Optical module

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical module which comprises a shell, a plurality of emitters used for emitting light and / or a plurality of receivers used for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer and a circuit board assembly, the emitters and the wavelength division multiplexer are arranged in the shell, the receivers and the wavelength division demultiplexer are connected through an optical path, and the receivers and the wavelength division demultiplexer are connected through an optical path; the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises a first filter, a second filter, a third filter and a fourth filter which are connected with one another; each of the first filter, the second filter, the third filter and the fourth filter comprises a substrate, and a first optical filter film, a second optical filter film and a third optical filter film which are respectively arranged on the substrate; the first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are fixed in an attached mode, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are fixed in an attached mode, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are fixed in an attached mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical fiber communication technology, and in particular to an optical module. Background Art

[0002] In existing technology, multiple independent filters are typically installed at equal intervals and angles to achieve wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing. During filter installation, spacing errors and tilt angle errors can occur, resulting in poor positional accuracy of the converged light spot and increased difficulty in spot coupling. Utility Model Content

[0003] In a first aspect, the present application provides an optical module, comprising:

[0004] A housing, a plurality of transmitters for transmitting light and / or a plurality of receivers for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer, and a circuit board assembly disposed in the housing, wherein the plurality of transmitters are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer, and the plurality of receivers are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer;

[0005] The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises a first filter, a second filter, a third filter and a fourth filter connected to each other;

[0006] The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter each include a substrate and a first optical filter film, a second optical filter film, and a third optical filter film respectively provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other;

[0007] The first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed;

[0008] The first optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter, the second optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter, and the third optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter. The first optical filter film, the second optical filter film, and the third optical filter film allow different wavelengths of light to pass through.

[0009] When light containing multiple wavelengths is emitted toward the third optical filter film along a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film and reaches the second optical filter film, and part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers. The light that reaches the second optical filter film is partially transmitted through the second optical filter film and reaches the first optical filter film, and part of it is reflected by the second optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers. The light that reaches the first optical filter film is partially transmitted through the first optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers, and part of it is reflected by the first optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers.

[0010] In some embodiments, an AR film is provided on the first surface of the fourth filter; the AR film is used to improve light transmittance;

[0011] Light containing multiple wavelengths is transmitted through the AR film in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface and reaches the third optical filter film.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper light incident surface is provided with an AR film; and / or the lower light incident surface is provided with an AR film.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plane where the second surface is located forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane where the lower light incident surface is located.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thicknesses of the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are equal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer further includes a fifth filter, a sixth filter, a seventh filter, and an eighth filter connected to each other;

[0016] The fifth filter, the sixth filter, the seventh filter, and the eighth filter each include a substrate and a fourth optical filter film, a fifth optical filter film, a sixth optical filter film, and a seventh optical filter film respectively provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other;

[0017] The first surface of the fifth filter is attached to the second surface of the sixth filter, the first surface of the sixth filter is attached to the second surface of the seventh filter, the first surface of the seventh filter is attached to the second surface of the eighth filter, and the first surface of the eighth filter is attached to the second surface of the first filter.

[0018] The fourth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the fifth filter or the second surface of the sixth filter, the fifth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the sixth filter or the second surface of the seventh filter, the sixth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the seventh filter or the second surface of the eighth filter, and the seventh optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the eighth filter or the second surface of the first filter;

[0019] The wavelength ranges of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film, the second optical filter film, the first optical filter film, the seventh optical filter film, the sixth optical filter film, the fifth optical filter film, and the fourth optical filter film are successively narrowed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the optical module also includes a first substrate; the first substrate has a third surface and a fourth surface relative to each other; the lower light incident surfaces of the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are glued and fixed to the third surface of the first substrate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the optical module further includes a plurality of converging lenses; the plurality of converging lenses are arranged on the fourth surface of the first substrate; the fourth surface is parallel to the third surface; the converging lenses are used to converge the light that is emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer and enters the receiver.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter by electron beam evaporation, the second optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter by electron beam evaporation, and the third optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter by electron beam evaporation.

[0023] In some embodiments, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer includes a first substrate and a second substrate;

[0024] The second surface of the first filter is provided with a high reflection film; the first surface of the fourth filter is provided with a high reflection film;

[0025] The second surface of the first filter is attached to the first substrate and fixed; the first surface of the fourth filter is attached to the second substrate and fixed;

[0026] When light containing multiple wavelengths is emitted to the first surface of the fourth filter, it is reflected by the high-reflection film provided on the first surface of the fourth filter and reaches the third optical filter; part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter and reaches the second optical filter, and part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter and enters one of the multiple receivers; the light that reaches the second optical filter is partially transmitted through the second optical filter and reaches the first optical filter, and part of the light is reflected by the second optical filter and enters one of the multiple receivers; the light that reaches the first optical filter is partially transmitted through the first optical filter and reaches the second surface of the first filter, is reflected by the high-reflection film provided on the second surface of the first filter, and enters one of the multiple receivers, and part of the light is reflected by the first optical filter and enters one of the multiple receivers.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are formed by grinding a plurality of rectangular filters bonded together, and the upper light incident surface and the lower light incident surface are surfaces formed after grinding.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue.

[0029] The present application provides an optical module, which is a single-fiber bidirectional optical module. The single-fiber bidirectional optical module includes:

[0030] A housing, at least two transmitters for transmitting light and at least two receivers for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer, and a circuit board assembly, the at least two transmitters being optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer, and the at least two receivers being optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer;

[0031] The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises a first filter, a second filter, a third filter and a fourth filter connected to each other;

[0032] The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter each include a substrate and a first optical filter film, a second optical filter film, and a third optical filter film provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other;

[0033] The first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed;

[0034] The first optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter, the second optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter, and the third optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter. The first optical filter film, the second optical filter film, and the third optical filter film allow different wavelengths of light to pass through.

[0035] When light containing multiple wavelengths is incident on the third optical filter film in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film and reaches the second optical filter film, part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film and enters one of the at least two receivers, and part of the light reaching the second optical filter film is transmitted through the second optical filter film and reaches the first optical filter film, and part of the light is reflected by the second optical filter film and enters the other of the at least two receivers;

[0036] The light emitted from the at least two emitters is combined at the first optical filter film, sequentially transmitted through the second optical filter film and the third optical filter film, and then emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the transmitter is a vertical cavity surface laser, the wavelength range of the light emitted by the vertical cavity surface laser is 800nm-1000nm, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical module is optically connected to a multimode optical fiber.

[0038] The present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: the present application fits and fixes the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter together, and does not require multiple installations, but only needs to be installed once, thereby avoiding the spacing error and tilt angle error caused by the separate installation of multiple filters, making the transmission effect of the optical signal better, and thus improving the position accuracy of the converged light spot, which is beneficial to the light spot coupling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer structure in the prior art provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer structure in the prior art provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a first filter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of a filter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single-fiber bidirectional optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Reference numerals:

[0055] 1-Wavelength Division Multiplexer / Demultiplexer, 2-Casing, 3-Receiver, 4-Circuit Board Assembly, 5-Transmitter, 6-First Substrate, 7-Converging Lens, 8-Collimating Lens, 9-Multimode Optical Fiber, 10-Second Substrate;

[0056] 10-first filter, 20-second filter, 30-third filter, 40-fourth filter, 50-fifth filter, 60-sixth filter, 70-seventh filter, 80-eighth filter, 90-first substrate, 100-second substrate;

[0057] 101 - first optical filter film, 201 - second optical filter film, 301 - third optical filter film, 401 - fourth optical filter film, 501 - fifth optical filter film, 601 - sixth optical filter film, 701 - seventh optical filter film, 801 - AR film, 802 - high-reflection film, 102 - first surface, 103 - second surface;

[0058] 61 - first independent filter, 62 - second independent filter, 63 - third independent filter, 64 - fourth independent filter, 65 - fifth independent filter, 66 - sixth independent filter, 67 - seventh independent filter, 68 - eighth independent filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "and / or" herein is merely a description of an association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " herein, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such article or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device comprising the element.

[0062] Figure 1 This demonstrates the principle of wavelength division multiplexing / demultiplexing. Multiple VCSELs (for example, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers) emit optical signals L1, L2, L3, and L4 of different wavelengths. These signals arrive at a wavelength division multiplexer (MUX), where they are multiplexed (combined) into a single light beam that propagates through an optical fiber (MMF). They then reach a wavelength division multiplexer (DEMUX) for demultiplexing (demultiplexing) to regenerate the optical signals L1, L2, L3, and L4. Finally, these signals enter multiple detectors (PDs).

[0063] Figure 2 A wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer based on the Z-block scheme in the prior art is demonstrated. The second substrate 10 can be made of glass. A first independent filter 61, a second independent filter 62, a third independent filter 63, and a fourth independent filter 64 are sequentially attached to the second substrate 10. The first independent filter 61, the second independent filter 62, the third independent filter 63, and the fourth independent filter 64 allow light to pass through different wavelength ranges, thereby achieving a wavelength splitting / combining effect. When light containing multiple wavelengths (L1, L2, L3, and L4) is directed toward the fourth independent filter 64, L1 passes through the fourth independent filter 64, is reflected by L2, L3, and L4, and then reaches the third independent filter 63. L2 passes through the third independent filter 63, is reflected by L3 and L4, and then reaches the second independent filter 62. L3 passes through the second independent filter 62, is reflected by L4, and then reaches the first independent filter 61, which then transmits it out. In this solution, L4 needs to undergo multiple reflections in the second substrate 10, and the optical path it passes through is the longest. Since the laser beam cannot be completely collimated, the light spot of L4 after long-distance transmission is larger and the light output angle is easily changed. Finally, the light spot emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer is not easily fully received by the receiver.

[0064] Figure 3This device demonstrates a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer with air gaps, as used in the prior art. Air gaps are formed between the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth independent filters 65, 66, 67, and 68. When light containing multiple wavelengths (L1, L2, L3, and L4) is directed toward the eighth independent filter 68, L1 is reflected by the eighth independent filter 68, while L2, L3, and L4 are transmitted through the eighth independent filter 68. L2 is reflected by the seventh independent filter 67, while L3 and L4 are transmitted through the seventh independent filter 67. L3 is reflected by the sixth independent filter 66, while L4 is transmitted through the sixth independent filter 66 and reflected by the fifth independent filter 65, achieving a wavelength division effect. In this solution, the spacing between each filter should be equal and the tilt angles should be equal. However, the fifth independent filter 65, the sixth independent filter 66, the seventh independent filter 67, and the eighth independent filter 68 need to be installed separately. Therefore, there will be spacing errors and tilt angle errors in the installation process of multiple filters, resulting in poor position accuracy of the converged light spot and high difficulty in light spot coupling.

[0065] In response to the problems of poor position accuracy of the convergent light spot and high difficulty in light spot coupling in existing wavelength division multiplexers / demultiplexers, this application proposes an optical module to reduce the number and difficulty of installing filters and improve the light spot coupling effect.

[0066] An optical module provided by the present application is introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] This application proposes an optical module, see Figure 4 As shown, the optical module includes:

[0068] A housing 2, a plurality of receivers 3 for receiving light arranged in the housing 2, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 and a circuit board assembly 4, wherein the plurality of receivers 3 and the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer are optically connected.

[0069] The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 includes a first filter 10, a second filter 20, a third filter 30 and a fourth filter 40 connected to each other.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 5 The first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 each include a substrate and a first optical filter film 101, a second optical filter film 201, and a third optical filter film 301, respectively, disposed on the substrate. The substrate has a mutually parallel upper light incident surface and a mutually parallel lower light incident surface, as well as a mutually parallel first surface and a second surface. The filters (including the first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40) have an upper surface as the upper light incident surface, a lower surface as the lower light incident surface, a left surface as the second surface, and a right surface as the first surface.

[0071] The first surface of the first filter 10 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the second filter 20. The first surface of the second filter 20 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the third filter 30. The first surface of the third filter 30 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the fourth filter 40.

[0072] The first optical filter film 101 is disposed on the first surface of the first filter 10 or the second surface of the second filter 20. The second optical filter film 201 is disposed on the first surface of the second filter 20 or the second surface of the third filter 30. The third optical filter film 301 is disposed on the first surface of the third filter 30 or the second surface of the fourth filter 40. The first optical filter film 101, the second optical filter film 201, and the third optical filter film 301 allow different wavelengths of light to pass through.

[0073] When light containing multiple wavelengths is incident on the third optical filter film 301 in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film 301 and reaches the second optical filter film 201, while part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film 301 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. Light that reaches the second optical filter film 201 is partially transmitted through the second optical filter film 201 and reaches the first optical filter film 101, while part of the light is reflected by the second optical filter film 201 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. Light that reaches the first optical filter film 101 is partially transmitted through the first optical filter film 101 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3, while part of the light is reflected by the first optical filter film 101 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3.

[0074] It should be noted that the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 can be used as a wavelength division multiplexer (for wavelength division multiplexing) or a wavelength division demultiplexer (for wavelength division demultiplexing) according to different functions. Figure 4 Only receiver 3 and WDM demultiplexer are shown. In other embodiments, the optical module may include multiple transmitters 5 and WDMs, with the multiple transmitters 5 and WDMs optically connected. In other embodiments, the optical module may also include transmitters 5, receiver 3, and WDM / DDM 1. In this case, WDM / DDM 1 is used for both WDM and WDM demultiplexing.

[0075] It should be noted that, since the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 can be used for both wavelength division multiplexing and wavelength demultiplexing, the upper light incident surface and the lower light incident surface can be used for both light input and light output.

[0076] In some embodiments, the substrate may be made of glass.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first optical filter film 101 , the second optical filter film 201 , and the third optical filter film 301 allow light to pass through in different wavelength ranges.

[0078] Specifically, the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the first optical filter film 101 is [λ1, λ2]; the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the second optical filter film 201 is [λ3, λ4]; and the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301 is [λ5, λ6]. Light with a wavelength satisfying [λ1, λ2] can pass through the first optical filter film 101, while light with a wavelength not satisfying [λ1, λ2] is reflected by the first optical filter film 101. Light with a wavelength satisfying [λ3, λ4] can pass through the second optical filter film 201, while light with a wavelength not satisfying [λ3, λ4] is reflected by the second optical filter film 201. Light with a wavelength satisfying [λ5, λ6] can pass through the third optical filter film 301, while light with a wavelength not satisfying [λ5, λ6] is reflected by the third optical filter film 301. λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4, λ5, and λ6 satisfy the following relationship:

[0079] λ5<λ3<λ1<λ2<λ4<λ6

[0080] Specifically, the wavelength of the first optical signal L1 does not meet the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301. The wavelength of the second optical signal L2 meets the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301, but does not meet the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the second optical filter film 201. The wavelength of the third optical signal L3 meets the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301 and the second optical filter film 201, but does not meet the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the first optical filter film 101. The wavelength of the fourth optical signal L4 meets the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, and the first optical filter film 101.

[0081] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 When the first optical signal L1, the second optical signal L2, the third optical signal L3, and the fourth optical signal L4 are incident on the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, an AR film 801 is provided on the first surface of the fourth filter 40, and the lower light incident surface is provided with an AR film 801. AR (Anti-Reflective) film, also known as anti-reflection film or anti-reflection film, is used to reduce the reflection loss of light and improve the transmittance of light to facilitate complete transmission of light. The first optical signal L1, the second optical signal L2, the third optical signal L3, and the fourth optical signal L4 are transmitted through the AR film (801) on the first surface of the fourth filter 40 in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface and reach the third optical filter film (301).

[0082] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 As shown, when the first optical signal L1, the second optical signal L2, the third optical signal L3, and the fourth optical signal L4 are incident on the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 in a direction perpendicular to the lower light incident surface, the lower light incident surface is provided with an AR film 801, and the upper light incident surface of the fourth filter 40 is also provided with an AR film 801. The AR film is used to reduce light reflection loss and improve light transmittance, thereby facilitating complete light transmission.

[0083] In some embodiments, the plane where the second surface is located forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane where the lower light incident surface is located. Figure 7 As shown, the first filter 10 is used as an example for exemplary description. The structures of the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 are the same as those of the first filter 10. The side view of the first filter 10 is a parallelogram, wherein the plane where the second surface 103 is located forms a 45-degree angle with the plane where the lower light incident surface is located, and the first surface 102 is parallel to the second surface 103.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 have the same thickness, where the thickness is the distance between the first surface and the second surface.

[0085] Based on the above embodiment, when the thickness is equal, the first optical signal L1 , the second optical signal L2 , the third optical signal L3 , and the fourth optical signal L4 can be emitted at equal intervals after demultiplexing.

[0086] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 As shown, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 further includes a fifth filter 50, a sixth filter 60, a seventh filter 70, and an eighth filter 80 connected to each other;

[0087] The fifth filter 50, the sixth filter 60, the seventh filter 70, and the eighth filter 80 each include a substrate and a fourth optical filter film 401, a fifth optical filter film 501, a sixth optical filter film 601, and a seventh optical filter film 701, respectively, disposed on the substrate. The substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface that are parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface that are parallel to each other.

[0088] The first surface of the fifth filter 50 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the sixth filter 60, the first surface of the sixth filter 60 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the seventh filter 70, the first surface of the seventh filter 70 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the eighth filter 80; the first surface of the eighth filter 80 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the first filter 10;

[0089] The fourth optical filter film 401 is provided on the first surface of the fifth filter 50 or the second surface of the sixth filter 60. The fifth optical filter film 501 is provided on the first surface of the sixth filter 60 or the second surface of the seventh filter 70. The sixth optical filter film 601 is provided on the first surface of the seventh filter 70 or the second surface of the eighth filter 80. The seventh optical filter film 701 is provided on the first surface of the eighth filter 80 or the second surface of the first filter 10.

[0090] The wavelength ranges of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film 301 , the second optical filter film 201 , the first optical filter film 101 , the seventh optical filter film 701 , the sixth optical filter film 601 , the fifth optical filter film 501 , and the fourth optical filter film 401 are successively narrowed.

[0091] Specifically, the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the first optical filter film 101 is [λ1, λ2]; the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the second optical filter film 201 is [λ3, λ4]; the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the third optical filter film 301 is [λ5, λ6]. The wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the fourth optical filter film 401 is [λ7, λ8]; the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the fifth optical filter film 501 is [λ9, λ10]; the wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the sixth optical filter film 601 is [λ11, λ12]. The wavelength range of light allowed to pass through by the seventh optical filter film 701 is [λ13, λ14]. The wavelength ranges of light allowed to pass through by the multiple optical filter films satisfy the following relationship:

[0092] λ5<λ3<λ1<λ13<λ11<λ9<λ7<λ8<λ10<λ12<λ14<λ2<λ4<λ6

[0093] In some embodiments, see Figure 8As shown, the first optical signal L1, the second optical signal L2, the third optical signal L3, the fourth optical signal L4, the fifth optical signal L5, the sixth optical signal L6, the seventh optical signal L7, and the eighth optical signal L8 have different wavelengths. The first optical signal L1, the second optical signal L2, the third optical signal L3, the fourth optical signal L4, the fifth optical signal L5, the sixth optical signal L6, the seventh optical signal L7, and the eighth optical signal L8 are emitted toward the third optical filter film 301 in a direction parallel to the lower incident light surface. The first optical signal L1 is reflected by the third optical filter film 301 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The second optical signal L2 transmits through the third optical filter film 301 and is reflected by the second optical filter film 201 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The third optical signal L3 transmits through the third optical filter film 301 and the second optical filter film 201 in sequence and is reflected by the first optical filter film 101 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The fourth optical signal L4 sequentially transmits through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, and the first optical filter film 101, is reflected by the seventh optical filter film 701, and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The fifth optical signal L5 sequentially transmits through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, the first optical filter film 101, and the seventh optical filter film 701, is reflected by the sixth optical filter film 601, and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The sixth optical signal L6 sequentially transmits through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, the first optical filter film 101, the seventh optical filter film 701, and the sixth optical filter film 601, is reflected by the fifth optical filter film 501, and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The seventh optical signal L7 sequentially transmits through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, the first optical filter film 101, the seventh optical filter film 701, the sixth optical filter film 601, and the fifth optical filter film 501, and is reflected by the fourth optical filter film 401, and enters one of the multiple receivers 3. The eighth light signal L8 is transmitted through the third optical filter film 301, the second optical filter film 201, the first optical filter film 101, the seventh optical filter film 701, the sixth optical filter film 601, the fifth optical filter film 501, and the fourth optical filter film 401 in sequence, and is reflected by the second surface of the fifth filter 50 and enters one of the multiple receivers 3.

[0094] In some embodiments, see Figure 9As shown, one of the multiple emitters 5 is used to emit a fourth light signal L4. After being reflected from the second surface of the first filter 10, the fourth light signal L4 is emitted toward the first optical filter film 101 in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, sequentially transmits through the first optical filter film 101, the second optical filter film 201, and the third optical filter film 301, and reaches the first surface of the fourth filter 40. After being reflected from the first surface of the fourth filter 40, it reaches the upper light incident surface. One of the multiple emitters 5 is used to emit a third light signal L3. The third light signal L3 is emitted toward the first optical filter film 101 in a direction perpendicular to the lower light incident surface. After being reflected from the first optical filter film 101, it sequentially transmits through the second optical filter film 201 and the third optical filter film 301, and reaches the first surface of the fourth filter 40. After being reflected from the first surface of the fourth filter 40, it reaches the upper light incident surface. surface; one of the multiple emitters 5 is used to emit a second light signal L2, which is emitted toward the second optical filter film 201 in a direction perpendicular to the lower light incident surface, is reflected by the second optical filter film 201, transmits through the third optical filter film 301, reaches the first surface of the fourth filter 40, and is reflected by the first surface of the fourth filter 40 before reaching the upper light incident surface; one of the multiple emitters 5 is used to emit a first light signal L1, which is emitted toward the third optical filter film 301 in a direction perpendicular to the lower light incident surface, is reflected by the third optical filter film 301, reaches the first surface of the fourth filter 40, and is reflected by the first surface of the fourth filter 40 before reaching the upper light incident surface; the first light signal L1, the second light signal L2, the third light signal L3, and the fourth light signal L4 are combined at the third optical filter film 301 and emitted vertically from the upper light incident surface.

[0095] Based on the above embodiment, when the optical module includes multiple receivers 3, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 is used for wavelength division demultiplexing; when the optical module includes multiple transmitters 5, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 is used for wavelength division multiplexing. Because the multiple filters in the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 are bonded and fixed to each other, they only need to be installed once, avoiding the spacing and tilt angle errors caused by installing multiple filters separately. This can improve the positional accuracy of the converged light spot and facilitate spot coupling.

[0096] In some embodiments, see Figure 10As shown, the optical module further includes a first substrate 6 having opposing third and fourth surfaces. The lower light-incident surfaces of the first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 are adhered and fixed to the third surface of the first substrate 6. The optical module further includes a plurality of converging lenses 7 disposed on the fourth surface of the first substrate 6, the fourth surface being parallel to the third surface. The converging lenses 7 are configured to converge light emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 and entering the receiver 3.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first substrate 6 is made of glass; the first substrate 6 is used to fix the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 and the converging lens 7 .

[0098] In some embodiments, the first optical filter film 101 is deposited on the first surface of the first filter 10 or the second surface of the second filter 20 by electron beam evaporation, the second optical filter film 201 is deposited on the first surface of the second filter 20 or the second surface of the third filter 30 by electron beam evaporation, and the third optical filter film 301 is deposited on the first surface of the third filter 30 or the second surface of the fourth filter 40 by electron beam evaporation. Electron beam evaporation uses a high-speed electron stream (electron beam) to heat and evaporate a material, and the material is deposited to form an optical filter film on the substrate surface.

[0099] In some embodiments, see Figure 11 As shown, the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 includes a first substrate 90 and a second substrate 100. The second surface of the first filter 10 is provided with a high-reflection film 802. The first surface of the fourth filter 40 is provided with a high-reflection film 802. The second surface of the first filter 10 is bonded and fixed to the first substrate 90. The first surface of the fourth filter 40 is bonded and fixed to the second substrate 100.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first filter 10 and the fourth filter 40 may not directly contact the air medium, but may contact the non-air medium first substrate 90 and the second substrate 100. The first substrate 90 and the second substrate 100 may be made of glass. The first substrate 90 and the second substrate 100 can protect the first filter 10 and the fourth filter 40, respectively, to prevent damage or scratches to the first filter 10 and the fourth filter 40 when assembling the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 with the housing 2.

[0101] In some embodiments, the high reflective film 802 is also called an HR (High Reflectance) film, and is used to improve the reflectivity of light.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 are formed by grinding a plurality of rectangular filters bonded together, and the upper light incident surface and the lower light incident surface are surfaces formed after grinding. Figure 12 As shown, the first filter 10, second filter 20, third filter 30, and fourth filter 40 are rectangular parallelepipeds bonded together before grinding. After grinding along the dotted line, the upper and lower light incident surfaces are parallel to each other. The first surface of the first filter 10 and the second surface of the second filter 20 are bonded and fixed together using optical adhesive. The first surface of the second filter 20 and the second surface of the third filter 30 are bonded and fixed together using optical adhesive. The first surface of the third filter 30 and the second surface of the fourth filter 40 are bonded and fixed together using optical adhesive.

[0103] One embodiment of the present application provides an optical module, which is a single-fiber bidirectional optical module. Figure 13 As shown, the single-fiber bidirectional optical module includes:

[0104] A housing 2, at least two transmitters 5 for transmitting light and at least two receivers 3 for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1, and a circuit board assembly 4 are provided within the housing 2. The at least two transmitters 5 are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer. The at least two receivers 3 are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer. The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1 includes a first filter 10, a second filter 20, a third filter 30, and a fourth filter 40 connected together. The first filter 10, the second filter 20, the third filter 30, and the fourth filter 40 each include a substrate and a first optical filter film 101, a second optical filter film 201, and a third optical filter film 301 provided on the substrate. The substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface that are parallel to each other, as well as a first surface and a second surface that are parallel to each other. The first surface of the first filter 10 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the second filter 20, the first surface of the second filter 20 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the third filter 30, and the first surface of the third filter 30 is bonded and fixed to the second surface of the fourth filter 40. The first optical filter film 101 is provided on the first surface of the first filter 10 or the second surface of the second filter 20, the second optical filter film 201 is provided on the first surface of the second filter 20 or the second surface of the third filter 30, and the third optical filter film 301 is provided on the first surface of the third filter 30 or the second surface of the fourth filter 40. The first optical filter film 101, the second optical filter film 201, and the third optical filter film 301 allow different wavelengths of light to pass through. When light containing multiple wavelengths is incident on the third optical filter film 301 in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film 301 and reaches the second optical filter film 201, while part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film 301 and enters one of the at least two receivers 3. The light reaching the second optical filter film 201 is partially transmitted through the second optical filter film 201 and reaches the first optical filter film 101, while part of the light is reflected by the second optical filter film 201 and enters the other of the at least two receivers 3. After being combined at the first optical filter film 101, the light emitted from the at least two transmitters 5 is sequentially transmitted through the second optical filter film 201 and the third optical filter film 301 before exiting the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer 1.

[0105] Based on the above embodiment, a single-fiber bidirectional optical module is used to achieve bidirectional transmission of the optical path. Furthermore, the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are affixed and fixed together, eliminating the need for multiple installations and requiring only one installation. This avoids spacing errors and tilt angle errors caused by the separate installation of multiple filters, resulting in a better parallelization effect of the optical signal, thereby improving the position accuracy of the convergent light spot and facilitating light spot coupling.

[0106] In some embodiments, see Figure 14 As shown, the transmitter 5 is a vertical cavity surface laser, and the wavelength range of the light emitted by the vertical cavity surface laser is 800nm-1000nm. The single-fiber bidirectional optical module is optically connected to the multimode optical fiber 9.

[0107] In some embodiments, see Figure 14 As shown, the single-fiber bidirectional optical module includes a collimating lens 8; the collimating lens 8 is disposed at the upper light incident surface; the collimating lens 8 is used to collimate light of multiple wavelengths and couple them to the multimode optical fiber 9. Specifically, the collimating lens 8 is used to collimate the third optical signal L3 and the fourth optical signal L4 and couple them to the multimode optical fiber 9.

[0108] In some embodiments, see Figure 13 As shown, the multiple transmitters 5 are electrically connected to the circuit board assembly 4, and / or the multiple receivers 3 are electrically connected to the circuit board assembly 4. The circuit board assembly 4 is used to control the multiple transmitters 5 to transmit optical signals, and the circuit board assembly 4 is also used to control the multiple receivers 3 to receive optical signals.

[0109] In summary, although the present application has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An optical module, characterized in that: The optical module includes: A housing, a plurality of transmitters for transmitting light and / or a plurality of receivers for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer, and a circuit board assembly disposed in the housing, wherein the plurality of transmitters are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer, and the plurality of receivers are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer; The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises a first filter, a second filter, a third filter and a fourth filter connected to each other; The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter each include a substrate and a first optical filter film, a second optical filter film, and a third optical filter film respectively provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other; The first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed; The first optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter, the second optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter, and the third optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter. The first optical filter film, the second optical filter film, and the third optical filter film allow different wavelengths of light to pass through. When light containing multiple wavelengths is emitted toward the third optical filter film along a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film and reaches the second optical filter film, and part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers. The light that reaches the second optical filter film is partially transmitted through the second optical filter film and reaches the first optical filter film, and part of it is reflected by the second optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers. The light that reaches the first optical filter film is partially transmitted through the first optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers, and part of it is reflected by the first optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein An AR film is provided on the first surface of the fourth filter; the AR film is used to improve the transmittance of light; Light containing multiple wavelengths is transmitted through the AR film in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface and reaches the third optical filter film.

3. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The upper light incident surface is provided with an AR film; and / or the lower light incident surface is provided with an AR film.

4. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The plane where the second surface is located forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane where the lower light incident surface is located.

5. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The thicknesses of the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are equal.

6. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer further includes a fifth filter, a sixth filter, a seventh filter, and an eighth filter connected to each other; The fifth filter, the sixth filter, the seventh filter, and the eighth filter each include a substrate and a fourth optical filter film, a fifth optical filter film, a sixth optical filter film, and a seventh optical filter film respectively provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other; The first surface of the fifth filter is attached to the second surface of the sixth filter, the first surface of the sixth filter is attached to the second surface of the seventh filter, the first surface of the seventh filter is attached to the second surface of the eighth filter, and the first surface of the eighth filter is attached to the second surface of the first filter. The fourth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the fifth filter or the second surface of the sixth filter, the fifth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the sixth filter or the second surface of the seventh filter, the sixth optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the seventh filter or the second surface of the eighth filter, and the seventh optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the eighth filter or the second surface of the first filter; The wavelength ranges of light allowed to pass through the third optical filter film, the second optical filter film, the first optical filter film, the seventh optical filter film, the sixth optical filter film, the fifth optical filter film, and the fourth optical filter film are successively narrowed.

7. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The optical module further includes a first substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface opposite to each other; the lower light incident surfaces of the first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are adhered and fixed to the third surface of the first substrate.

8. The optical module according to claim 7, wherein: The optical module also includes a plurality of converging lenses; the plurality of converging lenses are arranged on the fourth surface of the first substrate; the fourth surface is parallel to the third surface; the converging lenses are used to converge the light emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer and then entering the receiver.

9. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The first optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter by electron beam evaporation, the second optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter by electron beam evaporation, and the third optical filter film is formed by depositing on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter by electron beam evaporation.

10. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer includes a first substrate and a second substrate; The second surface of the first filter is provided with a high reflection film; the first surface of the fourth filter is provided with a high reflection film; The second surface of the first filter is attached to the first substrate and fixed; the first surface of the fourth filter is attached to the second substrate and fixed; When light containing multiple wavelengths is emitted to the first surface of the fourth filter, it is reflected by the high-reflection film provided on the first surface of the fourth filter and reaches the third optical filter film; Part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film to reach the second optical filter film, and part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film and enters one of the plurality of receivers; The light reaching the second optical filter film is partially transmitted through the second optical filter film and reaches the first optical filter film, and is partially reflected by the second optical filter film and enters one of the plurality of receivers; The light reaching the first optical filter film is partially transmitted through the first optical filter film and reaches the second surface of the first filter, is reflected by the high-reflection film provided on the second surface of the first filter, and then enters one of the multiple receivers, and is partially reflected by the first optical filter film and enters one of the multiple receivers.

11. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter are formed by grinding a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped filters bonded together, and the upper light incident surface and the lower light incident surface are surfaces formed after grinding.

12. The optical module according to claim 1, wherein: The first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed by optical glue.

13. An optical module, characterized in that: The optical module is a single-fiber bidirectional optical module, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical module includes: A housing, at least two transmitters for transmitting light and at least two receivers for receiving light, a wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer, and a circuit board assembly, the at least two transmitters being optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer, and the at least two receivers being optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer; The wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises a first filter, a second filter, a third filter and a fourth filter connected to each other; The first filter, the second filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter each include a substrate and a first optical filter film, a second optical filter film, and a third optical filter film provided on the substrate, wherein the substrate has an upper light incident surface and a lower light incident surface parallel to each other, and a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other; The first surface of the first filter and the second surface of the second filter are bonded and fixed, the first surface of the second filter and the second surface of the third filter are bonded and fixed, and the first surface of the third filter and the second surface of the fourth filter are bonded and fixed; The first optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the first filter or the second surface of the second filter, the second optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the second filter or the second surface of the third filter, and the third optical filter film is provided on the first surface of the third filter or the second surface of the fourth filter. The first optical filter film, the second optical filter film, and the third optical filter film allow different wavelengths of light to pass through. When light containing multiple wavelengths is incident on the third optical filter film in a direction parallel to the lower light incident surface, part of the light is transmitted through the third optical filter film and reaches the second optical filter film, part of the light is reflected by the third optical filter film and enters one of the at least two receivers, and part of the light reaching the second optical filter film is transmitted through the second optical filter film and reaches the first optical filter film, and part of the light is reflected by the second optical filter film and enters the other of the at least two receivers; The light emitted from the at least two emitters is combined at the first optical filter film, sequentially transmitted through the second optical filter film and the third optical filter film, and then emitted from the wavelength division multiplexer / demultiplexer.

14. The optical module according to claim 13, wherein: The transmitter is a vertical cavity surface laser, the wavelength range of the light emitted by the vertical cavity surface laser is 800nm-1000nm, and the single-fiber bidirectional optical module is optically connected to the multimode optical fiber.

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