Large-span roadway intersection area supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-span roadway intersection area supporting structure, and belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting. Comprising a large-span roadway conventional area supporting structure and a large-span roadway intersection area supporting structure. The large-span roadway conventional area supporting structure comprises an alternate stepping type supporting structure and a permanent anchoring support. According to the large-span roadway intersection area supporting structure, the supporting strength of a conventional area and an intersection area of a large-span roadway can be effectively improved, and the life safety of underground workers can be guaranteed under the condition that it is guaranteed that the roadway is safely supported all the time through the segmented design of the supporting structure; meanwhile, the roadway tunneling efficiency can be improved, the supporting work time is effectively shortened, and the safe, efficient and green production target of mines is met. The whole structure of the device is strong in applicability, and can achieve a good effect in the processes of large-span roadway tunneling and later operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a support structure for the intersection area of large-span roadways. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the production requirements of high-yield and high-efficiency mines and adapt to the use of large-scale mining equipment and auxiliary transportation equipment in mines, a double-lane or multi-lane layout is usually adopted. The roadway section is large and a roadheader-anchoring machine is used to achieve rapid roadway tunneling. Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the cross-connection roadway formed during the double-lane or multi-lane tunneling process and the large-span roadway intersection area (hereinafter referred to as the large-span roadway intersection area) are often the key and difficult points of support. Due to the unreasonable support structure and support strength, roof fall or rib spalling is likely to occur, which is not conducive to the safe and efficient mining of mines, and even more seriously, it will even threaten the lives of underground workers. Therefore, a support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area is proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the above technical problems and provide a support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area to solve the technical problems that affect the safe and efficient production of mines and the lives of personnel mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area includes a support structure for the conventional area of the large-span roadway and a support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area;

[0006] The support structure for the conventional area of the large-span roadway includes an alternating step-by-step support structure and a permanent anchorage support;

[0007] The alternating step-by-step support structure includes a roof beam, a base, a hinged beam, a telescopic sleeve, a retaining wall plate and a column. The upper side of the roof beam is hinged to the rear side of the retaining wall plate, and the lower end of the roof beam is hinged to the front end of the retaining wall plate through a retaining wall plate jack. The upper end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged to the hinged beam, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base. The upper end of the column is hinged to the hinged beam, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base.

[0008] Preferably, the permanent anchorage support adopts a combined support structure of anchor nets, cables and W-shaped steel belts.

[0009] Preferably, the support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area is a combined support structure of pipe shed advanced support, anchor bolts, cable beam and shotcrete.

[0010] Preferably, the pipe shed for the pipe shed advanced support is a black iron pipe with a specification of Φ40mm×2000mm.

[0011] Preferably, the pipe-roof and the bolts are arranged crosswise.

[0012] After adopting the above structure, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] A support structure for the intersection area of a large-span roadway provided by the utility model can effectively improve the support strength of the connection roadway and the opening area of the large-span intersection. By segmentally designing the support structure, it can not only ensure that the roadway is always under safe support to guarantee the life safety of underground workers, but also improve the roadway tunneling efficiency, effectively reduce the support operation man-hours, and meet the tunneling and production goals of mine safety, high efficiency and greenness. The overall structure of the utility model has strong applicability and can play a good role in the process of roadway tunneling and later operation and maintenance.

[0014] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the utility model will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation engineering background of a support structure for the intersection area of a large-span roadway of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure in the conventional area of a support structure for the intersection area of a large-span roadway of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure in the advanced support area of the conventional area support structure;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure in the permanent support area of the conventional area support structure;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the combined support structure of pipe-roof advanced support, bolts, cable beams and shotcrete in the support structure for the intersection area of a large-span roadway.

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Roof beam; 2. Base; 3. Articulated beam; 4. Telescopic sleeve; 6. Shaft wall panel; 7. Column; 9. Shaft wall panel jack; 10. Support moving jack; 11. Floor lifting jack; 12. Floor adjusting jack. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] The following further describes the present utility model in detail in combination with the full text.

[0025] Combined with the attached Figures 1 - 5 , a support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area, including:

[0026] S1. Support structure for the conventional area of the large-span roadway;

[0027] S2. Support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area;

[0028] The support structure for the conventional area of the large-span roadway includes an alternating stepping support structure and a permanent anchorage support;

[0029] The alternating stepping support structure includes a roof beam, a base, an articulated beam, a telescopic sleeve, a shaft wall panel and a column. The upper end of the side of the roof beam is hinged to the rear side of the shaft wall panel, and the lower end of the roof beam is hinged to the front end of the shaft wall panel through a shaft wall panel jack. The upper end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged to the articulated beam, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base. The upper end of the column is hinged to the articulated beam, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base.

[0030] The permanent anchorage support adopts a combined support structure of anchor nets, cables and W-shaped steel belts.

[0031] The support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area is a combined support structure of pipe shed advanced support, anchor bolts, cable beam and shotcrete.

[0032] The pipe shed selected for the advanced pipe shed support is a black iron pipe with a specification of Φ40mm×2000mm.

[0033] The pipe shed and the bolt are arranged crosswise.

[0034] When the present utility model is specifically implemented, the top beam has a variable cross-section box structure as the main load-bearing component. The base is installed with a support moving jack, a bottom lifting jack, and a bottom adjusting jack. Two top beams are connected to the articulated beam.

[0035] In S1, for the rapid tunneling operation of the large-span roadway, a rapid tunneling system of a roadheader-anchor rig is mainly used, which is mainly composed of a tunneling system, an advanced support system, an anchoring system, and a transportation system. Among them, the conventional support of the large-span roadway can be subdivided into two major areas: the advanced support area (temporary support area) and the permanent anchoring support area. The advanced support area adopts an alternating stepping support structure, and the permanent anchoring support area adopts a combined support structure of anchor mesh cable + W-shaped steel strip.

[0036] The alternating stepping support structure provides temporary support for the tunneling face area. It can quickly adapt to the complex changes in the geological conditions of the coal mine roadway, adapt to the influence of factors such as the irregularity of the surface shapes of the roof and side walls, and has the advantages of large support strength and wide support range. The adopted stepping advanced support structure is composed of a top beam, a base, an articulated beam, a telescopic sleeve, a protective wall panel, a counterweight plate, and a hydraulic system. It is arranged between the tunneling system and the anchoring system. By operating the column lifting valve, the top beam is fully contacted with the roadway roof. According to the roadway width, the extension length of the front extension beam is adjusted to cover a large area of the roof area, and the protective wall panel covers the roadway side wall to prevent rib spalling. Facing the problems of undulation of the roof and floor and changes in the surface shape, the top beam and the protective wall panel adopt a multi-link structure. Only by simply adjusting the working parameters of the hydraulic system, such as the length and angle of the front extension beam, the angle of the protective wall panel, etc., can well adapt to the changes in the roadway and achieve the best advanced support effect. In addition, using the stepping motion system can ensure that the advanced support structure advances synchronously with the roadheader-anchor rig, providing a high-strength support effect while ensuring the tunneling efficiency.

[0037] The combined support structure of anchor mesh cable + W-shaped steel strip provides permanent support for the long-term operation and maintenance of the roadway. The combined support is carried out by using bolts, anchor cables, metal meshes, and W-shaped steel strips. The bolts at the top and the sides adopt BHRB500 threaded steel bolts, and the bolt specification is φ22×2300mm;

[0038] The anchor cable adopts a ∮21.6mm steel strand with a length of 6000mm, and is paired with a BHW-250-3.00 steel strip for enhanced support;

[0039] The top mesh sheet adopts a 5.5mm steel bar mesh with a grid of 100×100mm, and the mesh sheet lap length is 100mm;

[0040] The help mesh is made of 8# diamond wire mesh with a mesh size of 200×200mm and a mesh lap length of 200mm. The row and interval distances of bolts and cable bolts are determined according to the support strength theory calculation method.

[0041] As a further optimization of this technical solution: in S2, the support range in the large-span roadway intersection area increases with the increase of the turning angle. Due to the limitations of the step-by-step advanced support range and the turning difficulty, it is no longer applicable in the large-span opening area. A combined support structure of pipe shed advanced support, bolts, cable bolt beams and shotcrete is adopted.

[0042] The function of the pipe shed advanced support is to reinforce the surrounding rock, prevent rock blocks from falling, ensure the stability of the roadway and construction safety, and create favorable conditions for the subsequent secondary support. The selected specification of the pipe shed is a black iron pipe with a diameter of Φ40mm×2000mm, which is carried out synchronously with the turning tunneling process to reduce the roof-free area and roof-free time. The layout method is cross-arranged with bolts and cable bolts.

[0043] The bolt and cable bolt beam support structure provides permanent support for the long-term operation and maintenance of the roadway. It is arranged slightly behind the tunneling process in sequence. The bolts at the top and sides adopt BHRB500 threaded steel bolts with a bolt specification of φ22×2300mm; the cable bolts adopt ∮21.6mm steel strands with a length of 6000mm, and are paired with 14# U-shaped steel channels for enhanced support; the top mesh is made of 5.5mm steel mesh, and the side mesh is made of 8# diamond wire mesh.

[0044] The shotcrete support is carried out after the roadheader completes the cutting of the corner intersection, the pipe shed advanced support, and the bolt and cable bolt beam support. Before the shotcrete operation, check that the metal mesh and steel strips are evenly arranged and the lap meets the requirements. The roof-free and rib-free areas should be filled with non-combustible materials such as gangue and sandbags. To ensure the shotcrete support strength, the spraying thickness is not less than 100mm.

[0045] In S2, in the face of severe deformation of the roof or ribs at the corner, the density of the pipe shed advanced support can be increased, and single props can be added to enhance the support strength of the local area; for the significant phenomenon of deformation and damage of the surrounding rock in the local area, especially at the midpoint of the corner, the density of bolt support in the area can be increased, and grouting bolts can be added for grouting reinforcement treatment; in addition, the large-span roadway intersection area should avoid special geological structures such as geological change zones, roof fracture zones, and well-developed bedding fissures.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, in the process of double-lane or multi-lane tunneling, the connecting roadway formed, the belt conveyor roadway and the auxiliary transportation roadway are connected through the connecting roadway.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] As Figures 2 - 4 shown: A conventional area support structure (S1) in a support structure for a large-span roadway intersection area, and its specific composition is as follows:

[0049] A1. The rapid tunneling operation is carried out by using a continuous miner rapid tunneling system, which mainly consists of a tunneling system, an advanced support system, an anchoring system and a transportation system.

[0050] A2. Conventional support can be subdivided into two major areas: the advanced support area (temporary area) and the permanent anchoring support area. The advanced support area adopts an alternating stepping flexible support structure, and the permanent anchoring support area adopts a combined support structure of anchor mesh cable + W-shaped steel strip.

[0051] In this embodiment, specifically: in A1, the tunneling system consists of two main machines, the front main machine is mainly responsible for cutting, navigation and attitude adjustment, and the rear main machine receives the information from the front to complete the movement of the machine. The tunneling system adopts a three-stage cutting feed mode and a full-section scraping and hauling mode, and realizes the full-section autonomous cutting and scraping and hauling functions without adjusting the attitude of the main body of the tunneling machine. Moreover, the tunneling machine unit adopts a four-wheel drive form for the front and rear vehicles to ensure sufficient walking power.

[0052] In A2, the advanced support system is a part of the complete support structure in the present utility model. It adopts a stepping advanced support structure to provide temporary support for the tunneling heading area. It consists of a roof beam, a base, a hinge beam, a telescopic sleeve, a front extension beam, a retaining wall plate, a counterweight plate and a hydraulic system. The roof beam 1 has a variable cross-section box structure and is the main load-bearing component. The side of the roof beam 1 is hinged with a retaining wall plate 6 that can rotate freely. The hinge beam 3 is used to hinge the left and right roof beams to form a double roof beam structure. The upper end of the telescopic sleeve 4 is hinged with the hinge beam 3, and the lower end is hinged with the base 2. The base 2 adopts a box structure. The upper end of the column 7 is hinged with the hinge beam 3, and the other end is hinged with the hinge seat of the base 2, forming an assembly approximately in a trapezoidal structure, which is an important load-bearing component.

[0053] By operating the column lifting valve, the roof beam 1 of the support structure is fully contacted with the roadway roof, and the retaining wall plate 6 covers the side of the roadway to prevent sidewall caving. Facing the problems of undulation of the roof and floor and changes in the surface shape, only by simply adjusting the working parameters of the hydraulic system, such as the length of the front extension beam, the angle of the retaining wall plate, etc., can well adapt to the changes in the roadway and achieve the best advanced support effect. The advanced support structure is moved forward by adopting a stepping self-shifting mode to ensure that the advanced support structure can accurately reach the designated position. The advanced support structure constitutes the temporary support structure in the conventional area.

[0054] The stepping advanced support structure includes two parts: a metal structure part and a hydraulic system part. Among them, the metal structure part includes a roof beam 1, a base 2, a hinge beam 3, a telescopic sleeve 4, a retaining wall plate 6, a column 7, and the hydraulic system includes a retaining wall plate jack 9, a support moving jack 10, a floor lifting jack 11 and a floor adjusting jack 12.

[0055] The upper end of the side of the roof beam 1 is hinged to the rear side of the retaining wall panel 6, and the lower end is hinged to the front end of the retaining wall panel 6 through the retaining wall jack 9 to control the raising and lowering of the retaining wall panel 6; the articulated beam 3 hinges the left and right roof beams 1 to maintain the stability of the movement; the upper end of the telescopic sleeve 4 is hinged to the articulated beam 3, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base 2; the upper end of the column 7 is hinged to the articulated beam 3, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat of the base 2. The base 2 is equipped with a support moving jack 10, a bottom lifting jack 11 and a bottom adjusting jack 12, finally forming a complete advanced support system. The connections between metal structural members and between metal structural members and hydraulic jacks are all hinged by pin shafts, D-shaped pins and R-shaped pins; the hydraulic system pipelines are all connected by quick plugs, U-shaped clamps, etc.

[0056] The combined support structure of anchor net cable + W steel strip is another important part of the conventional area support, and the specific operation is completed by the anchoring system. The anchoring system is lapped on the connecting bridge of the front and rear main machines, and the function of synchronous walking of tunneling and anchoring can be realized, reducing the walking drive of the anchoring system, and the position of the tunneling and anchoring system is relatively fixed. The top and rib bolts use BHRB500 threaded steel bolts, and the bolt specification is φ22×2300mm; the cable bolts use ∮21.6mm steel strands with a length of 6000mm. According to the actual application project of this case, the row spacing of the top bolts is determined to be 1060mm×900mm, the row spacing of the rib bolts is 1100mm×900mm, and the row spacing of the cable bolts is 3000mm×2000mm. In the anchoring system, the top anchor drilling module, the side anchor drilling module and the cable bolt drilling module can not only adjust the spacing of the bolts (cable bolts), but also adjust the longitudinal row spacing to meet the support operation requirements under different geological conditions. The metal mesh and W steel strip are completed by manual operation, and the cable bolts cooperate with the BHW-250-3.00 steel strip to achieve enhanced support. The top mesh is made of 5.5mm steel bar mesh with a grid of 100×100mm and a mesh lap length of 100mm. The rib mesh is made of 8# diamond wire mesh with a grid of 200×200mm and a mesh lap length of 200mm. The above support parts together constitute the permanent anchoring support structure in the conventional area.

[0057] Embodiment 2:

[0058] As Figure 5 shown: A support structure (S2) for the large-span intersection opening area in the support structure of the large-span roadway intersection area, and its specific composition is as follows:

[0059] The support range of the large-span roadway intersection opening area increases with the increase of the turning angle. Due to the limitations of the support range and turning difficulty of the stepping type advanced support structure, it is no longer applicable in the large-span intersection opening area, and a combined support structure of pipe shed advanced support, anchor bolts, cable bolt beams and shotcrete is adopted.

[0060] A1. The function of the advanced pipe shed support is to reinforce the surrounding rock, prevent rock blocks from falling, ensure the stability of the roadway and construction safety, and create favorable conditions for the subsequent secondary support. The selected specification of the pipe shed is a black iron pipe with a diameter of Φ40mm and a length of 2000mm. It is carried out synchronously with the turning tunneling process to reduce the roofless area and roofless time. The layout method is cross-arranged with bolts and cable bolts. According to the conventional construction experience of the pipe shed and the actual situation of the application project in the embodiment, the pipe shed spacing is determined to be 0.2m, and the row spacing is 1m. In case of relatively broken sections, the pipe shed spacing is appropriately densified until the turning angle is passed.

[0061] A2. The bolt, cable bolt beam support completes the specific operation by the anchoring system. The anchoring system is lapped on the connecting bridge of the front and rear main machines, and the synchronous walking function of tunneling and anchoring can be realized, reducing the walking drive of the anchoring system, and the position of the tunneling and anchoring system is relatively fixed. The top and rib bolts use BHRB500 threaded steel bolts with a bolt specification of φ22×2300mm; the cable bolts use ∮21.6mm steel strands with a length of 6000mm. According to the actual situation of the application project in this case, the row and column spacing of the top bolts is determined to be 860mm×1250mm, arranged in three rows, and the quantity increases sequentially according to the span change, which are 7, 8, and 10 respectively; the row and column spacing of the rib bolts is 2264mm×1000mm (the bolt spacing at the turning angle is 13°); the cable bolts are also arranged in three rows, and the quantity increases sequentially according to the span change, which are 2, 3, and 5 respectively. In the anchoring system, the top anchor drill module, side anchor drill module, and cable bolt drill module can not only adjust the bolt (cable bolt) spacing but also adjust the longitudinal row spacing to meet the support operation requirements under different geological conditions. The metal mesh and U-shaped steel channels are completed by manual operation. The cable bolts cooperate with 14# U-shaped steel channels to achieve enhanced support. The top mesh is made of 5.5mm steel bar mesh with a grid of 100×100mm and a mesh lap length of 100mm. The rib mesh is made of 8# diamond wire mesh with a grid of 200×200mm and a mesh lap length of 200mm.

[0062] A3. The shotcrete support is carried out after the roadheader completes the cutting at the turning intersection, the advanced pipe shed support, and the bolt and cable bolt beam support. Before the shotcrete operation, check that the metal mesh and steel strips are evenly arranged and the lap meets the requirements. The roofless and ribless areas should be filled with non-combustible materials such as gangue and sandbags. To ensure the strength of the shotcrete support, the spraying thickness is not less than 100mm. The mixing ratio of the sprayed mortar: 560kg of 42.5R cement, 0.52m 3 of medium sand, 0.4m 3 of fine sand, 0.4m 3 of water (appropriately increased or decreased according to the actual spraying effect), and 18kg of accelerator are required for each cubic meter of mortar production.

[0063] It should be noted that: The series of support components such as BHRB500 threaded steel bolts, ∮21.6mm steel strands, BHW-250-3.00 steel belts, and 14# U-shaped steel channels selected for the present utility model are also an optimal solution of the present utility model. The present utility model can also adopt other similar devices, which will not be elaborated herein;

[0064] According to the actual usage situation, the support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area of the present utility model can achieve good support effects, and no roof fall or rib spalling occurs during the roadway tunneling process. It can be known from the long-term monitoring by relevant monitoring systems that during the later operation and maintenance process of the roadway, the maximum roof subsidence of the roadway is 130mm, and the maximum deformation of the two ribs is 85mm. The roof subsidence of the roadway does not exceed 3.25% of the roadway height, and the rib deformation does not exceed 1.42% of the roadway width. This shows that the support structure for the large-span roadway intersection area provided by the present utility model has remarkable support effects, can better control the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock, and conforms to the concept of safe and efficient mine production.

[0065] The above has described the present utility model and its implementation manners. Such a description is not restrictive. What is shown throughout the text is only one of the implementation manners of the present utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative efforts without departing from the creative purpose of the present utility model, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A large-span tunnel intersection area support structure, characterized in that: It includes conventional regional support structures of large-span tunnels and regional support structures of large-span tunnel intersections; The conventional regional support structure of the large-span tunnel includes an alternating stepping support structure and a permanent anchor support; The alternating stepping support structure comprises a top beam (1), a base (2), an articulated beam (3), a telescopic sleeve (4), a wall panel (6) and a column (7); the upper end of the side edge of the top beam (1) is hinged to the rear side of the wall panel (6), and the lower end of the top beam (1) is hinged to the front end of the wall panel (6) through a wall panel jack (9); the upper end of the telescopic sleeve (4) is hinged to the articulated beam (3), and the other end is hinged to the articulated seat of the base (2); the upper end of the column (7) is hinged to the articulated beam (3), and the other end is hinged to the articulated seat of the base (2).

2. A large-span tunnel intersection area support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent anchoring support adopts a combined support structure of anchor net cables and W steel belts.

3. A large-span tunnel intersection area support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure of the large-span tunnel intersection area is a pipe-roof advance support, anchor rods, anchor beams and shotcrete combined support structure.

4. A large-span tunnel intersection area support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pipe shed for the pipe shed advance support uses black iron pipes with a specification of Φ40mm×2000mm.

5. A large-span tunnel intersection area support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pipe rack and the anchor rods are arranged crosswise.

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