Rapid PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) detection device and detection system
By using separate heating and cooling modules with vertical and horizontal movement, the PCR detection device addresses performance degradation and thermal inertia issues, improving temperature control accuracy and speed.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420860315.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-24
AI Technical Summary
The heating module of the existing PCR amplification instrument is easily damaged during heating and refrigeration cycles in a short time, and there is an overshoot caused by thermal inertia during the temperature control process, which affects the heating rate and requires complex control algorithms.
The independent heating module and refrigeration module are adopted. The heating module and refrigeration module are used alternately at different time points through horizontal and vertical moving sample modules, respectively, to avoid sudden temperature changes, extend the service life of the module, and increase the temperature control rate.
It extends the service life of the heating module and the refrigeration module, improves the temperature increase and cooling rate of the sample module, eliminates the overshoot caused by thermal inertia, and simplifies the control algorithm.
Smart Images
Figure CN223102990U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to PCR detection equipment, in particular to a rapid PCR detection device and a detection system. Background Art
[0002] A PCR amplifier, also known as a PCR gene amplifier, a PCR nucleic acid amplifier, and a polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplifier, is an instrument that uses PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) technology to amplify specific DNA. It is widely used in medical and biological laboratories. For example, it is used to determine whether a genetic disease map will be manifested in a specimen, the diagnosis of infectious diseases, gene replication, and paternity testing, etc.
[0003] In the prior art, the temperature change of the PCR amplifier is achieved by a thermoelectric cooler and a heat conduction module. The disadvantages of this existing method are as follows: (1) Using the same heating module to achieve heating and cooling and cycling in a very short time, the performance will decay after long-term use, and the heating module is easily damaged; (2) During the temperature control process of the sample module, the heating module itself has a heating and cooling process, which affects the heating and cooling rate of the sample module. At the same time, due to the thermal inertia of the heating block during the heating and cooling process, there is an overshoot phenomenon in temperature control, and complex control algorithms are required to eliminate or weaken this phenomenon.
[0004] Therefore, this application provides a rapid PCR detection device and a detection system. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a rapid PCR detection device and a detection system in this application. The rapid PCR detection device alternately uses different heating modules at different time points, and the temperature of the heating module does not need to change suddenly, extending its service life.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems is:
[0007] The first object of this application is to provide a rapid PCR detection device, including an analysis module, a sample module, a refrigeration module, and a heating module;
[0008] The heating module and the refrigeration module can move horizontally; the sample module is arranged above the heating module and the refrigeration module so as to be vertically movable; the analysis module is arranged on one side of the sample module;
[0009] The refrigeration module is used to cool the specimen in the sample module;
[0010] The heating module is used to heat the specimen in the sample module;
[0011] The analysis module is used to analyze the specimen in the sample module;
[0012] The sample module is used to place the specimen.
[0013] In a specific embodiment, the heating module includes a first heating unit, a second heating unit, and a third heating unit that are arranged in parallel and operate independently.
[0014] In a specific embodiment, the operating temperature of the first heating unit is 60 °C, the operating temperature of the second heating unit is 95 °C, and the operating temperature of the third heating unit is 120 °C.
[0015] In a specific embodiment, the operating temperature of the refrigeration module is 30 °C.
[0016] In a specific embodiment, the sample module includes a capillary, and the specimen is placed in the capillary.
[0017] In a specific embodiment, a heating plate is provided in the heating module; a refrigeration sheet is provided in the refrigeration module.
[0018] In a specific embodiment, the analysis module is fixedly arranged on one side when the sample module moves vertically to the high position.
[0019] In a specific embodiment, the sample module, the refrigeration module, and the heating module are driven by a motor module.
[0020] In a specific embodiment, grooves are provided in both the refrigeration module and the heating module, and the grooves are used to receive or clamp the capillary.
[0021] The second object of the present application is to provide a rapid PCR detection system, including the detection device described above.
[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are:
[0023] For the rapid PCR detection device described in the present application, by using different heating modules and refrigeration modules alternately at different time points, the temperatures of the heating module and the refrigeration module do not need to change suddenly, extending its service life.
[0024] For the rapid PCR detection device described in the present application, the heating module and the refrigeration module reach the target temperature value before contacting the sample module. Relative to the sample module, the heating module (refrigeration module) in the working state does not have a heating and cooling process, improving the heating and cooling rate of the sample module, and there is no overshoot phenomenon caused by thermal inertia, and no complex control algorithm is required. Description of the Drawings
[0025] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the rapid PCR detection device described in the present application;
[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the rapid PCR detection device described in the present application;
[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the refrigeration module and the heating module of the rapid PCR detection device described in the present application;
[0029] Wherein:
[0030] 1. Analysis module; 2. Sample module; 3. Refrigeration module; 4. Heating module; 5. Motor module; 41. First heating unit; 42. Second heating unit; 43. Third heating unit; 21. Capillary; 22. Groove; 51. First motor; 52. First motor. Detailed implementation manners
[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure and technical effects generated by the present application in combination with the embodiments and the drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, all connection / connection relationships involved in the patent do not refer to direct connection of components alone, but refer to a more optimal connection structure that can be formed by adding or reducing connection accessories according to specific implementation situations. Each technical feature in the present invention can be combined interactively without conflicting with each other.
[0032] The inventor found that the current PCR detection device has the following disadvantages: (1) Using the same (temperature control module) heating module to achieve heating and cooling and cycling in a very short time, the performance will decay after long-term use, and the heating module is easily damaged; (2) During the temperature control process of the sample module, the heating module itself has a heating and cooling process, which affects the heating and cooling rate of the sample module. At the same time, due to the thermal inertia of the heating block during the heating and cooling process, there is an overshoot phenomenon in temperature control, and complex control algorithms are required to eliminate or weaken this phenomenon.
[0033] Therefore, the present application provides a rapid PCR detection device, including an analysis module 1, a sample module 2, a refrigeration module 3, and a heating module 4;
[0034] The heating module and the refrigeration module can move horizontally; the sample module is movably arranged vertically above the heating module and the refrigeration module; the analysis module is arranged on one side of the sample module;
[0035] The refrigeration module is used to cool the specimen in the sample module;
[0036] The heating module is used to heat the specimen in the sample module;
[0037] The analysis module is used to analyze the specimen in the sample module;
[0038] The sample module is used to place the specimen.
[0039] Therefore, by separately providing a refrigeration module and a heating module, as needed, when it is necessary to heat the specimen, the sample module and the heating module are transferred, and the specimen in the sample module is heated by the operation of the heating module. When it is necessary to cool the specimen, the sample module is transferred away from the heating module, and the specimen in the sample module is cooled by the operation of the refrigeration module. Thus, it is not necessary to complete the heating and cooling functions through the same module synchronously, and there will be no overshoot phenomenon.
[0040] In a specific embodiment, the heating module includes a first heating unit 41, a second heating unit 42, and a third heating unit 43 that are arranged in parallel and operate independently.
[0041] Specifically, the operating temperature of the first heating unit is 60 °C, the operating temperature of the second heating unit is 95 °C, and the operating temperature of the third heating unit is 120 °C.
[0042] For example, perform 35 cycles of 1 s at 60 °C for the first heating unit, 7 s at 95 °C for the second heating unit, and 1 s at 120 °C for the third heating unit; Therefore, in this application, by using 3 heating units, different heating units can be alternately used at different time points to perform rapid heat conduction temperature change on the specimen, improving the temperature change speed and achieving multiple heat cycles to complete the PCR amplification reaction.
[0043] More specifically, the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit are all internally provided with heating plates. The first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit can be set to be cuboid, cube, or cylinder according to needs; On the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit, there are grooves for placing the specimen, which can be used as needed. Specifically, the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit perform heating operations on the specimen.
[0044] It can be understood that the heating module and the refrigeration module described in this application can be horizontally moved. For example, existing conventional technologies such as using a motor and a slide rail, a pulley, a synchronous pulley drive, etc. can be used to achieve this.
[0045] In a specific embodiment, the operating temperature of the refrigeration module is 30°C. A chip and a radiator are built into the refrigeration module only, so as to maintain the temperature of the refrigeration module at 30°C, and then the sample module can be cooled by the refrigeration module. More specifically, the refrigeration module can be set to be a cuboid, a cube or a cylinder as required; a groove is provided on the refrigeration module, and the groove 22 is used to place the specimen.
[0046] In a specific embodiment, the sample module includes a capillary 21, and the specimen is placed in the capillary.
[0047] In a specific embodiment, the analysis module is fixedly arranged on one side when the sample module moves vertically to the high position.
[0048] In a specific embodiment, the sample module, the refrigeration module, and the heating module are driven by a motor module 5.
[0049] On the other hand, a rapid PCR detection system includes the detection device described above.
[0050] The specific use process of this detection system is as follows:
[0051] First, place the test solution in the capillary of the sample module, seal it and fix it. When starting to work, the control module controls the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit on the heating module according to the set program flow to control the temperature of the sample module.
[0052] Before the detection starts, the sample module and the heating module / refrigeration module can be reset first. The second motor 52 drives the sample module so that the second groove switch detects the second reset piece to complete the reset of the sample module;
[0053] Then, the first motor 51 drives the heating module / refrigeration module to move horizontally so that the first groove switch detects the first reset piece, and the heating module / refrigeration module completes the reset. When the reset is completed, the sample module is above the heating module; the sample module is at the middle position of the up and down movement.
[0054] The detection starts. The first motor 51 drives the heating module 4 to move below the sample module 2, and the second motor 52 drives the sample module 2 to sink into the groove 22 of the heating module 4 (the groove of the second heating unit 42, with an operating temperature of 95°C) (at this time, the sample module is at the low position of the up and down movement) to realize heating. After the temperature reaches 95°C, time for 3 s.
[0055] Secondly, the sample module needs to be cooled from 95°C to 60°C. The second motor 52 drives the sample module to move out of the second heating unit 42. The first motor 51 drives the refrigeration module to move below the sample module. The second motor 52 drives the sample module to be inserted into the groove 22 of the refrigeration module 3 (30°C). When the temperature sensor of the sample module detects that the temperature is close to 60°C, the second motor 52 controls the sample module to quickly move out of the refrigeration module. The first motor 51 drives the first heating unit 41 (the first heating unit 41, with an operating temperature of 60°C) to move below the sample module. The second motor 52 controls the sample module to be quickly inserted into the groove of the first heating unit 41 (i.e., inserted into the first heating unit 41, with an operating temperature of 60°C), achieving a rapid switch of the sample from 95°C to 60°C, and timing for 7 s.
[0056] Thirdly, when the sample module needs to be switched from 60°C to 95°C, the first motor 51 drives the first heating unit 42 to move below the sample module. When the temperature sensor of the sample module detects that the temperature is close to 95°C, the second motor 52 drives the sample module to move out of the first heating unit 41 (60°C). The second motor 52 drives the sample module to be inserted into the groove of the heating module 4 (i.e., inserted into the second heating unit 42, with an operating temperature of 95°C), thus completing the switch from 60°C to 95°C.
[0057] The sample module can achieve the switch from 95°C to 120°C by repeating a process similar to the above. For example:
[0058] When the sample module needs to be switched from 60°C to 95°C, the first motor 51 drives the first heating unit 42 to move below the sample module. When the temperature sensor of the sample module detects that the temperature is close to 95°C, the second motor 52 drives the sample module to move out of the first heating unit 41 (60°C). The second motor 52 drives the sample module to be inserted into the groove of the heating module 4 (i.e., inserted into the second heating unit 42, with an operating temperature of 95°C), thus completing the switch from 60°C to 95°C.
[0059] Specifically, the control module is used to implement the temperature control algorithm and control the temperature of the temperature control module, to control the stepping motor to drive or rotate and position at a specified time, and to control the working state of the detection system, etc. The control module can be implemented using various types of single-chip microcomputers, DSPs, ARMs, FPGAs, computers, etc.
[0060] The algorithm modules involved in temperature control can be PID control, fuzzy control, neural network control, adaptive control, Fuzzy-PID control, Adaptive-PID control, fuzzy adaptive PID control, etc.
[0061] The analysis module includes a temperature sensor and a fluorescence detection unit. The temperature sensor is used to feedback the real-time temperature value of the sample module to the control module. The fluorescence detection unit is used to detect the biochemical reaction results of the sample module in real-time online or at the end point. Specifically, the analysis module (fluorescence detection unit) is fixedly arranged, and its position coincides with the upper position of the up-and-down movement of the sample module. When the sample module carries the capillary and resets to the upper position, the analysis module emits incident light to the sample rack and receives the excitation light generated by the sample in the capillary for parameter analysis. The analysis module can be implemented by using a conventional PCR analysis module.
[0062] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiment of the present application. However, the present application is not limited to the described embodiment. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A rapid PCR detection device, characterized in that, It includes an analysis module, a sample module, a refrigeration module, and a heating module; The heating module and the refrigeration module can move horizontally; the sample module is arranged above the heating module and the refrigeration module in a vertically movable manner; the analysis module is arranged on one side of the sample module; The refrigeration module is used to cool the specimen in the sample module; The heating module is used to heat the specimen in the sample module; The analysis module is used to analyze the specimen in the sample module; The sample module is used to place the specimen.
2. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, wherein, The heating module includes a first heating unit, a second heating unit, and a third heating unit that are arranged in parallel and work independently.
3. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The working temperature of the first heating unit is 60 °C, the working temperature of the second heating unit is 95 °C, and the working temperature of the third heating unit is 120 °C.
4. A rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, wherein, The working temperature of the refrigeration module is 30 °C.
5. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample module includes a capillary tube, and the specimen is placed in the capillary tube.
6. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, wherein, A heating plate is arranged in the heating module; a refrigeration sheet is arranged in the refrigeration module.
7. A rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, wherein, The analysis module is fixedly arranged on one side when the sample module moves vertically to the high position.
8. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 1, wherein, The sample module, the refrigeration module, and the heating module are driven by a motor module.
9. The rapid PCR detection device according to claim 5, wherein, Grooves are arranged in both the refrigeration module and the heating module, and the grooves are used to receive or clamp the capillary tube.
10. A rapid PCR detection system, characterized in that, It includes the detection device according to any one of claims 1-9.