Novel refrigerating machine wiring structure, quantum calculation measurement and control system and quantum computer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of quantum computing, in particular to a novel refrigerating machine wiring structure, a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum computer, and the novel refrigerating machine wiring structure comprises a refrigerating machine main body which is internally provided with a plurality of temperature zones with the temperature reduced step by step and a photodiode; the microwave source and the electro-optical regulator are located outside the refrigerator body, the microwave source is connected with the electro-optical regulator through a first coaxial cable, and the output end of the electro-optical regulator is connected with one end of an optical cable. The other end of the optical cable penetrates through at least one temperature zone from one side of the refrigerator main body and is connected with the photodiode; the photodiode is connected with the quantum chip through a second coaxial cable. The microwave signals are transmitted in the mode that the coaxial cables and the optical cables are alternately used, thermal noise carried by the microwave signals entering the dilution refrigerating machine arranged in an inverted mode is reduced, and meanwhile normal operation of the quantum chip is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a novel refrigerator wiring structure, a quantum computing measurement and control system, and a quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] At present, there is an inverted layout of the dilution refrigerator, which has the advantages of compact layout, convenient operation and strong stability compared with the traditional layout. However, based on the refrigerator environment, the classic signal transmission method (coaxial cable or flexible strip line) also needs to be inverted, that is, the signal is connected from the bottom, and the coaxial cable must strictly pass through each temperature zone and finally be transmitted to the chip layer. At the same time, multiple attenuators are required for noise reduction processing, otherwise it will introduce large environmental thermal noise and affect the bit performance. This signal transmission method does not greatly improve the integration and operability of the superconducting quantum measurement and control system. The transmission of microwave signals from the bottom to the top of the inverted layout dilution refrigerator fails to give full play to the structural advantages of the inverted layout refrigerator. At the same time, the microwave signal directly connected from the top of the inverted layout dilution refrigerator will carry too much thermal noise, which will have a great impact on the operation of the quantum chip. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a novel refrigerator wiring structure, a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum computer, which are used to solve the problem that in the prior art, the microwave signal is transmitted from the bottom to the top of the inverted layout dilution refrigerator, which fails to give full play to the structural advantages of the inverted layout refrigerator. At the same time, the microwave signal is directly connected from the top of the inverted layout dilution refrigerator, which will carry too much thermal noise and have a great impact on the operation of the quantum chip.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a novel refrigerator wiring structure, comprising:

[0005] A refrigerator body, wherein a plurality of temperature zones with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode are provided in the refrigerator body;

[0006] A microwave source and an electro-optical modulator are located outside the refrigerator body, wherein the microwave source is connected to the electro-optical modulator via a first coaxial cable, an output end of the electro-optical modulator is connected to one end of an optical cable, and the other end of the optical cable passes through at least one of the temperature zones from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the photodiode;

[0007] The photodiode is connected to the quantum chip via a second coaxial cable.

[0008] Optionally, the photodiode includes a first photodiode, the temperature zones include at least a first temperature zone, a second temperature zone, a third temperature zone, and a fourth temperature zone having the same temperature as the third temperature zone, wherein the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone, and the third temperature zone are distributed along the same horizontal direction;

[0009] The other end of the optical cable passes through the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone and the first photodiode in the third temperature zone from one side of the refrigerator body, and the output end of the first photodiode is connected to the quantum chip in the fourth temperature zone through the second coaxial cable.

[0010] Optionally, the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone, the third temperature zone, and the fourth temperature zone are isolated by a first plate, and the first plate and the first side surface of the refrigerator body are provided with a first through hole, the other end of the optical cable passes through the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone through the first through hole and is connected to the first photodiode in the third temperature zone, and the second coaxial cable connected to the output end of the first photodiode passes through the first through hole and passes through the first plate to be connected to the quantum chip in the fourth temperature zone.

[0011] Optionally, a first latch structure is further included, wherein the first latch structure passes through the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone through the first through hole and is detachably connected to the first plate body and the first side surface of the refrigerator body.

[0012] Optionally, the first pin structure is used to integrate the optical cables and fix the integrated optical cables in the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone, and the first photodiode is arranged on one end of the first pin structure in the third temperature zone.

[0013] Optionally, the photodiode includes a second photodiode, and the temperature zones include at least a fifth temperature zone, a sixth temperature zone, and a seventh temperature zone having the same temperature as the sixth temperature zone, with temperatures decreasing step by step;

[0014] The other end of the optical cable passes through the fifth temperature zone, the sixth temperature zone and the seventh temperature zone from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the second photodiode, and the output end of the second photodiode is connected to the quantum chip through the second coaxial cable.

[0015] Optionally, the fifth temperature zone, the sixth temperature zone, and the seventh temperature zone are isolated by a second plate, and the second plate and the second side of the refrigerator body are provided with a second through hole, and the other end of the optical cable passes through the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone through the second through hole to be connected to the second photodiode in the seventh temperature zone, and the second coaxial cable connected to the output end of the second photodiode passes through the second plate through the second through hole to be connected to the quantum chip in the seventh temperature zone.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a second latch structure, which passes through the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone through the second through hole and is detachably connected to the second plate and the second side surface of the refrigerator body.

[0017] Optionally, the second pin structure is used to integrate the optical cable and fix the integrated optical cable in the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone, and the second photodiode is arranged on one end of the first pin structure in the seventh temperature zone.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computing measurement and control system, including a new refrigerator wiring structure described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, through which microwave signals are sent to a quantum chip.

[0019] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computer, comprising a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum chip described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum operations based on the microwave signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present application provides a new type of refrigerator wiring structure, a refrigerator body, a plurality of temperature zones with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode are arranged in the refrigerator body; a microwave source and an electro-optical regulator are located outside the refrigerator body, the microwave source is connected to the electro-optical regulator through a first coaxial cable, the output end of the electro-optical regulator is connected to one end of an optical cable, and the other end of the optical cable passes through at least one of the temperature zones from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the photodiode; the photodiode is connected to the quantum chip through a second coaxial cable. The present application avoids the excessive thermal noise carried by microwave signals directly connected from the top of the inverted dilution refrigerator, reduces the number of attenuators used, and has a higher degree of integration; since the thermal noise carried by the optical cable is small, the present application adopts the method of alternating coaxial cables and optical cables to transmit microwave signals, reduces the thermal noise carried by microwave signals entering the inverted dilution refrigerator, and at the same time, the transmission of microwave signals in this way does not need to go through each temperature zone, and reduces the wiring length and resource consumption under the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the quantum chip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a new type of refrigerator wiring structure proposed in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a new type of refrigerator wiring structure proposed in the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a novel refrigerator wiring structure proposed in the third embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in exact proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a novel refrigerator wiring structure is proposed for this application, including:

[0029] A refrigerator body 1, wherein a plurality of temperature zones 2 with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode 3 are provided in the refrigerator body;

[0030] A microwave source 4 and an electro-optical modulator 5 are located outside the refrigerator body 1, wherein the microwave source 4 is connected to the electro-optical modulator 5 via a first coaxial cable 6, an output end of the electro-optical modulator 5 is connected to one end of an optical cable 7, and the other end of the optical cable 7 passes through at least one of the temperature zones 2 from one side of the refrigerator body 1 and is connected to the photodiode 3;

[0031] The photodiode 3 is connected to the quantum chip 9 via a second coaxial cable 8 .

[0032] In an optional embodiment, there is currently an inverted layout dilution refrigerator. Referring to the comparative document (CN112325498A), compared with the traditional layout, this dilution refrigerator has the advantages of compact layout, convenient operation and strong stability. However, based on the refrigerator environment, the classic signal transmission method (coaxial cable or flexible strip line) also needs to be inverted, that is, the signal is connected from the bottom, and the coaxial cable must strictly pass through each temperature zone and finally be transmitted to the chip layer. At the same time, multiple attenuators are required for noise reduction processing, otherwise it will introduce large environmental thermal noise, affecting the performance of quantum bits. To solve the above problems, this application proposes a new refrigerator wiring structure, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes a refrigerator body 1 and a microwave source 4 and an electro-optical regulator 5 located outside the refrigerator body 1. The refrigerator body is provided with a plurality of temperature zones 2 with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode 3; the temperatures of the plurality of temperature zones 2 are gradually reduced in order from bottom to top and from right to left; the microwave source 4 is connected to the electro-optical regulator 5 through a first coaxial cable 6, the electro-optical regulator 5 generates an optical signal carrying microwave signal information based on the microwave signal output by the microwave source 4, and transmits the optical signal to the temperature zone 2 in the refrigerator body 1 through an optical cable 7 connected to the output end of the electro-optical regulator 5, and the optical signal in the temperature zone 2 is transmitted to the refrigerator body 1. The photodiode 3 is connected to the optical cable 7 to restore the optical signal to the original microwave signal, and the restored microwave signal is input to the connected quantum chip 9 through the second coaxial cable 8, wherein the other end of the optical cable 7 passes through at least one of the temperature zones 2 from one side of the refrigerator body 1 and is connected to the photodiode 3. The alternating arrangement of optical cables and coaxial cables avoids the need for coaxial cables to pass through each temperature zone to transmit microwave signals to the quantum chip, thus simplifying the wiring structure. Since the thermal noise carried by the optical cable 7 is relatively small, the use of attenuators is relatively reduced, thereby improving the integration of the new refrigerator and reducing resource consumption. It should be noted that Figure 1 This is only an example and does not mean that the optical cable 7 passes through multiple temperature zones 2. It is sufficient to ensure that the optical cable 7 passes through at least one temperature zone 2. Of course, as the number of temperature zones 2 passing through increases, the thermal noise elimination effect is better. Figure 1 The wiring structure shown is for illustration of a preferred embodiment. Figure 1 The wiring structure does not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the temperatures of the multiple temperature zones are gradually reduced in the order of 4K, 0.6K-0.8K, 100mK, and 10-20mK.

[0034] Optionally, the photodiode 3 includes a first photodiode 030, the temperature zone 02 includes at least a first temperature zone 020, a second temperature zone 021, a third temperature zone 022, and a fourth temperature zone 023 having the same temperature as the third temperature zone 022, wherein the first temperature zone 020, the second temperature zone 021, and the third temperature zone 022 are distributed along the same horizontal direction;

[0035] The other end of the optical cable 7 passes through the first temperature zone 020, the second temperature zone 021 from one side of the refrigerator body 1 and is connected to the first photodiode 030 in the third temperature zone 022. The output end of the first photodiode 030 is connected to the quantum chip 9 in the fourth temperature zone 023 through the second coaxial cable 8.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the microwave source 4 is connected to the electro-optical regulator 5 through a first coaxial cable 6. The electro-optical regulator 5 generates an optical signal carrying microwave signal information based on the microwave signal output by the microwave source 4. The optical cable 7 passes through the first temperature zone 020, the second temperature zone 021 and the first photodiode 030 in the third temperature zone 022 from one side of the refrigerator body 1. Therefore, the optical signal carrying microwave signal information is transmitted to the first photodiode 030 through the optical cable 7, and then the optical signal is restored to the initial microwave signal by the first photodiode 030, and the restored microwave signal is input to the connected quantum chip 9 through the second coaxial cable 8. The alternating arrangement of optical cables and coaxial cables avoids the need for coaxial cables to pass through each temperature zone to transmit microwave signals to the quantum chip, simplifies the wiring structure, and because the thermal noise carried by the optical cable 7 is small, the use of attenuators is relatively reduced, which improves the integration of the new refrigerator and reduces resource consumption. In this embodiment, the optical cable 7 only passes through the first temperature zone 020 and the second temperature zone 021, which is better than the thermal noise reduction effect of using a coaxial cable passing through four or more temperature zones, saving wiring resources. Among them, the temperature of the first temperature zone 020 is 0.6k-0.8k, the temperature of the second temperature zone 021 is 100mk, and the temperatures of the third temperature zone 022 and the fourth temperature zone 023 are 10mk-20mk.

[0037] Optionally, the first temperature zone 020, the second temperature zone 021, the third temperature zone 022, and the fourth temperature zone 023 are isolated by a first plate body 10, and the first plate body 10 and the first side surface 010 of the refrigerator body 1 are provided with a first through hole (not shown in the figure), and the other end of the optical cable 7 passes through the first temperature zone 020 and the second temperature zone 021 through the first through hole and is connected to the first photodiode 030 of the third temperature zone 022, and the second coaxial cable 8 connected to the output end of the first photodiode 030 passes through the first through hole and passes through the first plate body 10 to be connected to the quantum chip in the fourth temperature zone.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure that the optical cable 7 can be wired in the refrigerant body 1, a first through hole is provided on the first plate 10 and the first side surface 010 of the refrigerator body 1, and the optical cable 7 is wired in the refrigerant body 1 through the first through hole to realize the transmission of the optical signal; in order to ensure the stability of the optical cable 7 in the refrigerant body 1, the optical cable is usually bundled, and a fastening structure is provided at each first through hole position, and the fastening structure should ensure that while playing a fastening role, it can also isolate the external temperature to prevent temperature leakage between different temperature zones. Therefore, the shape of the fastening structure should be set in coordination with the first through hole, and the fastening structure is a heat-insulating material.

[0039] Optionally, the wiring structure further includes a first latch structure 11 , which passes through the first temperature zone 020 and the second temperature zone 021 through the first through hole and is detachably connected to the first plate and the first side surface 010 of the refrigerator body 1 .

[0040] Reference Figure 2 In order to facilitate the removal of the optical cable 7, the optical cable 7 can be set on the first latch structure 11, so that the optical cable 7 can be installed outside the refrigerator body 1, which is convenient for operation and replacement of the optical cable. The first latch structure should match the size of the first through hole, and the first latch structure 11 is fixed to the first plate body 10 and the first side surface 010 of the refrigerator body 1 by a fixing device such as a bolt. At the same time, the first latch structure 11 is tightly combined with the first plate body 10 and the first side surface 010 of the refrigerator body 1, and the first latch structure 11 is made of heat-insulating material to avoid temperature interference between various temperature zones.

[0041] Optionally, the first pin structure 11 is used to integrate the optical cable 7 and fix the integrated optical cable 7 in the first temperature zone 020 and the second temperature zone 021, and the first photodiode 030 is arranged on one end of the first pin structure 11 in the third temperature zone 022.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 The first photodiode 030 is disposed at one end of the first latch structure 11 in the third temperature zone 022 , so that the user can directly install the first photodiode 030 outside the refrigerator body 1 .

[0043] Optionally, the photodiode includes a second photodiode 031, and the temperature zones include at least a fifth temperature zone 024, a sixth temperature zone 025, and a seventh temperature zone 026 having the same temperature as the sixth temperature zone 025, with temperatures decreasing step by step;

[0044] The other end of the optical cable 7 passes through the fifth temperature zone 024, the sixth temperature zone 025 and the seventh temperature zone 026 from one side of the refrigerator body 1 to connect to the second photodiode 031, and the output end of the second photodiode 031 is connected to the quantum chip 9 through the second coaxial cable 8.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the microwave source 4 is connected to the electro-optical regulator 5 through a first coaxial cable 6. The electro-optical regulator 5 generates an optical signal carrying microwave signal information based on the microwave signal output by the microwave source 4. The optical cable 7 passes through the fifth temperature zone 024, the sixth temperature zone 025 and the second photodiode 031 in the seventh temperature zone 026 from one side of the refrigerator body 1. Therefore, the optical signal carrying microwave signal information is transmitted to the second photodiode 031 through the optical cable 7, and then the optical signal is restored to the initial microwave signal by the second photodiode 031, and the restored microwave signal is input to the connected quantum chip 9 through the second coaxial cable 8. The alternating arrangement of optical cables and coaxial cables avoids the need for coaxial cables to pass through each temperature zone to transmit microwave signals to the quantum chip, simplifies the wiring structure, and because the thermal noise carried by the optical cable 7 is small, the use of attenuators is relatively reduced, which improves the integration of the new refrigerator and reduces resource consumption. In this embodiment, the optical cable 7 only passes through the fifth temperature zone 024 and the sixth temperature zone 025, which is better than the thermal noise reduction effect of using a coaxial cable passing through four or more temperature zones, saving wiring resources. Among them, the temperature of the fifth temperature zone 020 is 4k, and the temperatures of the fifth and sixth temperature zones are 10mk-20mk.

[0046] Optionally, the fifth temperature zone 024, the sixth temperature zone 025, and the seventh temperature zone 026 are isolated by a second plate body 12, and the second plate body 12 and the second side surface 011 of the refrigerator body 1 are provided with a second through hole (not marked in the figure), and the other end of the optical cable 7 passes through the fifth temperature zone 024 and the sixth temperature zone 025 through the second through hole to be connected to the second photodiode 031 in the seventh temperature zone 026, and the second coaxial cable 8 connected to the output end of the second photodiode 031 passes through the second through hole to pass through the second plate body 10 to be connected to the quantum chip 9 in the seventh temperature zone 026.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the optical cable 7 can be wired in the refrigerant body 1, second through holes are provided on the second plate body 12 and the second side surface 011 of the refrigerator body 1, and the optical cable 7 is wired in the refrigerant body 1 through the second through holes to realize the transmission of optical signals; in order to ensure the stability of the optical cable 7 in the refrigerant body 1, the optical cable is usually bundled, and a fastening structure is provided at each second through hole position, and the fastening structure should ensure that while playing a fastening role, it can also isolate the external temperature to prevent temperature leakage between various temperature zones, therefore, the shape of the fastening structure should be set in coordination with the second through hole, and the fastening structure is a heat-insulating material.

[0048] Optionally, the wiring structure further includes a second latch structure 13, which passes through the fifth temperature zone 024 and the sixth temperature zone 025 through the second through hole and is detachably connected to the second plate 12 and the second side surface 011 of the refrigerator body 1.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 In order to facilitate the removal of the optical cable 7, the optical cable 7 can be set on the second latch structure 13, so that the optical cable 7 can be installed outside the refrigerator body 1, which is convenient for operation and replacement of the optical cable. The second latch structure 13 should match the size of the second through hole, and the second latch structure 13 is fixed to the second plate body 12 and the second side surface 011 of the refrigerator body 1 by a fixing device such as a bolt. At the same time, the second latch structure 13 is tightly combined with the second plate body 12 and the second side surface 011 of the refrigerator body 1, and the second latch structure 13 is made of heat-insulating material to avoid temperature interference between various temperature zones.

[0050] Optionally, the second pin structure 13 is used to integrate the optical cable 7 and fix the integrated optical cable 7 in the fifth temperature zone 024 and the sixth temperature zone 025, and the second photodiode 031 is arranged on one end of the second pin structure 13 in the seventh temperature zone 026.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 The second photodiode 031 is arranged at one end of the second latch structure 13 in the seventh temperature zone 026 , so that the user can directly install the second photodiode 031 outside the refrigerator body 1 .

[0052] In an optional embodiment, Figure 2 Compared with the optical cable 7 Figure 3 After going through more temperature zones for gradual noise reduction, the thermal noise it brings is lower, which is better than Figure 3 The wiring structure in Figure 3 The wiring structure can reduce the thermal noise carried by adding additional attenuators. Both embodiments can meet the normal operation of the quantum chip and can be used in practical applications.

[0053] The present application provides a new type of refrigerator wiring structure, a refrigerator body, a plurality of temperature zones with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode are arranged in the refrigerator body; a microwave source and an electro-optical regulator are located outside the refrigerator body, the microwave source is connected to the electro-optical regulator through a first coaxial cable, the output end of the electro-optical regulator is connected to one end of an optical cable, and the other end of the optical cable passes through at least one of the temperature zones from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the photodiode; the photodiode is connected to the quantum chip through a second coaxial cable. The present application avoids the excessive thermal noise carried by microwave signals directly connected from the top of the inverted dilution refrigerator, reduces the number of attenuators used, and has a higher degree of integration; since the thermal noise carried by the optical cable is small, the present application adopts the method of alternating coaxial cables and optical cables to transmit microwave signals, reduces the thermal noise carried by microwave signals entering the inverted dilution refrigerator, and at the same time, the transmission of microwave signals in this way does not need to go through each temperature zone, which reduces the wiring length and saves resources while ensuring the normal operation of the quantum chip.

[0054] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computing measurement and control system, including a new refrigerator wiring structure described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, through which microwave signals are sent to a quantum chip.

[0055] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also proposes a quantum computer, comprising a quantum computing measurement and control system and a quantum chip described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions, wherein the quantum chip performs quantum operations based on the microwave signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "specific example" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not have any limiting effect on the present application. Any technical personnel in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, may make any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present application, which shall be deemed as the content of the technical solution of the present application and still fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure, characterized in that: include: A refrigerator body, wherein a plurality of temperature zones with gradually decreasing temperatures and a photodiode are provided in the refrigerator body; A microwave source and an electro-optical modulator are located outside the refrigerator body, wherein the microwave source is connected to the electro-optical modulator via a first coaxial cable, an output end of the electro-optical modulator is connected to one end of an optical cable, and the other end of the optical cable passes through at least one of the temperature zones from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the photodiode; The photodiode is connected to the quantum chip via a second coaxial cable.

2. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photodiode includes a first photodiode, the temperature zones include at least a first temperature zone, a second temperature zone, a third temperature zone and a fourth temperature zone with the same temperature as the third temperature zone with gradually decreasing temperatures, and the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone and the third temperature zone are distributed along the same horizontal direction; The other end of the optical cable passes through the first temperature zone, the second temperature zone and the third temperature zone from one side of the refrigerator body to connect to the first photodiode, and the output end of the first photodiode is connected to the quantum chip in the fourth temperature zone through the second coaxial cable.

3. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first temperature zone, the second temperature zone, the third temperature zone, and the fourth temperature zone are isolated by a first plate, and the first plate and the first side surface of the refrigerator body are both provided with a first through hole. The other end of the optical cable passes through the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone through the first through hole and is connected to the first photodiode in the third temperature zone. The second coaxial cable connected to the output end of the first photodiode passes through the first plate through the first through hole and is connected to the quantum chip in the fourth temperature zone.

4. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first latch structure, which passes through the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone through the first through hole and is detachably connected to the first plate body and the first side surface of the refrigerator body.

5. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The first plug structure is used to integrate the optical cables and fix the integrated optical cables in the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone, and the first photodiode is arranged on one end of the first plug structure in the third temperature zone.

6. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photodiode includes a second photodiode, and the temperature zones include at least a fifth temperature zone, a sixth temperature zone, and a seventh temperature zone having the same temperature as the sixth temperature zone, with temperatures decreasing step by step; The other end of the optical cable passes through the fifth temperature zone, the sixth temperature zone and the seventh temperature zone from one side of the refrigerator body and is connected to the second photodiode, and the output end of the second photodiode is connected to the quantum chip through the second coaxial cable.

7. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The fifth temperature zone, the sixth temperature zone, and the seventh temperature zone are isolated by a second plate, and the second plate and the second side surface of the refrigerator body are provided with a second through hole, and the other end of the optical cable passes through the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone through the second through hole to be connected to the second photodiode in the seventh temperature zone, and the second coaxial cable connected to the output end of the second photodiode passes through the second plate through the second through hole to be connected to the quantum chip in the seventh temperature zone.

8. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a second latch structure, which passes through the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone through the second through hole and is detachably connected to the second plate body and the second side surface of the refrigerator body.

9. A new type of refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The second plug structure is used to integrate the optical cables and fix the integrated optical cables in the fifth temperature zone and the sixth temperature zone, and the second photodiode is arranged on one end of the second plug structure in the seventh temperature zone.

10. A quantum computing measurement and control system, characterized in that: The method comprises the novel refrigerator wiring structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the microwave signal is sent to the quantum chip through the novel refrigerator wiring structure.

11. A quantum computer, characterized in that: It includes the quantum computing measurement and control system as described in claim 10 and the quantum chip, and the quantum chip performs quantum calculations based on the microwave signal output by the quantum computing measurement and control system.

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