Fabricated concrete arched kiln
Through the arch plate splicing and connection technology of the prefabricated concrete arch kiln, the problem of insufficient performance of traditional cave materials has been solved, large span and terrain adaptability have been achieved, and the safety and construction efficiency of the cave have been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422789039.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-15
AI Technical Summary
Traditional cave building materials have poor mechanical properties, lack of safety and durability, and construction consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. Cave projects are often restricted by geological conditions, making it difficult to achieve large spans and terrain adaptability.
The kiln body is formed by splicing arch plates together to form a prefabricated concrete arch kiln. It is equipped with ventilation holes and is connected by U-shaped closed reinforcement and high-strength bolts. The foundation is connected by inverted slurry anchors to adapt to the terrain height difference and achieve a large span and stable structure.
It achieves reasonable structural stress of the cave dwelling, improves safety and durability, simplifies construction, adapts to terrain changes, meets large span requirements, and is suitable for cultural relics display.
Smart Images
Figure CN223343328U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to an assembled concrete arch kiln. Background Art
[0002] Cave dwellings are an ancient architectural form widely used in cultural relic preservation. Traditional cave dwellings are mostly constructed using earth, brick, or stone. However, due to the poor mechanical properties of traditional building materials such as brick, earth, and stone, these dwellings lack safety and durability, making them prone to becoming dangerous. Furthermore, traditional masonry construction consumes significant labor and material resources, hindering the high-quality development of the cave dwelling industry. Reinforced concrete kilns are currently the primary development direction. Furthermore, due to geological constraints, many cave dwelling projects are often built along hillsides or terraces, resulting in significant height differences. Alternatively, due to the need for internal cultural relics display, large spans (up to 15 meters) are required. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model provides an assembled concrete arch kiln to meet the needs of cave construction; the structure has reasonable stress, can meet the structural performance requirements of a large span, is simple to construct, and is easy to be applied in practical projects.
[0004] The utility model provides an assembled concrete arch kiln, comprising at least one arch kiln body, which is laterally formed by splicing two or three arch plates and longitudinally formed by splicing a plurality of segments; ventilation holes are provided on both sides of the arch kiln body.
[0005] Optionally, each arch plate in the transverse direction of the arched kiln body is connected to each other by a post-cast strip, and a U-shaped closed rib extending from the inside of the arch plate and exposed outside is provided at the connection position. The U-shaped closed ribs between the two arch plates are alternately distributed at intervals, and each U-shaped closed rib is connected by a number of longitudinal connecting steel bars.
[0006] Optionally, the connection parts between the arch plates of each segment in the longitudinal direction of the arch kiln body are divided into inner and outer sides according to the thickness direction of the arch plates, and the inner and outer sides of the connection parts are respectively provided with an arched tongue and groove and a dovetail groove along the circumferential direction; a water-stop strip is provided in the dovetail groove, and an arc-shaped steel plate is provided in the arched tongue and groove along the circumferential direction to achieve edge sealing and tightening.
[0007] Optionally, the connection parts between the arch plates of each segment in the longitudinal direction are provided with a plurality of bolt holes penetrating through the thickness direction of the arch plates along the circumferential direction, and the inner and outer arc-shaped steel plates are fixed by high-strength bolts.
[0008] Optionally, the vents are located on one arch plate in the transverse direction and on one longitudinal segment in the longitudinal direction, or are split into two parts and located on arch plates of two longitudinal segments.
[0009] Optionally, the arch foot of the arched kiln body is fixedly connected to the strip foundation; a number of dowels are exposed on the arch foot, a metal bellows is pre-buried in the strip foundation, the dowels are connected to the metal bellows by spiral stirrups, and the connecting gap is filled with high-strength grouting material; a grouting layer is provided between the bottom surface of the arch foot and the end surface of the strip foundation.
[0010] Optionally, the thickness of the slurry layer is 2 cm.
[0011] Optionally, the ventilation opening protrudes outward relative to the arched kiln body.
[0012] Optionally, the opening of the vent is provided with a hole edge reinforcement rib.
[0013] Optionally, the span of the arched kiln body is ≤15m.
[0014] Optionally, the prefabricated concrete arch kiln includes at least two arched kiln bodies, and the bottom elevations of at least two of the arched kiln bodies are different.
[0015] The utility model is a prefabricated concrete arch kiln, whose arched kiln body is formed by a number of arch panels spliced together in the horizontal and vertical directions. It is used in the construction of cave dwellings. Its structure is reasonably stressed, has good safety and durability, and can meet the structural performance requirements of large-span cave dwellings. In addition, ventilation holes are provided on both sides of the kiln body, which is conducive to air circulation in the cave dwelling. In addition, the horizontal and vertical connection parts between the arch panels are easy to construct and install, and there is no need for full-height formwork on site, which greatly reduces the cost of construction measures and shortens the construction period. In addition, by combining arched kiln bodies with different bottom elevations, it can well adapt to the geological conditions of the cave dwelling, overcome the problem of terrain height difference, and is suitable for cave dwelling projects in the field of cultural relics display. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal side view of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the present invention, and its bottom has a height difference.
[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the utility model in the horizontal and vertical directions.
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal splicing structure of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the present utility model.
[0021] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the transverse splicing structure of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the arch foot and strip foundation of the assembled concrete arch kiln of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary support arrangement of the horizontal three-piece arched kiln body of the present invention.
[0024] In the figure, 1-arch kiln body, 10-arch plate, 11-first arch kiln body, 12-second arch kiln body, 13-first arch plate, 14-second arch plate, 2-ventilation opening, 21-first ventilation opening, 22-second ventilation opening, 31-U-shaped closing reinforcement, 32-longitudinal connecting reinforcement, 33-post-cast strip, 41-temporary support, 51-arched tongue and groove, 52-dovetail groove, 53-arc-shaped steel plate, 54-bolt hole, 55-high-strength bolt, 61-arch foot, 62-strip foundation, 63-inserted reinforcement, 64-metal bellows, 65-spiral stirrups, 66-connecting gap, 67-slurry layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solution of the present utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0026] The assembled concrete arch kiln of the embodiment of the present invention is a large-span assembled concrete arch kiln. Its main structure is a plurality of arched kiln bodies, and the cross section of the structure is arched. Figure 1-8 As shown, the arched kiln body 1 is a spliced type, consisting of two or three arched panels 10 in the horizontal direction and a plurality of longitudinal segments in the vertical direction. For example, the first arched kiln body 11 is divided into three arched panels in the horizontal direction and three longitudinal segments in the vertical direction, while the second arched kiln body 12 is divided into two arched panels in the horizontal direction and three longitudinal segments in the vertical direction. In addition, ventilation openings 2 are provided on both sides of the arched kiln body.
[0027] For the horizontal splicing between the arch panels, depending on the size of the cave space, the arched kiln body can be evenly split into two or three pieces along the horizontal direction. Figure 1 As shown, the first arched kiln body 11 is a three-piece horizontally spliced structure, and the second arched kiln body 12 is a two-piece horizontally spliced structure. More specific split dimensions should also ensure the integrity of the vent area, that is, the vent is located on one arch plate in the horizontal direction and does not span two arch plates. In addition, the specific dimensions can also be determined based on the actual requirements of production, lifting and transportation. As for the connection structure and connection method between the arch plates, Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, in some schemes, each arch plate in the transverse direction is provided with a U-shaped closed rib 31 extending from the inside of the arch plate and exposed outside at the connection part. The U-shaped closed rib serves as a circumferential force-bearing rib, with the end portion being U-shaped and closed, and is arranged alternately on both sides, that is, the U-shaped closed ribs 31 between the two arch plates are alternately distributed at intervals; and each U-shaped closed rib 31 is connected by a number of longitudinal connecting steel bars 32. When each arch plate in the transverse direction is connected, a post-cast strip 33 is used for connection, and the U-shaped closed rib 31 is exposed at the connection part and alternately arranged on both sides; after the prefabricated components are hoisted into place, a hanging formwork is used at the bottom, and then the connecting steel bars along the longitudinal direction are inserted, and finally the whole is cast. For specific construction, when it is split into two pieces in the transverse direction, there is no need to set up temporary construction supports. Two cranes are used to fix the left and right pieces respectively. After the alignment is completed, the cranes can be removed to carry out the transverse post-cast strip formwork casting work; when it is split into three pieces in the transverse direction, such as Figure 8 As shown, two temporary construction supports 41 are required to fix the left and right arch plates respectively. After the middle plate is hoisted into place by a crane, the crane can be removed to cast the 33 molds of the transverse post-casting strip.
[0028] For the splicing between the longitudinal segments of the arch plate, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some schemes, the thickness direction of the arch plate 10 is marked as the inner side and the outer side, and the inner side and outer side of the connection part between each segment arch plate in the longitudinal direction are respectively provided with an arched tongue and groove 51 and a dovetail groove 52 along the circumferential direction; the dovetail groove 52 is provided with a water-stop rubber strip, and the arched tongue and groove 51 is provided with an arc-shaped steel plate 53 along the circumferential direction to achieve edge sealing and compression. Furthermore, the connection part between each segment arch plate in the longitudinal direction is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 54 along the circumferential direction that penetrate the thickness direction of the arch plate, so that the inner and outer arc-shaped steel plates 53 can be fixed by high-strength bolts 55. During production and installation, a plurality of high-strength bolt holes along the circumferential direction are reserved at the end of the longitudinal connection part of each prefabricated segment. After the prefabricated components are hoisted into place, the water-stop rubber strip is placed in the dovetail groove, and then the inner and outer arc-shaped steel plates along the circumferential direction are used to seal the edges and press them, and finally, high-strength bolts are used to tighten them. In this scheme, the longitudinal segment arch plates at the same elevation are connected by water-stop strips and high-strength bolts, which has a good anti-seepage effect and is easy to construct.
[0029] Regarding the related structure of the vents 2, a number of vents 2 are provided on both sides of the arch structure. In some solutions, the vents are arranged to protrude outward relative to the kiln body, which can prevent water from accumulating at the edges of the vents and falling into the kiln body. In some solutions, edge reinforcement ribs are provided at the openings of the vents. For the longitudinal prefabricated segments with vents, depending on the size of the vents, the segment can be prefabricated as a whole or the vents can be divided into two sections for prefabrication in the longitudinal direction. That is, for the position of the vents in the entire arched kiln body, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the vents 2 are located transversely on the same arch plate; longitudinally, the vents are located on one longitudinal segment or split into two parts and located on the arch plates of two segments. For example, the first vent 21 is completely located transversely on the first arch plate 13 and on one longitudinal segment, and the arch plate is prefabricated as a whole with vents. On the second arch plate 14, the second vent 22 is still intact transversely, but is located longitudinally on the arch plates of two longitudinal segments. Here, the arch plate with vents is prefabricated in two sections. The provision of vents can be used to achieve air circulation in the cave by utilizing the temperature difference between the inside and outside and the wind pressure. For arched caves used for displaying cultural relics, the provision of vents can prevent the cultural relics in the cave from corrosion and damage.
[0030] For the connection between precast segments and foundations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the arch foot 61 of the arched kiln body is fixedly connected to the strip foundation 62; a number of dowels 63 are exposed on the arch foot 61, and a metal bellows 64 is pre-embedded in the strip foundation 62. The dowels 63 and the metal bellows 64 are connected by spiral stirrups 65, and the connection gap 66 is filled with high-strength grouting material; a grouting layer 67 is provided between the bottom surface of the arch foot and the end surface of the strip foundation. That is, each prefabricated section is connected to the foundation using an inverted grouting anchor method, that is, a number of dowels are exposed on the bottom of the prefabricated section, a metal bellows is pre-embedded in the corresponding part of the foundation, a grouting layer is provided, for example, 2 cm thick, and then the seam is sealed with high-strength grouting material. The arch foot bottom and the foundation are connected using an inverted grouting anchor method, which can effectively ensure the rigidity of the node.
[0031] Based on the above solution, the prefabricated concrete arch kiln of the present invention can form a prefabricated concrete arch kiln assembly, which is composed of a plurality of arch kiln bodies in the above solution. Its structure is split into a plurality of prefabricated arch segments along the longitudinal direction, and the bottom elevations of at least two arch kiln bodies are different, and there is a height difference. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom elevations of different arched kiln bodies can vary. Arched kiln bodies with varying elevations are prefabricated separately, and no additional connections are made between the main structures of the arched kiln bodies. Arched kilns with varying bottom elevations can be segmented and disconnected at different elevations, effectively adapting to terrain variations. In actual cave construction, many cave dwellings are often built along hillsides or terraces due to geological constraints, resulting in significant elevation differences. The arched kiln assembly of the present utility model can effectively meet the practical requirements of cave dwellings in uneven terrain.
[0032] Furthermore, the prefabricated arched kiln body of this utility model features a rationally designed structure with stable connections. Cave dwellings constructed using this prefabricated arched kiln, by using the arched body to support the load, can convert the primary vertical load into lateral thrust, enabling larger spans, with some designs reaching up to 15 meters. Furthermore, for cave dwellings used for cultural relic display, the arched structure possesses a unique aesthetic, with its curved shape offering an elegant and visually appealing aesthetic that perfectly complements the atmosphere and character of cultural relic displays, meeting practical application requirements.
[0033] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements may be made to the technical solutions and implementations of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. An assembled concrete arch kiln, characterized in that: The kiln comprises at least one arched kiln body, which is formed by splicing two or three arched plates in the transverse direction and a plurality of segments in the longitudinal direction. Ventilation holes are arranged on both sides of the kiln body.
2. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arched plates on the horizontal direction of the arched kiln body are connected to each other by post-cast strips, and U-shaped closed ribs extending from the inside of the arched plates and exposed outside are provided at the connection parts. The U-shaped closed ribs between the two arched plates are alternately distributed and connected by a number of longitudinal connecting steel bars.
3. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection parts between the arch plates of each segment in the longitudinal direction of the arch kiln body are divided into inner and outer sides according to the thickness direction of the arch plates. The inner and outer sides of the connection parts are respectively provided with an arched tongue and groove and a dovetail groove along the circumferential direction; a water-stop strip is provided in the dovetail groove, and an arc-shaped steel plate along the circumferential direction is provided in the arched tongue and groove to achieve edge sealing and tightening.
4. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection parts between the arch plates of each segment in the longitudinal direction are provided with a number of bolt holes along the circumferential direction that penetrate the thickness direction of the arch plates, and the inner and outer arc-shaped steel plates are fixed by high-strength bolts.
5. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vents are located on one arch plate in the transverse direction and on one longitudinal segment in the longitudinal direction or are split into two parts and located on the arch plates of two longitudinal segments.
6. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch foot of the arched kiln body is fixedly connected to the strip foundation; a plurality of dowel bars are exposed on the arch foot, a metal corrugated pipe is pre-buried in the strip foundation, the dowel bars and the metal corrugated pipe are connected by spiral stirrups, and the connection gap is filled with high-strength grouting material; a grouting layer is provided between the bottom surface of the arch foot and the end surface of the strip foundation.
7. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent protrudes outward relative to the arched kiln body.
8. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening of the vent is provided with a hole edge reinforcement rib.
9. The assembled concrete arch kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least two arched kiln bodies, and the bottom elevations of at least two arched kiln bodies are different.