Single air distributor applied to engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single air distributor applied to an engine, which comprises a shell and a valve rod, the shell is a single distributor shell which is arranged near a starting valve and positioned above a cam shaft, an axial through hole consisting of a large step hole, a small step hole and a cylindrical hole which are communicated in sequence is processed in the shell, and the valve rod is arranged in the axial through hole. An air outlet hole is formed in the middle of the large stepped hole in the shell, and an air inlet connector is installed in a hole opening of the large stepped hole; the cam shaft is provided with a cam peach slice with a starting line type, and the starting line type is composed of a large circumferential face and a concave line. The valve rod is arranged in the axial through hole and sleeved with a reset spring. A ball is installed on the bottom face of the valve rod, the ball is in rolling contact with and matched with the starting line type of the cam peach piece after the valve rod moves downwards, and the ball is in clearance fit with the starting line type of the cam peach piece after the valve rod moves upwards to be reset. The device is simple in structure, reasonable in design, short in control pipeline, free of abrasion and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a single air distributor applied to engines. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are generally two ways to start medium-speed engines: one is motor starting, which is divided into pneumatic motor and electric motor, usually used for small-bore engines; the other is air distributor starting, usually used for large-bore engines.

[0003] The starting engine with air distributor uses a cylinder in the power stroke. The inlet and exhaust valves are closed, and the cylinder forms a closed space. The air distributor controls the starter valve near the cylinder combustion chamber through the control air path. High-pressure air is filled into the power stroke cylinder through the opened starter valve, thereby pushing the piston downward and the crankshaft rotates. According to the ignition sequence of the engine, the high-pressure air is passed into the cylinder of the power stroke cylinder one by one, so that the crankshaft speed becomes higher and higher, and finally the fuel ignites and works by itself, and the start is successful. Its composition and starting process are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it is mainly composed of compressed air bottle A1, main starting valve A2, main starting pipeline A3, starting valve A4, air distributor A5, etc. As shown in the figure, one path branched from the main starting valve A2 is connected to the air distributor A5 through the compressed air pipeline A6, and a control air path A7 is provided between the air distributor A5 and the starting valve A4. Its working process is: the high-pressure air in the compressed air bottle A1 is distributed to the main starting pipeline A3 and the branched compressed air pipeline A6 through the opened main starting valve A2. Among them: after the high-pressure air entering the main starting pipeline A3 reaches the starting valve A4 near the cylinder combustion chamber, it stops here because the starting valve A4 is not opened and cannot be filled into the cylinder. The control gas entering the air distributor A5 through the compressed air pipeline A6 is distributed by the air distributor A5 to the starting valve A4 of the cylinder in the power stroke in the arranged order (such as 1-5-7-3-8-4-2-6 of the eight-cylinder engine), so that the starting valve A4 of the cylinder in the power stroke is opened, so that the high-pressure air waiting in the main starting pipeline A3 can enter the cylinder in the power stroke through the opened starting valve A4, push the piston downward, and make the engine rotate.

[0004] The basic form of the air distributor in the prior art is generally as follows Figure 2As shown in the figure, it is mainly composed of a housing B1, a valve core B2, and an end cover B3. One end of the valve core B2 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the camshaft B4 and can rotate synchronously with the camshaft B4. The front end surface of the valve core B2 is processed with a concave annular air channel B21 and an axial compressed air channel B22 is processed in the annular air channel B21. The end cover B3 is processed with a compressed air inlet B31 for connecting to the compressed air pipeline A6. Its working process is as follows: See Figure 1 The high-pressure air output from the compressed air bottle A1 passes through the main start valve A2 and then enters the air distributor A5 through the compressed air pipeline A6. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , compressed air enters the annular air passage B21 of the valve core B2 from the compressed air inlet B31. Since a compressed air passage B22 is formed in the annular air passage B21, the design determines that the compressed air passage B22 must be connected to the start valve A4 of a cylinder before the engine is started. The compressed air will open the connected start valve A4, so that the compressed air will enter the annular air passage B21. Figure 1 The compressed air from the main starting valve A2 into the main starting pipeline A3 enters the cylinder, pushing the piston downward and causing the crankshaft to rotate. The rotation of the crankshaft will drive the camshaft B4 to rotate through the transmission gear, and the camshaft B4 will drive the valve core B2 of the air distributor A5 to rotate. In this way, the compressed air entering the annular air channel B21 of the valve core B2 can pass through the compressed air channel B22 of the valve core B2 and be distributed to the starting valve A4 of each cylinder one by one according to the designed ignition sequence, causing the engine to rotate.

[0005] However, the disadvantages of this starting method of the air distributor A5 are: first, after the start is successful, the camshaft B4 still drives the valve core B2 to rotate, and the structure of the air distributor A5 determines that there can be no lubricating oil inside it, so it is easy to cause wear of the valve core. Second, the air distributor A5 is installed at one end of the engine camshaft B4, and the control air circuit A7 branched from it must be connected to the start valve A4 of each cylinder one by one according to the ignition sequence. There are several control air circuits A7 for each cylinder in the engine, and there are many pipelines; the pipeline runs from one end of the engine to the cylinder start valve A4 at the other end, and the pipeline is long. This makes the pipeline layout complicated and difficult, and the interlacing is not beautiful. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a single air distributor applied to an engine with simple structure, reasonable design, short control pipeline, no wear and tear and long service life in view of the current status of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is:

[0008] A single air distributor used in an engine comprises a shell and a valve stem. The shell is a single distributor shell installed near the starting valve of each cylinder of the engine and located above the camshaft. An axial through hole consisting of a large step hole, a small step hole and a cylindrical hole connected in sequence is processed from top to bottom in the shell, and an air outlet hole radially connected to the large step hole is also processed on the shell at the middle position of the large step hole, and an air intake joint is installed in the orifice of the large step hole; a cam peach with a starting line shape is fixedly installed on the camshaft below the axial through hole, and the starting line shape is composed of a large circumferential surface and a concave line formed on the circumference of the cam peach; the valve stem is slidably arranged in the axial through hole, and a reset spring for pushing the valve stem to move upward and reset is mounted on the valve stem; a ball is installed on the bottom surface of the valve stem, and the ball rolls and contacts with the starting line shape of the cam peach after the valve stem moves downward, and the ball is matched with the starting line shape gap of the cam peach after the valve stem moves upward and resets.

[0009] To optimize the above technical solutions, the specific measures taken also include:

[0010] The upper end of the valve stem is formed with a sealing platform body that can cooperate with the large step hole seal sliding. The sealing platform body cooperates with the air outlet seal when the valve stem is in the original position and when the ball on the bottom surface rolls in contact with the large circumferential surface of the cam peach after the valve stem moves downward; the air outlet is opened when the ball on the bottom surface of the sealing platform rolls in contact with the concave profile of the cam peach after the valve stem moves downward.

[0011] The above-mentioned return spring is sleeved on the valve stem and arranged in the small step hole of the axial through hole. The top surface of the return spring is connected to the bottom surface of the valve stem sealing platform, and the bottom end of the return spring is connected to the step surface at the bottom of the small step hole.

[0012] An internal thread is processed in the orifice of the large step hole, and the air intake joint is spirally installed in the orifice of the large step hole. The air intake joint pad is equipped with a sealing gasket to prevent air leakage.

[0013] The cam peach is formed by butting and assembling two arc-shaped unit cam peaches (61) with the same structure; the plate surfaces at both ends of each unit cam peach are provided with joint bodies for convenient assembly by bolt penetration.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the single air distributor of the utility model is installed near the starting valve of each cylinder of the engine and is located above the camshaft, that is, there are several single air distributors for each cylinder of the engine. The advantages of this layout structure are short control pipeline, simple construction and convenient maintenance. The single air distributor is mainly composed of a shell, a valve stem, an air intake joint, a return spring, a ball and a sealing gasket. After the main starting valve is opened, the single air distributor can move the valve stem with a ball installed on the bottom surface downward under the action of high-pressure control gas, and through rolling contact with the cam peach installed on the camshaft, the starting valve of the corresponding cylinder is opened one by one according to the ignition sequence, so that the engine is started successfully. After the engine is successfully started and the main starting valve is closed, the valve stem of the utility model can move upward and reset under the action of the return spring, so that the ball under the valve stem is separated from the cam peach, forming a clearance fit, so that there is no problem of wear on the valve stem.

[0015] The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, short control pipeline, no wear and tear and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the startup process of an air distributor in the prior art;

[0017] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air distributor in the prior art; (a) is a front view of the air distributor, and (b) is a sectional side view of the air distributor;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the housing of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the utility model after the main start valve is closed;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the utility model when the main start valve is opened and the ball is in contact with the large circumferential surface of the cam peach;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the utility model when the main start valve is opened and the ball contacts the concave profile of the cam peach. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figures 3 to 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and working state of the utility model.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: compressed air bottle A1, main starting valve A2, main starting pipeline A3, starting valve A4, air distributor A5, compressed air pipeline A6, control air circuit A7, shell B1, valve core B2, annular air channel B21, compressed air channel B22, end cover B3, camshaft B4, gap S, outer shell 1, large step hole 1a, small step hole 1b, cylindrical hole 1c, air outlet 1d, valve stem 2, sealing platform 21, air inlet joint 3, return spring 4, ball 5, cam peach 6, large circumferential surface 6a, recessed profile 6b, unit cam peach 61, joint body 611, sealing gasket 7.

[0026] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the utility model discloses a single air distributor used in an engine. The single air distributor is used to be installed near the starting valve A4 of each cylinder of the engine. It is easy to install, the required control air path A7 is short, the layout is convenient and clean, and its valve stem 2 will not be easily worn like the valve core in the traditional air distributor. The single air distributor includes a housing 1 and a valve stem 2. The housing 1 is a single distributor housing 1 installed near the starting valve A4 of each cylinder of the engine and located above the camshaft B4. Figure 4 As shown, the housing 1 is processed and formed with an axial through hole along the axial direction, and the axial through hole is composed of a large step hole 1a, a small step hole 1b and a cylindrical hole 1c which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The diameter of the large step hole 1a is larger than the diameter of the small step hole 1b, and the diameter of the small step hole 1b is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical hole 1c. The housing 1 is also processed with an air outlet hole 1d which is radially connected to the large step hole 1a at the middle position of the large step hole 1a, and an air inlet joint 3 is installed in the orifice of the large step hole 1a. Figures 5 to 7 As can be seen in the figure, the air outlet 1d is used to connect the control air circuit A7 so that the high-pressure control gas can enter the start valve A4, thereby pushing the start valve A4 to open, so that the high-pressure air entering the main start pipeline A3 can enter the cylinder of the engine through the opened start valve A4. The air intake connector 3 is used to connect the compressed air pipeline A6 so that the high-pressure control gas branched after passing through the main start valve A2 can enter the air intake connector 3. Figure 3As shown, the utility model is fixedly installed with a cam peach 6 on the camshaft B4, below the axial through hole facing the housing 1, and the periphery of the cam peach 6 is designed with a starting line type, which is composed of a large circumferential surface 6a and a concave line 6b formed on the circumference of the cam peach 6. The valve stem 2 of the utility model is arranged in the axial through hole of the housing 1, and can slide up and down in the axial through hole. The valve stem 2 is sleeved with a reset spring 4, which is used to push the valve stem 2 to move upward and reset when there is no high-pressure control gas in the intake joint 3. The valve stem 2 after reset is in the original state, and in this state, the top surface of the valve stem 2 is positioned and matched with the bottom surface of the intake joint 3. The valve stem 2 has a certain length, and a ball 5 is installed on its bottom surface to prevent it from falling off and rotating. When the intake joint 3 is fed with high-pressure control gas, the high-pressure control gas will push the valve stem 2 to compress the reset spring 4 and move downward, and the ball 5 will roll and contact with the starting line type of the cam peach 6 after the valve stem 2 moves downward. When there is no high pressure control gas in the air inlet connector 3, Figure 1 As shown, the reset spring 4 will push the valve stem 2 to drive the ball 5 to move upward and reset, so that the ball 5 is separated from the cam peach 6, and a gap S is left between the ball 5 and the starting line of the cam peach 6 to prevent friction. That is to say, the ball 5 matches the starting line gap of the cam peach 6 after the valve stem 2 moves upward and resets.

[0027] In the embodiment, the upper end of the valve stem 2 of the utility model is formed with a sealing platform 21 that can cooperate with the large step hole 1a in sealing and sliding. When the valve stem 2 is in the original position and when the ball 5 on the bottom surface of the valve stem 2 rolls and contacts the large circumferential surface 6a of the cam peach 6 after the valve stem 2 moves downward, the sealing platform 21 seals and cooperates with the air outlet 1d, cutting off the path of the air inlet joint 3 communicating with the air outlet 1d. When the ball 5 on the bottom surface of the sealing platform 21 rolls and contacts the concave profile 6b of the cam peach 6 after the valve stem 2 moves downward, the air outlet 1d is opened, so that the air inlet joint 3 is connected with the air outlet 1d, so that the high-pressure control gas can enter the control air port of the start valve A4 through the air outlet 1d and the control air path A7.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the reset spring 4 of the utility model is sleeved on the valve stem 2 and arranged in the small step hole 1b of the axial through hole, the top surface of the reset spring 4 is connected to the bottom surface of the sealing platform 21 of the valve stem 2, and the bottom end of the reset spring 4 is connected to the step surface at the bottom of the small step hole 1b.

[0029] In the embodiment Figure 4 As shown, the opening of the large step hole 1a of the utility model is processed with an internal thread, and the air intake connector 3 is spirally installed in the opening of the large step hole 1a. The air intake connector 3 is also padded with a sealing gasket 7 for preventing air leakage.

[0030] In the embodiment, the cam peach 6 of the utility model is composed of two arc-shaped unit cam peaches 61 with the same structure butt-jointed and assembled; a joint body 611 is provided on the plate surface at both ends of each unit cam peach 61 for convenient bolt threading and assembly. The cam peach 6 of the utility model is composed of two unit cam peaches 61, which can facilitate the installation of the cam peach 6.

[0031] The working mode of the utility model is:

[0032] After the main start valve A2 is opened, high-pressure air enters the main start pipeline A3 and the branched compressed air pipeline A6. The high-pressure control gas entering the compressed air pipeline A6 comes to the air inlet joint 3 of the monomer air distributor. The high-pressure control gas acts on the upper surface of the sealing platform 21 of the valve stem 2, so that the valve stem 2 overcomes the spring force of the return spring 4, compresses the return spring 4 and moves downward, so that the ball 5 on the bottom surface of the valve stem 2 rolls and contacts with the cam peach 6 with the start profile. At this time, the rolling contact position of the ball 5 of the monomer air distributor of some cylinders is on the large circumferential surface 6a of the cam peach 6, such as Figure 6 As shown, the outlet hole 1d is still in a closed state. In this state, the air inlet connector 3 and the outlet hole 1d cannot be connected, resulting in the inability to open the start valve A4. The ball 5 of the single air distributor of some cylinders rolls in contact with the concave profile 6b of the cam peach 6, such as Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the air outlet 1d is opened, so that the air path to the starting valve A4 is connected, and the high-pressure control gas can enter the starting valve A4, opening the starting valve A4, so that the compressed air waiting in the main starting pipeline A3 can enter the cylinder, pushing the piston downward, driving the crankshaft to rotate, and the rotation of the crankshaft will drive the camshaft B4 to rotate through the transmission gear, and the camshaft B4 drives the cam peach 6 to open the starting valve A4 one by one in the ignition order, so that the engine starts successfully.

[0033] After successful startup, close the main startup valve A2 and disconnect the compressed air in the pipeline. Figure 5 As shown, there is no high-pressure control gas on the upper surface of the valve stem 2 of the single air distributor, and the return spring 4 will lift the valve stem 2, so that the ball 5 at the lower part of the valve stem 2 will be separated from the cam peach 6, creating a gap with it without contact. In this way, when the engine is working, the single air distributor will not contact the cam peach 6, thereby not causing wear.

[0034] The best embodiment of the present invention has been described, and various changes or modifications made by ordinary technicians in this field will not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single air distributor for use in an engine, comprising a housing (1) and a valve stem (2), wherein: The housing is a single-body distributor housing (1) installed near the starting valve (A4) of each cylinder of the engine and located above the camshaft (B4). The housing (1) is processed from top to bottom with an axial through hole consisting of a large step hole (1a), a small step hole (1b) and a cylindrical hole (1c) that are connected in sequence. The housing (1) is also processed with an outlet hole (1d) that is radially connected to the large step hole (1a) at the middle position of the large step hole (1a). An intake joint (3) is installed in the orifice of the large step hole (1a). The camshaft (B4) is fixed below the axial through hole. A cam peach (6) with a starting line is installed, and the starting line is composed of a large circumferential surface (6a) and a concave line (6b) formed on the circumferential surface of the cam peach (6); the valve stem (2) is slidably arranged in the axial through hole, and the valve stem (2) is sleeved with a reset spring (4) for pushing the valve stem (2) to move upward and reset; a ball (5) is installed on the bottom surface of the valve stem (2), and the ball (5) is matched with the starting line of the cam peach (6) in rolling contact after the valve stem (2) moves downward, and the ball (5) is matched with the starting line gap of the cam peach (6) after the valve stem (2) moves upward and resets.

2. A single air distributor for use in an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the valve stem (2) is formed with a sealing platform (21) that can cooperate with the large step hole (1a) in a sealing and sliding manner. The sealing platform (21) is sealed and cooperates with the air outlet (1d) when the valve stem (2) is in the original position and when the ball (5) on the bottom surface rolls and contacts the large circumferential surface (6a) of the cam peach (6) after the valve stem (2) moves downward; the sealing platform (21) opens the air outlet (1d) when the ball (5) on the bottom surface rolls and contacts the concave profile (6b) of the cam peach (6) after the valve stem (2) moves downward.

3. A single air distributor for use in an engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return spring (4) is sleeved on the valve stem (2) and arranged in the small step hole (1b) of the axial through hole. The top surface of the return spring (4) is connected to the bottom surface of the sealing platform (21) of the valve stem (2), and the bottom end of the return spring (4) is connected to the step surface at the bottom of the small step hole (1b).

4. The single air distributor used in an engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: An internal thread is processed in the opening of the large step hole (1a), and the air intake joint (3) is screwed into the opening of the large step hole (1a). The air intake joint (3) is provided with a sealing gasket (7) to prevent air leakage.

5. The single air distributor used in an engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cam peach (6) is formed by butt-jointing and assembling two arc-shaped unit cam peaches (61) with the same structure; the plate surfaces at both ends of each unit cam peach (61) are provided with joint bodies (611) for convenient assembly by bolt threading.

Images