Negative-pressure seed-taking high-speed precision seeding device and seeding machine comprising same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a negative pressure seed taking high-speed precision seeding device and a seeder comprising the same, the negative pressure seed taking high-speed precision seeding device comprises a chain wheel mechanism and a negative pressure seed taking mechanism, the chain wheel mechanism is composed of an annular transmission chain (8) and a chain wheel (10), and the negative pressure seed taking mechanism comprises a seed chamber (6), a central shaft (4) and a seed taking disc (1). Seed suction holes (5) are formed in the periphery of the outer edge wall of the cylindrical barrel-shaped body of the seed taking disc (1), an air cut-off mechanism and a supporting frame are arranged in the seed chamber (6), and the air cut-off mechanism is at least one of a roller (2) or a shielding block (3). Compared with the prior art, high-speed precision seeding or seeding can be realized, miss-seeding caused by inaccurate alignment can be avoided, the seeding or seeding speed is high, and the seeding or seeding precision and quality can be ensured at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a sowing or seeding device and a sowing machine formed thereby, in particular to a negative pressure seed taking high speed precision sowing device and a sowing machine formed thereby. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of crop planting technology, precision sowing and precision spot sowing technologies have been applied and promoted. However, current sowing machinery, especially precision sowing or seeding machinery, generally adopts low-speed sowing, which affects the operation efficiency due to the low sowing speed.

[0003] For example, the current perforating devices on the film in the process of crop sowing are all roller-type or four-bar mechanism perforating and sowing. Since the contact time between the seed placement part and the ground is extremely short, it is difficult for the seeds to effectively fall into the seed holes, resulting in the inability to effectively increase the operating speed of the machine.

[0004] When the operating speed is increased, the seed-placement mechanism operates the seeds for too short a time during seed placement, causing the seeds to jump and move out of position when falling, resulting in reduced seed position accuracy. In particular, during the sowing operation by punching holes on the membrane, the seeds cannot fall into the holes in time, leading to problems such as low speed and low efficiency. In severe cases, the seeds may fall on or outside the membrane, resulting in missed seeds and affecting the sowing quality.

[0005] Publication No. CN2287774Y discloses a seeder capable of precisely sowing irregular seeds. The sowing speed is increased by using different components for hole drilling and spot sowing. However, it is difficult to achieve a high degree of synchronization in practice, especially the sowing mechanism is prone to displacement, causing the seeds to be accurately placed in the holes, resulting in sowing failure.

[0006] CN203340570U discloses a mechanical cotton seeder that can shorten the sowing distance and realize high-density and fast sowing through double sowing devices. However, there are also synchronization and alignment problems.

[0007] CN112005670A discloses a high-speed sowing or seeding method and a device and a seeding machine used therein, wherein a seeding mechanism is arranged on a sprocket mechanism, a horizontal section is arranged at the lower part of the sprocket mechanism, and a plurality of seeding mechanisms are arranged on the horizontal section, and the plurality of seeding mechanisms simultaneously or sequentially perform seeding during movement, prolonging the contact time between a single seeding mechanism and the ground, and achieving coordination of seeding and sowing speed and quality. However, the seed chamber of the device is arranged on the end sprocket of the annular transmission chain, and the sprocket undertakes the dual tasks of the sprocket and the seed wheel, resulting in extremely high requirements on the complexity and precision of the sprocket structure, thereby greatly increasing the cost and manufacturing requirements, and the failure rate remains high.

[0008] The crawler-type high-speed sowing or seeding device disclosed in CN215872639U and CN212232108U and the sowing machine formed thereby can realize high-speed seeding or sowing and ensure the quality of seeding or sowing, but the seeding accuracy cannot be guaranteed.

[0009] Therefore, a negative pressure high-speed precision seeding device which can realize high-speed and accurate seeding and ensure the accuracy of seed quantity and a seeding machine composed of the device came into being. Summary of the invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a sowing or seeding device and a seeder constituted by the sowing or seeding device which can realize high-speed and accurate sowing and ensure the precision requirement of the sowing quantity, in particular, a negative pressure seeding high-speed and precise sowing device and a seeder constituted by the sowing or seeding device.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: comprising a sprocket mechanism composed of an annular transmission chain (8) and a sprocket (10), wherein a sowing nozzle (9) is arranged on the transmission chain (8) of the sprocket mechanism, wherein one of the sprockets (10) is a seed taking wheel and the other is a main supporting wheel, and wherein the utility model is characterized in that a negative pressure seed taking mechanism is arranged inside the seed taking wheel, wherein the negative pressure seed taking mechanism comprises a seed chamber (6), a central axis (4) and a seed taking disk (1), wherein the seed taking disk (1) is a cylindrical barrel on the central axis (4) and can rotate on the central axis (4), wherein the axis of the cylindrical barrel coincides with the central axis (4) to form a closed cavity (1-1).

[0012] The central axis (4) is a tubular body provided with an air guide hole (4-1), and a connecting hole (4-2) is provided between a section of the central axis (4) located in the cylindrical body and the closed cavity (1-1) of the cylindrical body.

[0013] Seed suction holes (5) are arranged around the outer edge wall of the cylindrical barrel of the seed taking plate (1), and the seed chamber (6) is a cavity connected to the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel, and the portion where the cavity and the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel are connected is open.

[0014] The inner wall of the closed cavity (1-1) is provided with an air cut-off mechanism and a support frame, the air cut-off mechanism is at least one of a roller (2) or a blocking block (3), one end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the central axis (4), and the other end of the support frame is a free end, and the air cut-off mechanism is arranged at the free end of the support frame and is located at the inner wall of the closed cavity (1-1) of the seed tray (1).

[0015] Preferably, the air cutting mechanism is a roller (2).

[0016] Further preferably, the air cut-off mechanism is a combination of a roller (2) and a blocking block (3).

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize high-speed and precise sowing or seeding, and there will be no missed sowing due to inaccurate positioning. The sowing or seeding is not only fast, but also can ensure the accuracy and quality of sowing or seeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the front view of the negative pressure seed taking mechanism in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a side view of the negative pressure seed taking mechanism of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the roller of the air cut-off mechanism in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the negative pressure seed taking mechanism in Example 1 of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the general assembly of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0023] Markings shown in the figure: seed tray 1, closed cavity 1-1, roller 2, blocking block 3, central axis 4, air guide hole 4-1, connecting hole 4-2, seed suction hole 5, seed chamber 6, seed box 7, transmission chain 8, seeding nozzle 9, sprocket 10, inoculation nozzle 11, chain middle support wheel 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-5 , is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1 of the utility model, which is a negative pressure seeding high-speed precision seeding device, including a frame and a sprocket mechanism composed of an annular transmission chain 8 and a sprocket 10, the transmission chain 8 is composed of a rubber belt, and an inoculation nozzle 11 is provided on the rubber belt, corresponding to the inoculation nozzle, and a sowing nozzle 9 is provided on the transmission chain 8, one of the sprockets 10 is a seeding wheel, and the other is a main supporting wheel, and a chain intermediate support wheel 12 is provided in the middle of the lower part of the sprocket mechanism composed of the transmission chain 8 and the sprocket 10, and a contour spring is provided between the support wheel 12 and the frame, so that the sprocket mechanism can make the force between the ground and the ground more balanced during sowing or seeding.

[0026] Of course, the transmission chain 8 of the present invention can also be composed of a plurality of hard chain plates.

[0027] A negative pressure seed taking mechanism is provided in the seed taking wheel, and the negative pressure seed taking mechanism comprises a seed chamber 6, a central axis 4 and a seed taking disk 1. The seed taking disk 1 is a cylindrical barrel on the central axis 4 and can rotate on the central axis 4. The axis of the cylindrical barrel coincides with the central axis 4 to form a closed cavity 1-1. The central axis 4 is a tubular shaft provided with an air guide hole 4-1, and a connecting hole 4-2 is provided between a section of the central axis 4 in the cylindrical barrel and the closed cavity 1-1 of the cylindrical barrel. Seed suction holes 5 are provided on a circle of the outer edge wall of the cylindrical barrel of the seed taking disk 1. The seed chamber 6 is a cavity connected to the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel, and the connecting portion between the cavity and the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel is open. A seed box 7 is provided at the front end of the seed chamber 6, and the seed box 7 is provided on the frame of the sowing device. Of course, the seed box 7 can also be provided on the frame of the seeder.

[0028] The inner wall of the closed cavity 1-1 is provided with an air cut-off mechanism and a support frame. In the present embodiment, the air cut-off mechanism is a combination of a roller 2 and a blocking block 3. One end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the central axis 4, and the other end of the support frame is a free end. The air cut-off mechanism is arranged at the free end of the support frame and is located at the inner wall of the closed cavity 1-1 of the seed taking disk 1. Specifically, the roller 2 is made of elastic rubber or silicone material, and is in over-pressure contact with the inner wall of the closed cavity 1-1. The blocking block 3 is an arc-shaped hard block, and a small gap is retained between the inner wall of the closed cavity 1-1, which can reduce the working resistance and form a suction block for the seed suction hole 5. Through the combination of the roller 2 and the blocking block 3, the seeding time and reliability of the seed taking disk 1 can be greatly improved.

[0029] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure seeding high-speed precision seeding device, comprising a sprocket mechanism consisting of an annular transmission chain (8) and a sprocket (10), a seeding nozzle (9) being arranged on the transmission chain (8) of the sprocket mechanism, one of the sprockets (10) being a seeding wheel and the other being a main supporting wheel, characterized in that: The seed wheel is provided with a negative pressure seed taking mechanism, which comprises a seed chamber (6), a central axis (4) and a seed taking disc (1). The seed taking disc (1) is a cylindrical body on the central axis (4) and can rotate on the central axis (4). The axis of the cylindrical body coincides with the central axis (4) to form a closed cavity (1-1). The central axis (4) is a tubular body provided with an air guide hole (4-1), and a connecting hole (4-2) is provided between a section of the central axis (4) in the cylindrical body and the closed cavity (1-1) of the cylindrical body. Seed suction holes (5) are arranged around the outer edge wall of the cylindrical barrel of the seed taking plate (1); the seed chamber (6) is a cavity connected to the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel, and the portion where the cavity connects to the outer edge of the cylindrical barrel is open. The inner wall of the closed cavity (1-1) is provided with an air-cutting mechanism and a support frame, the air-cutting mechanism is at least one of a roller (2) or a blocking block (3), one end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the central axis (4), and the other end of the support frame is a free end, and the air-cutting mechanism is arranged at the free end of the support frame and is located at the inner wall of the closed cavity (1-1) of the seed tray (1).

2. The negative pressure seeding high-speed precision seeding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air-cutting mechanism is a roller (2).

3. The negative pressure high-speed precision seeding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air cut-off mechanism is a combination of a roller (2) and a blocking block (3).

4. A seed drill, characterized in that: A negative pressure seeding high-speed precision seeding device is provided as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3.

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