Rail supporting structure and rail system

Abstract

The utility model provides a track supporting structure and a track system, relates to the technical field of railway engineering, and is used for solving the problems that the waterproof performance of the track supporting structure is poor, and accumulated water easily enters a gap between a sleeve shoe and a supporting block, the track supporting structure comprises a sleeper, the supporting block and the sleeve shoe, and the supporting block is arranged below the sleeper; the edge of the sleeper protrudes out of the edge of the supporting block, and the sleeve boot wraps the side, away from the sleeper, of the supporting block. A gap is formed between the supporting block and the sleeve shoe, and a waterproof part is arranged on the edge of the side, facing the supporting block, of the sleeper and used for preventing accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper. According to the track supporting structure and the track system, the good waterproof effect is achieved, the service cycle of the sleeve boot can be prolonged, and the stability of the sleeve boot is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of railway engineering technology, and in particular to a track support structure and a track system. Background Art

[0002] The elastic support block type ballastless track bed is composed of elastic support blocks, concrete track bed plates and concrete base. Since the supporting rail part adopts elastic support blocks, the vertical stiffness of the track is provided by the double-layer elastic pads under the rail and the block. Through the reasonable selection of the stiffness of the double-layer pads, the stiffness of the track can meet the use requirements.

[0003] The overshoe is generally in the shape of a box with one end open, used to cover the bottom and sides of the support block, and the upper part of the sleeper is exposed from the opening of the rubber sheath. The sheath is mainly used to isolate the concrete support block and the ballast bed to prevent vibration short circuit. At present, waterproofing between the support block and the overshoe is usually achieved by using waterproof sealing materials or waterproof coatings. These materials can be coated on the contact surface of the support block and the overshoe to prevent moisture from penetrating into the joint. In addition, waterproof sealing strips or sealants can be used to fill the gaps between the support block and the overshoe to ensure that water does not penetrate through these gaps.

[0004] However, the conventional waterproof structure is prone to falling off, resulting in poor waterproof performance, which affects the service life of the overboots and reduces the stability of the overboots. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a track support structure and a track system, which have a good waterproof effect, can extend the service life of the overboot, and improve the stability of the overboot.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a track support structure, including a sleeper, a support block and a shoe, wherein the support block is arranged below the sleeper, the edge of the sleeper protrudes from the edge of the support block, and the shoe covers the side of the support block away from the sleeper; there is a gap between the support block and the shoe, and a waterproof portion is provided on the edge of the sleeper facing the support block to prevent accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper.

[0007] As in the track support structure described above, the edge extending along the length direction of the sleeper protrudes from the corresponding edge of the support block; the waterproof portion extends along the length direction of the sleeper, or there are multiple waterproof portions, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the sleeper.

[0008] As in the above-mentioned rail supporting structure, the waterproof portion includes a groove.

[0009] As in the above-mentioned track support structure, the waterproof part also includes an extension section, which is located on one side of the groove close to the edge of the sleeper, and the ratio of the extension section to the groove in the horizontal direction is: 1.5:1-2.0:1.

[0010] As in the above-mentioned track supporting structure, the waterproof portion comprises a protrusion, and the protrusion is located on a side of the edge of the gap close to the sleeper.

[0011] As in the above-mentioned track support structure, the protrusion is arranged on the sleeper.

[0012] As in the above-mentioned rail support structure, the protrusion is arranged on the overshoe.

[0013] As in the track support structure mentioned above, the protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the first protrusion is arranged on the sleeper, and the second protrusion is arranged on the overshoe, and along the direction from the overshoe to the sleeper, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are staggered with each other, or the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged opposite to each other, and the first protrusion is abutted against the second protrusion.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a track system, comprising: rails, a ballast bed and the above-mentioned track support structure, wherein the rails are fixedly arranged above the sleepers, and the track support structure is arranged on the ballast bed.

[0015] As in the track system mentioned above, the track bed has an inclined surface, the end of the inclined surface close to the track support structure is higher than the end of the inclined surface away from the track support structure, and the slope of the inclined surface is 5%-10%.

[0016] The present application provides a track support structure and a track system, wherein the track support structure includes a sleeper, a support block and a boot, wherein the support block is arranged below the sleeper, the edge of the sleeper protrudes from the edge of the support block, and the boot covers the side of the support block away from the sleeper; a gap is provided between the support block and the boot, and a waterproof portion is provided on the edge of the sleeper facing the support block, which is used to prevent accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper. It can be seen that the present application changes the flow direction of accumulated water by providing a waterproof portion on the edge of the sleeper facing the support block, so as to prevent accumulated water from flowing into the gap between the support block and the boot. The utility model provides a track support structure and a track system, which have a good waterproof effect, can extend the service life of the boot, and improve the stability of the boot.

[0017] The construction of a track support structure and a track system provided by the present application as well as its other utility model purposes and beneficial effects will be more clearly understood through the description of the preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of water accumulation at the edge of the sleeper in the prior art;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a track support structure from another perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of water accumulation at the edge of a sleeper in a track system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a protrusion in a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another protrusion in a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a track system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 10-track support structure;

[0028] 100-sleeper;

[0029] 111- extension section;

[0030] 112-groove;

[0031] 200-support block;

[0032] 210-gap;

[0033] 300 - Overboots;

[0034] 310-protrusion;

[0035] 311- first protrusion;

[0036] 312- second protrusion;

[0037] 400-Track system;

[0038] 410-Steel rail;

[0039] 420-track bed;

[0040] 421-slope;

[0041] 430-Elastic fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The elastic support block type ballastless track bed is composed of elastic support blocks, concrete track bed plates and concrete base. Since the supporting rail part adopts elastic support blocks, the vertical stiffness of the track is provided by the double-layer elastic pads under the rail and the block. Through the reasonable selection of the stiffness of the double-layer pads, the stiffness of the track can meet the use requirements.

[0044] The rubber sheath is generally a box-shaped cover with one end open, used to cover the bottom and sides of the support block. The upper part of the sleeper is exposed from the opening of the rubber sheath. The sheath is mainly used to isolate the concrete support block and the ballast bed to prevent vibration short circuit.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 In the prior art, the accumulated water on the upper part of the sleeper 100 will slide down along the edge of the sleeper and then flow along the length direction of the sleeper. If the side of the sleeper in the length direction is straight and there are no obstacles, the accumulated water will flow along the length direction of the sleeper to the gap between the support block 200 and the overshoe.

[0046] At present, waterproofing between the support block and the overshoe is usually achieved by using waterproof sealing materials or waterproof coatings. These materials can be coated on the contact surface of the support block and the overshoe to prevent moisture from penetrating into the joint. In addition, waterproof sealing strips or sealants can be used to fill the gaps between the support block and the overshoe to ensure that water does not penetrate through these gaps.

[0047] However, the conventional waterproof structure is prone to falling off, resulting in poor waterproof performance, which affects the service life of the overboots and reduces the stability of the overboots.

[0048] To this end, the present application provides a track support structure and a track system, which adopts a design of setting a waterproof part at the edge of the sleeper facing the support block to play a role in diversion, so that the accumulated water changes its original flow direction when encountering the waterproof part, and flows downward under the action of gravity, so as to prevent the accumulated water from flowing along the length direction of the sleeper into the gap between the overshoe and the support block. Compared with the traditional track support structure, this structure has a better waterproof effect, can extend the service life of the overshoe, and improve the stability of the overshoe.

[0049] A track support structure in this embodiment is further described below.

[0050] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a track support structure from another perspective provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of water accumulation at the edge of a sleeper in a track system provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a protrusion in a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of another protrusion in a track support structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a track supporting structure, including a sleeper 100, a supporting block 200 and a boot 300, wherein the supporting block 200 is arranged below the sleeper 100, the edge of the sleeper 100 protrudes from the edge of the supporting block 200, and the boot 300 is covered on the side of the supporting block 200 away from the sleeper 100; there is a gap between the supporting block 200 and the boot 300, and a waterproof portion is provided on the edge of the sleeper 100 facing the supporting block 200, which is used to prevent accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper 100.

[0052] In this way, by adopting the design of providing a waterproof part at the edge of the sleeper 100 facing the support block 200, the water can be diverted, so that the accumulated water changes its original flow direction when encountering the waterproof part, and flows downward under the action of gravity, so as to prevent the accumulated water from flowing along the length direction of the sleeper 100 into the gap 210 between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200. Compared with the traditional track support structure, this structure has a better waterproof effect, can extend the service life of the overshoe, and improve the stability of the overshoe.

[0053] There is usually a certain gap between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200, which is designed to take into account the thermal expansion and contraction of the railway line during use, the vibration and load transfer when the train passes, etc. This gap can cause a certain relative displacement and deformation between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200, thereby reducing stress concentration and improving the stability of the railway line. In addition, the gap between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200 can also allow the track line to undergo a certain deformation and adjustment during use to adapt to different environments and operating conditions.

[0054] Among them, in the elastic support block type ballastless track bed, the positions of the support block 200 and the sleeper 100 are usually relatively fixed and arranged according to the design requirements. The support block 200 is usually located below the sleeper 100 to provide elastic support and shock absorption functions. The connection between the support block 200 and the sleeper 100 is usually fixed by a pre-designed connection hole or groove. The purpose of this arrangement is to effectively reduce noise and vibration and improve the comfort and safety of railway operation. In this embodiment, there is no restriction on the connection method of the support block 200 and the sleeper 100.

[0055] Among them, the track height can be precisely controlled by increasing or decreasing the number and height of the support blocks 200. First, the track height and inclination need to be measured according to the design requirements to determine the position and number of support blocks 200 that need to be added or subtracted. Then, the support blocks 200 are placed on the installation position of the roadbed 420 and are completely fitted with the installation position. Finally, the support blocks 200 are fixed to the roadbed 420 with bolts to ensure that the height and flatness of the track meet the design requirements.

[0056] Among them, as an optional implementation, the support block 200 selects a concrete support block, which has high bearing capacity and stability. An elastic cushion layer is arranged under the support block 200. After the height, level and gauge of the support block 200 are adjusted, the ballast bed concrete is poured on site to wrap the support block 200 together with the boot 300.

[0057] In some embodiments, the edge extending along the length direction of the sleeper 100 protrudes from the corresponding edge of the support block 200 ; the waterproof portion extends along the length direction of the sleeper 100 .

[0058] The overshoe 300 is U-shaped and is arranged around the supporting block 200. Therefore, in order to prevent water from entering the gap between the overshoe 300 and the supporting block 200, the waterproof part should be arranged at the four corners of the sleeper 100 to achieve an effective waterproof effect.

[0059] In some embodiments, there are multiple waterproof parts, and the waterproof parts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sleeper 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, the waterproof portion includes a groove 112 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the structure of the sleeper 100 is designed as a "house eaves" type, the support block 200 is shielded under the sleeper 100, and the edge of the sleeper 100 facing the rail 410 is set in an arc. When the accumulated water on the edge of the sleeper 100 drips downward, the accumulated water will flow from the top of the sleeper 100 to the length direction of the sleeper 100 along the shape of the arc. Due to the presence of the groove 112, the accumulated water drips downward along the edge of the groove 112, such as Figure 5As shown, the accumulated water is prevented from entering the gap between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200, so as to play an effective waterproof role.

[0062] In some embodiments, the waterproof portion further includes an extension section 111, and the extension section 111 is located on one side of the groove 112 close to the edge. Figure 3 As shown, the ratio of the dimensions of the extension section 111 and the groove 112 along the horizontal direction is 1.5:1-2.0:1.

[0063] Among them, in order to isolate the accumulated water, change the direction of water flow and increase the water resistance so that the accumulated water does not flow inward along the length direction of the sleeper 100, the size of the groove 112 should be selected based on actual conditions. Generally, the depth and width of the groove 112 should not be less than 1 cm.

[0064] In this embodiment, the size of the extension section 111 is 2 cm, and the size of the groove 112 in the horizontal direction is 1 cm, so that the accumulated water can slide down the groove 112 and will not flow across the groove 112 into the gap between the support block 200 and the overshoe 300.

[0065] In some embodiments, the waterproof portion includes a protrusion 310 , and the protrusion 310 is located on a side of the gap close to the edge.

[0066] As an optional implementation, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 310 is semicircular. The purpose of such a configuration is to reduce stress concentration, reduce the risk of crack propagation, and improve the mechanical properties of the protrusion 310 .

[0067] Among them, as an optional embodiment, the protrusion 310 can be set on the overshoe 300, or on the sleeper 100, so as to intercept the accumulated water outside the overshoe 300 or the sleeper 100, so as to prevent the accumulated water from entering the gap 210 between the overshoe 300 and the support block 200 from the edge of the sleeper 100, thereby causing damage to the overshoe 300.

[0068] The higher the height of the protrusion 310 is, the more water can be blocked from passing through. However, as the height of the protrusion 310 increases, the center of gravity of the protrusion 310 is easily higher and bent. Therefore, in this embodiment, the boot 300 is made of stainless steel, which has higher strength and is not easy to deform.

[0069] The protrusion 310 may be integrally formed with the overshoe 300, which is beneficial to improving the strength of the protrusion 310, or may be bonded to the overshoe 300 by gluing, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and replacement and has good flexibility.

[0070] In some embodiments, the protrusion 310 includes a first protrusion 311 and a second protrusion 312, the first protrusion 311 is arranged on the sleeper 100, and the second protrusion 312 is arranged on the overshoe 300, and along the direction from the overshoe 300 to the sleeper 100, the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 are mutually staggered. Figure 6 As shown, the purpose of such a configuration is to avoid contact between the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 , to avoid wear of the contact surfaces of the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 , and to ensure the reliability and waterproof effect of the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 .

[0071] In some embodiments, the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first protrusion 311 abuts against the second protrusion 312. Figure 7 shown.

[0072] The purpose of such arrangement is that by arranging the first protrusion 311 and the second protrusion 312 opposite to each other, the distance between the sleeper 100 and the overshoe 300 can be increased, more accumulated water can be blocked, and a better waterproof effect can be achieved.

[0073] As an optional implementation, the surface of the protrusion 310 may be coated with a waterproof layer. The purpose of such a configuration is to prevent accumulated water from penetrating into the interior of the protrusion 310, thereby achieving a better waterproof effect.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application provides a track support structure 10, comprising a sleeper 100, a support block 200 and a boot 300, wherein the support block 200 is arranged below the sleeper 100, the edge of the sleeper 100 protrudes from the edge of the support block 200, and the boot 300 covers the side of the support block 200 away from the sleeper 100; there is a gap between the support block 200 and the boot 300, and a waterproof portion is arranged on the edge of the sleeper 100 facing the support block 200, which is used to prevent the accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper 100. In this way, by adopting the design of arranging the waterproof portion at the edge of the sleeper 100 facing the support block 200, the function of diversion is achieved, so that the accumulated water changes its original flow direction when encountering the waterproof portion, and flows downward under the action of gravity, so as to prevent the accumulated water from flowing along the length direction of the sleeper 100 into the gap 210 between the boot 300 and the support block 200. Compared with the traditional track support structure, the present structure has a better waterproof effect, can extend the service life of the boot, and improve the stability of the boot.

[0075] A track system in this embodiment is further described below.

[0076] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a track system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a track system 400, such as Figure 8 As shown, it includes: a rail 410, a ballast bed 420 and the above-mentioned track support structure 10, the rail 410 is fixedly arranged above the sleeper 100, and the track support structure 10 is arranged on the ballast bed 420. Among them, the specific structure, function and working principle of the track support structure 10 have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] Among them, the track system 400 in this embodiment includes but is not limited to high-speed railways, intercity railways, trams, etc., has good waterproof performance and strong stability, can ensure the safety and reliability of the track system 400, and extend the service life of the track.

[0079] In some embodiments, the track bed 420 has an inclined surface 421 , and an end of the inclined surface 421 close to the track support structure 10 is higher than an end of the inclined surface 421 away from the track support structure 10 , and the slope of the inclined surface 421 is 5%-10%.

[0080] The purpose of setting the inclined surface 421 on the surface of the roadbed 420 is to drain the water falling on the surface of the roadbed 420 in time, so as to reduce the effect of water on the roadbed 420 and ensure the durability of its concrete structure. The size of the inclined surface 421 should be determined according to the specific track structure type. If conditions permit, a larger transverse inclined surface should be used as much as possible to facilitate drainage. The direction of the inclined surface 421 should point to the location of the drainage system of the lower structure. In this embodiment, the slope of the inclined surface 421 is selected to be 6%.

[0081] A supporting layer is provided between the roadbed 420 and the roadbed. The purpose of such provision is that the supporting layer has the characteristics of good water resistance, high strength, etc., and has excellent durability and compression resistance, and can withstand greater pressure and external loads.

[0082] The track system 400 further includes an elastic fastener 430 , which is passed between the rail 410 and the sleeper 100 and is used to connect the rail 410 to the sleeper 100 . The elastic fastener 430 has certain elasticity and durability and can provide certain elastic support when a train passes by.

[0083] The sleeper 100 not only supports the rail 410, but also maintains the position of the rail 410, and also transmits the huge pressure transmitted by the rail to the roadbed 420. It must have a certain degree of flexibility and elasticity, so that when the train passes, it can be deformed appropriately to buffer the pressure, but it must be restored to its original state as much as possible after the train passes, that is, it must have the ability to resist lateral and longitudinal displacement, and must be strong and elastic.

[0084] Among them, as an optional implementation, the sleeper 100 is a concrete sleeper. The purpose of this setting is that the concrete sleeper has greater lateral and longitudinal resistance and a higher elastic modulus, which can ensure that the track elasticity is more uniform. In addition, the concrete sleeper also has the advantages of high rigidity, relatively smooth rail bottom deflection, and small dynamic slope.

[0085] It should be noted that the embodiments represented by "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc. mentioned in the specification may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments that are explicitly or not explicitly described.

[0086] In general, terms should be understood, at least in part, by the context in which they are used. For example, the terms "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense, depending, at least in part, on the context. Similarly, terms such as "an" may also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending, at least in part, on the context.

[0087] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in the present disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above” or “over something” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0088] In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "below," "beneath," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may likewise be interpreted accordingly.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A track support structure, characterized in that: It includes a sleeper, a support block and a boot, wherein the support block is arranged below the sleeper, the edge of the sleeper protrudes from the edge of the support block, and the boot covers the side of the support block away from the sleeper; there is a gap between the support block and the boot, and a waterproof part is arranged on the edge of the sleeper facing the support block to prevent accumulated water from entering the gap along the edge of the sleeper.

2. The track support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An edge extending along the length direction of the sleeper protrudes from a corresponding edge of the support block; The waterproof part extends along the length direction of the sleeper, or there are multiple waterproof parts, and the waterproof parts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sleeper.

3. The track support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof portion includes a groove.

4. The track support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waterproof portion further comprises an extension section, and the extension section is located on one side of the groove close to the edge of the sleeper; The ratio of the dimensions of the extension section and the groove in the horizontal direction is 1.5:1-2.0:

1.

5. The track support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof portion includes a protrusion, and the protrusion is located at a side of the gap close to an edge of the sleeper.

6. The track support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protrusion is arranged on the sleeper.

7. The track support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protrusion is arranged on the overshoe.

8. The track support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protrusion includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the first protrusion is arranged on the sleeper, and the second protrusion is arranged on the overshoe. Along the direction from the overshoe to the sleeper, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are staggered with each other, or the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged opposite to each other, and the first protrusion abuts against the second protrusion.

9. A track system, characterized in that: include: A rail, a ballast bed and a track support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rail is fixedly arranged above the sleeper and the track support structure is arranged on the ballast bed.

10. The rail system according to claim 9, characterized in that The track bed has an inclined surface, an end of the inclined surface close to the track support structure is higher than an end of the inclined surface away from the track support structure, and the slope of the inclined surface is 5%-10%.

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