Super capacitor with fully-sealed structure

Abstract

A super capacitor with a fully-sealed structure comprises a shell with a containing cavity formed inside, a battery cell arranged in the containing cavity, an upper current collecting block and a lower current collecting block which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery cell respectively, an upper cover which is arranged at the top of the shell and seals the containing cavity, and a flow guide pipe arranged in the containing cavity. The flow guide pipe extends downwards from the upper cover to penetrate through the bottom of the shell; by limiting the structure of the super capacitor, introducing the flow guide pipe and correspondingly improving the structure of each component, the problem that the sealing performance is reduced due to the fact that the permanent compression deformation rate of sealing rubber is reduced along with time and high-temperature aging is solved, and a cooling liquid or cooling gas inlet and outlet can be formed in the two ends of the flow guide pipe of the formed capacitor. The problem that raw materials in the center of a battery cell are aged due to the fact that heat energy accumulates easily during large-current charging and discharging of the super capacitor is solved, the large-current charging and discharging capacity of the super capacitor is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of supercapacitor preparation, and in particular relates to a supercapacitor with a fully sealed structure. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging advanced energy storage device, supercapacitors have both the high power characteristics of traditional capacitors and the high energy characteristics of batteries. Due to its unique high specific power, large current discharge capability, ultra-low temperature characteristics, high reliability and green environmental protection, it has been widely used and developed in many fields such as electricity, transportation, communications, energy, aviation, etc.

[0003] Existing supercapacitors use rubber as sealing material, but sealing rubber has poor tolerance to high temperature, ultraviolet rays, oxygen, ozone, environmental humidity, mechanical stress, etc. High temperature, ultraviolet rays, and high oxygen environment will cause the cracking and cross-linking of rubber molecular chains, causing changes in the performance of rubber materials, such as hardening and deformation. The impact of humidity on rubber seals is mainly reflected in the water-soluble substances in rubber being dissolved by water, or alternating with atmospheric exposure, which will cause the destruction of rubber seals. Under the frequent action of mechanical stress, rubber will continue to deform and move, resulting in hysteresis, increased internal friction, and internal heat generation, which will accelerate the aging process of rubber seals, causing the sealing of supercapacitors to decrease and leakage and other abnormalities. Secondly, supercapacitors are very likely to cause heat accumulation in situations such as smart grids that require continuous high-power charging and discharging to balance grid fluctuations, especially in the center of the supercapacitor cell, causing irreversible aging and decomposition of local electrolytes, binders and other materials of supercapacitors, aggravating the reduction of life and electrical performance decay, which needs further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a super capacitor with a fully sealed structure.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fully sealed supercapacitor comprises a shell with a receiving cavity formed therein, a battery cell arranged in the receiving cavity, an upper collector block and a lower collector block respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery cell, an upper cover arranged at the top of the shell to seal the receiving cavity, and a flow guide pipe arranged in the receiving cavity, wherein the flow guide pipe extends downward from the upper cover to pass through the bottom of the shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide pipe includes a guide pipe body and an upper connecting sleeve and a lower connecting sleeve respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the guide pipe body, a lower positioning hole for the lower connecting sleeve to be embedded is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, and an upper positioning hole for the upper connecting sleeve to be embedded is formed on the upper cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper cover includes an upper cover body, a negative electrode column arranged in the middle of the upper cover body, and a plurality of positive electrode columns arranged around the negative electrode column, and the upper positioning hole extends vertically downward from the top surface of the negative electrode column.

[0009] Furthermore, the negative electrode column includes a negative electrode column body arranged on the top surface of the upper cover body and a plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts circumferentially distributed on the bottom surface of the upper cover body.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper current collecting block includes an upper current collecting block body and a plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts circumferentially distributed on the top of the upper current collecting block body and connected to the plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts, and the inner side surface of the lower connecting part is fittedly connected to the outer side surface of the upper connecting part.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper current collecting block further comprises a plurality of upper leakage hole groups circumferentially distributed on the upper current collecting block body and a plurality of upper welding holes respectively arranged between two adjacent upper leakage hole groups.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper leakage hole group includes a plurality of upper leakage holes distributed in the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of upper leakage holes increase sequentially in the radial direction outward.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower collecting block includes a lower collecting block body, a positioning groove arranged on the lower collecting block body for embedding the lower end of the power core, a clearance hole arranged in the middle of the positioning groove for the lower end of the guide tube to pass through, and a plurality of lower leakage hole groups circumferentially distributed in the positioning groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower leakage hole group includes a plurality of lower leakage holes distributed in the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of lower leakage holes increase radially outward.

[0015] Furthermore, a supporting boss extending upward for supporting the lower current collecting block is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity.

[0016] It can be seen from the above description of the utility model that compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the present application is provided with a flow guide pipe extending downward from the upper cover and penetrating the bottom of the shell. When in use, the coolant circulation device can be connected to the upper and lower holes. When it is monitored that the capacitor is used at high power and the temperature rises to a certain value, the coolant circulation device is started, and the heat at the center of the battery cell where heat energy is accumulated is conducted to the coolant through the flow guide pipe and taken out. The coolant circulation replaces the heat energy, reduces the temperature of the capacitor cell, and inhibits the aging of materials such as electrolyte and adhesive caused by local high temperature, as well as the rate of occurrence of related chemical side reactions;

[0017] The upper cover and the bottom of the accommodating cavity are respectively provided with an upper positioning hole and a lower positioning hole that cooperate with the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting sleeve. When the capacitor is prepared, the capacitor can be placed flat, the upper positioning hole is connected to the injection pipe, and the lower positioning hole is connected to the vacuum pipe. Before injection, the injection pipe valve is first closed, and the vacuum pipe valve is opened to evacuate the capacitor. When the air pressure in the shell drops to a certain value, the vacuum pipe valve is closed, the injection pipe valve is opened, and a quantitative electrolyte is injected before the injection pipe valve is closed. This operation process can be performed multiple times in a short time, and the electrolyte can be quickly infiltrated into the battery core, which greatly improves the efficiency of the injection process and the infiltration degree of the battery core, avoids insufficient electrolyte infiltration of the local battery core, resulting in a reduction in the transmission path of anions and cations, and it becomes difficult to embed and remove from the activated carbon pores, resulting in an increase in the resistance of the capacitor, and excessive heat is generated during the charging and discharging process, further affecting the performance and life of the capacitor;

[0018] The upper cover and the upper current collecting block are connected by an upper connecting part and a lower connecting part which are arranged opposite to each other, and a blank area is left between two adjacent upper connecting parts or two adjacent lower connecting parts. When injecting liquid, the electrolyte can leak to various places in the shell through the blank area, thereby avoiding the accumulation of electrolyte in the middle of the battery cell, and improving the efficiency of the injection process after injection;

[0019] In the present application, the outer shell, battery cells, upper current collecting block, lower current collecting block and upper cover are connected together by a metal welding process to form a continuous and uninterrupted metal structure with extremely high strength and stability. It can achieve complete fusion between metal parts to form a dense metal weld, which can withstand high temperature and corrosive environment, thereby providing excellent sealing performance and service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural sectional view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation methods.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, a fully sealed structure supercapacitor includes a shell 1 with a accommodating cavity 11 formed therein, a battery cell 2 arranged in the accommodating cavity 11, an upper collector block 3 and a lower collector block 4 respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery cell 2, an upper cover 5 arranged at the top of the shell 1 to seal the accommodating cavity 11, and a flow guide tube 6 arranged in the accommodating cavity 11.

[0028] The guide tube 6 extends downward from the upper cover 5 and passes through the upper collector block 3, the battery cell 2, the lower collector block 5 in sequence to the bottom of the housing 1, and includes a guide tube body 61 and an upper connecting sleeve 62 and a lower connecting sleeve 63 respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the guide tube body 61. Correspondingly, a lower positioning hole 12 for the lower connecting sleeve 63 to be embedded is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity 11, and an upper positioning hole 54 for the upper connecting sleeve 62 to be embedded is formed on the upper cover 5. Specifically, the guide tube 6 uses special ceramics as a substrate, and a conductive metal layer is coated on the upper connecting sleeve 62 and the lower connecting sleeve 63 by vapor deposition, wherein the special ceramic can be selected from a material with strong mechanical hardness. , wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and thermally conductive alumina ceramics or aluminum nitride ceramics, etc.; through the additional guide tube 6, when in use, a coolant circulation device can be connected between the upper connecting sleeve 62 and the lower connecting sleeve 63. When it is monitored that the capacitor is used at high power and the temperature rises to a certain value, the coolant circulation device is started, and the heat at the center of the battery cell where heat energy accumulates is conducted to the coolant through the guide tube 6 with strong thermal conductivity and taken out. The coolant circulation replaces the heat energy, reduces the temperature of the capacitor cell, and inhibits the aging of materials such as electrolyte and adhesive caused by local high temperature, as well as the rate of related chemical side reactions.

[0029] The upper collecting block 3 includes an upper collecting block body 31, a plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts 32 circumferentially distributed on the top of the upper collecting block body 31, a plurality of upper leakage hole groups circumferentially distributed on the upper collecting block body 31 around the plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts 32, a plurality of upper welding holes 34 respectively arranged between two adjacent upper leakage hole groups, and a through hole 35 arranged in the middle of the upper collecting block body 31 for the guide tube 6 to pass through. Specifically, the upper leakage hole group includes a plurality of upper leakage holes 33 distributed along the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of upper leakage holes 33 increase successively along the radial outward direction; further, the plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts 32 are arranged around the through hole 35.

[0030] The lower collecting block 4 includes a lower collecting block body 41, a positioning groove 42 arranged on the lower collecting block body 41 for embedding the lower end of the power core 2, a clearance hole 43 arranged in the middle of the positioning groove 42 for the lower end of the guide tube 6 to pass through, and a plurality of lower leakage hole groups distributed circumferentially in the positioning groove 42; specifically, the lower leakage hole group includes a plurality of lower leakage holes 44 distributed along the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of lower leakage holes 44 increase successively along the radial direction outward; further, a supporting boss 13 extending upward to support the lower collecting block 4 is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity 11.

[0031] The upper cover 5 includes an upper cover body 51, a negative electrode column 52 arranged in the middle of the upper cover body 51, and a plurality of positive electrode columns 53 arranged around the negative electrode column 52, wherein the upper positioning hole 54 extends vertically downward from the top surface of the negative electrode column 52; specifically, the negative electrode column 52 includes a negative electrode column body 521 arranged on the top surface of the upper cover body 51 and a plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts 522 distributed circumferentially on the bottom surface of the upper cover body 51, wherein the plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts 522 are opposite to the plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts 32 one by one, and the inner side surface of the lower connecting part 32 is fitted and connected to the outer side surface of the upper connecting part 522; when the capacitor is assembled, the upper connecting part 522 is embedded in the lower connecting part 32. On the other side, through the blank area between the two connecting parts, laser brazing is used to weld the upper connecting part 522 and the lower connecting part 32 together to complete the connection between the upper cover 5 and the upper collecting block 3; and after the welding is completed, a blank area is still left. When injecting liquid, the electrolyte can seep into various places in the shell through the blank area, avoiding the accumulation of electrolyte in the middle of the battery cell, and improving the efficiency of the injection process; further, the upper cover 5 uses special ceramics with good insulation, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance as the substrate, and performs local vapor deposition to evenly coat the conductive metal layer on the preset area, and at the same time, the middle area where the positive electrode column 53 and the negative electrode column 52 are welded is coated with insulating material.

[0032] The supercapacitor preparation process defined in this application is as follows:

[0033] Step 1: First, the battery cell 2 is chamfered and then laser welded to the upper collector block 3 and the lower collector block 4 respectively, and the upper cover 5 and the upper collector block 3 are inserted into the upper connecting part 522 and the lower connecting part 32 and then laser welded;

[0034] Step 2: Place the battery cell 3 with the upper current collector 3 and the lower current collector 4 welded into the housing 1, perform laser penetration welding on the lower current collector 4 and the housing 1, and connect the upper cover 5 and the housing 1 by brazing;

[0035] Step three, put the capacitor that has completed the above process into a vacuum drying cabinet for drying, and after drying, lay the capacitor flat, connect the upper positioning hole 54 to the electrolyte injection pipeline, and connect the lower positioning hole 12 to the vacuum pipeline; before liquid injection, first close the liquid injection pipeline valve, open the vacuum pipeline valve, and vacuum the capacitor. When the air pressure in the shell drops to a certain value, close the vacuum pipeline valve, open the liquid injection pipeline valve, inject a certain amount of electrolyte, and then close the liquid injection pipeline valve. This operation process can be performed multiple times in a short time, and the liquid injection-vacuuming cycle operation can be completed quickly multiple times so that the electrolyte can fully infiltrate the entire battery core in a short time;

[0036] Step 4, after the liquid injection is completed, the guide tube 6 is inserted from the upper positioning hole 54 and connected to the lower positioning hole 12 at the bottom of the shell 1, and then the upper connecting sleeve 62 and the upper positioning hole 54, and the lower connecting sleeve 13 and the lower positioning hole 12 are connected by brazing to obtain a defined fully sealed structure supercapacitor.

[0037] In summary, the present application solves the problem of decreased sealing due to the reduction in permanent compression deformation rate of the sealing rubber over time and high-temperature aging by limiting the structure of the supercapacitor, introducing the flow guide tube 6 and improving the structure of each component accordingly. After molding, the capacitor can be provided with a coolant or cooling gas inlet and outlet at both ends of the flow guide tube 6, thereby solving the problem of aging of raw materials at the center of the cell where heat energy is easily accumulated during high-current charging and discharging of the supercapacitor, improving the high-current charging and discharging capability of the supercapacitor and extending its service life.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of application of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully sealed supercapacitor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell with a receiving cavity formed inside, a battery cell arranged in the receiving cavity, an upper collecting block and a lower collecting block respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the battery cell, an upper cover arranged at the top of the shell to seal the receiving cavity, and a flow guide pipe arranged in the receiving cavity, wherein the flow guide pipe extends downward from the upper cover to pass through the bottom of the shell.

2. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide pipe includes a guide pipe body and an upper connecting sleeve and a lower connecting sleeve respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the guide pipe body. The bottom of the accommodating cavity is formed with a lower positioning hole for the lower connecting sleeve to be embedded, and the upper cover is formed with an upper positioning hole for the upper connecting sleeve to be embedded.

3. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover comprises an upper cover body, a negative pole arranged in the middle of the upper cover body and a plurality of positive poles arranged around the negative pole, and the upper positioning hole extends vertically downward from the top surface of the negative pole.

4. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The negative electrode column comprises a negative electrode column body arranged on the top surface of the upper cover body and a plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts circumferentially distributed on the bottom surface of the upper cover body.

5. The fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper current collecting block comprises an upper current collecting block body and a plurality of fan-shaped lower connecting parts circumferentially distributed on the top of the upper current collecting block body and connected to the plurality of fan-shaped upper connecting parts. The inner side surface of the lower connecting part is fittedly connected to the outer side surface of the upper connecting part.

6. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper current collecting block further comprises a plurality of upper liquid leakage hole groups circumferentially distributed on the upper current collecting block body and a plurality of upper welding holes respectively arranged between two adjacent upper liquid leakage hole groups.

7. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper leakage hole group includes a plurality of upper leakage holes distributed in the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of upper leakage holes increase sequentially in the radial direction outward.

8. The fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower current collecting block comprises a lower current collecting block body, a positioning groove arranged on the lower current collecting block body for embedding the lower end of the power core, a clearance hole arranged in the middle of the positioning groove for the lower end of the guide pipe to pass through, and a plurality of lower leakage hole groups circumferentially distributed in the positioning groove.

9. A fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower leakage hole group includes a plurality of lower leakage holes distributed in the radial direction, and the diameters of the plurality of lower leakage holes increase radially outward.

10. The fully sealed supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting boss extending upward for supporting the lower current collecting block is formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity.

Images