Production system of solar cell and production system of photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model provides a production system of a solar battery piece. The production system comprises light injection equipment, laser lossless cutting equipment, sub-piece section passivation equipment and sub-piece laser-induced sintering equipment which are arranged in sequence. The sub-sheet section passivation equipment comprises a reaction cavity and a material box, and a processing window is arranged on one side of the material box. The sub-piece laser-induced sintering equipment comprises a sub-piece rotary machining workbench module, the sub-piece rotary machining workbench module comprises a rotary driving mechanism, a plurality of bearing tables are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sub-piece rotary machining workbench module, the rotary driving mechanism drives the bearing tables to rotate in a stepping mode to pass through at least one machining station, and the machining station is provided with a laser machining module and an electric input module. The bearing table comprises a plurality of bearing areas arranged in parallel, each bearing area is provided with an independently-controlled adsorption cavity and connected with the vacuum device, and the number of the bearing areas is the same as that of the sub-sheets. Damage on the cutting side face is repaired through sub-piece section passivation equipment, then sub-piece laser-induced sintering equipment is used, and the efficiency improved through laser-induced sintering does not have the risk of high-temperature loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar cell processing, and relates to a production system of solar cells and production equipment of photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] At present, the production line of solar cells and photovoltaic modules using laser-induced sintering (LIF) technology includes a solar cell production line, electrode production equipment, light injection equipment, laser-induced sintering equipment, test and sorting equipment, non-destructive cutting equipment, side sub-cell cut surface passivation equipment, and module production equipment arranged in sequence.

[0003] The applicant found in the research that in the existing production line, after the solar cells pass through the laser-induced sintering equipment and are sorted by the test and sorting equipment, when passing through the sub-cell cut surface passivation equipment, the improved efficiency of laser-induced sintering may have high-temperature failure. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a production system of solar cells and production equipment of photovoltaic modules, which can solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, the utility model provides a production system of solar cells, including a light injection equipment, a laser non-destructive cutting equipment, a sub-cell cut surface passivation equipment, and a sub-cell laser-induced sintering equipment arranged in sequence after a sintering equipment.

[0006] In a production system of solar cells in some embodiments, the sub-cell cut surface passivation equipment includes a reaction chamber and a material box. One side of the material box is provided with a processing window, and the cutting side of the sub-cells of the solar cells is arranged on the side of this processing window.

[0007] In a production system of solar cells in some embodiments, the sub-cell laser-induced sintering equipment includes a sub-cell rotating processing workbench module. The sub-cell rotating processing workbench module includes a rotation driving mechanism, and a plurality of bearing platforms are evenly arranged along its circumferential direction. The rotation driving mechanism drives the bearing platforms to stepwise rotate through at least one processing station, and the processing station is provided with a laser processing module and an electrical input module;

[0008] Among them, the bearing platform includes a plurality of bearing areas arranged in parallel, and each bearing area is provided with an independently controlled adsorption chamber, which are respectively connected to a vacuum device. Among them, the number of bearing areas is the same as the number of sub-cells.

[0009] In a production system of solar cells in some embodiments, a conductive plate is arranged on the bearing platform, and the electrical input module includes a lifting assembly and a first conductive member and a second conductive member arranged on the lifting assembly;

[0010] When the carrier table carries the sub - wafer at the processing station, the second conductive member is correspondingly arranged above the edge of the carrier table located at the processing station, and the first conductive member is correspondingly arranged above the sub - wafer;

[0011] The lifting assembly drives the first conductive member and the second conductive member to descend. The second conductive member contacts the conductive plate of the carrier table, and the first conductive member contacts the upper - surface grid lines of the sub - wafer to apply a voltage to the sub - wafer;

[0012] The laser processing module is arranged above the first conductive member.

[0013] In a production system of a solar cell wafer according to some embodiments, the carrier table sequentially passes through two processing stations, namely the first processing station and the second processing station. The vertical distances from the first conductive members at the first processing station and the second processing station to the rotation center of the carrier table are different.

[0014] In a production system of a solar cell wafer according to some embodiments, the electrical input module includes a first electrode and a second electrode. Both the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged below the bearing surface of the carrier table and are respectively used for making electrical contact with the positive - electrode and negative - electrode on the back surface of the sub - wafer carried by the carrier table. The carrier table includes a hollowed - out portion for the first electrode and the second electrode to pass through;

[0015] Among them, there are multiple electrical input modules, and the electrical input modules and the bearing areas are arranged in one - to - one correspondence. The laser processing module is arranged above the carrier table.

[0016] In a production system of a solar cell wafer according to some embodiments, the electrical input module further includes a horizontal position adjustment mechanism that moves in the horizontal plane. The electrical input module is connected to the horizontal position adjustment mechanism, and the horizontal position adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position and / or angle of the electrical input module in the horizontal plane.

[0017] In a production system of a solar cell wafer according to an embodiment, a support device is further arranged at the processing station. The support device is located below the laser processing module and above the carrier table. The support device includes a transparent support plate and a lifting mechanism connected to the transparent support plate. The lifting mechanism drives the transparent support plate to approach or move away from the carrier table. The transmittance of the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module through the transparent support plate is more than 95%.

[0018] In a production system of a solar cell wafer according to some embodiments, there are 4 carrier tables in the sub - wafer rotary processing workbench module. The rotation driving mechanism drives the carrier table to rotate 90 degrees. The carrier table sequentially passes through the loading station, at least one processing station, and the unloading station; the number of bearing areas is two;

[0019] It further includes a double-piece loading conveyor module, a double-piece loading rotating arm module, a double-piece unloading rotating arm module, and a double-piece unloading conveyor module arranged in sequence. Among them, the sub-piece rotating processing workbench module is arranged between the double-piece loading conveyor module and the double-piece unloading conveyor module. The loading station is arranged close to the double-piece loading conveyor module, and the unloading station is arranged close to the double-piece unloading conveyor module;

[0020] Among them, the double-piece loading conveyor module is arranged along the first direction and includes two loading pulley groups arranged at intervals along the second direction, a loading driving motor for driving the rotation of the driving pulley of the loading pulley group. One sub-piece battery piece is placed on each loading pulley group, so that the two sub-pieces are synchronously conveyed along the first direction;

[0021] The double-piece unloading conveyor module is arranged along the first direction and includes two unloading pulley groups arranged at intervals along the second direction, an unloading driving motor for driving the rotation of the driving pulley of the unloading pulley group. One sub-piece battery piece is placed on each unloading pulley group, so that the two sub-pieces are synchronously conveyed along the first direction;

[0022] A double-piece loading rotating arm module is arranged between the double-piece loading conveyor module and the loading station. Among them, the loading rotating arm is connected to the driving shaft of the loading rotating driving part. Two loading suction cup modules with the suction surface facing down are arranged at the free end of the loading rotating arm. Among them, the two loading suction cup modules are arranged at intervals. The loading rotating driving part drives the loading rotating arm to rotate. The loading suction cups suck the two sub-piece battery pieces of the double-piece loading conveyor module, and the loading rotating arm rotates. The loading suction cups release them to the carrier table located at the loading station;

[0023] A double-piece unloading rotating arm module is arranged between the unloading station and the double-piece unloading conveyor module. Among them, the unloading rotating arm is connected to the driving shaft of the unloading rotating driving part. Two unloading suction cup modules with the suction surface facing down are arranged at the free end of the unloading rotating arm. The unloading rotating driving part drives the unloading rotating arm to rotate. The unloading suction cups suck the two sub-piece battery pieces of the carrier table located at the unloading station, and the unloading rotating arm rotates. The unloading suction cups release them to the double-piece unloading conveyor module;

[0024] Among them, the conveying direction of the double-piece loading conveyor module is the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to it in the horizontal plane is the second direction.

[0025] A production system for solar cell pieces in some embodiments further includes a mechanical deviation correction module or a camera positioning module arranged before the loading position. The mechanical deviation correction module is used for mechanical deviation correction of the double-piece sub-pieces, and the camera positioning module is used to obtain the position data of the double-piece sub-pieces.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a production system for photovoltaic modules, including the aforementioned production system for solar cell pieces, and further including a sub-piece electrical performance sorting device and a component preparation production device.

[0027] Through the above technical solutions, the present utility model achieves the following technical effects.

[0028] The production equipment of solar cell wafers provided by the present utility model cuts the cell wafers into solar cell sub-wafers through a laser non-destructive cutting device, then passivates the cutting side edges through a sub-wafer cut surface passivation device, and then conducts laser-induced sintering through a laser-induced sintering device. On the one hand, through the sub-wafer cut surface passivation device, the damage on the cutting side is repaired. On the other hand, the solar cell sub-wafers pass through the sub-wafer cut surface passivation device and the laser-induced sintering device in sequence, and the efficiency improved by laser-induced sintering has no risk of high-temperature loss.

[0029] The production equipment of photovoltaic modules provided by the present utility model sorts and prepares the solar cell sub-wafers obtained from the production system of solar cell wafers. After sorting, the saturation current, open-circuit voltage and other electrical performance parameters of the solar cell wafers in each grade have a high concentration, avoiding the phenomenon of bright and dark patches in the modules caused by the large dispersion of electrical performance parameters in the prior art. Description of the Drawings

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a production system of solar cell wafers and a production system of photovoltaic modules according to the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sub-wafer induced sintering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sub-wafer induced sintering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the deviation correction device of a sub-wafer induced sintering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sub-wafer induced sintering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sub-wafer induced sintering device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the electrical input module of the sub - wafer induced sintering equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the support device of the sub - wafer induced sintering equipment according to an embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0039] To make the above - mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] The present utility model provides a production system for solar cells, including a solar cell production line, a light injection device, a laser non - destructive cutting device, a sub - wafer cut - surface passivation device, and a sub - wafer laser induced sintering device arranged in sequence. Among them, Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a production system for solar cells and a production system for photovoltaic modules according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Using the production equipment for solar cells of the present application, first, the solar cell is cut into multiple solar cell sub - wafers by the laser non - destructive cutting device, and then the cut sides of the sub - wafers are passivated by the sub - wafer cut - surface passivation device. At this time, the solar cells have not been laser induced sintered, and the electrodes and the silicon substrate have not formed a good ohmic contact, so the attenuation of the cells will not be caused. Then, the sub - wafers are laser induced sintered by the laser induced sintering device to improve their silver - silicon contact and enhance their electrical performance.

[0043] Among them, the solar cell production line is a whole - piece solar cell production line, including a functional layer preparation device and an electrode preparation device. Specifically, the solar cell production line can be a TOPCon solar cell production line and other production lines with electrodes on both sides, or a back - contact passivated solar cell production line such as a BC - type solar cell production line, etc.

[0044] Taking the TOPCon solar cell production line as an example, its production process includes preparing a back tunneling oxide layer, an amorphous silicon layer, and a silicon oxide layer on a silicon substrate; preparing a phosphorus diffusion layer on the front side, preparing a passivation layer on both the front and back sides, and preparing electrodes. Of course, it also includes cleaning and texturing the silicon substrate, cleaning the deposited amorphous silicon layer, cleaning the front BSG and the back oxide layer, cleaning the back phosphosilicate glass, etc. The production line of the present application aims to complete the above processes. The key point is not here. Any TOPCon solar cell production line that can be known to those skilled in the art is acceptable.

[0045] Taking the production line of BC-type solar cells as an example, its production includes: boron diffusion to prepare a boron diffusion layer, preparing a mask, phosphorus diffusion to prepare a phosphorus diffusion layer, double-sided passivation, electrode preparation, etc. Of course, it can also include silicon substrate polishing, texturing, etc. The production line of the present application aims to complete the above processes. The key point is not here. Any BC solar cell production line that can be known to those skilled in the art is acceptable.

[0046] Generally, the light injection device, laser non-destructive cutting device, sub-cell cut surface passivation device, and sub-cell laser-induced sintering device sequentially arranged in the present application are generally arranged at the rear end of the electrode preparation device, i.e., the sintering device.

[0047] The laser non-destructive cutting device of the present application can be a non-destructive cutting device for two pieces, three pieces, five pieces, etc., and is used to cut a whole solar cell into two, three, five, etc. sub-cells along its length direction. As a preferred solution, the laser non-destructive cutting device of the present application is preferably a laser non-destructive cutting two-piece device. This is the prior art.

[0048] The light injection device of the present application is a light injection device of the prior art.

[0049] The sub-cell cut surface passivation device of the present application includes: a reaction chamber and a cassette. Among them, a processing window is provided on one side of the cassette, and the cutting side of the sub-cell is arranged on this processing window side, and the cassette is placed in the reaction chamber to deposit a passivation film.

[0050] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the present application provides a sub-cell laser-induced sintering device, including a sub-cell rotary processing workbench module 300, including a rotary drive mechanism 310, and at least two carrier platforms 320 are evenly arranged along its circumference. The rotary drive mechanism 310 drives the carrier platforms 320 to stepwise rotate through at least one processing station.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, four carrier platforms 320 are provided, and the included angle between adjacent carrier platforms 320 is 90 degrees. The rotary drive mechanism 310 drives the carrier platform 320 to rotate step by step by 90 degrees. The carrier platform 320 sequentially passes through the corresponding workstations and completes the corresponding actions. In this embodiment, there are four workstations, namely, a loading workstation provided near the discharge end of the double-piece loading conveyor module 100, a unloading workstation provided near the feeding end of the double-piece unloading conveyor module 500, and a first processing workstation and a second processing workstation provided therebetween. The rotary drive mechanism 310 drives the carrier platform 320 to rotate by 90 degrees, sequentially passing through the loading workstation, the first processing workstation, the second processing workstation, and the unloading workstation, and sequentially completing the corresponding loading, laser-induced sintering processing, and unloading actions at the corresponding workstations. Refer to Figure 2 , where positions of the loading workstation, the first workstation, the second workstation, and the unloading workstation are respectively represented by A, B, C, and D.

[0052] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , for a solar cell with electrodes on both sides such as TOPCon, the carrier platform 320 of the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module 300 includes a first carrier area 321 and a second carrier area 322 arranged side by side. Among them, the carrier platform 320 is correspondingly provided with independently controlled adsorption cavities for the first carrier area 321 and the second carrier area 322, which are respectively connected to a vacuum generating device to provide negative pressure. The upper surface of the carrier platform 320 is correspondingly provided with a first adsorption hole 3211 and a second adsorption hole 3221 for the first carrier area and the second carrier area. Among them, when the carrier platform 320 is located at the loading workstation, the first carrier area 321 and the second carrier area 322 are arranged side by side in the second direction.

[0053] This application is not limited thereto. For the case of being divided into multiple sub-pieces, such as three sub-pieces or four sub-pieces, there are multiple carrier areas arranged in parallel, and each carrier area carries one sub-piece. The carrier areas can be set according to the number of corresponding sub-pieces.

[0054] Refer to Figure 2 , for a solar cell with electrodes on both sides such as TOPCon, above the carrier platform 320 located at the processing workstation, an electric input module 700 is provided. It includes a lifting component 710 and a conductive member 720 provided on the lifting component 710. Among them, the lifting component 710 can be a motor screw module or the like, that is, it can drive the conductive member 720 to lift.

[0055] The conductive member 720 includes a first conductive member 721 and a second conductive member 722. The first conductive member 721 and the second conductive member 722 are respectively connected to the positive or negative electrode of the power supply according to requirements. In this application, both the first conductive member 721 and the second conductive member 722 are arranged downward. During processing, the lifting assembly 710 drives them to descend and connect to the upper surface and lower surface grid lines of the solar cell respectively, so as to apply a voltage to the solar cell. Above the electrical input module 700, a laser processing module (not shown in the figure) is provided. In the state where a voltage is applied to the solar cell, laser scanning is performed on the surface of the solar cell to complete induced sintering. After the processing is completed, the first conductive member 721 and the second conductive member 722 move upward under the drive of the lifting assembly 710 and wait for the next processing.

[0056] As a preferred implementation manner, in order to make the structure for applying voltage in laser induced sintering more convenient and applicable and improve the processing speed, a conductive plate is provided on the carrier table 320 of this application. Specifically, the upper surface of the carrier table 320 is covered with a copper or copper alloy plate as the conductive plate. When the solar cell is placed on the carrier table 320, the grid lines on the lower surface of the solar cell can contact this conductive plate. In this embodiment, the second conductive member 722 of the electrical input module 700 is arranged outside the first conductive member 721. Specifically, the second conductive member 722 is correspondingly arranged at the edge of the carrier table 320 located at the processing station. When the carrier table 320 carries the solar cell for processing at the processing station, the lifting assembly 710 drives the first conductive member 721 and the second conductive member 722 to descend. The first conductive member 721 contacts the grid lines on the upper surface of the solar cell, and the second conductive member 722 is outside the placement range of the solar cell and does not contact the cell but contacts the conductive plate of the carrier table 320, thereby realizing the application of voltage to the solar cell.

[0057] Specifically, the first conductive member 721 of the electrical input module 700 includes at least one strip-shaped electrode. The first conductive member 721 can be an elastic probe row (that is, a plurality of elastic probes arranged collinearly are included under the probe bracket, and the plurality of probes contact the battery cell). Of course, the first conductive member 721 can also include a plurality of elastic probe rows arranged side by side at intervals. Because the first conductive member 721 contacts the strip-shaped main grid line, when there are multiple ones, the multiple electrodes are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the main grid line. It should be noted that the strip-shaped electrode here means that: because the first electrode contacts the main grid line of the battery cell and the main grid line is strip-shaped, in order to make the first electrode better contact the main grid line, the overall outer contour of the electrode in the horizontal plane projection is strip-shaped (on a straight line). As another embodiment, the second conductive member 722 includes at least one conductive column, that is, in order to achieve electrical connection, only one contact point of the second conductive member 722 connected to the conductive plate is required. Of course, the number of conductive columns can also be more, such as four. In this embodiment, the second conductive member 722 can also be an elastic probe row.

[0058] A laser processing module (not shown in the figure) is disposed above the electrical input module 700. Specifically, it is disposed above the first conductive member 721 and emits a laser beam toward the solar cell. When a voltage is applied to the solar cell, scanning of the solar cell is completed.

[0059] In this application, by providing a conductive plate on the carrier table, the lifting assembly drives the first conductive member and the second conductive member to contact the solar cell and the conductive plate respectively, so as to apply a voltage to the twin-sheet solar cell on the carrier table and perform laser-induced sintering. The voltage application structure is simple and reliable.

[0060] It can be understood that at the first processing station, the position of the solar cell contacted by the first conductive member 721 cannot be laser-scanned because it is blocked by the first conductive member 721. Therefore, in this application, by arranging the positions of the first conductive member 721 at the first processing station and the first conductive member 721 at the second processing station, when the solar cell is at the second processing station, the first conductive member 721 contacts the solar cell at different positions, so as to complete the laser scanning of the position not scanned at the first processing station at this second processing station. Specifically, the first conductive member 721 at the first processing station and the first conductive member 721 at the second processing station are vertically arranged, and their vertical distances from the rotation center of the carrier table 320 are different. For example, the first conductive member 721 at the first processing station is arranged away from the rotation center of the carrier table 320, and the first conductive member 721 at the second processing station is arranged close to the rotation center of the carrier table 320.

[0061] In order to process two solar cells carried side by side on the carrier table 320, the conductive plate, the first conductive member, and the second conductive member can respectively correspond to the first carrying area and the second carrying area and are respectively provided in two. As a more preferred solution, one conductive plate, one first conductive member, and one second conductive member are provided. Among them, no contact point is provided in the middle of the first conductive member 721. Taking the probe row as an example, no probe is provided at the middle position (corresponding to the position between two sub-cell solar cells) to avoid short circuit caused by the middle probe contacting the conductive plate. Of course, this middle position can be disconnected, or the middle position can be separated by an insulating member. In this way, the mechanical properties of the probe are better and it is not easily damaged.

[0062] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 For solar cells with single-sided electrodes such as back-contact solar cells, such as BC-class solar cells. Among them, Figure 5 is a top view schematic diagram of a multi-sheet laser-induced sintering device, Figure 6It is a front view schematic diagram of a multi - sheet laser - induced sintering device. The electrical input module A200 includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively used to connect to the positive and negative electrodes of a power supply, and the first electrode and the second electrode are also respectively used to electrically connect to the positive electrode or the negative electrode of a back - contact battery. The laser processing module A300 emits a laser beam to scan the battery wafer while a reverse voltage is applied to the back - contact battery. Among them, the laser processing module A300 is located above the carrier table A110, and the electrical input module A200 is located below the bearing surface of the carrier table A110. The carrier table A110 includes a hollow part A111 through which the first electrode and the second electrode pass.

[0063] In this application, by arranging the electrical input module A200 below the bearing surface of the carrier table A110, that is, the first electrode and the second electrode contact the back surface of the back - contact battery, when the laser beam scans the battery wafer from the front of the back - contact battery, it will not be blocked by the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the back - contact battery.

[0064] In addition, by arranging the electrical input module A200 below the bearing surface of the carrier table A110, laser - induced sintering can be completed at one processing station and there is no problem of electrode blocking the laser. Compared with the solution of using two laser processing modules at two processing stations to avoid laser blocking, this application does not require the transfer of the battery wafer during processing, which can reduce the error caused by position changes and has higher processing accuracy. It can also reduce the calibration error between the laser and the vision positioning mechanism and has higher processing accuracy.

[0065] As another embodiment, the carrier table further includes a carrier member A112. A plurality of flexible - material suction nozzles A113 are arranged on the carrier member A112, or at least the surface of the carrier member A112 is made of a flexible material, and an adsorption channel is opened on the flexible carrier member A112 to adsorb the battery wafer. By using the flexible - material suction nozzles A113, such as silica gel, to adsorb the battery wafer, the battery wafer can be prevented from being broken. Or by making the carrier member A112 itself flexible, the carrier member A112 can both adsorb the battery wafer and prevent the battery wafer from being broken. Preferably, a plurality of flexible suction nozzles A113 are arranged on the carrier member A112, and this solution is simple and easy to implement.

[0066] See Figure 5 , the carrier table A110 includes two carrier areas arranged side by side. Each carrier area of the carrier member A112 is provided with an independent adsorption cavity, which are respectively connected to a vacuum generating device to provide negative pressure. This application is not limited to this. For multiple sub - wafers, such as three sub - wafers or five sub - wafers, the carrier areas include multiple arranged in parallel, and each carrier area carries one sub - wafer. The carrier areas can be set according to the number of corresponding sub - wafers.

[0067] As another embodiment, as Figure 6and Figure 7 as shown in, wherein, Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical input module. The electrical input module A200 further includes a longitudinal displacement mechanism A210 and a horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230 connected to the longitudinal displacement mechanism A210 through a first frame A220. The electrical input module A200 is connected to the horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230. The horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230 is used to drive the position of the electrical input module A200 on the horizontal plane. Here, the position on the horizontal plane can include any direction on the horizontal plane, such as the first direction and the second direction, or other directions. In addition, the first electrode and the second electrode can also be rotated to change their positions. Among them, the driving actuator in the longitudinal displacement mechanism A210 can be a motor or a cylinder. Through the longitudinal displacement mechanism A210, the electrical input module A200 can be raised to contact the electrodes of the back-contact battery when needed and lowered to no longer contact the electrodes of the back-contact battery when not needed. Through the horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230, the positions of the first electrode and the second electrode on the horizontal plane can be adjusted to accurately align with the grid lines or Pad points on the back-contact battery, improving the processing accuracy. The horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230 can be a UVW motion platform or an XYθ motion platform in the prior art. As Figure 7 shown, two electrical input modules A200 are provided corresponding to two loading areas of the loading table A100, and each corresponds to a solar cell sub-piece. Two horizontal position adjustment mechanisms A230 are also provided correspondingly. Among them, the two horizontal position adjustment mechanisms A230 are arranged side by side on the first frame A220 and are driven to lift by a longitudinal displacement mechanism A210.

[0068] As another embodiment, as Figure 6 、 Figure 8 shown, wherein, Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a support device. A support device A500 is further provided at the processing station. The support device A500 is located below the laser processing module A300 and above the loading table A110. The support device A500 includes a transparent support plate A510 and a lifting mechanism A520 connected to the transparent support plate. The lifting mechanism A520 drives the transparent support plate A510 to approach or move away from the loading table A110. The transmittance of the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module through the transparent support plate A510 is more than 95%. By providing the transparent support plate A510, it can provide support when the first electrode and the second electrode rise to contact the back-contact battery, realizing the close contact between the first electrode and the second electrode and the battery piece. At the same time, being set as transparent allows the laser beam to pass through and scan-process the battery piece.

[0069] Taking the example of cutting the battery piece into two, the multi-sub-piece laser-induced sintering equipment provided by the present application, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, wherein, Figure 2It is a top view schematic diagram of a laser-induced sintering device for chip batteries. Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of a chip laser-induced sintering device without an electrical input module; among them, Figure 3 The conveying directions of the modules of the chip battery laser-induced sintering device are indicated by arrows. A chip battery laser-induced sintering device of the present application includes a double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100, a double-chip loading rotating arm module 200, a chip rotating processing workbench module 300, a double-chip unloading rotating arm module 400, and a double-chip unloading conveyor belt module 500 arranged in sequence, and also includes a laser processing module (not shown in the figure) and an electrical input module 700 arranged at the processing station of the chip rotating processing workbench module 300.

[0070] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the present application, the conveying direction of the double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100 is taken as the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to it in the horizontal plane is taken as the second direction. Among them, the double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100 includes one or a plurality of loading conveyor belt assemblies 110 arranged in sequence along the first direction. It includes two loading pulley groups 111 arranged at intervals perpendicular to the second direction, a loading drive motor 112 for driving the rotation of the driving pulley of the loading pulley group 111, and one chip battery is placed on each loading pulley group 111 for synchronous conveying of two chip batteries along the first direction. Among them, as a specific implementation method, each loading pulley group 111 includes two belts arranged at intervals along the second direction.

[0071] The setting of the double-chip unloading conveyor belt module 500 is similar to that of the double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100, and will not be elaborated here.

[0072] The chip rotating processing workbench module 300 is arranged between the double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100 and the double-chip unloading conveyor belt module 500, and includes a rotation drive mechanism 310, and at least two bearing platforms 320 are evenly arranged along its circumference. The rotation drive mechanism 310 drives the bearing platform 320 to rotate step by step. As a preferred implementation method, four bearing platforms 320 are arranged, and the angle between adjacent bearing platforms 320 is 90 degrees. The rotation drive mechanism 310 drives the bearing platform 320 to rotate step by step by 90 degrees, and the bearing platform 320 passes through the corresponding stations in sequence and completes the corresponding actions. In this embodiment, it includes four stations, a loading station arranged near the discharge end of the double-chip loading conveyor belt module 100, a unloading station arranged near the feeding end of the double-chip unloading conveyor belt module 500, and a first processing station and a second processing station arranged between the two. The rotation drive mechanism 310 drives the bearing platform 320 to rotate by 90 degrees, passes through the loading station, the first processing station, the second processing station and the unloading station in sequence, and completes the corresponding loading, laser-induced sintering processing and unloading actions at the corresponding stations. Refer toFigure 2 The positions of the loading station, the first station, the second station, and the unloading station are respectively represented by A, B, C, and D. For TOPCon solar cells, the first station and the second station are the first processing station and the second processing station respectively, and the laser-induced sintering of the cell wafers is completed at these two stations. For back-contact solar cells such as BC cells, either the first station or the second station is the processing station, and the laser-induced sintering of the cell wafers is completed at one station, and the other station can be left vacant or used as a vision inspection station, etc.

[0073] Between the double-piece loading conveyor module 100 and the loading station of the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module 300, a double-piece loading rotating arm module 200 is provided to pick up two sub-piece cell wafers at the discharge end of the double-piece loading conveyor module 100 and transfer them to the carrier table 320 at the loading station of the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module 300. It includes a loading rotary driving member 210 and a loading rotating arm 220. The loading rotating arm 220 is connected to the driving shaft of the loading rotary driving member 210. The loading rotating arm 220 is driven to rotate by the loading rotary driving member 210. Two loading suction cup modules 230 with the suction surfaces facing down are provided at the free end of the loading rotating arm 220. Specifically, the two loading suction cup modules 230 are arranged at intervals to suck two adjacent sub-piece cell wafers on the double-piece loading conveyor module 100. The loading rotating arm rotates to the loading station and releases them to the carrier table 320 at the loading station. Preferably, the loading rotary driving member 210 is a motor.

[0074] Between the unloading station of the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module 300 and the double-piece unloading conveyor module 500, a double-piece unloading rotating arm module 400 is provided to pick up two sub-piece cell wafers on the carrier table 320 at the unloading station and transfer them to the feed end of the double-piece unloading conveyor module 500. It includes an unloading rotary driving member 410 and an unloading rotating arm 420. The unloading rotating arm 420 is connected to the driving shaft of the unloading rotary driving member 410. The unloading rotating arm 420 is driven to rotate by the unloading rotary driving member 410. Two unloading suction cup modules 430 with the suction surfaces facing down are provided at the free end of the unloading rotating arm 420. Specifically, the two unloading suction cup modules 430 are arranged at intervals to suck two sub-piece cell wafers on the carrier table 320 at the unloading station. The rotating arm rotates to the feed end of the double-piece unloading conveyor module 500 and releases them. Preferably, the unloading rotary driving member 410 is a motor.

[0075] By sequentially arranging the double-piece loading conveyor module, the double-piece loading rotating arm module, the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module, the double-piece unloading rotating arm module, the double-piece unloading conveyor module, and the laser processing module and the electrical input module provided at the processing station of the sub-piece rotary processing workbench module, the laser-induced sintering of double sub-piece solar cell wafers is realized, and the equipment structure is reasonably designed.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can understand that the conductive member of the electrical input module, or the first electrode and the second electrode need to precisely contact the grid line position of the solar cell, requiring good positioning. Therefore, the multi-substrate laser-induced sintering equipment of the present application further includes a mechanical rectification module or a vision positioning module.

[0077] For solar cells with electrodes on both sides such as TOPCon, a mechanical rectification device is adopted. Refer to Figure 4 , which is a structural schematic diagram of the rectification device. The rectification device includes a rectification module 820. The rectification module 820 includes clamping blocks 821 arranged on the outer sides of the four sides of the rectification carrier 810, and a driving module 822 for controlling the movement of the clamping blocks 821 to approach and move away from the rectification carrier 810. The driving module 822 drives the clamping blocks 821 around to move closer to the rectification carrier 810, clamps the double-sided cell towards the center, and completes the mechanical rectification of the two cells. The double-sided rectification device 800 includes a rectification carrier 810 for carrying two sub-cells side by side. On the midline of the rectification carrier 810, a distance control block 830 is arranged, and the two cells are respectively placed on both sides of the distance control block 830. Specifically, the distance control block 830 is one or a roller with a fixed width extending along the midline direction of the rectification carrier above the rectification carrier 810.

[0078] The rectification device can also be arranged at the discharge end of the double-sided loading conveyor belt module 100. Specifically, an independent loading conveyor belt assembly 110 is arranged at the discharge end of the double-sided loading conveyor belt module 100 as the rectification carrier. The distance control block is arranged between the two loading pulley groups 111 of the loading conveyor belt assembly 110, and the clamping blocks of the rectification module are arranged on both sides, front and back of the loading conveyor belt assembly. As another implementable solution, the double-sided rectification device can also be arranged at the loading station.

[0079] For a back-contact solar cell, a vision positioning mechanism is adopted. The laser processing module A300 controls the laser beam to scan along the (fine) grid line direction of the cell or perpendicular to the grid line direction of the cell according to the position data of the grid lines, PAD points, or MARK points on the back of the back-contact cell obtained by the vision positioning mechanism A410. The position data obtained by the vision positioning mechanism enables higher accuracy in scanning the cell and provides processing efficiency. More specifically, the laser-induced sintering processing device for the back-contact cell includes a controller. The laser processing module A300 and the vision positioning mechanism are electrically connected to the controller respectively, thereby realizing the communication between the laser processing module A300 and the vision positioning mechanism. The laser-induced sintering processing device further includes a positioning station arranged upstream of the processing station. A vision positioning mechanism is arranged at the positioning station. The vision positioning mechanism is located below the bearing surface of the bearing table A110 and obtains the position information of the grid lines, PAD points, or MARK points on the back of the back-contact cell. That is to say, the bearing table A110 first moves to the positioning station to obtain the position information of the grid lines, PAD points, or MARK points on the back of the cell through the vision positioning mechanism, and then moves to the processing station for laser-induced sintering processing. After obtaining the position information through the vision positioning mechanism A410, it is convenient to adjust the positions of the first electrode and the second electrode through the horizontal position adjustment mechanism A230 to align with the grid lines or PAD points on the back of the contact cell, so as to improve the processing accuracy. Among them, the vision positioning mechanism includes but is not limited to a CCD camera.

[0080] Furthermore, the vision positioning mechanism A410 is arranged below the hollow part A111, and the hollow part A111 can not block the photographing and positioning of the vision positioning mechanism A410 below. It should be noted that when the bearing device A100 is the turntable module described below, multiple bearing tables A110 will rotate past the vision positioning mechanism A410 in sequence, but whenever staying at the station where the vision positioning mechanism A410 is located, the vision positioning mechanism A410 is located below the hollow part A111.

[0081] The vision positioning station can be the same station as the loading station. When the processing station is arranged at the third station, the vision positioning station can also be arranged at the second station. As long as it is before the processing station.

[0082] On the other hand, the present utility model also provides a production system for a photovoltaic module, which further includes a sub-cell electrical property sorting device and a module preparation device.

[0083] Among them, the sub-cell electrical property sorting device tests, sorts, and archives according to the main electrical property parameters such as the saturation current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor of the solar cell sub-cells. These are all prior arts.

[0084] The module preparation device includes a string welding device or a module welding device in the prior art, and a lamination device. Of course, it can also include a module testing device, etc.

[0085] It is also possible to arrange solar cells and solder tapes on the backplane, cover the backplane with a flexible film, then evacuate the space covered by the film to make the flexible film stick tightly to the solder tapes and the cells, use a laser beam to pass through the flexible film to weld the cells and the solder tapes, and then break the vacuum, remove the flexible film, and perform component encapsulation steps.

[0086] For the equipment of the prior art, after the whole solar cell wafer completed with laser-induced sintering is sorted, it is then cut, and then edge passivation is carried out on the solar cell sub-wafers. The efficiency improvement generated by laser-induced sintering may cause high-temperature failure during the passivation process of the cut surface. Thus, the efficiency improvement of the solar cell wafer is unstable, and after the solar cell wafers of the same grade are cut and passivated after sorting, their performance differences may be large. When preparing components, the open-circuit voltage discreteness of the solar cell wafers is large, resulting in bright and dark patches in the components.

[0087] With the equipment of the present utility model, first cut the whole solar cell wafer to form solar cell sub-wafers, then perform a cut surface on the cut side of the sub-wafers, then carry out laser-induced sintering and sorting of the sub-wafers, and then perform sub-wafer component preparation. After sorting, the concentration of electrical performance parameters such as the saturation current and open-circuit voltage of the sub-wafers in each grade is high, avoiding the bright and dark patch phenomenon of the components caused by the large discreteness of electrical performance parameters of the battery wafers in the prior art.

[0088] Taking TOPCon solar cells as an example, with the equipment of the present utility model, the prepared photovoltaic module, compared with the equipment of the prior art, that is, the equipment for preparing the functional layer of the solar cell, preparing the electrodes, optical injection, laser-induced sintering, testing and sorting, cutting the whole solar cell wafer to form multiple solar cell sub-wafers, performing edge passivation on the cut side of the solar cell sub-wafers, and then directly preparing the photovoltaic module, the obtained solar cell photovoltaic module has the module efficiency increased by about 0.1%-0.5% compared with the module efficiency in the prior art, avoiding the bright and dark patch phenomenon of the components in the prior art.

[0089] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present utility model, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A production system for solar cells, characterized in that: It includes a light injection device, a laser non-destructive cutting device, a passivation device for the cut surface of the sub-chip, and a laser-induced sintering device for the sub-chip, which are sequentially arranged after the sintering device.

2. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passivation device for the cut surface of the sub-chip includes a reaction chamber and a cassette. One side of the cassette is provided with a processing window, and the cutting side of the sub-chip of the battery cell is arranged on the side of this processing window.

3. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The laser-induced sintering device for the sub-chip includes a sub-chip rotary processing workbench module. The sub-chip rotary processing workbench module includes a rotary driving mechanism, and a plurality of bearing platforms are uniformly arranged along its circumferential direction. The rotary driving mechanism drives the bearing platforms to stepwise rotate through at least one processing station. The processing station is provided with a laser processing module and an electrical input module; Among them, each of the bearing platforms includes a plurality of bearing areas arranged in parallel. Each bearing area is provided with an independently controlled adsorption chamber, which are respectively connected to a vacuum device. The number of bearing areas is the same as the number of sub-chips.

4. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conductive plate is arranged on the bearing platform. The electrical input module includes a lifting component, a first conductive part and a second conductive part arranged on the lifting component; When the bearing platform carries the sub-chip at the processing station, the second conductive part is correspondingly arranged above the edge of the bearing platform located at the processing station, and the first conductive part is correspondingly arranged above the sub-chip; The lifting component drives the first conductive part and the second conductive part to descend. The second conductive part contacts the conductive plate of the bearing platform, and the first conductive part contacts the upper surface grid line of the sub-chip to apply a voltage to the sub-chip; The laser processing module is arranged above the first conductive part.

5. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing platform sequentially passes through two processing stations, namely the first processing station and the second processing station. The perpendicular distances from the first conductive part at the first processing station and the first conductive part at the second processing station to the rotation center of the bearing platform are different.

6. The production system of a solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrical input module includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are both arranged below the bearing surface of the bearing platform, and are respectively used for electrical contact with the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the back surface of the sub-chip carried by the bearing platform. The bearing platform includes a hollow part for the first electrode and the second electrode to pass through; Among them, there are multiple electrical input modules, and the electrical input modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the bearing areas. The laser processing module is arranged above the bearing platform.

7. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrical input module further includes a horizontal position adjustment mechanism that moves in the horizontal plane. The electrical input module is connected to the horizontal position adjustment mechanism, and the horizontal position adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position and / or angle of the electrical input module in the horizontal plane.

8. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: At the processing station, a support device is further provided. The support device is located below the laser processing module and above the bearing platform. The support device includes a transparent support plate and a lifting mechanism connected to the transparent support plate. The lifting mechanism drives the transparent support plate to approach or move away from the bearing platform. The transmittance of the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module through the transparent support plate is more than 95%.

9. The production system of a solar cell according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The number of bearing platforms of the sub-chip rotary processing workbench module is 4. The rotary driving mechanism drives the bearing platforms to rotate 90 degrees. The bearing platforms sequentially pass through a loading station, at least one processing station and an unloading station; the number of bearing areas is two; It further includes a double-piece loading conveyor module, a double-piece loading rotating arm module, a double-piece unloading rotating arm module, and a double-piece unloading conveyor module which are arranged in sequence. Among them, the sub-piece rotating processing workbench module is arranged between the double-piece loading conveyor module and the double-piece unloading conveyor module. The loading station is arranged close to the double-piece loading conveyor module, and the unloading station is arranged close to the double-piece unloading conveyor module; Among them, the double-piece loading conveyor module is arranged along the first direction and includes two loading pulley groups arranged at intervals along the second direction, a loading driving motor for driving the rotation of the driving wheels of the loading pulley groups. One sub-piece battery is placed on each loading pulley group, so that the two sub-pieces are synchronously conveyed along the first direction; The double-piece unloading conveyor module is arranged along the first direction and includes two unloading pulley groups arranged at intervals along the second direction, an unloading driving motor for driving the rotation of the driving wheels of the unloading pulley groups. One sub-piece battery is placed on each unloading pulley group, so that the two sub-pieces are synchronously conveyed along the first direction; A double-piece loading rotating arm module is arranged between the double-piece loading conveyor module and the loading station. Among them, the loading rotating arm is connected to the driving shaft of the loading rotation driving part. Two loading suction cup modules with the suction surfaces facing down are arranged at the free end of the loading rotating arm. Among them, the two loading suction cup modules are arranged at intervals. The loading rotation driving part drives the loading rotating arm to rotate. The loading suction cups suck the two sub-piece battery pieces of the double-piece loading conveyor module, and the loading rotating arm rotates. The loading suction cups release them to the carrier table located at the loading station; A double-piece unloading rotating arm module is arranged between the unloading station and the double-piece unloading conveyor module. Among them, the unloading rotating arm is connected to the driving shaft of the unloading rotation driving part. Two unloading suction cup modules with the suction surfaces facing down are arranged at the free end of the unloading rotating arm. The unloading rotation driving part drives the unloading rotating arm to rotate. The unloading suction cups suck the two sub-piece battery pieces of the carrier table located at the unloading station, and the unloading rotating arm rotates. The unloading suction cups release them to the double-piece unloading conveyor module; Among them, the conveying direction of the double-piece loading conveyor module is the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to it in the horizontal plane is the second direction.

10. The production system of the solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: It further includes a mechanical deviation correction module or a camera positioning module arranged before the loading station. The mechanical deviation correction module is used for mechanically correcting the double-piece sub-pieces, and the camera positioning module is used to obtain the position data of the double-piece sub-pieces.

11. A production system for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes the production system of the solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and further includes a sub-piece electrical property sorting device and a component preparation production device.

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