Transformer
The transformer design with dual windings and adjustable switches simplifies structure and increases efficiency by enabling full voltage range adjustment without additional components, addressing space and manufacturing challenges.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422076626.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-26
AI Technical Summary
There are problems that are difficult to take into account in the voltage regulation range and structural design of existing power frequency test transformers, especially when meeting the full voltage regulation needs, it is difficult to manufacture and cover a large area.
By setting the first and second windings and corresponding gear adjustment switches, linear voltage regulation and positive and negative voltage regulation of the transformer are achieved, structural design is simplified, the voltage regulation range is increased, and the demand for additional voltage regulation windings is reduced.
The full voltage voltage regulation of the transformer is achieved, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and reducing the floor area during the test and improving the test efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223108649U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the present utility model relate to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a transformer. Background Art
[0002] The voltage regulation range of power frequency test transformers generally requires full voltage regulation. Exemplarily, for a 110 kV transformer, the required voltage regulation range is 1470 - 115000 V, and the number of regulation steps is 84. Based on the limitation of the high-voltage coil structure, the method of main transformer + regulating transformer can be used for voltage regulation. The main transformer and the regulating transformer can be two independent transformers connected externally. In this case, two transformers are required, and the floor area is large. It can also be that the main transformer and the regulating transformer share a box and adopt a double-core structure, and the two transformers are connected inside the oil tank. At this time, the structure of the double-core transformer is complex, and the manufacturing difficulty is high, which seriously restricts the efficiency of transformer tests. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The present utility model provides a transformer, which can not only achieve full voltage regulation, but also simplify the structure of the transformer, reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the transformer, and improve the test efficiency of the transformer.
[0004] The embodiments of the present utility model provide a transformer, including a first winding, a second winding, a first tap changer switch and a second tap changer switch;
[0005] The first winding has at least two first tapping taps, the first tapping tap is connected to the movable end of the first tap changer switch, the fixed end of the first tap changer switch is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first tap changer switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation step of the first winding;
[0006] The second winding has at least two second tapping taps, the second tapping tap is connected to the first movable end of the second tap changer switch, the second movable end of the second tap changer switch is connected to the head end of the second winding, the third movable end of the second tap changer switch is connected to the tail end of the second winding, the first fixed end of the second tap changer switch is connected to the tail end of the first winding, the second fixed end of the second tap changer switch is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second tap changer switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation step and the voltage regulation direction of the second winding.
[0007] Optionally, the transformer further includes an iron core, the first winding and the second winding are both arranged around the iron core, and the first winding is arranged on the side of the second winding away from the iron core; along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the first winding has at least two layers of first coils; each layer of the first coils is connected to at least one of the first tapping taps.
[0008] Optionally, the second winding includes at least two double-layer parallel windings, and each winding is connected to at least one of the second tapping taps.
[0009] Optionally, the number of layers of the first coil is equal to the number of windings.
[0010] Optionally, when the number of layers of the first coil is n, (2n - 1)*(n + 1) is greater than m, where m is the voltage regulation position of the transformer.
[0011] Optionally, the length of the second winding along the extending direction of the iron core is less than the length of any layer of the first coil along the extending direction of the iron core; along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the length of each layer of the first coil along the extending direction of the iron core increases in turn.
[0012] Optionally, at least one of the first tapping taps leads out along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, and at least one of the first tapping taps and the second tapping taps lead out along the extending direction of the iron core.
[0013] Optionally, when the first tapping tap leads out along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the corresponding first coil connected thereto is a single-layer cylindrical structure; when the first tapping tap leads out along the extending direction of the iron core, the corresponding first coil connected thereto is a U-shaped spiral structure.
[0014] Optionally, the transformer further includes an insulating structure. When the first coil is a U-shaped spiral structure, the insulating structure is arranged at the corners on the side of the first coil away from the second tapping tap.
[0015] Optionally, the transformer further includes a third winding, which is arranged around the iron core, and the third winding is arranged on the side of the second winding close to the iron core.
[0016] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present utility model, by setting the first gear regulating switch to regulate the number of turns of the coil of the first winding for voltage regulation, linear voltage regulation of the transformer is realized. At the same time, the second gear regulating switch regulates the number of turns of the coil of the second winding for voltage regulation and the voltage regulation direction, so as to realize the positive and negative voltage regulation of the transformer. On the basis of the first gear regulating switch regulating the number of turns of the coil of the first winding for voltage regulation, the number of turns range of the equivalent winding during the voltage regulation process of the transformer can be further increased, thereby increasing the voltage regulation range of the transformer. Therefore, it is possible to realize the full-voltage regulation of the transformer without additionally arranging a voltage regulating winding or a voltage regulating transformer, which simplifies the structure of the transformer, reduces the manufacturing cost of the transformer, and improves the test efficiency of the transformer. At the same time, the floor area of the transformer during the test can be reduced. Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle structure of a transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the high-voltage winding of a transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners
[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention rather than all the structures are shown in the drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle structure of a transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the transformer includes a first winding M1, a second winding M2, a first tap-changing switch, and a second tap-changing switch; the first winding M1 has at least two first tapping taps, the first tapping tap is connected to the movable end P of the first tap-changing switch, the fixed end of the first tap-changing switch is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first tap-changing switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation tap of the first winding M1; the second winding M2 has at least two second tapping taps, the second tapping tap is connected to the first movable end K of the second tap-changing switch, the second movable end - of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the head end of the second winding M2, the third movable end + of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the tail end of the second winding M2, the first fixed end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the tail end of the first winding M1, the second fixed end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second tap-changing switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation tap and the voltage regulation direction of the second winding M2.
[0021] Specifically, the first winding M1 has multiple turns of coils, and the first tap is connected between different turns of coils. When different first taps are connected to the fixed end of the first gear regulating switch through the first movable end P of the first gear regulating switch, and the fixed end of the first gear regulating switch is connected to the first power supply terminal, the position where the first winding M1 is connected to the first power supply terminal can be adjusted. Moreover, the first fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the end of the first winding M1, so that the number of turns of the first power signal provided by the first power supply terminal passing through the first winding M1 can be adjusted, and thus linear voltage regulation can be performed through the first gear regulating switch. At the same time, the first movable end K of the second gear regulating switch can be connected to different second taps of the second winding M2. When the first movable end K of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the first fixed end of the second gear regulating switch, the position where the second winding M2 is connected to the end of the first winding M1 can be adjusted, so that the number of turns of the second winding M2 connected in series with the first winding M1 can be adjusted. In addition, the second movable end - of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the start end of the second winding M2, the third movable end + of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the end of the second winding M2, and the second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the second power input terminal. When the first movable end K of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the corresponding second tap according to the gear regulation, by adjusting the connection between the second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch and the second movable end - or the third movable end + of the second gear regulating switch, the connection between the second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch and the start end or the end of the second winding M2 can be adjusted, and the magnetic flux direction generated by the second winding M2 can be adjusted, so that positive and negative voltage regulation can be performed through the second gear regulating switch.
[0022] Specifically, when the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the second movable end, the direction of the first power signal provided by the first power supply terminal through the first winding M1 is opposite to that through the second winding M2. At this time, the equivalent number of turns of the winding during the transformer voltage regulation process is the difference between the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the first winding M1 and the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the second winding M2. Based on the adjustment of the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the first winding M1 by the first gear adjustment switch, the equivalent number of turns of the winding during the transformer voltage regulation process can be further reduced by the second gear adjustment switch, reducing the minimum value of the transformer voltage regulation range. Among them, the number of turns reduced by the second gear adjustment switch can be determined by the second tapping connected to the first movable end K of the second gear adjustment switch. When the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the third movable end +, the direction of the first power signal provided by the first power supply terminal through the first winding M1 is the same as that through the second winding M2. At this time, the equivalent number of turns of the winding during the transformer voltage regulation process is the sum of the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the first winding M1 and the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the second winding M2. Based on the adjustment of the number of turns of the first power signal flowing through the first winding M1 by the first gear adjustment switch, the equivalent number of turns of the winding during the transformer voltage regulation process can be further increased by the second gear adjustment switch, increasing the maximum value of the transformer voltage regulation range. Among them, the number of turns increased by the second gear adjustment switch can be determined by the second tapping connected to the first movable end K of the second gear adjustment switch.
[0023] As can be seen from the above process, when the transformer is regulating voltage, the first tapping connected to the movable end of the first gear adjustment switch can be adjusted, and at the same time, the second tapping connected to the first movable end K of the second gear adjustment switch and the movable end connected to the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch can be matched. Linear voltage regulation can be performed through the first gear adjustment switch, and positive and negative voltage regulation can be performed through the second gear adjustment switch, so as to increase the voltage regulation range of the transformer through the positive and negative voltage regulation of the second winding M2 within the voltage regulation range of the first winding M1. Thus, full-voltage regulation of the transformer can be achieved without additionally setting a voltage regulation winding or a voltage regulation transformer, simplifying the structure of the transformer, reducing the manufacturing cost of the transformer, and improving the test efficiency of the transformer. At the same time, the floor area of the transformer during the test can be reduced.
[0024] Exemplarily, Figure 1Exemplarily, the transformer shown is a three-phase transformer. At this time, the winding structure of each phase may include a first winding M1, a second winding M2, a first tap-changing switch, and a second tap-changing switch. When the voltage on the high-voltage side of the three-phase transformer is 110 kV, each first winding M1 may have 7 first tapping taps. Each second winding M2 may have 7 second tapping taps. Exemplarily, in phase A, the fixed end of the first tap-changing switch is connected to the first power input terminal A of phase A. The first winding M1 has 7 first tapping taps, which are sequentially sorted from the head end to the tail end of the first winding M1 as the first first tapping tap X1, the second first tapping tap X2, the third first tapping tap X3, the fourth first tapping tap X4, the fifth first tapping tap X5, the sixth first tapping tap X6, and the seventh first tapping tap X7. Among them, the first first tapping tap X1 may be the tapping tap with zero turns of the first winding M1, that is, the head end of the first winding M1. The seventh first tapping tap X7 may be the tapping tap with the largest number of turns of the first winding M1, that is, the tail end of the first winding M1. The movable end P of the first tap-changing switch is connected to one of the first tapping taps, and the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation can be adjusted. Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, when the movable end P of the first tap-changing switch is connected to the third first tapping tap X3, the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation is the number of turns of the coil between the third first tapping tap X3 and the tail end of the first winding M1.
[0025] The second winding M2 has seven second tap-off taps, which are sequentially sorted from the head end to the tail end of the second winding M2 as the first second tap-off tap X8, the second second tap-off tap X9, the third second tap-off tap X10, the fourth second tap-off tap X11, the fifth second tap-off tap X12, the sixth second tap-off tap X13, and the seventh second tap-off tap X14. Among them, the first second tap-off tap X8 can be the tap-off tap with zero turns of the second winding M2, that is, the head end of the second winding M2. The seventh second tap-off tap X14 can be the tap-off tap with the maximum number of turns of the second winding M2, that is, the tail end of the second winding M2. The first movable end K of the second gear regulating switch is connected to one of the second tap-off taps, and the number of turns of the coil of the second winding M2 for voltage regulation can be adjusted. The second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the second power supply terminal X of phase A. When the second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the second movable end, the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 are connected in reverse series. At this time, based on the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation, the number of turns of the coil of the second winding M2 for voltage regulation is subtracted as the number of turns of the voltage regulating coil of the winding structure, so that the number of turns of the voltage regulating coil can be further reduced on the basis of the first winding M1, and the minimum voltage value of the voltage regulation range of the transformer is reduced. When the second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the third movable end +, the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 are connected in series in the same direction. At this time, based on the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation, the number of turns of the coil of the second winding M2 for voltage regulation is increased as the number of turns of the voltage regulating coil of the winding structure, so that the number of turns of the voltage regulating coil can be further increased on the basis of the first winding M1, and the maximum voltage value of the voltage regulation range of the transformer is increased. Thus, without additionally setting a voltage regulating winding or a voltage regulating transformer, full-voltage regulation of the transformer can be achieved, the structure of the transformer is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the transformer is reduced, and the test efficiency of the transformer is improved. At the same time, the floor area of the transformer during the test can be reduced.
[0026] Similarly, in phase B, the fixed end of the first gear regulating switch is connected to the first power supply input terminal B of phase B. The first winding M1 has seven first tap-off taps, which are sequentially sorted from the head end to the tail end of the first winding M1 as the first first tap-off tap Y1, the second first tap-off tap Y2, the third first tap-off tap Y3, the fourth first tap-off tap Y4, the fifth first tap-off tap Y5, the sixth first tap-off tap Y6, and the seventh first tap-off tap Y7. Among them, the first first tap-off tap Y1 can be the tap-off tap with zero turns of the first winding M1, that is, the head end of the first winding M1. The seventh first tap-off tap Y7 can be the tap-off tap with the maximum number of turns of the first winding M1, that is, the tail end of the first winding M1. The movable end P of the first gear regulating switch is connected to one of the first tap-off taps, and the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation can be adjusted.
[0027] The second winding M2 has 7 second tap taps, which are sequentially sorted from the first end of the second winding M2 to the second end of the second winding M2 as the first second tap tap Y8, the second second tap tap Y9, the third second tap tap Y10, the fourth second tap tap Y11, the fifth second tap tap Y12, the sixth second tap tap Y13, and the seventh second tap tap Y14. Among them, the first second tap tap Y8 can be a tap tap with zero turns of the second winding M2, that is, the first end of the second winding M2. The seventh second tap tap Y14 can be a tap tap with the largest number of turns of the second winding M2, that is, the second end of the second winding M2. The second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the B-phase second power supply terminal Y. By adjusting the second gear adjustment switch, the number of turns of the coil of the second winding M2 for voltage regulation and the series direction of the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 can be adjusted. Similarly, without the need to additionally set a voltage regulating winding or a voltage regulating transformer, the full voltage regulation of the transformer can be achieved.
[0028] Similarly, in the C phase, the fixed end of the first gear adjustment switch is connected to the C-phase first power input terminal C. The first winding M1 has 7 first tap taps, which are sequentially sorted from the first end of the first winding M1 to the second end of the first winding M1 as the first first tap tap Z1, the second first tap tap Z2, the third first tap tap Z3, the fourth first tap tap Z4, the fifth first tap tap Z5, the sixth first tap tap Z6, and the seventh first tap tap Z7. Among them, the first first tap tap Z1 can be a tap tap with zero turns of the first winding M1, that is, the first end of the first winding M1. The seventh first tap tap Z7 can be a tap tap with the largest number of turns of the first winding M1, that is, the second end of the first winding M1. The movable end P of the first gear adjustment switch is connected to one of the first tap taps, and the number of turns of the coil of the first winding M1 for voltage regulation can be adjusted.
[0029] The second winding M2 has seven second tap-off taps, which are sequentially sorted from the first end to the last end of the second winding M2 as the first second tap-off tap Z8, the second second tap-off tap Z9, the third second tap-off tap Z10, the fourth second tap-off tap Z11, the fifth second tap-off tap Z12, the sixth second tap-off tap Z13, and the seventh second tap-off tap Z14. Among them, the first second tap-off tap Z8 can be the tap-off tap with zero turns of the second winding M2, that is, the first end of the second winding M2. The seventh second tap-off tap Z14 can be the tap-off tap with the largest number of turns of the second winding M2, that is, the last end of the second winding M2. The second fixed end of the second gear regulating switch is connected to the second power supply end Z of phase C. By adjusting the number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the second winding M2 and the series direction of the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 through the second gear regulating switch, it is also possible to achieve full-voltage regulation of the transformer without additionally setting a voltage regulating winding or a voltage regulating transformer.
[0030] The technical solution of this embodiment realizes the linear voltage regulation of the transformer by setting the first gear regulating switch to adjust the number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the first winding. At the same time, the second gear regulating switch adjusts the number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation and the voltage regulation direction of the second winding to realize the positive and negative voltage regulation of the transformer. On the basis of the first gear regulating switch adjusting the number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the first winding, the number of turns range of the equivalent winding during the voltage regulation process of the transformer can be further increased, thereby increasing the voltage regulation range of the transformer. Thus, it is possible to achieve full-voltage regulation of the transformer without additionally setting a voltage regulating winding or a voltage regulating transformer, simplify the structure of the transformer, reduce the manufacturing cost of the transformer, and improve the test efficiency of the transformer. At the same time, the floor area of the transformer during the test can be reduced.
[0031] In some embodiments, the transformer further includes an iron core. The first winding and the second winding are both arranged around the iron core, and the first winding is arranged on the side of the second winding away from the iron core; along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the first winding has at least two layers of first coils; each layer of first coils is connected to at least one first tap-off tap.
[0032] Specifically, Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the high-voltage winding of a transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2As shown, the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 can be arranged around the iron core. When taking the iron core as the central axis, the second winding M2 is arranged closer to the iron core than the first winding M1. Along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding, the first winding M1 has at least two layers of first coils, and the end of each layer of first coils is connected to a first tap. By making the number of turns of each layer of first coils correspond to the number of turns of the coil corresponding to the voltage regulation level of the linear voltage regulation part of the transformer, it is convenient to set the first tap. At the same time, the voltage regulation level of each first tap can be determined by setting the number of turns of each layer of first coils, simplifying the setting of the linear voltage regulation level.
[0033] Exemplarily, Figure 2 it is exemplarily shown that the first winding M1 includes 6 layers of first coils, and each layer of coils has an upper part and a lower part. Along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding, the 6 layers of first coils are the sixth layer of first coil W6, the fifth layer of first coil W5, the fourth layer of first coil W4, the third layer of first coil W3, the second layer of first coil W2, and the first layer of first coil W1 respectively. The upper parts of the first layer of first coil W1 to the sixth layer of first coil W6 are respectively connected to a tap, and the labels are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in sequence. The lower parts of the first layer of first coil W1 to the sixth layer of first coil W6 are respectively connected to another tap, and the labels are 1', 2', 3', 4', 5', and 6' in sequence. Along the direction from the first layer of first coil W1 to the sixth layer of first coil W6, the tap connected to the lower part of the previous layer of first coil is connected to the tap connected to the upper part of the next layer of first coil, realizing the connection of multiple layers of first coils. At this time, there is an equivalent tap between adjacent first coils. At this time, the tap 1 connected to the upper part of the first layer of first coil W1 can be used as the first first tap of the first winding M1, and the taps between the first layer of first coil W1 and the sixth layer of first coil W6 can be used as the second first tap to the sixth first tap of the first winding M1 respectively. The tap 6' connected to the lower part of the sixth layer of first coil W6 can be used as the seventh first tap, thus forming a first winding M1 with 7 taps.
[0034] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 , the second winding M2 includes at least two double-layer parallel windings, and each winding is connected to at least one second tap.
[0035] Specifically, each wire may include an upper wire and a lower wire. The end of each wire is connected to a second tap, such that the number of turns of each wire serves as the number of turns of the coil corresponding to the voltage regulation level of the positive and negative voltage regulation part of the transformer, which facilitates the setting of the second tap. At the same time, the voltage regulation level of each second tap can be determined by setting the number of turns of each wire, simplifying the setting of the positive and negative voltage regulation levels. Additionally, by setting the second winding M2 to include at least two double-layer parallel wires, on the basis of meeting full voltage regulation, the physical size gap between the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 can be reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current effect between the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 and improving the performance of the transformer.
[0036] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, the second winding M2 may include 6 double-layer parallel wires. The upper wires of the first wire to the sixth wire respectively correspond to a tap, numbered 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 in sequence, and the lower wires of the first wire to the sixth wire respectively correspond to another tap, numbered 7', 8', 9', 10', 11', and 12' in sequence. Among the first wire to the sixth wire in sequence, the tap corresponding to the connection of the lower wire of the previous wire can be connected to the tap corresponding to the connection of the upper wire of the next wire to achieve the connection of multiple wires. At this time, an equivalent tap exists between adjacent wires. At this time, the tap 7 corresponding to the connection of the upper wire of the first wire can be used as the first second tap of the second winding M2, and the taps between the first wire to the sixth wire can be used as the second second tap to the sixth second tap of the second winding M2 respectively, and the tap 12' corresponding to the connection of the lower wire of the sixth wire can be used as the seventh second tap, thus forming a second winding M2 with 7 taps.
[0037] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 , the number of layers of the first coil is equal to the number of wires.
[0038] Specifically, when the number of layers of the first coil is equal to the number of wires, the number of first taps of the first winding M1 can be equal to the number of second taps of the second winding M2. At this time, on the basis of meeting full voltage regulation, the physical size gap between the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 is further reduced, the eddy current effect between the windings is reduced, and the performance of the transformer is improved.
[0039] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, when the first winding M1 includes 6 layers of first coils, the first winding M1 may have 7 first taps. The second winding M2 may include 6 wires, and the second winding M2 may have 7 second taps.
[0040] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number of layers of the first coil may also be different from the number of wires. In this case, the number of first tapping taps of the first winding M1 is different from the number of second tapping taps of the second winding M2. Therefore, the voltage regulation gear positions of the transformer can be determined according to the number of first tapping taps of the first winding M1 and the number of second tapping taps of the second winding M2.
[0041] In some embodiments, when the number of layers of the first coil is n, (2n - 1)*(n + 1) is greater than m, where m is the voltage regulation gear position of the transformer.
[0042] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, when the first winding M1 is at the minimum voltage regulation gear position, the equivalent number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the first winding M1 is 0. When the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the third movable end + and the seventh second tapping tap of the second winding M2 is connected to the first movable end K of the second gear adjustment switch, the equivalent number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the second winding M2 is 0. At this time, the equivalent number of turns of the coils for voltage regulation of the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 is 0. When the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the second movable end -, the equivalent number of turns of the coil for voltage regulation of the second winding M2 is less than 0. At this time, the equivalent number of turns of the coils for voltage regulation of the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 is less than 0. At this time, the voltage generated by the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 is less than or equal to 0, causing the transformer to malfunction. n + 1 is the number of first tapping taps corresponding to the first winding M1, that is, the number of gear positions corresponding to the first winding M1, and at the same time is the number of second tapping taps corresponding to the second winding M2. 2n - 1 is the number of gear positions corresponding to the forward and reverse directions of the second winding M2. By setting (2n - 1)*(n + 1) greater than m, the normal operation of the transformer can be ensured on the basis of meeting the voltage regulation gear position requirements of the transformer.
[0043] Exemplarily, Table 1 shows a voltage and ammeter of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of a transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is at different positions. Among them, X1 to X7 are respectively used to represent the connection positions of the movable end of the first gear adjustment switch to the 7 first tap taps of the first winding M1. 1-7 are respectively used to represent the connection positions of the first movable end of the second gear adjustment switch to the 7 second tap taps when the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the third movable end +. Among them, 4 is also used to represent the connection position of the first movable end of the second gear adjustment switch to the fourth second tap tap when the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the second movable end -. 8-13 are respectively used to represent the connection positions of the first movable end of the second gear adjustment switch to the 1st-3rd and 5th-7th second tap taps when the second fixed end of the second gear adjustment switch is connected to the second movable end -. As shown in Table 1, when the voltage of the high-voltage side of the transformer is 110 kV, when the first gear adjustment switch is respectively at 7 different first tap taps, the transformer has 7 coarse adjustment levels. At each coarse adjustment level, each second tap tap corresponds to 13 positions, that is, the transformer has 13 fine adjustment levels. Then the transformer has a total of 13 * 7 = 91 positions. Among them, when the coarse adjustment level of the transformer is at X7 and the fine adjustment level of the transformer is at the 6th level, the voltage of the high-voltage side of the transformer is 1470 V, meeting the minimum requirement of the full voltage regulation range of the transformer at 110 kV. Thus, on the basis of meeting the requirements of the voltage regulation positions and the voltage regulation range of the transformer, the normal operation of the transformer can be ensured. At the same time, when the coarse adjustment level of the transformer is at X1 and the fine adjustment level of the transformer is at the 1st level, the voltage of the high-voltage side of the transformer is 114.66 kV, also meeting the maximum requirement of the full voltage regulation range of the transformer at 110 kV.
[0044] Table 1
[0045]
[0046]
[0047]
[0048]
[0049]
[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , the length of the second winding M2 along the iron core extension direction Y is less than the length of any layer of the first coil along the iron core extension direction Y; along the direction X pointing from the iron core to the first winding M1, the length of each layer of the first coil along the iron core extension direction Y increases in turn.
[0051] Specifically, with the iron core as the center, the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 are arranged from outside to inside. At this time, the second winding M2 is arranged on the side of the first winding M1 close to the iron core. By setting the length of the second winding M2 along the iron core extension direction Y to be less than the length of any layer of the first coil along the iron core extension direction Y; along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding M1, the length of each layer of the first coil along the iron core extension direction Y increases in turn, so that the first winding M1 and the second winding M2 can form a tower structure, which not only facilitates the outgoing of the tapping leads corresponding to each layer of coils, but also can reduce the short-circuit impedance of the transformer at different voltage regulation levels, which is beneficial to realizing the low impedance requirement of the transformer. For example, when the first winding M1 includes 6 layers of first coils and the second winding M2 includes 6 parallel wires, the short-circuit impedance of the transformer at different voltage regulation levels can be within 4%. At the same time, the eddy current effect when different tapping leads pass through other layers of coils can be improved, and the performance of the transformer is improved.
[0052] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , at least one first tapping lead exits along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding, and at least one first tapping lead and the second tapping lead exit along the iron core extension direction Y.
[0053] Specifically, the transformer further includes a pressing plate. The pressing plate is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the transformer and covers the first winding M1 and the second winding M2, which is used to increase the short-circuit resistance ability of the transformer. When the first tapping lead and the second tapping lead exit along the iron core extension direction Y, through holes are arranged on the pressing plate for the first tapping lead and the second tapping lead to pass through the pressing plate for outgoing. Figure 2 Exemplarily shown in [reference] is that the first tapping lead 1-4 connected to the first coils of the first layer to the fourth layer exits along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding, and the first tapping leads connected to the first coils of the fifth layer to the sixth layer and the second tapping lead of the second winding M2 exit along the iron core extension direction Y. By setting the first tapping lead and the second tapping lead to exit along two directions, it is convenient for different tapping leads to exit, and at the same time, the outgoing of the tapping leads in the iron core extension direction Y can be reduced, the setting of the through holes on the pressing plate is reduced, and the short-circuit resistance energy of the transformer is ensured.
[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , when the first tapping lead exits along the direction X from the iron core to the first winding, the first coil corresponding to the connection is a single-layer cylindrical structure; when the first tapping lead exits along the iron core extension direction Y, the first coil corresponding to the connection is a U-shaped spiral structure.
[0055] Specifically, Figure 2Exemplarily shown in [reference], the first tapping taps 1-4 of the first coil connections of the first layer to the fourth layer lead out along the direction X of the iron core pointing to the first winding. At this time, the first coils W1 to W4 of the first layer are of a single-layer cylindrical structure, which can simplify the lead-out of the first coils W1 to W4 of the first layer. The first tapping taps connected to the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer lead out along the extending direction Y of the iron core. At this time, the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer are of a U-shaped spiral structure. When the length of the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer along the extending direction Y of the iron core is relatively short, the leakage magnetic flux of the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer can be reduced, and at the same time, the heat dissipation of the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer can be improved.
[0056] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , the transformer further includes an insulating structure T. When the first coil is of a U-shaped spiral structure, the insulating structure T is arranged at the corners on the side of the first coil away from the second tapping tap.
[0057] Specifically, Figure 2 exemplarily shown in [reference], the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer are of a U-shaped spiral structure. At this time, the insulating structure T is arranged at the corner positions on one side between the upper and lower parts of the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer, which can increase the insulation between the upper and lower parts of the first coils W5 to W6 of the fifth layer and improve the performance of the transformer. Exemplarily, when the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the upper and lower parts of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer are both rectangles, the corner on the side of the upper part of the first coil W5 away from the second tapping tap is the rectangular vertex between the upper and lower parts of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer. The corner on the side of the lower part of the first coil W5 away from the second tapping tap is the rectangular vertex between the lower and upper parts of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer. At this time, insulating structures T can be arranged at both vertices on the side of the upper part of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer close to the lower part, and insulating structures T can be arranged at both vertices on the side of the lower part of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer close to the upper part, for improving the insulation of the first coil W5 of the fifth layer. Similarly, when the cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the upper and lower parts of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer are both rectangles, the corner on the side of the upper part of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer away from the second tapping tap is the rectangular vertex between the upper and lower parts of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer. The corner on the side of the lower part of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer away from the second tapping tap is the rectangular vertex between the lower and upper parts of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer. At this time, insulating structures T can be arranged at both vertices on the side of the upper part of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer close to the lower part, and insulating structures T can be arranged at both vertices on the side of the lower part of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer close to the upper part, for improving the insulation of the first coil W6 of the sixth layer.
[0058] Continue to refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 , the transformer further includes a third winding M3, the third winding M3 is disposed around the iron core, and the third winding M3 is disposed on a side of the second winding M2 close to the iron core.
[0059] Specifically, the third winding M3 can be a low-voltage winding of the transformer. When the transformer is a three-phase transformer, each phase can include the third winding M3. The third winding M3 is disposed on a side of the second winding M2 close to the iron core, which can ensure the insulation requirements of the transformer.
[0060] Note that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A transformer, characterized in that, It includes a first winding, a second winding, a first tap-changing switch, and a second tap-changing switch; The first winding has at least two first tapping taps, the first tapping taps are connected to the movable end of the first tap-changing switch, the fixed end of the first tap-changing switch is connected to the first power input terminal, and the first tap-changing switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation gear of the first winding; The second winding has at least two second tapping taps, the second tapping taps are connected to the first movable end of the second tap-changing switch, the second movable end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the head end of the second winding, the third movable end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the tail end of the second winding, the first fixed end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the tail end of the first winding, the second fixed end of the second tap-changing switch is connected to the second power input terminal, and the second tap-changing switch is used to adjust the voltage regulation gear and the voltage regulation direction of the second winding.
2. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an iron core, the first winding and the second winding are both arranged around the iron core, and the first winding is arranged on the side of the second winding away from the iron core; along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the first winding has at least two layers of first coils; each layer of the first coils is connected to at least one of the first tapping taps.
3. The transformer according to claim 2, wherein, The second winding includes at least two double-layer parallel windings, and each winding is connected to at least one of the second tapping taps.
4. The transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of layers of the first coils is equal to the number of the windings.
5. The transformer according to claim 4, wherein When the number of layers of the first coils is n, (2n - 1)*(n + 1) is greater than m, where m is the voltage regulation gear of the transformer.
6. The transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the second winding along the extending direction of the iron core is less than the length of any layer of the first coils along the extending direction of the iron core; along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the length of each layer of the first coils along the extending direction of the iron core increases in sequence.
7. The transformer according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, At least one of the first tapping taps leads out along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, and at least one of the first tapping taps and the second tapping taps lead out along the extending direction of the iron core.
8. The transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the first tapping tap leads out along the direction from the iron core to the first winding, the corresponding connected first coil is of a single-layer cylindrical structure; when the first tapping tap leads out along the extending direction of the iron core, the corresponding connected first coil is of a U-shaped spiral structure.
9. The transformer according to claim 8, wherein, It further includes an insulating structure. When the first coil is of a U-shaped spiral structure, the insulating structure is arranged at the corner on the side of the first coil away from the second tapping tap.
10. The transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a third winding, the third winding is arranged around the iron core, and the third winding is arranged on the side of the second winding close to the iron core.