Condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function
By using the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam as a heat source in the condenser to evaporate and overheat the liquid ammonia, the energy loss problem caused by liquid ammonia evaporation in the prior art is solved, and more efficient energy utilization is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420392577.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid ammonia evaporation technologies usually use steam or electricity as heat sources, resulting in energy loss, especially when the ammonia doping increases, the loss of energy is higher.
A condenser is designed to use the steam exhaust of the turbine low-pressure cylinder as a heat source to evaporate and overheat the liquid ammonia, recover the exhaust waste heat, and reduce the energy loss of the heat source by the evaporation of liquid ammonia.
By recycling exhaust waste heat, the loss of steam or electricity by liquid ammonia evaporation is significantly reduced and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222670726U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of energy saving, low carbon energy saving in thermal power plants and relates to a condenser with a liquid ammonia evaporation function. Background Art
[0002] Ammonia combustion in thermal power plants is an effective means of reducing carbon emissions. However, for the convenience of transportation, most ammonia in thermal power plants is in the form of liquid ammonia. Liquid ammonia needs to be evaporated and gasified before entering the boiler for combustion. The existing liquid ammonia evaporation generally uses steam as a heat source, and some liquid ammonia evaporation uses electricity as a heat source. Specifically, the principle of the liquid ammonia evaporator using steam as a heat source is to use the heat energy of steam to heat the liquid ammonia to evaporate. This evaporator usually includes a heat exchanger, the interior of the heat exchanger is filled with liquid ammonia, and the outside is surrounded by a steam channel. When the steam passes through the external channel of the heat exchanger, its heat is transferred to the liquid ammonia inside, causing the liquid ammonia to evaporate by heat. The evaporation of liquid ammonia using electricity as a heat source is mainly achieved through an electrically heated liquid ammonia evaporator. In this device, an electric heater is used as a heat source and water is used as a heat transfer medium. The evaporator uses a tubular evaporator, in which the medium inside the tube is liquid ammonia and the medium outside the tube is warm water. The electric heater provides heat energy for the warm water, and when the temperature of the warm water reaches the set working range, it is kept stable by a control device. The liquid ammonia in the tube is heated by the warm water and evaporates instantly.
[0003] But whether using steam or electricity, it is a significant loss of energy, especially when the amount of ammonia increases, the energy loss will be even higher. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function, which uses the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine as the heat source to evaporate and superheat the liquid ammonia, recovers the exhaust steam waste heat, and reduces the loss of steam or electric energy caused by the evaporation of liquid ammonia.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] The utility model provides a condenser with a liquid ammonia evaporation function, comprising a condenser shell, a condenser throat located above the condenser shell, and an ammonia channel;
[0007] The ammonia channel includes a liquid ammonia inlet, an ammonia gas outlet, a liquid ammonia inlet header, a liquid ammonia evaporation pipe and an ammonia gas outlet header;
[0008] The liquid ammonia inlet and the ammonia gas outlet are opened on the condenser shell, and the liquid ammonia inlet header, the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe and the ammonia gas outlet header are arranged inside the condenser shell;
[0009] The two ends of the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe are respectively connected to the liquid ammonia inlet header and the ammonia outlet header; the liquid ammonia inlet header is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet, and the ammonia outlet header is connected to the ammonia outlet;
[0010] The throat of the condenser is connected to the exhaust pipe of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and the heat source of evaporation of liquid ammonia in the condenser comes from the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
[0011] In a specific implementation process, the ammonia channel further includes a fixing device, and the fixing device includes a fixed pipe clamp and a sliding pipe clamp;
[0012] A plurality of groups of the sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the liquid ammonia inlet header, and a plurality of the fixed pipe clamps and the sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the ammonia outlet header.
[0013] In the specific implementation process, the liquid ammonia inlet header has expansion space on both sides of the pipeline in the horizontal direction; and the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe has a slope.
[0014] In the specific implementation process, two sets of tube sheets are further arranged inside the condenser shell, and the two sets of tube sheets divide the internal space of the condenser shell into a left water chamber, a condensation chamber, and a right water chamber; the ammonia channel is located in the condensation chamber;
[0015] The left water chamber is a circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, and a partition is also provided inside the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, which divides the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber.
[0016] In the specific implementation process, it also includes a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet, a vacuum interface and a circulating water condenser;
[0017] The circulating water condenser is located in the condensation chamber; the vacuum port is opened in the middle of the condenser shell;
[0018] The circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet are arranged on the condenser shell within the range of the left water chamber, and the position of the circulating water outlet is higher than the position of the circulating water inlet.
[0019] In a specific implementation process, the tube plate includes a circulation tube area and an ammonia pipeline area, and openings are provided in the circulation tube area.
[0020] In a specific implementation process, a hot well is further provided at the bottom of the condenser shell, and a condensate water interface is provided at the bottom of the hot well.
[0021] In a specific implementation process, the number of the ammonia channels is greater than or equal to 1 group.
[0022] In the specific implementation process, it also includes a buffer separation system, which includes a high-level buffer tank, a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a downcomer;
[0023] The inlet of the high-level buffer tank is connected to the ammonia outlet through a delivery pipeline, and a safety valve, a pressure transmitter, and a temperature transmitter are sequentially arranged on the delivery pipeline along the material flow direction in the pipeline;
[0024] The first outlet of the high-position buffer tank is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet through a downcomer.
[0025] In a specific implementation process, the second outlet of the high-level buffer tank of the buffer separation system is connected to the inlet of the pre-furnace ammonia blending system.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] The utility model provides a condenser with a liquid ammonia evaporation function, which uses the exhaust steam of a low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine as a heat source to evaporate and overheat the liquid ammonia. An ammonia channel is added in the condenser, and the ammonia channel is composed of a liquid ammonia inlet header, a liquid ammonia evaporation pipeline, an ammonia header, a fixing device, etc. The above-mentioned components form an independent ammonia channel for evaporating liquid ammonia, recovering exhaust waste heat and reducing the loss of steam or electric energy caused by evaporation of liquid ammonia.
[0028] Furthermore, the above-mentioned condenser is equipped with a buffer separation system. The liquid ammonia from the ammonia tank or the liquid ammonia pump evaporates through the condenser and then enters the high-level buffer tank. The unevaporated liquid ammonia returns to the liquid ammonia inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation condenser from the pipeline at the bottom of the high-level buffer tank, and the gaseous ammonia leaves from the top of the high-level buffer tank and goes to the ammonia blending system in front of the furnace, thereby making full use of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the condenser of the utility model;
[0030] Figure 2 It is a side view of the condenser of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the condenser of the utility model;
[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the tube sheet of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the buffer separation system and the condenser of the utility model.
[0034] Among them: 1-circulating water outlet; 2-first end cover; 3-circulating water inlet; 4-condensate interface; 5-hot well; 6-second end cover; 7-condenser throat; 8-first tube sheet; 9-ammonia outlet; 10-liquid ammonia inlet; 11-second tube sheet; 12-vacuum interface; 13-liquid ammonia evaporation pipe; 14-ammonia interface; 15-circulating water condenser; 16-partition; 17-liquid ammonia inlet header; 18-ammonia outlet header; 19-fixed pipe clamp; 20-first sliding pipe clamp; 21-second sliding pipe clamp; 22-circulating pipe area; 23-ammonia pipeline area; 25-safety valve; 26-pressure transmitter; 27-second temperature transmitter; 28-high-level buffer tank; 29-down pipe; 30-first temperature transmitter; 31-furnace front ammonia mixing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0037] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0038] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 3 The utility model provides a condenser with a liquid ammonia evaporation function, wherein the heat source of liquid ammonia evaporation comes from the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and mainly comprises a condenser shell, a condenser throat 7 and an ammonia channel, wherein the condenser throat 7 is connected to the exhaust steam pipe of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and is located above the condenser shell; the ammonia channel comprises a liquid ammonia inlet 10, an ammonia outlet 9, a liquid ammonia inlet header 17, a liquid ammonia evaporation pipe 13 and an ammonia outlet header 18;
[0039] The liquid ammonia inlet 10 and the ammonia gas outlet 9 are opened on the condenser shell, and the two ends of the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe 13 are respectively connected to the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 and the ammonia gas outlet header 18. The liquid ammonia inlet header 17 is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet 10, and the ammonia gas outlet header 18 is connected to the ammonia gas outlet 9. The liquid ammonia inlet header 17, the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe 13 and the ammonia gas outlet header 18 are all arranged inside the condenser shell.
[0040] In the specific implementation process, the ammonia channel also includes a fixing device, which includes a fixed pipe clamp 19 and a sliding pipe clamp, and several groups of sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the liquid ammonia inlet header 17, and several fixed pipe clamps 19 and sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the ammonia outlet header 18. Specifically, a fixed pipe clamp 19 is arranged at the ammonia outlet header 18 close to the condenser shell, and the other pipe clamps are all sliding pipe clamps.
[0041] In the specific implementation process, the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 has expansion space on both sides of the pipeline in the horizontal direction; the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe 13 has a certain slope to ensure that the vaporized liquid ammonia can be discharged downstream.
[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, in the specific implementation process, the condenser is composed of a condenser throat 7, an end cover, a circulating water inlet 3, a circulating water outlet 1, a partition 16, a hot well 5, a liquid ammonia inlet header 17, an ammonia outlet header 18, a liquid ammonia evaporation tube 13, a circulating water condensation tube 15, etc.
[0043] Two groups of tube sheets are arranged inside the condenser shell. The two groups of tube sheets, namely the first tube sheet 8 and the second tube sheet 11, divide the internal space of the condenser shell into a left water chamber, a condensation chamber, and a right water chamber. End covers are arranged outside the left water chamber and the right water chamber, namely the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 6. The ammonia channel and the circulating water condenser pipe 15 are located in the condensation chamber. The vacuum interface 12 is opened in the middle of the condenser shell. The left water chamber is the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, and the partition 16 is arranged inside the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber. The hot well 5 is arranged at the bottom of the condenser shell, and the condensation water interface 4 is arranged at the bottom of the hot well 5. The circulating water outlet 1 and the circulating water inlet 3 are opened on the outer shell part corresponding to the left water chamber, namely the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, and the partition 16 divides the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber.
[0044] Further, such as Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, the tube sheet includes a circulation tube area 22 and an ammonia pipeline area 23, and an opening is provided on the circulation tube area 22. The circulation tube area 22 corresponds to the connection area of the circulation water condenser 15, and the ammonia pipeline area 23 corresponds to the area of the ammonia channel. Furthermore, no opening is provided on the tube sheet of the condenser at the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 and the ammonia outlet header 18.
[0045] In the specific implementation process, one or more groups of ammonia channels can be set, and the specific number is determined according to the evaporation amount of liquid ammonia.
[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, in the specific implementation process, the condenser can be used in conjunction with a buffer separation system. The buffer separation system consists of a high-level buffer tank 28, a safety valve 25, a pressure transmitter 26, a temperature transmitter, a downcomer 29, etc. The inlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 is connected to the ammonia outlet 9 through a delivery pipeline, and the safety valve 25, the pressure transmitter 26, and the temperature transmitter are sequentially arranged on the delivery pipeline along the material flow direction in the pipeline; the first outlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet 10 through a downcomer 29; the second outlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 of the buffer separation system is connected to the inlet of the pre-furnace ammonia mixing system 31.
[0047] Example
[0048] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function, including a circulating water outlet 1, a first end cover 2, a circulating water inlet 3, a condensate interface 4, a hot well 5, a second end cover 6, a condenser throat 7, a first tube sheet 8, an ammonia outlet 9, a liquid ammonia inlet 10, a second tube sheet 11, a vacuum interface 12, a liquid ammonia evaporation tube 13, an ammonia interface 14, a circulating water condenser tube 15, a partition 16, a liquid ammonia inlet header 17, an ammonia outlet header 18, a fixed pipe clamp 19, a first sliding pipe clamp 20, and a second sliding pipe clamp 21.
[0049] The condenser shell is provided with a circulating water outlet 1, a circulating water inlet 3, an ammonia outlet 9, a liquid ammonia inlet 10, and a vacuum interface 12; the circulating water outlet 1 and the circulating water inlet 3 are provided on the outer shell corresponding to the left water chamber, i.e., the water chamber on the circulating water inlet and outlet sides. The ammonia outlet 9 is close to the first tube sheet 8 of the left water chamber, and the liquid ammonia inlet 10 is close to the second tube sheet 11 of the right water chamber; the vacuum interface 12 is provided in the middle of the condenser shell.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, viewed from the side, the condenser shell is provided with two groups of the above-mentioned openings, which are, from top to bottom, a circulating water outlet 1, an ammonia interface 14, i.e., an ammonia outlet 9 and a liquid ammonia inlet 10, a vacuum interface 12 and a circulating water inlet 3, and the circulating water inlet 3 is opened at the bottom of the condenser shell.
[0051] A condenser throat 7 is arranged above the condenser shell, and the condenser throat 7 is connected to the exhaust pipe of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
[0052] The interior of the condenser shell is provided with a first tube sheet 8, a second tube sheet 11, a liquid ammonia evaporation tube 13, a circulating water condensation tube 15, a partition 16, a liquid ammonia inlet header 17, an ammonia outlet header 18, a fixed pipe clamp 19, a first sliding pipe clamp 20, and a second sliding pipe clamp 21.
[0053] The two ends of the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe 13 are respectively connected to the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 and the ammonia outlet header 18, the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet 10, and the ammonia outlet header 18 is connected to the ammonia outlet 9; two groups of sliding pipe clamps, namely the second sliding pipe clamps 21 are arranged on the liquid ammonia inlet header 17, and a group of fixed pipe clamps 19 and the first sliding pipe clamp 20 are arranged on the ammonia outlet header 18.
[0054] The first tube sheet 8 and the second tube sheet 11 divide the internal space of the condenser shell into a left water chamber, a condensation chamber, and a right water chamber; end covers are arranged outside the left water chamber and the right water chamber, which are the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 6 respectively; the ammonia channel and the circulating water condensation pipe 15 are located in the condensation chamber; a partition 16 is also arranged inside the water chamber on the inlet and outlet sides of the condenser circulating water, and the partition 16 divides the water chamber on the inlet and outlet sides of the circulating water into an inlet water chamber and an outlet water chamber. Condensation chamber.
[0055] A hot well 5 is arranged at the bottom of the condenser shell, and a condensate water interface 4 is arranged at the bottom of the hot well 5 .
[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the first tube sheet 8 and the second tube sheet 11 include a circulation pipe area 22 and an ammonia pipeline area 23; the circulation pipe area 22 corresponds to the connection area of the circulating water condenser 15, and the ammonia pipeline area 23 corresponds to the area of the ammonia channel. No holes are opened on the first tube sheet 8 and the second tube sheet 11 of the condenser in the ammonia pipeline area 23 at the liquid ammonia inlet header 17 and the ammonia outlet header 18.
[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the buffer separation system includes a safety valve 25, a pressure transmitter 26, a second temperature transmitter 27, a high-level buffer tank 28, a downcomer 29, and a first temperature transmitter 30. The inlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 is connected to the ammonia outlet 9 through a delivery pipeline, and the safety valve 25, the pressure transmitter 26, and the second temperature transmitter 27 are sequentially arranged on the delivery pipeline along the material flow direction in the pipeline; the first outlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet 10 through a downcomer 29, and the first temperature transmitter 30 is arranged on the way of the liquid ammonia inlet 10; the second outlet of the high-level buffer tank 28 of the buffer separation system is connected to the inlet of the pre-furnace ammonia mixing system 31.
[0058] Specifically, the liquid ammonia from the ammonia tank or the liquid ammonia pump evaporates through the condenser and then enters the high-level buffer tank 28. The unevaporated liquid ammonia returns to the liquid ammonia inlet 10 of the liquid ammonia evaporation condenser from the downcomer 29 connected to the first outlet at the bottom of the high-level buffer tank 28. The gaseous ammonia leaves the top of the high-level buffer tank 28 and goes to the pre-furnace ammonia blending system 31.
[0059] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of the utility model and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.
Claims
1. A condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function, characterized in that: It includes a condenser shell, a condenser throat (7) located above the condenser shell, and an ammonia passage; The ammonia channel comprises a liquid ammonia inlet (10), an ammonia gas outlet (9), a liquid ammonia inlet header (17), a liquid ammonia evaporation tube (13) and an ammonia gas outlet header (18); The liquid ammonia inlet (10) and the ammonia gas outlet (9) are opened on the condenser shell, and the liquid ammonia inlet header (17), the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe (13) and the ammonia gas outlet header (18) are arranged inside the condenser shell; The two ends of the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe (13) are respectively connected to a liquid ammonia inlet header (17) and an ammonia gas outlet header (18); the liquid ammonia inlet header (17) is connected to a liquid ammonia inlet (10), and the ammonia gas outlet header (18) is connected to an ammonia gas outlet (9); The throat (7) of the condenser is connected to the exhaust pipe of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and the heat source for evaporation of liquid ammonia in the condenser comes from the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
2. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia channel also includes a fixing device, which includes a fixed pipe clamp (19) and a sliding pipe clamp; A plurality of groups of the sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the liquid ammonia inlet header (17), and a plurality of the fixed pipe clamps (19) and the sliding pipe clamps are arranged on the ammonia outlet header (18).
3. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia inlet header (17) has expansion space on both sides of the pipeline in the horizontal direction; and the liquid ammonia evaporation pipe (13) has a slope.
4. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of tube sheets are also arranged inside the condenser shell, and the two sets of tube sheets divide the internal space of the condenser shell into a left water chamber, a condensation chamber, and a right water chamber; the ammonia channel is located in the condensation chamber; The left water chamber is a circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, and a partition (16) is also provided inside the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber, the partition (16) dividing the circulating water inlet and outlet side water chamber into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber.
5. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a circulating water inlet (3), a circulating water outlet (1), a vacuum extraction interface (12), and a circulating water condenser (15); The circulating water condenser pipe (15) is located in the condensation chamber; the vacuum extraction interface (12) is opened in the middle of the condenser shell; The circulating water inlet (3) and the circulating water outlet (1) are arranged on the condenser shell within the range of the left water chamber, and the position of the circulating water outlet (1) is higher than the position of the circulating water inlet (3).
6. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tube plate comprises a circulation tube area (22) and an ammonia pipeline area (23), and the circulation tube area (22) is provided with openings.
7. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot well (5) is also provided at the bottom of the condenser shell, and a condensate water interface (4) is provided at the bottom of the hot well (5).
8. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the ammonia channels is greater than or equal to one group.
9. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer separation system, which includes a high-level buffer tank (28), a safety valve (25), a pressure transmitter (26), a temperature transmitter, and a downcomer (29); The inlet of the high-level buffer tank (28) is connected to the ammonia outlet (9) via a delivery pipeline, and a safety valve (25), a pressure transmitter (26), and a temperature transmitter are sequentially arranged on the delivery pipeline along the flow direction of the material in the pipeline; The first outlet of the high-position buffer tank (28) is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet (10) via a downcomer (29).
10. The condenser with liquid ammonia evaporation function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second outlet of the high-position buffer tank (28) of the buffer separation system is connected to the inlet of the pre-furnace ammonia mixing system (31).