Photovoltaic high-flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic high flame retardation low smoke halogen-free cable, comprising a composite low smoke halogen-free sheath, the composite low smoke halogen-free sheath is composed of an outer sheath, a middle layer and an inner sheath, the inner side of the composite low smoke halogen-free sheath is provided with a composite enhancement layer, and the inner side of the composite enhancement layer is provided with a flame retardation layer. The composite enhancement layer is composed of a wear-resistant braid layer, a flame-retardant yarn layer and a reinforced fiber layer, the inner side of the composite enhancement layer is provided with a composite flame-retardant layer, the composite flame-retardant layer is composed of an expansion flame-retardant layer and an inner thermal insulation layer, the inner side of the composite flame-retardant layer is provided with a cable core, and the outer side of the cable core is provided with a flame-retardant layer. The problem that the photovoltaic cable easily generates a large amount of toxic smoke to pollute the environment when a fire occurs is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cables, in particular to a highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaics. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic cables, as an indispensable part of photovoltaic systems, have attracted much attention in recent years with the rapid development of global clean energy. Photovoltaic cables are mainly used to connect photovoltaic modules, inverters, combiner boxes and other equipment to ensure the safe and efficient operation of photovoltaic systems. The particularity of photovoltaic cables lies in the complex and changeable working environment, which needs to withstand the test of high temperature, ultraviolet rays, humidity and other harsh environments. Therefore, photovoltaic cables have high requirements in material selection, structural design, production process and other aspects.

[0003] For example, the Chinese authorized patent "A Photovoltaic Cable" with announcement number CN220381827U includes a cable core, the outer side of the cable core is wrapped with a fireproof layer, the outer side of the fireproof layer is provided with a protective layer, the outer side of the protective layer is provided with a waterproof layer, the outer side of the waterproof layer is fixed with four ceramic strips and silicone layers at equal distances, the outer side of the ceramic strips and silicone layer is provided with a shielding layer, the outer side of the shielding layer is provided with a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve is provided with a second reinforcing rib, the outer side of the protective sleeve is coated with an anti-ultraviolet coating layer, and acrylic water-absorbing beads are provided between the waterproof layer and the protective sleeve. The service life of the photovoltaic cable is extended, the cable damage caused by high temperature is avoided, and the fire resistance and safety of the cable use are improved.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned prior art can improve the protection performance of photovoltaic cables, a large amount of toxic smoke will be generated in the event of a fire due to the composition of the material. These fumes not only seriously affect the breathing and vision of personnel, but may also cause serious consequences such as poisoning or suffocation, further threatening the life safety of personnel. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, we propose a highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaics. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use, so as to solve the problem in the background art that the photovoltaic cable is prone to generate a large amount of toxic smoke and cause environmental pollution when a fire occurs.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a highly flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use, comprising a composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath, the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath consisting of an outer sheath, an intermediate layer and an inner sheath, a composite reinforcement layer is arranged on the inner side of the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath, the composite reinforcement layer consists of a wear-resistant braided layer, a flame-retardant yarn layer and a reinforcing fiber layer, a composite flame-retardant layer is arranged on the inner side of the composite reinforcement layer, the composite flame-retardant layer consists of an expansion flame-retardant layer and an inner insulation layer, and a cable core is arranged on the inner side of the composite flame-retardant layer.

[0007] Preferably, the middle layer is woven in a mesh shape on the outside of the inner sheath, and the outer sheath is wrapped on the outside of the middle layer by extrusion.

[0008] Preferably, the flame retardant yarn layer is located outside the reinforcing fiber layer, and the flame retardant yarn layer is in close contact with the reinforcing fiber layer, and the wear-resistant braided layer is located outside the flame retardant yarn layer, and the wear-resistant braided layer is in close contact with the flame retardant yarn layer.

[0009] Preferably, the expanded flame retardant layer is located outside the inner heat-insulating layer, and the expanded flame retardant layer is in contact with the inner heat-insulating layer.

[0010] Preferably, the cable core comprises wire cores, at least seven wire cores are provided, and the outer wire cores are distributed in a ring shape around the central wire core, and the gaps of the wire cores are provided with flame-retardant fillings.

[0011] Preferably, the wire core comprises an insulating layer and a conductor, the conductor is formed by twisting a plurality of copper alloy monofilaments, and the insulating layer is extruded and wrapped around the outside of the conductor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. The utility model is provided with a composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath, which is composed of an outer sheath, an intermediate layer and an inner sheath. The high insulation performance of the inner sheath can effectively prevent electrical failures of the cable during operation, and can withstand higher temperatures to ensure that the cable can work normally in a high temperature environment. When a fire occurs in the intermediate layer, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material can effectively reduce the generation of smoke and toxic gases, reduce the harm to personnel and equipment, has high flame retardant properties, can delay the spread of fire, and buy more time for rescue. The outer sheath can resist the influence of harsh environments such as ultraviolet rays and humidity for a long time, ensure the stability and service life of the cable, and at the same time has high strength and toughness to protect the cable from external damage.

[0014] 2. The utility model is provided with a composite reinforcement layer, which is composed of a wear-resistant braided layer, a flame-retardant yarn layer and a reinforcing fiber layer. The high strength and high modulus characteristics of the inner reinforcing fiber can significantly improve the tensile performance of the cable, ensuring that the cable is not easy to break when subjected to external force. At the same time, the high temperature resistance of the aramid fiber enables it to maintain stable mechanical properties in a high temperature environment and adapt to the working conditions of the photovoltaic system. The flame-retardant yarn layer can further improve the overall mechanical strength of the cable, enhance the wear resistance and tear resistance of the cable, and help to delay the burning speed of the cable when a fire occurs, buying more time for rescue. The outer wear-resistant braided layer can resist external friction and wear, extend the service life of the cable, and has good anti-fatigue performance. It can maintain stable mechanical properties even when subjected to external forces for a long time.

[0015] 3. The utility model is provided with a composite flame retardant layer, which is composed of an expansion flame retardant layer and an inner heat insulation layer. The expansion flame retardant layer can rapidly expand when heated to form a porous carbonized layer. The carbonized layer has good heat insulation and oxygen isolation properties, further improving the flame retardant properties of the cable, effectively preventing the penetration and spread of flames, reducing the conduction of heat to the inside of the cable, and protecting the internal structure of the cable from high temperature damage. The inner heat insulation layer can effectively inhibit the burning speed of the cable in a fire and reduce the risk of fire spread. During the combustion process, the inorganic flame retardant produces less smoke and toxic gases, which helps to reduce the harm of fire to people and the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the composite reinforcement layer of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the composite flame retardant layer of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 For the utility model Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of area A.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath; 11. Outer sheath; 12. Middle layer; 13. Inner sheath; 2. Composite reinforcement layer; 21. Wear-resistant braided layer; 22. Flame-retardant yarn layer; 23. Reinforced fiber layer; 3. Composite flame-retardant layer; 31. Expanded flame-retardant layer; 32. Inner insulation layer; 4. Cable core; 5. Wire core; 51. Insulation layer; 52. Conductor; 6. Flame-retardant filling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0024] See also Figure 1-6The utility model provides an embodiment: a highly flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use, comprising a composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath 1, the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath 1 is composed of an outer sheath 11, an intermediate layer 12 and an inner sheath 13, the outer sheath 11 is made of cross-linked polyethylene, the intermediate layer 12 is low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin, the inner sheath 13 is made of polyurethane, and a composite reinforcement layer 2 is arranged on the inner side of the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath 1, and the composite reinforcement layer 2 is made of wear-resistant braided The composite reinforcement layer 2 is composed of a layer 21, a flame retardant yarn layer 22 and a reinforcing fiber layer 23. The wear-resistant woven layer 21 is made of polyester fiber, the flame retardant yarn layer 22 is made of glass fiber, the reinforcing fiber layer 23 is made of aramid fiber, and a composite flame retardant layer 3 is arranged on the inner side of the composite reinforcement layer 2. The composite flame retardant layer 3 is composed of an expanding flame retardant layer 31 and an inner heat-insulating layer 32. The expanding flame retardant layer 31 is an expanding flame retardant, and the inner heat-insulating layer 32 is magnesium hydroxide. A cable core 4 is arranged on the inner side of the composite flame retardant layer 3.

[0025] See also Figure 3 The middle layer 12 is woven in a mesh shape on the outside of the inner sheath 13, and the outer sheath 11 is wrapped on the outside of the middle layer 12 by extrusion. The composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath 1 structure combines the advantages of cross-linked polyethylene, low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin and polyurethane, which not only meets the requirements of photovoltaic cables for electrical properties, heat resistance and mechanical properties, but also has the environmentally friendly characteristics of low-smoke halogen-free and flame retardant.

[0026] See also Figure 4 The flame retardant yarn layer 22 is located outside the reinforcing fiber layer 23, and the flame retardant yarn layer 22 is in contact with the reinforcing fiber layer 23. The wear-resistant braided layer 21 is located outside the flame retardant yarn layer 22, and the wear-resistant braided layer 21 is in contact with the flame retardant yarn layer 22. By combining aramid fiber, glass fiber and polyester fiber, a composite reinforcing layer with high strength, high wear resistance and flame retardant properties can be constructed. This structure can not only improve the mechanical properties of high flame retardant, low smoke and halogen-free cables for photovoltaic use, but also provide additional safety protection in the event of a fire. At the same time, the materials used are all environmentally friendly materials that meet the sustainable development requirements of photovoltaic systems.

[0027] See also Figure 5 The intumescent flame retardant layer 31 is located outside the inner heat insulation layer 32, and the intumescent flame retardant layer 31 is attached to the inner heat insulation layer 32. By combining inorganic flame retardants and intumescent flame retardants, a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly composite flame retardant layer is constructed. This structure can not only significantly improve the flame retardant performance of photovoltaic high flame retardant low smoke halogen-free cables, but also reduce the amount of smoke and toxic gases generated when a fire occurs, providing a solid guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the photovoltaic system.

[0028] See also Figure 2The cable core 4 includes a core 5, at least seven cores 5 are provided, and the outer cores 5 are distributed in a ring shape around the central core 5. Flame retardant fillings 6 are provided at the gaps of the cores 5. Halogen-free polyolefin is used as the insulating material. This material has good electrical properties and flame retardant properties to ensure the electrical safety and durability of the cable.

[0029] See also Figure 6 The wire core 5 includes an insulating layer 51 and a conductor 52 . The conductor 52 is formed by twisting a plurality of copper alloy monofilaments, and the insulating layer 51 is extruded and wrapped around the outside of the conductor 52 .

[0030] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A highly flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use, comprising a composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath (1), wherein the composite low-smoke halogen-free sheath (1) is composed of an outer sheath (11), an intermediate layer (12) and an inner sheath (13), characterized in that: A composite reinforcement layer (2) is arranged on the inner side of the composite low-smoke zero-halogen sheath (1), the composite reinforcement layer (2) consisting of a wear-resistant braided layer (21), a flame-retardant yarn layer (22) and a reinforcing fiber layer (23), a composite flame-retardant layer (3) is arranged on the inner side of the composite reinforcement layer (2), the composite flame-retardant layer (3) consisting of an expansion flame-retardant layer (31) and an inner heat-insulating layer (32), and a cable core (4) is arranged on the inner side of the composite flame-retardant layer (3).

2. A highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle layer (12) is woven in a mesh shape on the outside of the inner layer sheath (13), and the outer layer sheath (11) is wrapped on the outside of the middle layer (12) by extrusion.

3. A highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant yarn layer (22) is located outside the reinforcing fiber layer (23), and the flame retardant yarn layer (22) and the reinforcing fiber layer (23) are in close contact with each other; the wear-resistant braided layer (21) is located outside the flame retardant yarn layer (22), and the wear-resistant braided layer (21) and the flame retardant yarn layer (22) are in close contact with each other.

4. A highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expanded flame retardant layer (31) is located outside the inner heat insulation layer (32), and the expanded flame retardant layer (31) is in contact with the inner heat insulation layer (32).

5. The highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable core (4) comprises a wire core (5), at least seven wire cores (5) are provided, and the outer wire cores (5) are distributed in a ring shape around the central wire core (5), and flame retardant fillers (6) are provided at the gaps of the wire cores (5).

6. A highly flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free cable for photovoltaic use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wire core (5) comprises an insulating layer (51) and a conductor (52); the conductor (52) is formed by twisting a plurality of copper alloy monofilaments, and the insulating layer (51) is extruded and wrapped around the outside of the conductor (52).

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