Antenna and intelligent terminal

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna and an intelligent terminal, and the antenna comprises a metal decoration part, the metal decoration part is provided with a feed point and at least two first holes which are distributed at intervals, the at least two first holes are symmetrically distributed at the two sides of a center line of symmetry with the center line of symmetry as the axis of symmetry, and the feed point is located on the center line of symmetry. According to the antenna and the intelligent terminal provided by the invention, the technical problem that a circularly polarized GPS antenna is difficult to apply in a limited space of the intelligent terminal is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna and a smart terminal. Background Art

[0002] With the development of smart terminals and satellite communication technology, the demand for high-precision positioning antennas has increased.

[0003] At present, the satellite navigation system (GPS) antenna commonly used in smart terminals such as mobile phones is a linearly polarized antenna. The difference in polarization naturally causes half of the energy loss. Compared with linear polarization, the circularly polarized antenna wave rotates when it is incident on a symmetrical target. Therefore, it can suppress rain and fog interference and resist multipath reflection when applied to GPS antennas, and has a more accurate positioning effect. However, due to the increasing diversity of functions and complex internal structures of smart terminal products such as mobile phones, the space left for installing antennas has been greatly reduced, which has brought challenges to the application of GPS antennas to smart terminals.

[0004] Therefore, how to apply circularly polarized GPS antennas in the limited space of smart terminals is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] The preceding description is intended to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides an antenna and a smart terminal to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to apply a circularly polarized GPS antenna in the limited space of a smart terminal.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an antenna, comprising: a metal decorative part, the metal decorative part is provided with a feed point, at least two first holes distributed at intervals, at least two of the first holes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line with a symmetry center line as a symmetry axis, and the feed point is located on the symmetry center line. The first hole is used to generate current disturbances on the surface of the metal decorative part to stimulate the generation of two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations and equal amplitudes, thereby forming conditional circularly polarized wave radiation suitable for satellite signals.

[0008] The utility model provides an antenna, which is based on a metal decorative part to set two first holes distributed at intervals, thereby changing the current path on the surface of the antenna. When the antenna is working, the generated current can flow along the edge of the first hole, and a degenerate mode working mode with a phase difference of 90° between two orthogonal polarizations is formed by a degenerate separation element, thereby realizing circular polarization of the antenna.

[0009] Optionally, along the extension direction of the symmetry center line, the first side edge of the metal decorative member and the first hole are respectively located on two opposite sides of the feeding point;

[0010] There is a first distance L between the feed point and the first side edge of the metal decorative part, so that the current amplitudes of the two degenerate modes generated by the antenna excitation are consistent.

[0011] Optionally, the metal decorative part is further provided with at least two second holes distributed at intervals, and the at least two second holes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line, and the second holes are arranged at intervals with the first holes.

[0012] Optionally, the metal decorative piece is in the shape of a circular sheet or a rectangular sheet; and / or,

[0013] The first hole is circular, the second hole is circular, and a radius R1 of the first hole and a radius R2 of the second hole satisfy: R2<R1.

[0014] Optionally, the electrical size of the antenna is 1 / 4 times the working wavelength of the antenna; and / or,

[0015] When at least two of the first holes are within a circular area with a diameter of 50 mm, the radius R1 of the first hole satisfies 8 mm≤R1≤10 mm, and the first distance L satisfies 16 mm≤L≤18 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the metal decorative part is a metal back shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker, or a smart door lock shell.

[0017] The utility model also provides an antenna, comprising: a metal decorative part, on which a first hole, a feed point and a ground short-circuit column are arranged, and the feed point and the ground short-circuit column are arranged at intervals on the same side of the first hole. The first hole is used to generate a current disturbance on the surface of the metal decorative part to stimulate the generation of two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarization and equal amplitude, thereby forming conditional circular polarization wave radiation suitable for satellite signals.

[0018] The utility model provides an antenna, which changes the current path on the antenna surface through a first hole, and the grounding short-circuit column is used for grounding connection. When the antenna is working, the connecting straight line connecting the two grounding short-circuit columns is used as the symmetry center line, so that the first hole mirror image is symmetrical with the symmetry center line as the symmetry axis, thereby exciting two degenerate mode working modes with equal amplitudes and orthogonal polarizations.

[0019] Optionally, there are at least two grounding short-circuit posts, the grounding short-circuit posts are arranged at intervals along the same straight line, and each of the grounding short-circuit posts is located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part; and / or,

[0020] The metal decorative part is further provided with a second hole, and the second hole is arranged at an interval with the first hole.

[0021] Optionally, the metal decorative part is a metal back shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker, or a smart door lock shell.

[0022] The utility model also provides an intelligent terminal, including a terminal body and the above-mentioned antenna, the terminal body including a rear shell and a circuit board, a receiving cavity is formed in the rear shell, the circuit board is arranged in the receiving cavity, the metal decorative part of the antenna is arranged on the outer wall surface of the rear shell, and the feeding point of the antenna is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0023] The utility model provides an antenna and intelligent terminal, which are based on the microstrip antenna cavity mode, degenerate mode perturbation design, and through appropriate feeding design and opening design, a metal decorative part is connected to a part of the structure of the terminal body to form a microstrip circularly polarized antenna. The feeding is simple, not limited to size and frequency band, and is well in line with the future development trend of satellite communications.

[0024] The utility model provides an intelligent terminal, which adds a new antenna scheme in the space outside the traditional antenna layout scheme, does not conflict with the traditional antenna scheme, directly improves the metal decorative parts by designing the feeding, opening the first hole, etc., and forms a suitable current distribution on the metal decorative parts according to the cavity model theory and the degenerate mode analysis principle to realize the circularly polarized antenna without excessive cost increase.

[0025] The utility model provides an intelligent terminal, which realizes right-hand circular polarization under the premise that the antenna efficiency is not inferior to that of the traditional linear polarization GPS, which is beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy, and the anti-interference ability of the circular polarization GPS antenna is better than that of the linear polarization GPS.

[0026] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present application, the technical features that constitute the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical problems that can be solved by an antenna and a smart terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a smart terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the smart terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application at a feed point position;

[0034] Figure 7 A directional diagram of a current component in a vertical plane direction separated from an antenna current provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 A directional diagram of a current component in a horizontal plane direction separated from an antenna current provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 9 The reflection coefficient DB and frequency curve within the GPS L1 frequency band of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.10 The directional diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontal plane direction;

[0038] Fig.11 The directional diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the vertical direction;

[0039] Fig.12 The AR curve of the polarization axis ratio at each radiation angle of the antenna provided in this embodiment;

[0040] Fig.13 Another AR curve of the polarization axis ratio of the antenna radiation at each angle provided in this embodiment;

[0041] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the mobile terminal provided in this embodiment.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 10-metal decorative part; 11-first hole; 12-second hole; 13-feeding point; 14-ground short-circuit column;

[0044] 20-terminal body; 21-rear shell; 211-accommodating cavity; 22-circuit board; 23-conductive member; 24-screen; 25-frame;

[0045] 500-intelligent terminal; 501-radio unit; 502-WiFi module; 503-audio output unit; 504-A / V input unit; 5041-graphics processor; 5042-microphone; 505-sensor; 506-display unit; 5061-display panel; 507-user input unit; 5071-touch panel; 5072-other input devices; 508-interface unit; 509-memory; 510-processor; 511-power supply.

[0046] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The above-mentioned drawings have shown clear embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of this application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, components, features, and elements with the same name in different embodiments of the present application may have the same meaning or different meanings, and their specific meanings need to be determined by their explanation in the specific embodiment or further combined with the context of the specific embodiment.

[0049] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this article, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination". Furthermore, as used in this article, the singular forms "one", "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an opposite indication in the context. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising", "including" indicate the presence of the above-mentioned features, steps, operations, elements, components, projects, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, projects, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or", "and / or", "including at least one of the following" etc. used in this application may be interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. For example, “comprising at least one of the following: A, B, C” means “any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A and B and C”, and for another example, “A, B or C” or “A, B and / or C” means “any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A and B and C”. An exception to this definition will only occur when a combination of elements, functions, steps or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some manner.

[0050] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowchart in the embodiment of the present application are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and it can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the figure may include a plurality of sub-steps or a plurality of stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0051] As used herein, the words "if" and "if" may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

[0052] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0053] In the subsequent description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present application, and have no specific meanings. Therefore, "module", "component" or "unit" can be used in a mixed manner.

[0054] The intelligent terminal may be implemented in various forms. For example, the intelligent terminal described in the present application may include intelligent terminals such as mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, portable media players (PMPs), navigation devices, wearable devices, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc., as well as fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers.

[0055] The following description will be made by taking a mobile terminal as an example, and those skilled in the art will understand that, in addition to components specifically used for mobile purposes, the construction according to the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to fixed-type terminals.

[0056] The Satellite Navigation System (GPS) is a system that receives satellite signals for positioning or navigation, and antennas are required to receive signals. GPS satellite signals are divided into L1 and L2, with frequencies of 1575.42 MHZ and 1228 MHZ respectively. L1 is an open civilian signal with circular polarization.

[0057] At present, there are generally two ways to implement satellite navigation system (GPS) antennas for smart terminals such as mobile phones: the first is to use flexible printed circuit (FPC) or laser direct structuring (LDS) and other processes to stick or manufacture the antenna on the bracket, middle shell or back shell of the mobile phone; the second is to use the in-mold nano injection molding (MDA) process to achieve an integrated design of the antenna and the metal frame, and to realize antennas of various standards through metal frame partitions or gaps.

[0058] In the current flexible circuit boards, in-mold nano-injection molding and other solutions, the antennas are located around the screens of smart terminals and are directly fed by springs on the printed circuit boards (PCBs) inside the smart terminals. Considering the increasing demand for the number of antennas in future communications and the limited size of smart terminals, the space available for antenna placement in smart terminals is difficult to meet the antenna layout requirements. How to ensure antenna performance and increase the number of antennas in a small clearance has become a major problem faced by mobile terminal antenna design.

[0059] At present, the polarization direction of GPS antennas in smart terminals such as mobile phones is generally linear polarization. The linear polarization GPS antennas in mobile phones are mainly inverted-F antennas (IFA) and loop antennas (LOOP), which are simple to implement. The signals sent by GPS satellites, such as L1 and other frequency bands, use right-hand circular polarization, or RHCP. Compared with linear polarization, circularly polarized waves rotate when incident on symmetrical targets. Therefore, they can be applied to GPS to suppress rain and fog interference and resist multipath reflection.

[0060] In view of this, the utility model provides an antenna, the basic structure of which is similar to that of a microstrip antenna. By using the metal decorative part 10 existing in smart terminals such as mobile phones to process into an antenna, the increase in cost and the increase in occupied space are controlled. Without changing the appearance of the metal decorative part 10, the metal decorative part 10 is improved by performing feeding design, opening the first hole 11, etc., and according to the cavity model theory and the principle of degenerate mode analysis, a suitable current distribution is formed on the metal decorative part 10 to realize a circularly polarized antenna. Then, through miniaturization technologies such as the mirror principle, meander line, capacitive / inductive loading, etc., the antenna is made to work in the GPS frequency band.

[0061] An antenna and a smart terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] First embodiment

[0063] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides an antenna, including: a metal decorative part 10, the metal decorative part 10 is provided with a feed point 13, at least two first holes 11 distributed at intervals, at least two first holes 11 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line with the symmetry center line as the symmetry axis, and the feed point 13 is located on the symmetry center line. The first hole 11 is used to generate current disturbance on the surface of the metal decorative part 10 to stimulate the generation of two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarization and equal amplitude, thereby forming conditional circular polarization wave radiation suitable for satellite signals.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the symmetry center line is shown by the dotted line in the reference figure, and the symmetry center line and the straight line connecting the center points of the two first holes 11 are perpendicular to each other.

[0065] The utility model provides an antenna, which is based on a metal decorative part 10 and sets two first holes 11 distributed at intervals, thereby changing the current path on the surface of the antenna. When the antenna is working, the generated current can flow along the edge of the first hole 11, and a degenerate mode separation element is used to form two orthogonal polarization degenerate mode working modes with a phase difference of 90°, thereby realizing circular polarization of the antenna without the need for an external complex phase shift network.

[0066] Circularly polarized antennas can receive electromagnetic waves of any polarization form, and the circularly polarized waves radiated by them can also be received by antennas of any polarization. The circularly polarized waves rotate when they are incident on a symmetrical target. Therefore, they can be applied to GPS to suppress rain and fog interference and resist multipath reflection, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0067] The metal decorative part 10 is made of metal material, and the antenna is also made of metal, such as aluminum, copper, etc. The utility model provides an antenna, which is designed as a circularly polarized GPS antenna based on the metal decorative part 10, which can effectively solve the problem of insufficient antenna quantity and performance caused by insufficient space structure of smart terminals such as mobile phones.

[0068] The utility model provides an antenna, a circularly polarized GPS antenna designed based on a metal decorative part 10, with low manufacturing cost. The two first holes 11 can be used to install components such as camera lenses, and there are no strict requirements on the size, shape and material of the metal decorative part 10. The design is flexible and the feasibility is high.

[0069] The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna, the grounding point of which can be any position of the metal decorative part 10 , and the position of the grounding point is preferably close to the feeding point 13 .

[0070] In one possible implementation, along the extension direction of the symmetry center line, the first side edge of the metal decorative part 10 and the first hole 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the feeding point 13; there is a first spacing L between the feeding point 13 and the first side edge of the metal decorative part 10 so that the current amplitudes of the two degenerate modes generated by the antenna excitation are consistent.

[0071] By controlling the feed point 13 to be located on the symmetrical midline and controlling the first spacing L, the amplitudes of the two orthogonal currents excited by the antenna can be made similar, without the need for a complex power divider, to form an orthogonal current distribution with equal amplitude and phase, thereby realizing circular polarization of the antenna.

[0072] In one possible implementation, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the metal decorative part 10 is further provided with at least two second holes 12 distributed at intervals, and the at least two second holes 12 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line, and the second holes 12 are arranged at intervals from the first holes 11 .

[0073] The two second holes 12 can be used to install components such as lights or light sensors respectively, without affecting the original functions of the metal decorative part 10 .

[0074] In one possible implementation, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the metal decorative part 10 is in the shape of a circular sheet or a rectangular sheet; the first hole 11 is circular, the second hole 12 is circular, and the radius R1 of the first hole 11 and the radius R2 of the second hole 12 satisfy: R2<R1.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the electrical size of the antenna is 1 / 4 times the antenna's operating wavelength, and the antenna's operating band is the GPS band, so the electrical size is 1 / 4 times the GPS band's wavelength, and the shape of the antenna can be adjusted according to the terminal device ID requirements.

[0076] When at least two first holes 11 are within a circular region with a diameter of 50 mm, a radius R1 of the first hole 11 satisfies 8 mm≤R1≤10 mm, and a first spacing L satisfies 16 mm≤L≤18 mm.

[0077] In one possible implementation, for example, the metal decorative part 10 is in the shape of a circle with a diameter less than or equal to 50 mm, or a rectangle with a side length less than or equal to 50 mm, the radius R1 of the first hole 11 can be 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm, the vertical distance between the center of the first hole 11 and the symmetry center line is 5 mm, the radius R2 of the second hole 12 can be 3 mm, and the first spacing L can be 17 mm. This feeding position makes the amplitudes of the two orthogonal currents similar, and there is no need for an additional complex power divider.

[0078] Of course, in other possible implementations, when the two first holes 11 are within a circular region with a diameter greater than 50 mm, the radius R1 of the first holes 11 and the first distance L need to be increased accordingly.

[0079] In other possible implementations, the first hole 11 may of course also be a polygonal hole.

[0080] In other possible implementations, the second holes 12 may also be polygonal holes, the number of the second holes 12 may be 2, 4, etc., and the second holes 12 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line.

[0081] In a possible implementation, the metal decorative piece 10 is a metal back shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker, or a shell of a smart door lock. The metal decorative piece 10 is in the form of a thin sheet.

[0082] When the metal decorative part 10 is a metal shell of a speaker, the metal decorative part 10 can be used as a decorative plate on the sound outlet side of the speaker, and the first hole 11 can be used to install a speaker. When the metal decorative part 10 is a smart door lock shell, the first hole 11 can be used to install a door handle.

[0083] Second embodiment

[0084] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the utility model also provides an antenna, including: a metal decorative part 10, on which a first hole 11, a feed point 13 and a ground short-circuit post 14 are arranged, and the feed point 13 and the ground short-circuit post 14 are arranged at intervals on the same side of the first hole 11. The first hole 11 is used to generate current disturbance on the surface of the metal decorative part 10 to stimulate the generation of two degenerate modes with orthogonal polarizations and equal amplitudes, thereby forming conditional circularly polarized wave radiation suitable for satellite signals.

[0085] The utility model provides an antenna, which changes the current path on the antenna surface through a first hole 11, and a grounding short-circuit column 14 is used for grounding connection. When the antenna is working, the connecting straight line connecting the two grounding short-circuit columns 14 is used as the symmetry center line, so that the first hole 11 is mirrored with the symmetry center line as the symmetry axis to be symmetrical, thereby exciting two degenerate mode working modes with equal amplitude and orthogonal polarization.

[0086] An antenna provided in an embodiment of the utility model can maintain good performance compared to the antenna provided in the first embodiment, and the size of the metal decorative part 10 is smaller, and the volume of the metal decorative part 10 is reduced by half, which is conducive to saving the space occupied by the antenna.

[0087] However, due to the influence of the ground short-circuit post 14, the antenna's directional pattern will have certain differences. The position of the ground short-circuit post 14 is not limited to Figure 4 As shown, the ground short-circuit post 14 is arranged at the lower edge of the metal decorative part 10, and can be adjusted appropriately according to the needs, such as being arranged at the left edge, right edge or upper edge of the metal decorative part 10. The closer the distance to the feeding point 13, the higher the operating frequency of the ground short-circuit post 14, and the farther the distance to the feeding point 13, the lower the operating frequency of the ground short-circuit post 14.

[0088] In one possible implementation, there are at least two grounding short-circuit columns 14, the grounding short-circuit columns 14 are arranged at intervals along the same straight line, and each grounding short-circuit column 14 is located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part 10. For example, there are two grounding short-circuit columns 14, the two grounding short-circuit columns 14 are located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part 10, and are arranged at intervals along the same straight line.

[0089] In a possible implementation, there are multiple grounding short-circuit posts 14, and the multiple grounding short-circuit posts 14 are arranged at intervals along the same straight line, and the grounding short-circuit posts 14 are located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part 10. For example, the number of grounding short-circuit posts 14 can be 3, 4, or 5, and all of the grounding short-circuit posts 14 are located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part 10, and are arranged at intervals along the same straight line.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the metal decorative part 10 is rectangular, the ground short-circuit column 14 and the feed point 13 are both located at the left edge of the metal decorative part 10, and the ground short-circuit column 14 can be arranged on both sides of the feed point 13, or can be arranged on the same side of the feed point 13, as long as the first spacing L is ensured. Of course, the ground short-circuit column 14 and the feed point 13 can also be located at the upper edge or the lower edge of the right edge of the metal decorative part 10, which is not specifically limited here.

[0091] In an antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model, the metal decorative piece 10 is further provided with a second hole 12 , and the second hole 12 is arranged at an interval with the first hole 11 .

[0092] In a possible implementation, the arrangement direction of the two ground short-circuit posts 14 is defined as a first direction, and the arrangement direction of the second hole 12 and the first hole 11 may be parallel to the first direction, or may have an angle with the first direction, and the angle may be less than 90°. The arrangement direction of the second hole 12 and the first hole 11 is the extension direction of the straight line connecting the center point of the second hole 12 and the center point of the first hole 11.

[0093] In other possible implementations, the first hole 11 may of course also be a polygonal hole.

[0094] In other possible implementations, the second hole 12 may also be a polygonal hole.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the metal decorative piece 10 is a metal back shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker, or a shell of a smart door lock. The metal decorative piece 10 is in the form of a thin sheet.

[0096] When the metal decorative part 10 is a metal shell of a speaker, the metal decorative part 10 can be used as a decorative plate on the sound outlet side of the speaker, and the first hole 11 can be used to install a speaker. When the metal decorative part 10 is a smart door lock shell, the first hole 11 can be used to install a door handle.

[0097] Third embodiment

[0098] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the utility model also provides an intelligent terminal, including a terminal body and the above-mentioned antenna.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the terminal body includes a rear shell 21 and a circuit board 22, a receiving cavity 211 is formed in the rear shell 21, the circuit board 22 is arranged in the receiving cavity 211, the metal decorative part 10 of the antenna is arranged on the outer wall surface of the rear shell 21, and the feeding point 13 of the antenna is electrically connected to the circuit board 22.

[0100] In a possible implementation, the feed point 13 of the antenna may be electrically connected to the circuit board 22 via a conductive member 23. The conductive member 23 may be a metal spring, and the feed point 13 converts the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna into a radio frequency signal, which is then transmitted to the circuit board 22 for processing, so that the metal decorative member 10 radiates an electromagnetic field outward.

[0101] The terminal body further includes a screen 24 and a frame 25 . The frame 25 is connected to the edge of the rear shell 21 , and the screen 24 is connected to one end of the frame 25 opposite to the rear shell 21 .

[0102] The screen 24 may be, for example, a flexible screen, i.e., a flexible display screen, for displaying images. Exemplarily, the flexible screen may be an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light emitting diode (MIL-Emitting Diode) display screen, a micro organic light emitting diode (MIL-Emitting Diode) display screen, a micro organic light emitting diode (MIL-Emitting Diode) display screen, or a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen.

[0103] The utility model provides a smart terminal, in which the metal decorative part 10 is designed as a circularly polarized GPS antenna. The metal decorative part 10 is located at the back of the smart terminal and is relatively high, so it is less affected by the screen 24, which is in line with the development trend of smart terminals such as mobile phones to achieve full screens. In addition, the antenna is high, which also has certain advantages in terms of efficiency.

[0104] Since the number of metal components in the projection area between the antenna and the ground increases, the optimization of antenna performance mainly depends on the influence of the circuit board 22 and surrounding metal components on the antenna, thereby reducing interference and improving efficiency.

[0105] The utility model provides an antenna and intelligent terminal, which are based on the microstrip antenna cavity mode, degenerate mode perturbation design, and through appropriate feeding design and opening design, the metal decorative part 10 is connected to part of the structure of the terminal body to form a microstrip circularly polarized antenna. The feeding is simple, not limited to size and frequency band, and is well in line with the future development trend of satellite communications.

[0106] The utility model provides an intelligent terminal, which adds a new antenna scheme in the space outside the traditional antenna layout scheme, does not conflict with the traditional antenna scheme, and directly improves the metal decorative part 10 by feeding design, opening the first hole 11, etc., and according to the cavity model theory and the degenerate mode analysis principle, forms a suitable current distribution on the metal decorative part 10 to realize the circularly polarized antenna without excessive cost increase.

[0107] The utility model provides an intelligent terminal, which realizes right-hand circular polarization under the premise that the antenna efficiency is not inferior to that of the traditional linear polarization GPS, which is beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy, and the anti-interference ability of the circular polarization GPS antenna is better than that of the linear polarization GPS.

[0108] In order to verify that the antenna provided by the utility model realizes a circularly polarized GPS antenna, the first hole 11 is a circular hole, the second hole 12 is a circular hole, the radius of the first hole 11 is R1=9mm, the radius of the second hole 12 is R2=3mm, and the first spacing L=17mm. Use a refined whole machine model to perform full-wave antenna simulation to simulate the performance of the physical antenna: import a fully assembled physical model, set the electromagnetic characteristic parameters extracted from the physical material, and use a high-speed computing workstation to perform full-wave simulation calculations.

[0109] Figure 7 The directional diagram of the current component in the vertical direction separated from the antenna current provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 The directional diagram of the current component in the horizontal plane direction separated by the antenna current provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The directional diagram of the two orthogonal current components separated by the antenna current provided in this embodiment, Figure 7 and Figure 8 The phase difference is 90°, and the dotted arrow indicates the direction of the electric field vector, which points from the location of maximum current to the location of minimum current. The two current components are approximately equal in amplitude and phase, meeting the design requirements of the right-hand circularly polarized antenna.

[0110] refer to Fig. 9 The figure shows the reflection coefficient DB and frequency curve in the GPS L1 frequency band of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, wherein the horizontal axis is the frequency in GHZ and the vertical axis is the reflection coefficient in dB. Fig. 9It can be seen that the depth of the working frequency band of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model is about -21dB, which is less than -5dB, indicating that the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model is a circularly polarized GPS antenna with sufficient bandwidth and good circular polarization degree.

[0111] Fig.10 The directional diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the horizontal plane direction; Fig.11 The directional diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application in the vertical direction. Fig.10 and Fig.11 It can be seen that in the two directions of orthogonal polarization, the antenna radiates directional radiation with a wide radiation angle, approximately covering half space. The GPS L1 frequency band efficiency of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model is about -3dB.

[0112] refer to Fig.12 and Fig.13 The AR curve of the polarization axis ratio of the antenna radiated at each angle provided by this embodiment, the horizontal axis represents the angle, the vertical axis represents the reflection coefficient, and the unit is dB. This figure contains two curves, which respectively indicate that the angle of AR<3 of the antenna of this embodiment on these two planes is greater than 60°, indicating that the antenna provided by this embodiment achieves good wide-angle circular polarization performance.

[0113] The following description will be made by taking a mobile terminal as an example, and those skilled in the art will understand that, in addition to components specifically used for mobile purposes, the construction according to the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to fixed-type terminals.

[0114] Please refer to Fig.14 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a mobile terminal for implementing various embodiments of the present application. The mobile terminal 500 may include: an RF (Radio Frequency) unit 501, a WiFi module 502, an audio output unit 503, an A / V (audio / video) input unit 504, a sensor 505, a display unit 506, a user input unit 507, an interface unit 508, a memory 509, a processor 510, and a power supply 511. Those skilled in the art can understand that Fig.14 The structure of the mobile terminal shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0115] Combine the following Fig.14 The following is a detailed introduction to the various components of the mobile terminal:

[0116] The radio frequency unit 501 can be used to receive and send signals during information transmission or communication. Optionally, after receiving the downlink information of the base station, it is sent to the processor 510 for processing; in addition, the uplink data is sent to the base station. Generally, the radio frequency unit 501 includes but is not limited to an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc. In addition, the radio frequency unit 501 can also communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication. The above-mentioned wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to GSM (Global System of Mobile Communications), GPRS (Generic Packet Radio Service), CDMA2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access), FDD-LTE (Frequency Division Duplex-Long Term Evolution), TDD-LTE (Time Division Duplex Long Term Evolution), and the like. ion, time-division duplex long-term evolution) and 5G, etc.

[0117] WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology. The mobile terminal can help users send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media through the WiFi module 502. It provides users with wireless broadband Internet access. Fig.14 A WiFi module 502 is shown, but it is understandable that it is not an essential component of the mobile terminal and can be omitted as needed without changing the essence of the application.

[0118] The audio output unit 503 can convert the audio data received by the RF unit 501 or the WiFi module 502 or stored in the memory 509 into an audio signal and output it as sound when the mobile terminal 500 is in a call signal reception mode, a talk mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, etc. Moreover, the audio output unit 503 can also provide audio output related to a specific function performed by the mobile terminal 500 (for example, a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.). The audio output unit 503 may include a speaker, a buzzer, etc.

[0119] The A / V input unit 504 is used to receive audio or video signals. The A / V input unit 504 may include a graphics processor (GPU) 5041 and a microphone 5042, and the graphics processor 5041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The processed image frame can be displayed on the display unit 506. The image frame processed by the graphics processor 5041 can be stored in the memory 509 (or other storage medium) or sent via the radio frequency unit 501 or the WiFi module 502. The microphone 5042 can receive sound (audio data) via the microphone 5042 in a telephone call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, and other operating modes, and can process such sound into audio data. The processed audio (voice) data can be converted into a format output that can be sent to a mobile communication base station via the radio frequency unit 501 in the case of a telephone call mode. The microphone 5042 can implement various types of noise elimination (or suppression) algorithms to eliminate (or suppress) noise or interference generated in the process of receiving and sending audio signals.

[0120] The mobile terminal 500 also includes at least one sensor 505, such as a light sensor, a motion sensor, and other sensors. Optionally, the light sensor includes an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor. Optionally, the ambient light sensor can adjust the brightness of the display panel 5061 according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor can turn off the display panel 5061 and / or the backlight when the mobile terminal 500 is moved to the ear. As a type of motion sensor, the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in all directions (generally three axes), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary. It can be used for applications that identify the posture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.; as for other sensors that can also be configured on the mobile phone, such as fingerprint sensors, pressure sensors, iris sensors, molecular sensors, gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors, etc., they will not be repeated here.

[0121] The display unit 506 is used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user. The display unit 506 may include a display panel 5061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like.

[0122] The user input unit 507 can be used to receive input digital or character information, and to generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the mobile terminal. Optionally, the user input unit 507 may include a touch panel 5071 and other input devices 5072. The touch panel 5071, also known as a touch screen, can collect the user's touch operation on or near it (such as the user's operation on the touch panel 5071 or near the touch panel 5071 using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger, stylus, etc.), and drive the corresponding connection device according to a pre-set program. The touch panel 5071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Optionally, the touch detection device detects the user's touch orientation, detects the signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts it into the touch point coordinates, and then sends it to the processor 510, and can receive and execute the command sent by the processor 510. In addition, the touch panel 5071 can be implemented in various types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves. In addition to the touch panel 5071, the user input unit 507 may also include other input devices 5072. Optionally, the other input devices 5072 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, a function key (such as a volume control key, a switch key, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0123] Optionally, the touch panel 5071 may cover the display panel 5061. When the touch panel 5071 detects a touch operation on or near it, it transmits the information to the processor 510 to determine the type of the touch event. Then, the processor 510 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 5061 according to the type of the touch event. Fig.14 In the figure, the touch panel 5071 and the display panel 5061 are used as two independent components to realize the input and output functions of the mobile terminal. However, in some embodiments, the touch panel 5071 and the display panel 5061 can be integrated to realize the input and output functions of the mobile terminal, which is not limited here.

[0124] The interface unit 508 serves as an interface through which at least one external device can be connected to the mobile terminal 500. For example, the external device may include a wired or wireless headset port, an external power supply (or battery charger) port, a wired or wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device with an identification module, an audio input / output (I / O) port, a video I / O port, a headphone port, etc. The interface unit 508 may be used to receive input (e.g., data information, power, etc.) from an external device and transmit the received input to one or at least one element within the mobile terminal 500 or may be used to transmit data between the mobile terminal 500 and an external device.

[0125] The memory 509 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 509 can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. Optionally, the program storage area can store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 509 can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0126] The processor 510 is the control center of the mobile terminal. It uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire mobile terminal. It executes various functions of the mobile terminal and processes data by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 509, and calling data stored in the memory 509, so as to monitor the mobile terminal as a whole. The processor 510 may include one or at least one processing unit; preferably, the processor 510 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. Optionally, the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communications. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 510.

[0127] The mobile terminal 500 may also include a power supply 511 (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. Preferably, the power supply 511 may be logically connected to the processor 510 via a power management system, thereby implementing functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system.

[0128] although Fig.14 Not shown, the mobile terminal 500 may also include a Bluetooth module, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0129] The various technical features of the technical solution of the present application can be arbitrarily combined. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of the present application.

[0130] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A metal decorative piece (10), the metal decorative piece (10) being provided with a feeding point (13), at least two first holes (11) distributed at intervals, at least two of the first holes (11) being symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line with a symmetry center line as a symmetry axis, and the feeding point (13) being located on the symmetry center line.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the extension direction of the symmetry center line, the first side edge of the metal decorative piece (10) and the first hole (11) are respectively located on two opposite sides of the feeding point (13); There is a first distance L between the feed point (13) and the first side edge of the metal decorative part (10), so that the current amplitudes of the two degenerate modes generated by the antenna excitation are consistent.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal decorative part (10) is further provided with at least two second holes (12) distributed at intervals, the at least two second holes (12) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the symmetry center line, and the second holes (12) are arranged at intervals from the first holes (11).

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal decorative piece (10) is in the shape of a circular sheet or a rectangular sheet; and / or, The first hole (11) is circular, the second hole (12) is circular, and the radius R1 of the first hole (11) and the radius R2 of the second hole (12) satisfy: R2<R1.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrical size of the antenna is 1 / 4 times the antenna operating wavelength; and / or, When at least two of the first holes (11) are within a circular area with a diameter of 50 mm, the radius R1 of the first hole (11) satisfies 8 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 10 mm, and the first spacing L satisfies 16 mm ≤ L ≤ 18 mm.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The metal decorative part (10) is a metal rear shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker or a shell of a smart door lock.

7. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A metal decorative piece (10), wherein the metal decorative piece (10) is provided with a first hole (11), a feeding point (13) and a grounding short-circuit column (14), wherein the feeding point (13) and the grounding short-circuit column (14) are arranged at intervals on the same side of the first hole (11).

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are at least two grounding short-circuit posts (14), the grounding short-circuit posts (14) are arranged at intervals along the same straight line, and each of the grounding short-circuit posts (14) is located on the same side edge of the metal decorative part (10); and / or, The metal decorative piece (10) is further provided with a second hole (12), and the second hole (12) is arranged at an interval with the first hole (11).

9. The antenna according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The metal decorative part (10) is a metal rear shell of a camera, a metal shell of a speaker or a shell of a smart door lock.

10. An intelligent terminal, characterized in that: The invention comprises a terminal body and an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the terminal body comprises a rear shell (21) and a circuit board (22), a receiving cavity (211) is formed in the rear shell (21), the circuit board (22) is arranged in the receiving cavity (211), the metal decorative part (10) of the antenna is arranged on the outer wall surface of the rear shell (21), and the feeding point (13) of the antenna is electrically connected to the circuit board (22).

Images