Isolated high-power laser arc coaxial hybrid welding plume split type hollow electrode

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a split type hollow electrode capable of isolating high-power laser arc coaxial hybrid welding plume, which comprises an electrode and an electrode nozzle, the electrode is detachably connected with the electrode nozzle, the inside of the electrode is of a hollow structure, and laser penetrates through the electrode; a plume isolation circular ring is arranged at the joint of the electrode nozzle and the electrode, and the laser can penetrate through the plume isolation circular ring, so that the hollow electrode is arranged to be in a split type, namely, the electrode part and the electrode nozzle part can be detached, only the electrode nozzle can be replaced after the electrode is used for a period of time, and the use cost is greatly reduced; the plume isolation circular ring is welded between the electrode part and the electrode nozzle part, so that high-power laser welding plumes can be prevented from entering the hollow electrode cavity and depositing in the hollow electrode cavity, laser beam energy transmission is blocked, and the laser beam energy is absorbed to cause electrode temperature rise and overheat burning loss and breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding. Background Technique

[0002] The high-power laser-hollow electrode coaxial composite welding technology has the advantages of strong heat source penetration ability, good heat source symmetry, high welding speed, and high accessibility of the welding torch in space. It has broad application prospects in the in-situ welding of large structural parts, especially in narrow spaces.

[0003] However, in high-power laser composite welding, if the laser power is relatively large, obvious welding plume will be generated, and the plume has an obvious impact on the energy transmission of the laser beam. The higher the laser power, the larger the volume and density of the plume, and the greater the impact on the laser beam energy. Some studies have shown that in laser-hollow electrode coaxial composite welding, when other conditions such as welding current and shielding gas flow remain unchanged, with the increase of laser power, the influence of the welding plume on the laser beam energy increases, and the laser power has an upper critical value.

[0004] Once the laser power exceeds the upper critical value, the energy of the laser beam is severely blocked by the welding plume, the volume of the plume expands violently, the arc plasma becomes unstable, the welding stability drops sharply, and the welding process cannot be completed. When the laser power exceeds the upper critical value, the temperature of the hollow electrode rises rapidly, and the high temperature is extremely likely to cause electrode burnout. The fundamental reason for electrode burnout is that the welding plume generated by high power absorbs the laser energy, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the plume plasma and heating the hollow electrode. Therefore, the hollow electrode must be redesigned.

[0005] Similarly, in hollow electrode TIG welding, especially in welding with large current, a large amount of welding fumes and spatter are likely to enter the inside of the hollow electrode and deposit inside the electrode. This not only affects the electrical conductivity of the electrode, but the deposits may fall into the weld during the welding process, contaminating the weld and reducing the weld quality. The smoke and powder may also burn inside the electrode, thereby causing electrode burnout. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The utility model aims at the above problems and provides a split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding.

[0007] The technical solution adopted is a split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding. The split-type hollow electrode includes an electrode and an electrode tip, and the electrode and the electrode tip are detachably connected. The inside of the electrode is a hollow structure, and a laser passes through the electrode.

[0008] A plume isolation ring is placed at the connection between the electrode tip and the electrode, and the laser can pass through the plume isolation ring.

[0009] Optionally, the electrode and the electrode tip are detachably connected by means of threads.

[0010] Optionally, a boss is provided at the connection between the electrode and the electrode tip, and the Yuhui isolation ring is placed at the boss.

[0011] Optionally, a gasket and a spacer ring are provided at the boss. The spacer ring is provided at the bottom of the Yuhui isolation ring, and the gasket is provided at the side of the Yuhui isolation ring.

[0012] Optionally, both the gasket and the spacer ring are made of high-temperature-resistant carbon fiber material.

[0013] Optionally, a perforation is provided on the Yuhui isolation ring, and a high-temperature-resistant light-transmitting glass is covered on the perforation. The perforation is circular, and the center of the perforation coincides with the center of the Yuhui isolation ring.

[0014] Optionally, a ventilation round through-hole is further provided on the Yuhui isolation ring, and the ventilation round through-hole is arranged around the perforation.

[0015] Optionally, a ventilation and dust-proof mechanism is provided in the ventilation round through-hole.

[0016] Optionally, the ventilation and dust-proof mechanism is a ventilation filter screen, and the ventilation filter screen is made of carbon fiber by weaving.

[0017] The advantages of the present utility model include:

[0018] 1. The hollow electrode is set as a split type, that is, the electrode part and the electrode tip part can be detached. In this way, only the electrode tip can be replaced after the electrode is used for a period of time, which greatly reduces the use cost;

[0019] 2. Welding the Yuhui isolation ring between the electrode part and the electrode tip part can prevent the Yuhui of high-power laser welding from entering the hollow electrode cavity, depositing in the hollow electrode cavity, blocking the energy transmission of the laser beam, and absorbing the energy of the laser beam, resulting in overheating, burning damage and rupture of the electrode due to temperature rise;

[0020] 3. Since the electrode part adopts a hollow structure, a certain flow rate of protective gas flows through the hollow electrode cavity of the Yuhui isolation ring. This can not only reduce the gas temperature in the hollow electrode cavity, play a good role in cooling the hollow electrode, and extend the service life of the electrode, but also the protective gas in the hollow tungsten electrode cavity can flow out through the small holes of the Yuhui isolation ring, which can disperse the Yuhui gathered at the tungsten electrode tip;

[0021] 4. In the TIG welding of the hollow electrode, when the welding current is too large, the hollow electrode with the Yuhui isolation ring can prevent a large amount of welding fumes and spatter from entering the hollow electrode cavity. This can not only prevent the smoke and dust from catching fire and burning in the hollow electrode cavity, extend the service life of the electrode, but also reduce the probability of the deposited matter falling into the weld seam and thus deteriorating the weld quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the electrode for coaxial composite welding of a laser hollow electrode;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plume isolation ring;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the plume isolation ring.

[0025] Wherein the reference numerals: 1 is the plume isolation ring, 2 is the high-temperature resistant light-transmitting glass, 3 is the air-permeable filter screen, 4 is the air-permeable round through-hole, 5 is the perforation, 10 is the laser beam, 11 is the electrode, 12 is the electrode tip, 13 is the gasket, 14 is the spacer ring, 15 is the arc. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout type of its components may also be more complex.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, a split-type hollow electrode for isolating the plume of high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding, wherein the split-type hollow electrode includes an electrode 11 and an electrode tip 12, and the electrode 11 and the electrode tip 12 are detachably connected. The inside of the electrode 11 is a hollow structure, and a laser beam 10 passes through the electrode 11;

[0029] A plume isolation ring 1 is placed at the connection between the electrode tip 12 and the electrode 11, and the laser beam 10 can pass through the plume isolation ring 1.

[0030] The purpose of such a design is that the hollow electrode is designed as a split type, that is, the electrode part and the electrode tip part can be disassembled. After the electrode is used for a period of time, only the electrode tip can be replaced, which greatly reduces the use cost. Welding a plume isolation ring between the electrode part and the electrode tip part can prevent the high-power laser welding plume from entering the hollow electrode cavity, depositing in the hollow electrode cavity, blocking the energy transmission of the laser beam, and absorbing the energy of the laser beam, resulting in overheating and burnout and rupture of the electrode due to temperature rise.

[0031] In this embodiment, a specific connection method between the electrode and the electrode tip is provided, that is, the two are detachably connected by means of threads. At the same time, a boss is provided at the connection of the electrode 11 and the electrode tip 12, and the plume isolation ring 1 is placed at the boss. A gasket 13 and a spacer ring 14 are provided at the boss. The spacer ring 14 is provided at the bottom of the plume isolation ring 1, and the gasket 13 is provided on the side of the plume isolation ring 1.

[0032] It should be noted that the gasket and the spacer ring are made of high-temperature resistant carbon fiber, which mainly plays the role of insulation and heat insulation. At the same time, the electrode tip mainly plays the role of arc ignition.

[0033] At the same time, since the electrode part adopts a hollow structure, a certain flow of protective gas is passed through the hollow electrode cavity of the plume isolation ring, which can not only reduce the gas temperature in the hollow electrode cavity, play a good role in cooling the hollow electrode, and extend the service life of the electrode.

[0034] In this embodiment, a perforation 5 is provided on the plume isolation ring 1, and a high-temperature resistant transparent glass 2 is covered on the perforation 5. The perforation 5 is circular, and the center of the perforation 5 coincides with the center of the plume isolation ring 1.

[0035] The purpose of such a design is that by setting the center of the perforation to coincide with the center of the plume isolation ring, the whole has good symmetry.

[0036] Such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a breathable circular through-hole 4 is further provided on the plume isolation ring 1, and the breathable circular through-hole 4 is arranged around the perforation 5. The center of the breathable circular through-hole 4 arranged around coincides with the center of the perforation 5.

[0037] The purpose of such a design is that a breathable circular through-hole is provided on the structure of the plume isolation ring, which can pass a certain flow of protective gas into the hollow electrode cavity. The protective gas can flow out through the breathable circular through-hole of the plume isolation ring, and can disperse the plume gathered at the tungsten electrode tip. Therefore, the structure provided in this application can not only isolate the welding plume, welding fumes and spatter, but also play the role of ventilating and dispersing the welding plume, greatly improving the welding effect.

[0038] In this embodiment, a breathable and dust-proof mechanism is provided inside the breathable circular through-hole 4. The breathable and dust-proof mechanism is a breathable filter screen 3, and the breathable filter screen 3 is made of carbon fiber textiles.

[0039] The purpose of such a design is that when the welding current exceeds 200 A, a large amount of welding fumes will be generated. The isolation ring can prevent the fumes and spatter from entering the hollow electrode through the provided breathable filter screen while ensuring that the protective gas can flow outwards through the breathable circular through-hole of the Yuhui isolation ring.

[0040] It should be noted that the high-power laser referred to in this embodiment usually refers to a laser with a power exceeding 1000 W, and the large current refers to a welding current exceeding 200 A. The material of the high-temperature resistant and light-transmitting glass is an existing technology. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate raw materials to manufacture it when implementing this solution, and the change of raw materials will not cause a significant change in the technical effect provided by this application.

[0041] In this embodiment, a specific setting method of the high-temperature resistant and light-transmitting glass and the Yuhui isolation ring is provided. A frustum is provided on the perforation 5, and along the laser transmission direction, the frustum is located above the perforation 5, and the high-temperature resistant and light-transmitting glass 2 is embedded in the frustum, as Figure 3 shown. At the same time, the diameter b2 of the Yuhui isolation ring 1 is 22 mm, the diameter b1 of the perforation 5 is 8 mm, the diameter b4 of the frustum is 12.5 mm, the diameter a1 of the high-temperature resistant and light-transmitting glass 2 is 12 mm, and the diameter b3 of the breathable circular through-hole 4 is 2 mm.

[0042] It should be noted that in the coaxial composite welding of high-power laser hollow electrodes with traditional integrated hollow electrodes, the welding plume is likely to enter the hollow electrode cavity, absorb a large amount of laser beam energy, seriously block the transmission of the laser beam energy, and cause a large increase in the temperature of the plume plasma, heating the hollow electrode and thus causing electrode burnout. The Yuhui isolation ring in this embodiment can prevent the welding plume from entering the hollow electrode cavity, thereby solving the influence of the welding plume entering the hollow tungsten electrode cavity on the transmission of the laser beam energy during the high-power laser welding process.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separable split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in high-power laser-arc coaxial hybrid welding, characterized in that, The split-type hollow electrode includes an electrode (11) and an electrode tip (12), and the electrode (11) and the electrode tip (12) are detachably connected. The inside of the electrode (11) is a hollow structure, and a laser beam (10) passes through the electrode (11). A plume isolation ring (1) is placed at the connection between the electrode tip (12) and the electrode (11), and the laser beam (10) can pass through the plume isolation ring (1).

2. The split hollow electrode for isolating plume in coaxial hybrid welding of high-power laser and arc according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode (11) and the electrode tip (12) are detachably connected by means of threads.

3. A separable high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding plume split-type hollow electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, A boss is provided at the connection between the electrode (11) and the electrode tip (12), and the plume isolation ring (1) is placed at the boss.

4. A separable high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding plume split-type hollow electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that, A gasket (13) and a spacer ring (14) are provided at the boss. The spacer ring (14) is provided at the bottom of the plume isolation ring (1), and the gasket (13) is provided at the side of the plume isolation ring (1).

5. The split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in coaxial hybrid welding of high-power laser and arc according to claim 4, characterized in that Both the gasket (13) and the spacer ring (14) are made of high-temperature-resistant carbon fiber material.

6. A separable high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding plume split-type hollow electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, A perforation (5) is provided on the plume isolation ring (1), and a high-temperature-resistant light-transmitting glass (2) covers the perforation (5). The perforation (5) is circular, and the center of the perforation (5) coincides with the center of the plume isolation ring (1).

7. A separable high-power laser-arc coaxial composite welding plume split-type hollow electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, A breathable circular through-hole (4) is also provided on the plume isolation ring (1), and the breathable circular through-hole (4) is arranged around the perforation (5).

8. A split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in coaxial composite welding of high-power laser and arc according to claim 7, characterized in that, A breathable and dust-proof mechanism is provided in the breathable circular through-hole (4).

9. The split-type hollow electrode for isolating plume in coaxial composite welding of high-power laser and arc according to claim 8, wherein, The breathable and dust-proof mechanism is a breathable filter screen (3), and the breathable filter screen (3) is made of carbon fiber textile.

Images