridge 42, promote gas flow, make the flow distribution finely controllable, ensure that the flow channel before diversion has sufficient flow space, and contribute to the uniformity and stability of the reaction gas distribution. Among them, in the turning flow channel 31, the first turning guide portion is offset to form a turning angle α with the adjacent flow channel, which is regarded as the first turning; the first angle bisector ridge 41 is used as the angle bisector of the turning angle α to shunt the first turning guide portion, and divides it equally to form a turning angle β. The second turning guide portion is offset to form a turning angle β with the adjacent flow channel, which is regarded as the second turning; the second angle bisector ridge 42 is used as the angle bisector of the turning angle β to shunt the second turning guide portion, and divides it equally to form a turning angle γ.

[0064] As an example, the first angular bisector ridge 41 and the second angular bisector ridge 42 are arranged at intervals in the inclined flow channel 32, and are used to divide the inclined flow channel 32 into at least four third branch flow channels. The second end of a first flow channel 1 is connected to the first ends of four adjacent third branch flow channels, and the second end of each third branch flow channel is connected to the first end of a second flow channel 2. Such an arrangement can realize the diversion of gas entering the inclined flow channel 32 from the flow channel hole of the inclined flow channel 32 through the first angular bisector ridge 41 and the second angular bisector ridge 42, thereby promoting gas flow, making the flow distribution finely controllable, ensuring that the flow channel has sufficient flow space before diversion, and facilitating the uniformity and stability of the reaction gas distribution.

[0065] The utility model embodiment provides a battery plate, referring to Figure 1-3 , including a plate body 5 and a flow-guiding structure; the flow-guiding structure is arranged on the plate body 5.

[0066] As an example, a battery plate includes a plate body 5 and a flow guide structure; the flow guide structure is used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the plate body 5, so as to regulate the reaction gas in the distribution area of ​​the plate body 5, so that the reaction gas is uniformly transported from the inlet area 52 to the reaction area 51 of the plate body 5 or from the reaction area 51 of the plate body 5 to the outlet area 53, so as to improve the battery performance. The flow guide structure includes a first flow channel 1, a second flow channel 2 and a flow guide flow channel 3; the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged along the first direction, and the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, that is, a part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may correspond to each other in the first direction, and another part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may not correspond to each other in the first direction, or the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction may not overlap at all. The projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the second direction do not overlap, that is, the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The first end of the first flow channel 1 is used to connect with the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body 5, and the second end of the second flow channel 2 is used to connect with the reaction zone 51 of the electrode body 5, where the gas inlet and outlet include the gas inlet of the inlet zone 52 and the gas outlet of the outlet zone 53. When in use, the gas is transported from the gas inlet to the first flow channel 1 of a distribution zone, then enters the guide flow channel 3 from the first flow channel 1, then enters the second flow channel 2 through the guide flow channel 3, and enters the reaction zone 51 from the second flow channel 2; then the gas enters the second flow channel 2 of another distribution zone from the reaction zone 51, then enters the first flow channel 1 through the guide flow channel 3, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet. Among them, the first end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the second end of a first channel 1, and the second end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the first ends of at least two second channels 2. The channel aperture of the first end of the diversion channel 3 is smaller than the channel aperture of the second end of the diversion channel 3, which is convenient for guiding the gas to meet the requirements of switching between the inlet and outlet area with a smaller width and the reaction area 51 with a doubled width in a limited space, and to evenly distribute the gas to each channel for electrochemical reaction. The space of the distribution area can be reasonably arranged to ensure the uniformity of gas distribution.

[0067] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The plate body 5 is provided with an inlet and outlet area, a distribution area and a reaction area 51 in sequence; the first end of the guide structure is connected to the inlet and outlet of the inlet and outlet area, and the second end of the guide structure is connected to the reaction area 51

[0068] As an example, the electrode body 5 is provided with an inlet and outlet area, a distribution area and a reaction area 51 in sequence; the first end of the guide structure is connected to the inlet and outlet of the inlet and outlet area, and the second end of the guide structure is connected to the reaction area 51. This arrangement is to regulate the reaction gas in the distribution area of ​​the electrode body 5, so that the reaction gas is evenly transported from the inlet area 52 to the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 or from the reaction area 51 of the electrode body 5 to the outlet area 53, so as to improve the battery performance.

[0069] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The inlet and outlet areas include an inlet area 52 and an outlet area 53 arranged on both sides of the reaction area 51, and the distribution area includes a first distribution area 54 and a second distribution area 55 arranged on both sides of the reaction area 51; the inlet area 52 is provided with an air inlet 521, a cooling water inlet 522 and a hydrogen inlet 523 in sequence; the outlet area 53 is provided with a hydrogen outlet 531, a cooling water outlet 532 and an air outlet 533 in sequence; the first end of a guide structure is connected to the hydrogen inlet 523, and the second end thereof is connected to one side of the reaction area 51; the first end of another guide structure is connected to the hydrogen outlet 531, and the second end thereof is connected to the other side of the reaction area 51.

[0070] As an example, the outlet area includes an inlet area 52 and an outlet area 53 arranged on both sides of the reaction area 51, and the distribution area includes a first distribution area 54 and a second distribution area 55 arranged on both sides of the reaction area 51; the inlet area 52 is provided with an air inlet 521, a cooling water inlet 522 and a hydrogen inlet 523 in sequence; the outlet area 53 is provided with a hydrogen outlet 531, a cooling water outlet 532 and an air outlet 533 in sequence; a first end of a guide structure is connected to the hydrogen inlet 523, and a second end thereof is connected to one side of the reaction area 51; a first end of another guide structure is connected to the hydrogen outlet 531, and a second end thereof is connected to the other side of the reaction area 51 The hydrogen inlet 523 and the hydrogen outlet 531 are located at the corners of the electrode body 5, the reaction zone 51 is located at the center of the electrode body 5, the first distribution area 54 serves as a transition section between the inlet area 52, i.e., the hydrogen inlet 523 and the reaction zone 51, and the second distribution area 55 serves as a transition section between the outlet area 53, i.e., the hydrogen outlet 531 and the reaction zone 51, which determines that the guide structures in the first distribution area 54 and the second distribution area 55 are fan-shaped distributions. This arrangement can effectively reduce the space occupation of the distribution area, improve the utilization rate of the active area of ​​the electrode body 5, and solve the problem of insufficient space for the distribution area.

[0071] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the battery plate is a centrally symmetrical structure.

[0072] As an example, the battery plate is a centrally symmetrical structure, and the reaction zones 51 are centrally symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plate body 5 in the first direction. Such an arrangement can keep the battery plate symmetrical and uniform.

[0073] An embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell, including a battery plate.

[0074] As an example, a battery plate includes a plate body 5 and a flow guide structure; the flow guide structure is used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the plate body 5, so as to regulate the reaction gas in the distribution area of ​​the plate body 5, so that the reaction gas is uniformly transported from the inlet area 52 to the reaction area 51 of the plate body 5 or from the reaction area 51 of the plate body 5 to the outlet area 53, so as to improve the battery performance. The flow guide structure includes a first flow channel 1, a second flow channel 2 and a flow guide flow channel 3; the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged along the first direction, and the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, that is, a part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may correspond to each other in the first direction, and another part of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 may not correspond to each other in the first direction, or the projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the first direction may not overlap at all. The projections of the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 along the second direction do not overlap, that is, the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The first end of the first flow channel 1 is used to connect with the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body 5, and the second end of the second flow channel 2 is used to connect with the reaction zone 51 of the electrode body 5, where the gas inlet and outlet include the gas inlet of the inlet zone 52 and the gas outlet of the outlet zone 53. When in use, the gas is transported from the gas inlet to the first flow channel 1 of a distribution zone, then enters the guide flow channel 3 from the first flow channel 1, then enters the second flow channel 2 through the guide flow channel 3, and enters the reaction zone 51 from the second flow channel 2; then the gas enters the second flow channel 2 of another distribution zone from the reaction zone 51, then enters the first flow channel 1 through the guide flow channel 3, and finally is discharged from the gas outlet. Among them, the first end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the second end of a first channel 1, and the second end of the diversion channel 3 is connected to the first ends of at least two second channels 2. The channel aperture of the first end of the diversion channel 3 is smaller than the channel aperture of the second end of the diversion channel 3, which is convenient for guiding the gas to meet the requirements of switching between the inlet and outlet area with a smaller width and the reaction area 51 with a doubled width in a limited space, and to evenly distribute the gas to each channel for electrochemical reaction. The space of the distribution area can be reasonably arranged to ensure the uniformity of gas distribution.

[0075] In this example, the width difference between the inlet and outlet areas and the reaction area 51 is taken into consideration, the spatial arrangement of the distribution area flow channels is optimized, the space share of the distribution area is reduced, more reaction space is left for the reaction area 51, and the active area utilization rate of the electrode plate is improved; the length difference between the distribution area flow channels is taken into consideration, and the flow channels of different lengths are structurally designed to make the gas distribution finely controllable and achieve uniform distribution of the reaction gas flow; the balance between the length and width of the distribution area flow channels is taken into consideration to ensure that the distribution area flow channels have sufficient flow space to effectively reduce the pressure drop.

[0076] In this embodiment, turning the turning channel 31 in the flow guide structure twice can reduce the space share of the battery plate distribution area by 5.2%, and the area of ​​the reaction zone 51 is increased by 7.3% compared with the battery plate reaction zone 51 with a typical turning channel design, and the active area utilization rate of the battery plate is increased by 3.3%. Fluid software analysis shows that the uniformity index of the battery plate designed with the flow guide structure in this example and the battery plate designed with a typical turning channel is increased by 73.84%. It can be seen that the uniformity of gas distribution has been greatly improved, and the pressure loss has been reduced by 1.53%, which can effectively reduce the pressure drop, so that the fuel cell has better performance. Comparing the simulation results of the battery plate designed with the flow guide structure in this example and the battery plate designed with a typical turning channel, it is expected that the performance index (power density) can be improved by 5 to 8%.

[0077] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flow guide structure, used to be arranged in the distribution area of ​​the plate body, characterized in that: comprising a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a guide flow channel; The first flow channel and the second flow channel are arranged along a first direction, the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the first direction at least partially do not overlap, the projections of the first flow channel and the second flow channel along the second direction do not overlap, the first end of the first flow channel is used to be connected to the gas inlet and outlet of the electrode body, and the second end of the second flow channel is used to be connected to the reaction area of ​​the electrode body; The first end of the flow guiding channel is connected to the second end of one of the first flow channels, and the second end of the flow guiding channel is connected to the first ends of at least two of the second flow channels.

2. The flow guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode body is provided with two distribution areas arranged opposite to each other, and a reaction area is provided between the two distribution areas; The first direction is the arrangement direction between the distribution area and the reaction area on the electrode body; The first direction and the second direction are two directions parallel to the surface of the electrode body and perpendicular to each other.

3. The flow guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide channel includes a turning flow channel, and the turning flow channel includes a turning flow guide portion; Two guide walls formed by the cross section of the turning guide portion along a direction parallel to the pole plate body are not parallel, forming a turning inclination angle.

4. The flow guiding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turning flow channel comprises at least two turning flow guides and at least one parallel flow guide, and each of the parallel flow guides is arranged between two adjacent turning flow guides; The two guide walls formed by the cross section of the parallel guide portion along a direction parallel to the pole plate body are parallel.

5. The flow guiding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the turning guide portions is a gradually expanding guide portion, and the flow channel aperture of the gradually expanding guide portion gradually expands along the direction from the first flow channel to the second flow channel.

6. The flow guiding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow guide channel further comprises an inclined channel, a first end of the inclined channel is connected to a second end of the first channel, and a second end of the inclined channel is connected to first ends of at least two of the second channels; The inclined flow channel is parallel to the guide wall formed by the cross section along the direction parallel to the electrode plate body.

7. The flow guiding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guide channel comprises at least two turning channels and at least two inclined channels spaced apart along the second direction, wherein the length of the turning channel is greater than the length of the inclined channel; The lengths of at least two of the turning channels gradually increase along the second direction away from the inclined channel, and the turning inclination angles of at least two of the turning channels gradually decrease along the direction away from the inclined channel.

8. The flow guiding structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio of the turning angles of two adjacent turning flow channels is (1.3-4):

1.

9. The flow guiding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guiding structure further includes a flow dividing ridge, which is arranged in the flow guiding channel to separate the flow guiding channel to form at least two branch flow channels, and the second end of each branch flow channel is connected to the first end of one of the second flow channels.

10. The flow guiding structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diverter ridge includes a first angle-bisecting ridge and a second angle-bisecting ridge; The first angle bisecting ridge is arranged in the turning flow channel, and is used to divide the turning flow channel into at least two first branch flow channels; the turning flow channel comprises a first turning guide portion, a parallel guide portion, and a second turning guide portion connected in sequence; The second angle bisecting ridge is disposed in the first branch flow channel corresponding to the parallel flow guide portion and the second turning flow guide portion, and is used to divide the first branch flow channel into at least two second branch flow channels; The second end of each of the second branch flow channels is connected to the first end of a second flow channel.

11. A battery plate, characterized in that: It comprises a plate body and a flow guiding structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; the flow guiding structure is arranged on the plate body.

12. The battery plate according to claim 11, characterized in that: The plate body is provided with an inlet and outlet area, a distribution area and a reaction area in sequence; The first end of the flow-guiding structure is connected to the inlet and outlet of the inlet and outlet zone, and the second end of the flow-guiding structure is connected to the reaction zone.

13. The battery plate according to claim 12, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet zones include an inlet zone and an outlet zone disposed on both sides of the reaction zone, and the distribution zone includes a first distribution zone and a second distribution zone disposed on both sides of the reaction zone; The inlet area is provided with an air inlet, a cooling water inlet and a hydrogen inlet in sequence; The outlet area is provided with a hydrogen outlet, a cooling water outlet and an air outlet in sequence; The first end of one of the flow-guiding structures is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the second end thereof is connected to one side of the reaction zone; the first end of the other flow-guiding structure is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the second end thereof is connected to the other side of the reaction zone.

14. The battery plate according to claim 11, characterized in that: The battery plate is a centrally symmetrical structure.

15. A fuel cell, characterized in that: A battery plate comprising the battery plate according to any one of claims 11 to 14.

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