Fool-proof clamp for crankshaft spring hole machining
By designing crankshaft spring holes to process anti-free fixtures, adjusting the contact position between the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture, and treating thermal expansion through compression spring and chute structures, the problems of unstable processing quality and inaccurate positioning in the traditional crankshaft spring hole processing method are solved, and higher working efficiency and product quality are achieved, reducing the cost of rework and scrap.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421984956.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-16
AI Technical Summary
The traditional crankshaft spring hole processing method relies on the operator's skills and general fixtures, resulting in unstable processing quality and prone to dimensional errors and shape errors. Inaccurate positioning of general fixtures may lead to deviations in the position of the spring holes, affecting working efficiency and product quality.
A crankshaft spring hole processing anti-fault fixture is designed, including a base, a shell, a fixed lower fixture, a rotary shell, an upper fixture and a connecting rod. By adjusting the contact position between the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture, human error is reduced, and through the compression spring and sliding groove structure, the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion are adaptively processed to maintain stable clamping of the crankshaft.
By reducing human error, the fixture improves work efficiency and product quality, reduces the cost of rework and scrap, and improves drilling accuracy, avoiding the effects of clamping force changes and processing accuracy caused by thermal expansion.
Smart Images
Figure CN223012542U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crankshaft processing, in particular to an anti-fooling fixture for processing the spring holes of a crankshaft. Background Technique
[0002] The crankshaft spring hole is a component in an automobile engine. It is usually located at the front end or the middle of the crankshaft and is used to install the crankshaft position sensor.
[0003] When the crankshaft is processed and the spring hole is drilled, the crankshaft is fixed by clamping the crankshaft. The main function of the fixture is to fix the workpiece to ensure the stability and accuracy of the workpiece during the processing. A spring will be installed in the processed crankshaft spring hole to fix the crankshaft position sensor and ensure the relative position between the sensor and the crankshaft is accurate. In this way, the engine control unit can accurately control the working state of the engine according to the signal of the crankshaft position sensor.
[0004] Traditional methods for processing crankshaft spring holes mainly rely on the skills and experience of operators and the use of general fixtures. However, this method has some problems: First, due to the different skill levels of operators, the processing quality is uneven, and dimensional errors and shape and position errors are likely to occur; Second, the general fixture may have inaccurate positioning problems when clamping the crankshaft, resulting in position deviation of the processed spring holes, and even incorrect installation orientations, which are likely to lead to a decline in work efficiency and product quality and increase the costs of rework and waste products. In view of this, an anti-fooling fixture for processing crankshaft spring holes is provided to overcome the above defects. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art and propose an anti-fooling fixture for processing the spring holes of a crankshaft.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: An anti-fooling fixture for processing the spring holes of a crankshaft, including a base, a housing is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a fixed lower fixture is fixedly connected above the interior of the housing, a rotating housing is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the housing, a connecting rod is slidably connected to the middle of the interior of the rotating housing, upper fixtures are slidably connected to the left and right sides of the connecting rod, longitudinal limiting holes are opened on the left and right sides of the interior of the upper fixtures, first sawteeth are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the top of the fixed lower fixture, second sawteeth are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper fixtures, sliding grooves are opened on the left and right sides of the interior of the rotating housing, sliders are fixedly connected to the front and rear end faces on the left and right sides of the upper fixtures, heat insulation layers are arranged on the outer sides of the sliders, and compression springs are fixedly connected to the tops of the sliders.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The bottom of the rotating shell is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed lower fixture. The bottom of the upper fixture contacts the top of the fixed lower fixture. The first serrations and the second serrations mesh with each other. One end of the compression spring away from the slider is fixedly connected above the chute inside the rotating shell. The outside of the slider is slidably connected to the inside of the chutes on the left and right sides of the rotating shell. The front and rear ends of the upper fixture are slidably connected to the middle inside the rotating shell. According to different operation requirements, the contact position between the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture can be adjusted, which can reduce human errors to a certain extent, improve work efficiency and product quality, and at the same time reduce the costs of rework and waste products.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: Bolt reserved holes are provided at the four corners inside the base, the shell, the fixed lower fixture and the rotating shell. The top of the connecting rod is connected to a robotic arm that can rotate and extend. After adjusting the angle of the rotating shell by the bolt fixing method, bolts can be used for fixing. The clamping method is to drive the connecting rod and the upper fixture to slide up and down through the robotic arm.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: Four grooves for clamping the crankshaft are provided at the edge of the fixed lower fixture. The number of upper fixtures is two, and the upper fixtures are distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting rod. The rotating shell is provided with through grooves whose width and position are matched with the thickness and position of the upper fixture, which can allow the fixed lower fixture to adjust the different orientations of the upper fixture according to the actual situation. The crankshaft can only be inserted and fixed at the hole positions where the upper fixture contacts the fixed lower fixture. The left and right sides of the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture are in contact, and the front and rear sides of the fixed lower fixture are blocked by the arc at the bottom edge of the rotating shell, and the crankshaft cannot be inserted into the fixed lower fixture.
[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The number of the first serrations on the fixed lower fixture is eight, and the number of the second serrations at the bottom of the upper fixture is half of the number of the first serrations. The pitch between the first serrations and the second serrations is the same, and the first serrations and the second serrations are meshed with each other in an alternating manner. Through the meshing between the serrations, the stability of the rotating shell above the fixed lower fixture can be improved to a certain extent, avoiding the situation that the rotating shell is displaced due to the vibration generated during drilling after the drill bit is inserted into the limit hole, and improving the drilling accuracy to a certain extent.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The number of the sliders, the compression springs and the chutes is four. The sliders are distributed on the front and rear end faces of the two upper fixtures, and the chutes and the compression springs are distributed on the front and rear sides of the two through grooves inside the rotating shell. The left and right length of the slider is matched with the width of the chute. The compression spring can provide a certain elasticity, enabling the upper fixture to adapt to the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion, maintaining stable clamping of the crankshaft, and avoiding the situation that the surface of the crankshaft or the bottom of the upper fixture is deformed due to thermal expansion caused by the increase in temperature of the crankshaft and the upper fixture.
[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The heat insulation layer wraps around the remaining surfaces except the top of the slider, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is five millimeters. The outer side of the heat insulation layer contacts the inner wall of the chute on the inner side of the rotating shell, which can prevent the crankshaft clamped by the upper fixture from rapidly transferring heat to the entire upper fixture due to heat rise, and to a certain extent avoid the rapid transfer of heat on the surface of the crankshaft.
[0013] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0014] The anti-fooling fixture for machining the crankshaft spring hole designed by the utility model, through the design cooperation, enables the device to adjust the contact position between the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture according to different operation requirements. The crankshaft can only be inserted and fixed at the hole position where the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture are in contact. The left and right sides of the upper fixture and the fixed lower fixture are in contact, while the front and back sides of the fixed lower fixture are blocked by the arc of the bottom edge of the rotating shell, and the crankshaft cannot be inserted into the fixed lower fixture, which can reduce human errors to a certain extent, improve work efficiency and product quality, and at the same time reduce the costs of rework and scrap. At the same time, chutes are arranged on the left and right sides of the rotating shell. The inner sides of the chutes are connected to the sliders fixed on the front and rear end faces of the upper fixture through compression springs. The sliders can drive the upper fixture to slide a certain distance through the compression springs. When the spring hole is drilled in the crankshaft, the heat of the crankshaft itself is transferred to the position of the upper fixture, which is likely to cause the temperatures of both the upper fixture and the crankshaft to rise and thermal expansion to occur, which may lead to changes in the clamping force and affect the machining accuracy. The compression spring can provide a certain elasticity, enabling the upper fixture to adapt to the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion, maintain stable clamping of the crankshaft, and avoid the situation where the crankshaft and the upper fixture undergo thermal expansion due to temperature rise, resulting in deformation of the surface of the crankshaft or the bottom of the upper fixture. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 is the overall exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 is the longitudinal sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rotating shell of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the upper fixture of the utility model longitudinally flipped 180 degrees;
[0019] Figure 5 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the slider of the utility model.
[0020] Legend Explanation:
[0021] 1. Base; 2. Housing; 3. Fixed lower fixture; 4. Rotating housing; 5. Upper fixture; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Limiting hole; 8. First sawtooth; 9. Chute; 10. Slide block; 11. Compression spring; 12. Second sawtooth; 13. Heat insulation layer. Detailed implementation mode
[0022] Refer to Figures 1 - 5 , a foolproof fixture for machining the crankshaft spring hole provided by the present utility model includes a base 1, a housing 2 is arranged on the top of the base 1, a fixed lower fixture 3 is arranged above the inside of the housing 2, a rotating housing 4 is arranged in the middle of the top of the housing 2, the base 1, the housing 2, the fixed lower fixture 3 and the rotating housing 4 are all penetrated by bolts and tightened and fixed. The middle of the rotating housing 4 is penetrated and slid by a connecting rod 6. The left and right sides of the connecting rod 6 are penetrated by an upper fixture 5 and slide up and down. Longitudinal limiting holes 7 are opened on the left and right sides inside the upper fixture 5. The first sawtooth 8 is welded on the outer side of the top of the fixed lower fixture 3, the second sawtooth 12 is welded on the bottom of the upper fixture 5, chutes 9 are opened on the left and right sides inside the rotating housing 4, the front and rear end faces on the left and right sides of the upper fixture 5 are welded with slide blocks 10, a heat insulation layer 13 is arranged on the outer side of the slide block 10, a compression spring 11 is welded on the top end of the slide block 10, the bottom of the rotating housing 4 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed lower fixture 3, the bottom of the upper fixture 5 is in contact with the top of the fixed lower fixture 3, the first sawtooth 8 and the second sawtooth 12 are engaged with each other, the end of the compression spring 11 away from the slide block 10 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the chute 9 inside the rotating housing 4, the outer side of the slide block 10 slides inside the chutes 9 on the left and right sides inside the rotating housing 4, and the front and rear ends of the upper fixture 5 slide in the middle inside the rotating housing 4. According to different operation requirements, the contact position between the upper fixture 5 and the fixed lower fixture 3 can be adjusted, which can reduce human errors to a certain extent, improve work efficiency and product quality, and at the same time reduce the costs of rework and waste products.
[0023] As a further implementation of the above technical solution: Bolt reserved holes are opened at the four corners inside the base 1, the housing 2, the fixed lower fixture 3 and the rotating housing 4. The top of the connecting rod 6 is connected to a robotic arm that can rotate and extend. After adjusting the angle of the rotating housing 4 by the bolt fixing method, bolts can be used for fixing. The clamping method is to drive the connecting rod 6 and the upper fixture 5 to slide up and down by the robotic arm.
[0024] As a further implementation of the above technical solution: Four grooves for clamping the crankshaft are provided on the edge of the fixed lower fixture 3. The number of upper fixtures 5 is two, and the upper fixtures 5 are distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting rod 6. The rotating shell 4 is provided with a through groove whose width and position are both matched with the thickness and position of the upper fixture 5, allowing the fixed lower fixture 3 to adjust the different orientations of the upper fixture 5 according to the actual situation. The crankshaft can only be inserted and fixed at the hole positions where the upper fixture 5 contacts the fixed lower fixture 3. The upper fixture 5 contacts the left and right sides of the fixed lower fixture 3, and the front and rear sides of the fixed lower fixture 3 are blocked by the arc of the bottom edge of the rotating shell 4, preventing the crankshaft from being inserted into the fixed lower fixture 3.
[0025] As a further implementation of the above technical solution: The number of the first sawteeth 8 on the fixed lower fixture 3 is eight, and the number of the second sawteeth 12 at the bottom of the upper fixture 5 is half of the number of the first sawteeth 8. The pitch between the first sawteeth 8 and the second sawteeth 12 is the same, and the first sawteeth 8 and the second sawteeth 12 are meshed with each other alternately. Through the meshing between the sawteeth, the stability of the rotating shell 4 above the fixed lower fixture 3 can be improved to a certain extent, avoiding the situation that the rotating shell 4 is offset due to the vibration generated during drilling after the drill bit is inserted into the limit hole 7, and improving the drilling accuracy to a certain extent.
[0026] As a further implementation of the above technical solution: The number of the sliders 10, compression springs 11 and chutes 9 is four. The sliders 10 are distributed on the front and rear end faces of the two upper fixtures 5, and the chutes 9 and compression springs 11 are distributed on the front and rear sides of the two through grooves inside the rotating shell 4. The left and right length of the slider 10 is matched with the width of the chute 9. The compression spring 11 can provide a certain elasticity, enabling the upper fixture 5 to adapt to the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion, maintaining a stable clamping of the crankshaft, and avoiding the situation that the crankshaft and the bottom of the upper fixture 5 are thermally expanded due to the temperature rise, resulting in the deformation of the surface of the crankshaft or the bottom of the upper fixture 5.
[0027] As a further implementation of the above technical solution: The heat insulation layer 13 wraps the remaining surfaces except the top of the slider 10, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer 13 is five millimeters. The outer side of the heat insulation layer 13 contacts the inner wall of the chute 9 of the rotating shell 4, which can prevent the crankshaft clamped by the upper fixture 5 from rapidly transferring heat to the whole upper fixture 5 due to the increase in heat, and avoiding the rapid transfer of the heat on the surface of the crankshaft to a certain extent.
[0028] Working principle:
[0029] When using the present utility model, place the housing 2 with the fixed lower fixture 3 inside on the top of the base 1. Subsequently, place the rotating housing 4 on the top of the housing 2. The upper fixture 5 inside the rotating housing 4 needs to be rotated according to actual requirements so that the bottom of the upper fixture 5 aligns with the four grooves of the fixed lower fixture 3. After alignment, the second sawteeth 12 at the bottom of the upper fixture 5 and the first sawteeth 8 at the top of the fixed lower fixture 3 are interlaced with each other. Finally, use bolts to fix the base 1, the housing 2, the fixed lower fixture 3, and the rotating housing 4. After installation, connect the top of the connecting rod 6 to the top end of the robotic arm that can be telescoped and rotated. After installation, insert the drill bit for drilling the spring hole into the limiting holes 7 on the left and right sides inside the upper fixture 5. The drill bit is inserted from top to bottom. Subsequently, insert the crankshaft into the groove of the fixed lower fixture 3. The robotic arm drives the upper fixture 5 to slide upward through the connecting rod 6, and the sliders 10 on the front and rear end faces of the upper fixture 5 slide up and down in the middle chute 9 inside the rotating housing 4, causing the compression spring 11 to deform. Until the position of the spring hole of the crankshaft is adjusted, the robotic arm drives the connecting rod 6 to move downward, and the outer bottom end of the upper fixture 5 catches the upper part of the crankshaft. At this time, the drill bit drills the crankshaft in the limiting hole 7. When the crankshaft is being drilled, the heat generated by friction with the drill bit rises and is transferred to the upper fixture 5. The surfaces of the sliders 10 provided at the front and rear ends of the upper fixture 5 are provided with heat insulation layers 13, which can reduce the heat transfer speed to a certain extent. At the same time, the compression spring 11 can also provide a certain amount of elasticity when the upper fixture 5 expands thermally due to heat, enabling the upper fixture 5 to adapt to the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and maintain a stable clamping of the crankshaft.
[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A crankshaft spring hole machining foolproof fixture, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a shell (2), the upper part of the shell (2) is fixedly connected to a fixed lower clamp (3), the middle of the top of the shell (2) is rotatably connected to a rotating shell (4), the middle of the rotating shell (4) is slidably connected to a connecting rod (6), the left and right sides of the connecting rod (6) are slidably connected to upper clamps (5), the left and right sides of the upper clamp (5) are provided with longitudinal limiting holes (7), the top outer side of the fixed lower clamp (3) is fixedly connected to a first sawtooth (8), the bottom of the upper clamp (5) is fixedly connected to a second sawtooth (12), the left and right sides of the rotating shell (4) are provided with sliding grooves (9), the front and rear end surfaces of the left and right sides of the upper clamp (5) are fixedly connected to sliders (10), the outer side of the slider (10) is provided with a heat insulation layer (13), and the top of the slider (10) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (11).
2. The crankshaft spring hole machining foolproof fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating shell (4) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed lower clamp (3), the bottom of the upper clamp (5) is in contact with the top of the fixed lower clamp (3), the first serration (8) and the second serration (12) are meshed with each other, the end of the compression spring (11) away from the slider (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the slide groove (9) on the inner side of the rotating shell (4), the outer side of the slider (10) is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove (9) on the left and right sides of the rotating shell (4), and the front and rear ends of the upper clamp (5) are slidably connected to the middle of the rotating shell (4).
3. The crankshaft spring hole machining foolproof fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1), the shell (2), the fixed lower clamp (3) and the four corners of the rotating shell (4) are all provided with bolt reserved holes, and the top of the connecting rod (6) is connected to a mechanical arm that can rotate and retract.
4. The crankshaft spring hole machining foolproof fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the fixed lower clamp (3) is provided with four grooves capable of clamping the crankshaft, the number of the upper clamps (5) is two, and the upper clamps (5) are distributed on the left and right sides of the connecting rod (6), and the rotating shell (4) is provided with a through groove whose width and position match the thickness and position of the upper clamps (5).
5. The crankshaft spring hole machining foolproof fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first saw teeth (8) of the fixed lower clamp (3) is eight, and the number of the second saw teeth (12) at the bottom of the upper clamp (5) is half of the number of the first saw teeth (8), the pitch between the first saw teeth (8) and the second saw teeth (12) is the same, and the first saw teeth (8) and the second saw teeth (12) are staggered and meshed with each other.
6. The foolproof fixture for machining crankshaft spring holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the slider (10), the compression spring (11) and the slide groove (9) is four. The slider (10) is distributed on the front and rear end surfaces of the two upper clamps (5), and the slide groove (9) and the compression spring (11) are distributed on the front and rear sides of two through grooves inside the rotating shell (4). The left and right length of the slider (10) matches the width of the slide groove (9).
7. The foolproof fixture for machining crankshaft spring holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulating layer (13) is wrapped around the remaining surface except the top of the slider (10), and the thickness of the heat insulating layer (13) is five millimeters. The outer side of the heat insulating layer (13) is in contact with the inner wall of the slide groove (9) on the inner side of the rotating shell (4).