9426 results about "Surface processing" patented technology

A low loss transmission system which utilizes a single uninsulated central conducting line segment without any special surface treatment or special enclosing dielectric and having launch devices mounted at each end. The invention provides the use of conductors with circumference approaching and exceeding one wavelength at the propagating frequency. In combination, this invention enables the use of unconditioned and uninsulated conductors and in particular, existing overhead electric power lines which are available worldwide, for the economic and efficient transport of information.

Oxygen defects formed at the boundary between the zinc oxide type oxide semiconductor and the gate insulator are terminated by a surface treatment using sulfur or selenium as an oxygen group element or a compound thereof, the oxygen group element scarcely occurring physical property value change. Sulfur or selenium atoms effectively substitute oxygen defects to prevent occurrence of electron supplemental sites by merely applying a gas phase or liquid phase treatment to an oxide semiconductor or gate insulator with no remarkable change on the manufacturing process. As a result, this can attain the suppression of the threshold potential shift and the leak current in the characteristics of a thin film transistor.

A cartridge is disclosed comprising a reel-to-reel roll of cleaning material, for use in a hand-held or robotic cleaning device. The cartridge provides either an electrostatic dust cloth or wet mop, and includes a fluid reservoir for maintaining the wet mop cloth during use. A dust bin is also provided on the cartridge, and includes a hinged lid for providing selective access to the dust inside of the bin. A motor, optical sensor, and fluid pump inside of a cleaning apparatus control the operation of the reel-to-reel cloth, and control fluid delivery to the wet cloth.

A radio frequency (RF) coaxial resonator feeding a saltshaker-like gas distributing electrode assembly forms a capacitively coupled plasma source. This apparatus can generate plasma of high density over a wide pressure range and large process window. The system may be used as a remote radical-rich plasma source for materials surface processing.

A method of recovering a first substrate, including the steps of: sticking a second substrate on a semiconductor layer epitaxially grown on the first substrate; and separating the semiconductor layer and the first substrate. Furthermore, a method of reproducing a first substrate, including the step of surface processing the first substrate separated. Furthermore, a method of reproducing a first substrate, including the step of homoepitaxially growing the first substrate surface processed. Furthermore, a method of producing a semiconductor wafer, including the step of epitaxially growing a semiconductor layer on a first substrate. Thus a group III nitride or similar, expensive substrate can be used to efficiently and economically, epitaxially grow a group III nitride or similar semiconductor layer.

The invention is directed to nanostructure surface treatments, coatings or modifications formed from nanoscale building blocks. The nanostructure surface treatments, modifications or coatings have hydrophobic, hydrophilic and surface adherence properties. The nanoscale building blocks have orientation, geometry, packing density and composition that may be adjusted to control the unique surface characteristics of the desired treatment, coating or modification. Applications of this nanostructure technology include surgical clips, staples, retractors, sutures and manipulators where an improvement in traction, retention or occlusion is desired without excessive material or tissue deformation or where high compressive forces would be undesirable, dangerous or ineffective. In one aspect, a nanostructure surface treatment for a medical device having an external surface is disclosed, wherein the treatment is applied on the external surface to provide a hydrophobic or a hydrophilic surface. With this aspect, the treatment comprises titanium dioxide and provides nanoscopic structures having nearly vertical sidewalls. The treated surface of the device has contact angles greater than or equal to 150 degrees. The vertical sidewalls provide a negative capillary effect and have a width of about 200 nm. The vertical sidewalls attach to a wet surface by the negative capillary effect. The van der Waals forces of the vertical sidewalls enable the treated surface to attach to a dry surface. The treatment may be vapor deposited and cured on the device, or the treatment may be laser blasted on the device.

A user interface on a display terminal, such as a personal computer, includes a 3D display region which shows a scene incorporating a number of objects, such as items of furniture. A surface finish selector is also displayed and is used to select a surface finish from a number of alternatives. In the case of items of furniture, these finishes may correspond to different fabrics for upholstery. A surface texture data for a selected finish is automatically downloaded from a remote source and mapped onto the object in the 3D scene. In a preferred implementation, the surface finish selector is a frame of a web page and generates control data which is passed to another frame containing the 3D scene together with movement controls for changing the viewpoint in the scene.

In an exposure apparatus, an exposure of a substrate (P) is carried out by filling at least a portion of the space between a projection optical system (PL) and the substrate (P) with a liquid (50) and projecting the image of a pattern onto the substrate (P) via the projection optical system (PL). An optical element (60) and a barrel (PK), which are in contact with the liquid (50) when the substrate (P) is moved, are surface-treated for adjusting the affinity with the liquid (50). Consequently, generation of bubbles in the liquid between the projection optical system and the substrate is suppressed and the liquid is always retained between the projection optical system and the substrate, thereby creating a good immersion state.

A method and system to form a refractory metal layer over a substrate includes introduction of a reductant, such as PH₃ or B₂H₆, followed by introduction of a tungsten containing compound, such as WF₆, to form a tungsten layer. It is believed that the reductant reduces the fluorine content of the tungsten layer while improving the step coverage and resistivity of the tungsten layer. It is believed that the improved characteristics of the tungsten film are attributable to the chemical affinity between the reductants and the tungsten containing compound. The chemical affinity provides better surface mobility of the adsorbed chemical species and better reduction of WF₆ at the nucleation stage of the tungsten layer. The method can further include sequentially introducing a reductant, such as PH₃ or B₂H₆, and a tungsten containing compound to deposit a tungsten layer. The formed tungsten layer can be used as a nucleation layer followed by bulk deposition of a tungsten layer utilizing standard CVD techniques. Alternatively, the formed tungsten layer can be used to fill an aperture.

An autonomous surface treating appliance comprising a main body defining an outer plan profile, and having a drive arrangement mounted inboard of the outer plan profile of the main body and configured to propel the appliance in a direction of movement across a surface to be cleaned, a surface treating assembly associated with the main body and carried transversely to the direction of movement, the surface treating assembly being generally elongate in form and having side edges extending substantially at a tangent to respective circular portions of the outer plan profile of the main body.

This invention provides a method for controlling production operations using fiber optic devices. An optical fiber carrying fiber-optic sensors is deployed downhole to provide information about downhole conditions. Parameters related to the chemicals being used for surface treatments are measured in real time and on-line, and these measured parameters are used to control the dosage of chemicals into the surface treatment system. The information is also used to control downhole devices that may be a packer, choke, sliding sleeve, perforating device, flow control valve, completion device, an anchor or any other device. Provision is also made for control of secondary recovery operations online using the downhole sensors to monitor the reservoir conditions. The present invention also provides a method of generating motive power in a wellbore utilizing optical energy. This can be done directly or indirectly, e.g., by first producing electrical energy that is then converted to another form of energy.

A method of depositing one or more epitaxial material layers, a device structure formed using the method and a system for performing the method are disclosed. Exemplary methods include coating a surface of a reaction chamber with a precoat material, processing a number of substrates, and then cleaning the reaction chamber.

A bistable nematic liquid crystal device cell (1) is provided with a surface alignment grating on at least one cell wall (3) and a surface treatment on the other wall (4). Such treatment may be a homeotropic alignment or a planar alignment with or without an alignment direction, and zero or a non zero pretilt. The surface profile on the monograting is asymmetric with its grove height to width selected to give approximately equal energy within nematic material (2) in its two allowed alignment arrangements. The monograting may be formed by a photolithographic process or by embossing of a plastics material. The cell (1) is switched by dc pulses coupling to a flexoelectric coefficient in the material (2), or by use of a two frequency addressing scheme and a suitable two frequency material. Polarizers (13,13') either side of the cell (1) distinguish between the two switched states. The cell walls (3,4) may be rigid or flexible, and are coated with electrode structures (6,7), e.g. in row and column format giving an x,y matrix of addressable pixels on the cell (1).

A method for making a film stack containing one or more silicon-containing layers and one or more metal-containing layers and a substrate processing system for forming the film stack on a substrate are provided. The substrate processing system includes one or more transfer chambers coupled to one or more load lock chambers and two or more different types of process chambers. The two or more types of process chambers are used to deposit the one or more silicon-containing layers and the one or more metal-containing layers in the same substrate processing system without breaking the vacuum, taking the substrate out of the substrate processing system to prevent surface contamination, oxidation, etc., such that additional cleaning or surface treatment steps can be eliminated. The substrate processing system is configured to provide high throughput and compact footprint for in-situ substrate processing and carry out different types of processes.

PCT No. PCT/JP96/00935 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 6, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 6, 1996 PCT Filed Apr. 5, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/31997 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 10, 1996In a surface treatment apparatus (30) of the face type, a porous dielectric (37) is supported by the outer periphery portion of the supporting member (45) under the bottom surface of a porous electrode (32). The dielectric can be supported by the supporting member to permit the thermal expansion deformation of the dielectric by forming an upward inclined-face (47) and a downward inclined-face (43) on the supporting member (45) and the dielectric (37), respectively. Further, a discharge gas can be supplied uniformly to a discharge region (51) through the electrode (32) and the dielectric (37), both of which are porous. Many gas exhaust ports (41), by which the flow rate of the gas can be regulated, are provided around the discharge region (51). Thus, the gas is uniformly exhausted around the discharge region (51). Especially, if the gap between the dielectric (37) and a work (39) depends on mounting accuracy or the like and varies with location, the gas can be exhausted uniformly around the discharge region (51).

A surface treatment method for use in integrated circuit fabrication includes providing a substrate assembly having a surface. A liquid is provided adjacent the surface resulting in an interface therebetween. An electrical potential difference is applied across the interface and the surface is treated as the electrical potential difference is applied across the interface. The liquid may be a planarization liquid when the treatment of the surface includes planarizing a substrate assembly or the liquid may be a coating material when the treatment of the surface includes applying a coating material on the surface.

The present invention discloses thin film photovoltaic devices comprising Group II-VI semiconductor layers with a substrate configuration having an interface layer between the absorber layer and the window layer to create improved junctions.

The present invention also discloses methods for making and surface treatments for thin film photovoltaic devices comprising Group II-VI semiconductor layers with a substrate configuration to create devices with improved junctions.

The invention provides a processing method of titanium and titanium alloy strip coils, which comprises the steps of raw material preparation, heating, rolling, annealing, shot blasting treatment, coping, pickling, cold rolling, derosination, annealing, straightening or flattening, edge scraping, and product obtaining. According to the method, existing large steel rolling equipment of various types in the steel processing industry is fully utilized, the defect that no titanium material surface processing and treatment technology exists in the steel processing industry is overcome, the advantages of the steel processing industry are combined with the uniqueness of the titanium material processing industry, and the essential leap of titanium material processing from single plate rolling to long strip rolling plus collection and coiling is completed. By using the method, goods can be delivered in a coiled state as well as a flat plate state, the titanium material processing efficiency is improved, the titanium material processing yield is increased, and conditions are created and high quality raw materials are provided for the processing of titanium welded pipes with various diametersand longer lengths, so high efficiency, energy conservation and economization of titanium material processing are realized.

The present invention relates to a fabrication method of LEDs incorporating a step of surface-treating a substrate by a laser and an LED fabricated by such a fabrication method. The present invention can use a laser in order to implement finer surface treatment to an LED substrate over the prior art. As a result, the invention can improve the light extraction efficiency of an LED while protecting the substrate from chronic problems of the prior art such as stress or defects induced from chemical etching and/or physical polishing.

Coated articles may comprise one or more coating layers, including water resistant coatings. A method comprises applying such coating layers by treating the article substrate by one or more methods selected from flame treatment, corona treatment, ionized air treatment, plasma air treatment and plasma arc treatment and dip, spray or flow coating. Additionally, a method comprises injection molding a first substrate material to form an article, treating the article surface by one or more methods selected from flame treatment, corona treatment, ionized air treatment, plasma air treatment and plasma arc treatment, and overmolding the article substrate with one or more barrier materials.