The invention provides an electric car power battery thermal management system. The electric car power battery thermal management system comprises a thermoelectric plate heat exchanger, a radiator, a fan, a battery pack, a kettle, a first circulating water pump, a second circulating water pump and connecting pipelines. The thermoelectric plate heat exchanger comprises a first fluid channel, a second fluid channel, a first fluid inlet, a second fluid inlet, a first fluid outlet, a second fluid outlet, a thermoelectric module, a positive electrode and a negative electrode. One closed and independent fluid circulating system is formed by the thermoelectric plate heat exchanger, the battery pack, the kettle, the first circulating water pump and one connecting pipeline. The other closed and independent fluid circulating system is formed by the thermoelectric plate heat exchanger, the radiator, the fan, the second circulating water pump and the other connecting pipeline. The two closed and independent fluid circulating systems can circulate two kinds of fluid at different temperatures to cool or heat a power battery. The thermoelectric plate heat exchanger is adopted for heating and refrigerating the battery pack, a heating mode or a refrigeration mode can be switched only by switching the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power source of the thermoelectric plate heat exchanger, and the electric car power battery thermal management system is of a practical and reliable heat management structure.