Trash rack trash cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower engineering

Abstract

The trash rack trash cleaning system comprises a trash cleaning machine, a trash collecting hopper and a walking track, the trash cleaning machine comprises a walking mechanism, a framework, a trash cleaning grab bucket, a first power mechanism and a second power mechanism, and the first power mechanism comprises a first power source, a pair of winding drums and two first steel wire ropes. Each winding drum is provided with a first winding part and a second winding part, the first steel wire rope is wound around the first winding part, the second power mechanism comprises an electric push rod, a second steel wire rope and a tensioning pulley, and the second steel wire rope is wound around the second winding part. The steel wire ropes for lifting, opening and closing the cleaning grab bucket share the winding drums, the number of the winding drums and the number of power sources used by the winding drums are reduced, the structure is simple and compact, and energy consumption is reduced; the tensioning pulley is opened and closed through the electric push rod, the installation space is saved, the failure rate is reduced, and environmental pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of debris cleaning in water conservancy and hydropower projects, and particularly relates to a trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower projects, in order to ensure the normal opening and closing of water retaining gates or the safe operation of water conservancy power generation equipment, debris is often intercepted on the upstream side of water retaining gates, water retaining dams and water conservancy power generation equipment. For example, a trash rack is installed in front of the gate, in front of the dam or at the inlet of the power generation equipment to intercept the dirt, and then a debris cleaning device is used to clean the intercepted dirt. At present, a debris cleaning machine is a commonly used trash rack cleaning device, and its grab is used to grab the dirt on the trash rack and send it to a designated position. However, the cleaning grab of the existing debris cleaning machine often uses a cylinder or an oil cylinder as the power for the grab to open and close, which requires a large installation space, and also requires a supporting air circuit or oil circuit, with a complex structure and high use and maintenance costs; during cleaning, the air pipe, oil pipe, cable or pump station needs to be deep underwater and is easily damaged under the action of debris in the water, with a high failure rate; the risk of oil leakage in the hydraulic oil circuit is relatively large and is likely to cause water source pollution; the cleaning grab often uses the top gate crane as the lifting equipment, and the self-weight of the lifting equipment is dozens or hundreds of times that of the dirt, with low cleaning efficiency and high energy consumption. In summary, it is very necessary to develop a special debris cleaning device with high efficiency, low failure rate, small pollution risk, high intelligence and high automation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects of the utility model includes a debris cleaning machine, a dirt collecting hopper and a traveling track. The debris cleaning machine includes a traveling mechanism, a framework, a cleaning grab, a first power mechanism for driving the cleaning grab to lift and a second power mechanism for driving the cleaning grab to open and close. The traveling mechanism has a vehicle frame and a third power mechanism for driving the vehicle frame to travel along the traveling track; the framework is provided with a guiding track, and the cleaning grab is provided with a plurality of pairs of guiding wheels moving along the guiding track; the inclination angle of the guiding track is the same as that of the cleaning grab; the first power mechanism includes a first power source, a pair of drums driven by the first power source and two first steel wire ropes. Each drum has a first winding part and a second winding part, and one of the first steel wire ropes is wound on the first winding part of each drum. The first steel wire rope bypasses a first fixed pulley on the framework and is connected to the lifting point at the top of the cleaning grab;

[0006] The second power mechanism is arranged in pairs and includes electric push rods, second steel wires and pulley assemblies which are obliquely arranged on the upper part of the framework. The pulley assemblies include second fixed pulleys, third fixed pulleys and tension pulleys driven by the electric push rods which are fixed above the guiding tracks. The second steel wires are wound around the second winding parts of the drums, and are connected with the lifting points in the middle of the dirt cleaning grab after passing through the second fixed pulleys, the tension pulleys and the third fixed pulleys. The beneficial effects are as follows: in the utility model, the first steel wires for lifting the dirt cleaning grab and the second steel wires for opening and closing share the same drum, reducing the number of drums and the number of power sources used by the drums, making the structure simpler and more compact, and greatly reducing the energy consumption; the first steel wires and the second steel wires share the same drum, and the second steel wires also share a certain force when not opening and closing, making the force on the dirt cleaning grabber more balanced and effectively ensuring the safe lifting of the dirt cleaning grab.

[0007] In the utility model, the electric push rods are used to make the tension pulleys move linearly to open and close the dirt cleaning grab, which can not only meet the requirements of grabbing and releasing dirt, realize the cleaning of the dirt on the trash rack, but also has the advantages of small installation space, high precision, good synchronism of the electric push rods, no need for additional air sources and air circuits or hydraulic stations and supporting pipelines, low failure rate, avoiding environmental pollution, and can control the opening and closing actions of the dirt cleaning grab within 1 minute to meet the actual dirt cleaning requirements.

[0008] The trash rack dirt cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects described in the utility model further includes a control system; a first limit switch and a first encoder are installed at the end of the barrel shaft of one of the drums, load limiters are installed on the installation shafts of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley, a third limit switch is installed on the second power mechanism, so that the second power mechanism automatically stops after reaching the position; a second limit switch and a second encoder are arranged on the traveling mechanism, and the signal output ends of the first limit switch, the first encoder, the second encoder, the third limit switch, the load limiter and the second limit switch are connected with the signal input end of the control system, and the alarm signal output end of the control system is connected with the alarm signal input end of the alarm. The beneficial effects are as follows: the utility model uses encoders, limit switches, limit switches and load limiters to monitor the operation states of each mechanism, further ensuring the safe operation of the dirt cleaning machine and facilitating the realization of automatic dirt cleaning.

[0009] Preferably, the first power source includes a first motor and a first speed reducer which is in transmission connection with the first motor; at least two brakes are installed on the high-speed shaft of the first speed reducer; the third power mechanism includes a third motor and a third speed reducer which is in transmission connection with the third motor, and a rail clamp is arranged on the vehicle frame. The beneficial effects are as follows: one of the two brakes on the first power source is a working brake and the other is a safety brake, and the safety factors are both greater than 1.75, effectively ensuring the safe operation of the first power source.

[0010] Preferably, the dirt collecting hopper is arranged on the upstream side of the trash rack and below the trash cleaning grab bucket. It is a box structure with an upper opening, including a side frame, a bottom frame welded to the bottom of the side frame, and side steel plates welded to the side frame. A bottom plate is movably inserted into the bottom frame, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom frame through a plurality of locking units. The beneficial effects are as follows: The utility model fixes the bottom plate by using the locking units, effectively ensuring the fixing effect of the bottom plate in the locked state, and facilitating the extraction of the bottom plate in the non-locked state, thus facilitating the unloading of sundries to the designated position.

[0011] More preferably, the locking unit includes a locking hook hinged on the side frame and a locking plate arranged on the bottom frame. The hook part of the locking hook is clamped in the locking hole of the locking plate. During actual processing, the hook part of the locking hook is a right-angled triangle structure, which is convenient for entering and exiting the locking hole, and thus convenient for locking and unlocking.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the framework is connected with a ceiling through a section steel. The ceiling is an arc structure, and the ceiling is made of double-layer color plastic steel plates, and a fireproof and heat-insulating board is selected for the middle interlayer. Installing an arc-shaped ceiling on the top of the framework has a good rain-proof effect and protects the equipment on the vehicle frame.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are as follows: In the present utility model, the first steel wire rope for the lifting of the trash cleaning grab bucket and the second steel wire rope for opening and closing share a winding drum, reducing the number of winding drums and the number of power sources used by the winding drums, making the structure simpler and more compact, and greatly reducing energy consumption; the first steel wire rope and the second steel wire rope share a winding drum, and the second steel wire rope also shares a certain force when not opening and closing, making the force on the trash cleaning grab hand more balanced and effectively ensuring the safe lifting of the trash cleaning grab bucket. The present utility model uses an electric push rod to linearly move the tension pulley to control the opening and closing states of the trash cleaning grab bucket, which can not only meet the requirements of grabbing and releasing dirt, realize the cleaning of dirt on the trash rack, but also has a small installation space, high precision, good synchronism for the electric push rod, does not require an additional air source and air circuit or a hydraulic station and supporting pipelines, has a low failure rate, can avoid environmental pollution, and can also control the opening and closing actions of the trash cleaning grab bucket within 1 minute to meet the actual trash cleaning requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a side view of

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first power mechanism of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 is a winding schematic diagram of the second steel wire rope of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a winding schematic diagram of the first steel wire rope of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a side view of the dirt cleaning grab of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a front view of the dirt collecting hopper of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 8 is Figure 7 side view of

[0022] Figure 9 It is a circuit principle block diagram of the present utility model. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following will describe the embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present utility model, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0025] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood through specific situations.

[0026] Such as Figures 1-6 shown, the trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects described in the present utility model includes a cleaning machine, a dirt collecting hopper 1 and a traveling track 2. The cleaning machine includes a traveling mechanism, a framework 3, a dirt cleaning grab 4, a first power mechanism 5 for driving the dirt cleaning grab 4 to lift, and a second power mechanism for driving the dirt cleaning grab 4 to open and close. The traveling mechanism has a vehicle frame 7b and a third power mechanism for driving the vehicle frame to travel along the traveling track 2;

[0027] The frame 3 is provided with a guide track 3a, and the cleaning grab bucket 4 is provided with a plurality of guide wheels 4a moving along the guide track 3a. The inclination angle of the guide track 3a is consistent with that of the cleaning grab bucket 4. The first power mechanism 5 drives the cleaning grab bucket 4 to rise and fall along the guide track 3a, thereby meeting the demand for grabbing and releasing the waste.

[0028] The first power mechanism 5 includes a first power source, a pair of drums 5a driven by the first power source, and two first steel wire ropes 5b. The first power source includes a first motor 5c and a first reducer 5d connected to the first motor 5c. The output shaft (i.e., the low-speed shaft) of the first reducer 5d has a small gear at each end, and each end of the drum 5a has a large gear. The large gear and the small gear are meshed one by one, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the two drums 5a. Each drum 5a is divided into two parts, each including a first winding part F1 and a second winding part F2. 2. The first winding part F1 and the second winding part F2 both have spiral rope grooves, and a first steel wire rope 5b is wound around the first winding part F1 on each drum 5a; the garbage grab 4 has a crossbeam 4b and a plurality of rake teeth 4c hinged side by side on the crossbeam 4b, and the spacing of the rake teeth 4c can be designed according to the grid spacing of the trash rack; the crossbeam 4b has two lifting points D1 (with a spacing of 1.8m), and the first steel wire rope 5b is connected to the two lifting points D1 one by one after passing through the first fixed pulley 5e, and then the lifting and lowering of the garbage grab is realized by pulling the crossbeam 4b;

[0029] The second power mechanism is arranged in pairs (in this embodiment, there are two second power mechanisms), including an electric push rod 6a, a second steel wire rope 6b and a pulley assembly obliquely arranged at the upper part of the other side of the skeleton 3. The pulley assembly includes a second fixed pulley 6c, a third fixed pulley 6d and a tensioning pulley 6e driven by the electric push rod 6a fixed above the guide track 3a. The second steel wire rope 6b is wound around the second winding part F2 of the drum 5a. The middle part of two rake teeth 4c of the cleaning grab 4 is provided with an opening and closing lifting point D2. The second steel wire rope 6b is connected to the opening and closing lifting point D2 in the middle of the cleaning grab 4 after passing through the second fixed pulley 6c, the tensioning pulley 6e and the third fixed pulley 6d. When working, the electric push rod 6a changes the winding condition of the second steel wire rope 6b by driving the tensioning pulley 6e to move linearly, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the cleaning grab 4 (the opening and closing of the cleaning grab 4 can be controlled within 1 minute).

[0030] The first steel wire rope 5b for lifting and the second steel wire rope 6b for opening and closing share the drum 5a, which reduces the number of drums 5a and the number of power sources used by the drum 5a, making the structure simpler and more compact; since the first steel wire rope 5b and the second steel wire rope 6b share the drum 5a, the two are synchronously retracted and released, and the second steel wire rope 6b also shares a certain force when not opening and closing, so that the force on the cleaning grab is more balanced, effectively ensuring the safe lifting and lowering of the cleaning grab 4.

[0031] The third power mechanism of the utility model adopts a three-in-one vertical reduction gear 7a, which includes a third motor and a third reducer that is drivingly connected to the third motor. The third reducer is drivingly connected to the wheel axle on the vehicle frame 7b. During actual installation, a K series three-in-one reducer can be directly adopted, and the third motor uses a variable frequency speed regulation motor with a power of 1.5KW, so that the traveling speed of the sewage cleaning machine is controlled within 2 - 20m / min;

[0032] The first motor 5c adopts a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the motor power can be selected according to actual requirements. The first reducer 5d selects a QJR-D236-20 type medium-hard tooth surface reducer, and the lifting speed of the sewage cleaning grab 4 is controlled within 12.5m / min; The first steel wire rope 5b and the second steel wire rope 6b adopt 6X19W+FC-1770ZS stainless steel wire ropes with a diameter of 14mm. The steel wire ropes need to be pre-stretched to effectively ensure the safe operation of the sewage cleaning machine. Using stainless steel wire ropes eliminates the need for surface oil coating for anti-corrosion, and can greatly reduce pollution during sewage cleaning.

[0033] During actual installation, the first power mechanism 5 is equipped with two brakes (both using electromagnetic drum brakes), one is a working brake and the other is a safety brake, and the safety factors are both greater than 1.75. When the first power mechanism 5 stops, the brakes can be used to apply the brake to achieve braking.

[0034] The utility model further includes a control system. Combining Figure 9 it can be known that a first limit switch and a first encoder (the first limit switch and the encoder are of an integral structure, and the encoder uses an absolute encoder) are installed at the end of the barrel shaft of one of the drums 5a. A third limit switch is installed on the electric push rod 6a. Load limiters are installed on the mounting shafts of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley 6c. A second limit switch F4 and a second encoder F5 are arranged on the traveling mechanism. The signal output ends of the first limit switch, the first encoder, the second encoder F5, the third limit switch, the load limiter and the second limit switch F4 are connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the alarm signal output end of the control system is connected to the alarm signal input end of the alarm; The control output end of the control system is respectively connected to the control input ends of the third power mechanism, the first motor and the electric push rod, so as to realize automatic sewage cleaning;

[0035] Among them, the first encoder can transmit signals of any position, upper limit, lower limit and opening degree of the sewage cleaning grab 4 to the control system. When the upper limit, lower limit or preset opening degree is reached, the alarm gives an alarm and controls the first power mechanism 5 to stop running; The first limit switch is used to monitor the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the sewage cleaning grab 4, and acts when the encoder fails, further ensuring the safe operation of the sewage cleaning machine;

[0036] The load limiter has overload and underload protection performance. When the load of the pulley reaches 90% of the rated load, it sends an output signal to the control system, and the control system controls the alarm to send an alarm signal; when its load exceeds 10% of the rated load or is underloaded by 10%, the power supply of the first power mechanism 5 can be cut off and the brake is engaged;

[0037] The third limit switch is used to monitor the movement position of the electric push rod. When the electric push rod moves into place, the third limit switch sends a signal to the control system, and the control system controls the electric push rod to stop moving;

[0038] The second encoder transmits the position signal of the garbage cleaning machine to the control system. The second encoder is provided with multiple position nodes and an automatic calibration function of the limit position, thereby determining the position of the garbage cleaning machine. The second limit switch is used to monitor the limit position of the traveling mechanism. When the second encoder fails, it is activated to ensure that the garbage cleaning machine operates safely within the set travel range. In addition, a rail clamp 9 is provided on the traveling mechanism to prevent the garbage cleaning machine from being blown away by strong winds.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 It can be seen that the top of the frame 3 is connected to an arc-shaped ceiling 8 through a steel section, which can protect the various power sources on the frame 7b. The ceiling 9 is made of a double-layer colored plastic steel plate, and the middle layer is made of a fireproof insulation board.

[0040] Combination Figures 7-8 It can be seen that the trash collecting hopper 1 is arranged on the upstream side of the trash rack F3 and below the trash cleaning grab 4. The trash collecting hopper 1 is an upper-open box structure, including a side frame, a bottom frame 1.2 welded to the bottom of the side frame (the bottom frame is made of angle steel and square steel pipe) and a side steel plate 1.1 (3mm thick steel plate) welded to the side frame (square steel pipe). A bottom plate (two pieces) is movably inserted in the bottom frame 1.2, and the bottom plate is connected to the bottom frame through multiple locking units to prevent the bottom plate from falling out. Among them, the locking unit includes a locking hook 1.3 hinged on the side frame and a locking plate 1.4 arranged on the bottom frame. The hook portion of the locking hook 1.3 is a right-angled triangle structure with a hypotenuse for convenient entry and exit. The upper part of the locking hook 1.3 is hinged, and its hook portion is clamped in the locking hole of the locking plate 1.4 under the action of its own weight to prevent the bottom plate 1.2 from falling off; when it is necessary to unload dirt, the locking hook 1.3 is rotated upward to make it fall out of the lock hole, so that unlocking can be achieved, which is convenient for operation.

[0041] During actual operation, the sewage cleaning machine is moved into position, and the electric push rod 6a is used to adjust the sewage cleaning grab 4 to an open state (the tip at the bottom of the rake teeth 4c extends into the trash rack by about 30 mm). The first motor 5c transmits power to the drum 5a through the first reducer 5d and the meshing gears to release the first steel wire rope 5b and the second steel wire rope 6b, causing the sewage cleaning grab 4 to descend, allowing the sewage to enter the sewage cleaning grab 4. When the sewage accumulates to a certain extent (the accumulation of sewage can be determined according to the load detected by the load limiter), the push rod of the electric push rod 6a extends forward to release the tension pulley 6e, thereby fixing the sewage in the sewage cleaning grab 4. The first power mechanism 5 is used to drive the sewage cleaning grab 4 to move obliquely upward along the guide rail 3a, and the third power mechanism is used to drive the whole sewage cleaning machine to move above the sewage collection hopper 1. The push rod of the electric push rod 6a retracts to open the sewage cleaning grab 4, and the sewage in the sewage cleaning grab 4 falls into the sewage collection hopper 1. When the sewage collection hopper 1 is full, it is started to the designated sewage position.

[0042] It should be noted that the above control system can adopt general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, conventional processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with the DSP core, controllers, microcontrollers, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), as well as state machines, industrial control computers, etc.

[0043] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative labor, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising a cleaning machine, a dirt collecting hopper and a traveling track. The cleaning machine includes a traveling mechanism, a framework, a cleaning grab bucket, a first power mechanism for driving the cleaning grab bucket to lift, and a second power mechanism for driving the cleaning grab bucket to open and close. The traveling mechanism has a vehicle frame and a third power mechanism for driving the vehicle frame to travel along the traveling track; the framework is provided with a guiding track, and the cleaning grab bucket is provided with multiple pairs of guiding wheels that move along the guiding track; it is characterized in that: The inclination angle of the guide track is consistent with that of the garbage cleaning grab; the first power mechanism includes a first power source, a pair of drums driven by the first power source, and two first steel wire ropes, each of the drums has a first winding part and a second winding part, and one of the first steel wire ropes is wound around the first winding part on each drum, and the first steel wire rope passes around the first fixed pulley on the frame and is connected to the lifting point on the top of the garbage cleaning grab; The second power mechanism is arranged in pairs, including an electric push rod obliquely arranged on the upper part of the frame, a second steel wire rope and a pulley assembly, the pulley assembly includes a second fixed pulley, a third fixed pulley and a tensioning pulley driven by the electric push rod fixed above the guide rail, the second steel wire rope is wound around the second winding part and connected to the lifting point in the middle of the cleaning grab after passing through the second fixed pulley, the tensioning pulley and the third fixed pulley.

2. The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system; a first limit switch and a first encoder are installed on the end of the shaft of one of the reels, a load limiter is installed on the mounting shafts of the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley, a second limit switch and a second encoder are arranged on the walking mechanism, and a third limit switch is arranged on the second power mechanism, the signal output ends of the first limit switch, the first encoder, the second encoder, the third limit switch, the load limiter and the second limit switch are connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the alarm signal output end of the control system is connected to the alarm signal input end of the alarm.

3. The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power source includes a first motor and a first reducer connected to the first motor, and at least two brakes are installed on the high-speed shaft of the first reducer; the third power mechanism includes a third motor and a third reducer connected to the third motor, and a track clamp is provided on the frame.

4. The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trash collecting hopper is arranged on the upstream side of the trash rack and below the trash cleaning grab bucket. It is an upper open box structure, including a side frame, a bottom frame welded to the bottom of the side frame and a side steel plate welded to the side frame. A bottom plate is movably inserted in the bottom frame, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom frame through a plurality of locking units.

5. The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 4, wherein: The locking unit comprises a locking hook hinged on the side frame and a locking plate arranged on the bottom frame, and a hook portion of the locking hook is clamped in a locking hole of the locking plate.

6. The trash rack cleaning system for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame is connected with a ceiling via a steel section, and the ceiling is an arc-shaped structure.

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