Swing head shafting clamping structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a swing head shafting clamping structure which comprises a main shaft, a core shaft, a hydraulic clamping device and a fluted disc clamping device. The fluted disc clamping device comprises a rotating fluted disc, a fixed fluted disc and a piston fluted disc, the fixed fluted disc is arranged in the core shaft box on the outer side of the core shaft, the rotating fluted disc is fixed on the core shaft, and the piston fluted disc is installed in the core shaft box and arranged in an installation cavity on the outer side of the core shaft; the piston fluted disc can move in the direction close to or away from the rotating fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc and is meshed with the rotating fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc to lock the mandrel or separated from the rotating fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc to loosen the mandrel. The hydraulic clamping device is used for clamping the shafting when the head needs to be swung at any angle for machining, the fluted disc clamping device capable of providing large locking torque is used for clamping when the cutting force is large and the head needs to be swung at a specific angle for machining, and the corresponding clamping device is selected for clamping the head-swinging shafting under different working condition requirements. The position precision of the swing head in the machining process is guaranteed, and therefore the machining precision and the machining quality are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool swing heads, in particular to a swing head shaft system clamping structure. Background Art

[0002] The swing head is a component that rotates the workpiece or tool within a vertical plane. It is typically secured and supported by a swing head shaft clamping device to ensure stability and precision during machining. The swing head shaft clamping device clamps the swing head shaft to prevent excessive vibration or deflection during machining, thereby ensuring machining accuracy and safety.

[0003] The existing swing head shaft clamping device only has a single clamping method. One is to use hydraulic or pneumatic clamping, which can meet the clamping needs of any angle of the swing head shaft. However, when a fixed angle is required for processing and the cutting force is large, this type of clamping cannot meet the clamping needs, and thus cannot guarantee the position accuracy of the swing head during processing, resulting in reduced processing accuracy and poor processing quality. The other is to use toothed disc clamping for clamping, but this structure can only lock the swing head shaft at a specific angle, and cannot meet the need of locking the swing head shaft at any angle. Both clamping methods have certain application limitations and poor applicability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a swing head shaft system clamping structure to overcome the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A swing head shaft clamping structure includes a main shaft, a core shaft connected to the main shaft, a hydraulic clamping device provided at both axial ends of the core shaft and used to clamp the core shaft at any angle, and a toothed disc clamping device used to clamp the core shaft at a fixed angle;

[0007] The hydraulic clamping device is arranged outside the core shaft and at the end of the toothed disc clamping device away from the main shaft;

[0008] The geared disc clamping device includes a rotating geared disc, a fixed geared disc and a piston geared disc, the fixed geared disc is arranged inside the core shaft box outside the core shaft, the rotating geared disc is fixed on the core shaft, the piston geared disc is installed inside the core shaft box and is arranged in an installation cavity outside the core shaft, the piston geared disc can move toward the direction approaching the rotating geared disc and the fixed geared disc and engage with the two to lock the core shaft, or move toward the direction away from the rotating geared disc and the fixed geared disc and separate from the two to loosen the core shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a piston cylinder is fixed in the core shaft box, a mounting groove is provided on the side of the piston cylinder close to the main shaft, the piston gear disc is movably installed in the mounting groove, a fixed gear disc is provided on the side of the piston cylinder close to the main shaft, the fixed gear disc is arranged on the outside of the rotating gear disc, and the teeth of the fixed gear disc and the teeth of the rotating gear disc are located in the same plane.

[0010] Furthermore, a piston ring is fixed on the piston cylinder, and a first vertical surface is provided on the piston ring. A second vertical surface is provided on the piston gear disc opposite to the first vertical surface, and a loosening oil chamber is formed between the first vertical surface and the second vertical surface. A locking oil chamber is formed between a side surface of the piston gear disc away from the second vertical surface and the wall of the mounting groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the piston ring is provided with a first contact surface extending along the movement direction of the piston ring in the installation groove, and the piston gear disc is provided with a second contact surface that is always in contact with the first contact surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic clamping device includes a hydraulic clamping sleeve and a hydraulic oil chamber. The hydraulic clamping sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the core shaft. An end cover is installed on the end of the core shaft box away from the main shaft. The hydraulic clamping sleeve is fixed on the end cover. The hydraulic oil chamber is formed between the hydraulic clamping sleeve and the end cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the end cover is provided with a hydraulic channel communicating with the hydraulic oil chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a motor arranged in the core shaft box, and the rotor of the motor is connected to the core shaft through a rotor connecting disk.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The utility model discloses a swing head shaft system clamping structure, which adopts a hydraulic clamping device to clamp the shaft system when the swing head needs to be processed at any angle, and adopts a geared disc clamping device that can provide a large locking torque to clamp the shaft system when the chip force is large and the swing head needs to be processed at a specific angle, so as to ensure the locking rigidity. This clamping structure can select the corresponding clamping device to clamp the swing head shaft system under different working conditions, so as to ensure the position accuracy of the swing head during the processing, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and processing quality, and can meet the clamping requirements of the swing head under any working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a swing head shaft clamping structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Magnified view of part B.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Spindle;

[0023] 2. Mandrel;

[0024] 3. Hydraulic clamping device; 31. Hydraulic clamping sleeve; 32. Hydraulic oil chamber;

[0025] 4. Toothed disc clamping device; 41. Rotating toothed disc; 42. Fixed toothed disc; 43. Piston toothed disc; 431. Second vertical surface; 432. Second contact surface;

[0026] 5. Mandrel box;

[0027] 6. Piston ring; 61. First vertical surface; 62. First contact surface;

[0028] 7. Piston cylinder; 71. Mounting slot;

[0029] 8. Lock the oil chamber;

[0030] 9. Loosen the oil chamber;

[0031] 10. Motor; 101. Rotor; 102. Rotor connecting plate;

[0032] 11. End cap;

[0033] 12. Spindle box;

[0034] 13. Spindle bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 The figure shows a swing head shaft clamping structure provided by this embodiment, comprising a main shaft 1, a core shaft 2 connected to the main shaft, a hydraulic clamping device 3 provided at both axial ends of the core shaft 2 and used to clamp the core shaft 2 at any angle, and a toothed disc clamping device 4 for clamping the core shaft 2 at a fixed angle;

[0037] The hydraulic clamping device 3 is arranged outside the core shaft 2 and at the end of the gear clamping device 4 away from the main shaft 1;

[0038] The geared disc clamping device 4 includes a rotating geared disc 41, a fixed geared disc 42 and a piston geared disc 43. The fixed geared disc 42 is arranged inside the core shaft box 5 outside the core shaft. The rotating geared disc 41 is fixed on the core shaft. The piston geared disc 43 is installed inside the core shaft box and is arranged in the mounting cavity outside the core shaft. The piston geared disc 43 can move toward the direction of approaching the rotating geared disc 41 and the fixed geared disc 42 and engage with the two to lock the core shaft 2, or move toward the direction of moving away from the rotating geared disc 41 and the fixed geared disc 42 and separate from the two to loosen the core shaft 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the rotating toothed disc 41 is fixed to the inner ring of the spindle bearing 13 sleeved on the outer side of the spindle, and can be driven to rotate together with the spindle by the motor rotor, and the inner ring of the spindle bearing and the spindle are transitionally matched, and the spindle bearing, the rotating toothed disc and the spindle box are fixedly connected by screws. The locking force between the three can be sufficient to ensure that when the rotating toothed disc 41 is engaged with the piston toothed disc 43 and the fixed toothed disc, the spindle will not rotate when the main shaft is subjected to a large cutting force;

[0040] When the main shaft (core shaft) requires a clamping condition with any angle and relatively small torque, after the core shaft is rotated to any required angle, the hydraulic clamping device 3 is used to clamp the core shaft to achieve the clamping of the main shaft; when the main shaft requires a clamping condition with a specific angle and relatively large torque, the core shaft is clamped by the toothed disc clamping device 4 to achieve the clamping of the main shaft. The toothed disc clamping device provides greater locking rigidity to ensure the spindle position accuracy and processing quality.

[0041] This clamping structure can be applied not only to the swing head shaft system that needs to be locked, but also to other machine tool accessories with rotating shafts that need to be locked, such as workbenches. Therefore, this clamping structure has the advantages of strong applicability and a wide range of applications. In this embodiment, the clamping structure is applied to the swing head, that is, the core shaft box is the swing head box, the core shaft is the core shaft of the swing head, and the hydraulic clamping device and the toothed disc clamping device are both arranged on the same side of the main shaft. In actual applications, the positions of the hydraulic clamping device and the toothed disc clamping device are not fixed, and the positions of the two clamping devices can be adjusted according to structural requirements. For example, the hydraulic clamping device and the toothed disc clamping device can be respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft to achieve the effect of locking it from both sides of the main shaft.

[0042] The utility model discloses a swing head shaft system clamping structure. When the swing head needs to be processed at any angle, a hydraulic clamping device is used to clamp the shaft system. When the chip force is large and the swing head needs to be processed at a specific angle, a toothed disc clamping device that can provide a large locking torque is used to clamp the shaft system to ensure locking rigidity. This clamping structure can select the corresponding clamping device to clamp the swing head shaft system under different working conditions. While ensuring the position accuracy of the swing head during processing, thereby ensuring processing accuracy and processing quality, it can meet the clamping requirements of the swing head under any working conditions. In addition, both a hydraulic clamping device and a toothed disc clamping device can be used to clamp the core shaft to meet the requirements of greater locking rigidity.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a piston cylinder 7 is fixed in the spindle box, and a mounting groove 71 is provided on the side of the piston cylinder 7 close to the main shaft, and the piston gear disc 43 is movably installed in the mounting groove 71. The fixed gear disc 42 is provided on the side of the piston cylinder 7 close to the main shaft, and the fixed gear disc 42 is arranged on the outer side of the rotating gear disc 41. The teeth of the fixed gear disc 42 and the teeth of the rotating gear disc 41 are located in the same plane. In this embodiment, the tooth surfaces of the fixed gear disc 42 and the rotating gear disc 41 are both arranged along the radial direction of the core shaft and face the tooth surface of the piston gear disc 43, which can be movably mounted in the spindle box. When the piston gear disc 43 moves toward the fixed gear disc 42 and the rotating gear disc 41, it engages with the tooth surface of the piston gear disc 43, and then can lock the rotating gear disc, and finally achieves the clamping of the main shaft; because the teeth on the gear disc are at a specific angle and are relatively rigid, the gear disc locking device can provide large torque and specific angle locking. When the cutting force is large and a certain angle clamping processing is required, the gear disc locking device is used to clamp the core shaft to achieve the clamping of the main shaft and then perform the cutting processing. It can ensure the processing position accuracy of the tool on the main shaft, ensure the processing accuracy of the workpiece, and improve the processing quality.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2-3As shown, a piston ring 6 is fixed to the piston cylinder 7. The piston ring 6 has a first vertical surface 61. The piston toothed disc 43 has a second vertical surface 431 opposite to the first vertical surface 61. A loosening oil chamber 9 is formed between the first vertical surface 61 and the second vertical surface 431. A locking oil chamber 8 is formed between a side surface of the piston toothed disc 43 away from the second vertical surface 431 and the wall of the mounting groove 71. The loosening oil chamber 9 and the locking oil chamber 8 are respectively provided on either side of the piston toothed disc 43. In this embodiment, locking passages are provided on both the spindle box 5 and the piston cylinder 7. The locking passages communicate with the locking oil chambers. When the toothed disc locking device is required to provide high torque locking at a specific angle, oil pressure enters the locking oil chamber through the locking passages. The oil pressure drives the piston toothed disc 43 to move within the mounting groove 71 along the first contact surface 62 toward the fixed toothed disc and the locking toothed disc until the piston toothed disc is released. 43 is engaged with the two. At this time, since the piston gear disc is engaged with the fixed gear disc fixed on the piston cylinder and the rotating gear disc fixedly connected to the core shaft at the same time, the core shaft can be clamped, thereby ensuring the clamping of the main shaft. When it is necessary to unlock and release the core shaft and the main shaft, oil pressure is introduced into the loosening oil chamber through the loosening channel to drive the piston gear disc 43 to move in the mounting groove 71 along the first contact surface 62 in the direction away from the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc. The piston gear disc 43 is separated from the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc and is in a non-engaged state, unlocking the core shaft and the main shaft.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the piston ring 6 is provided with a first contact surface 62 extending along the direction of its movement in the mounting groove 71, and the piston toothed disc 43 is provided with a second contact surface 432 that is always in contact with the first contact surface 62; in this embodiment, the first contact surface 62 and the second contact surface 432 are both arranged along the axial direction of the core shaft 2, and when the core shaft (and the main shaft) are clamped by the toothed disc clamping device 4, the piston toothed disc 43 moves toward the fixed toothed disc, the rotating toothed disc, or away from the fixed toothed disc, the rotating toothed disc in the mounting groove. The first contact surface and the second contact surface can contact the piston toothed disc 43. The movement of the piston gear disc provides guidance and limiting functions, and at the same time cooperates with the contact surface between the piston gear disc and the inner wall of the installation groove to further realize the guidance and limitation of the piston gear disc, ensuring that the piston gear disc engages with the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc quickly and accurately, thereby completing the clamping of the core shaft and the main shaft; a release oil chamber 9 that can realize the unlocked state of the core shaft and the main shaft is formed between the second contact surface 432 and the first vertical surface 61 and the second vertical surface 431, and finally the locking or unlocking of the core shaft is realized by introducing oil into the locking channel and the release channel, thereby realizing the fixed or non-fixed state of the main shaft, that is, the clamping or loosening of the swing shaft is realized.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the hydraulic clamping device 3 includes a hydraulic clamping sleeve 31 and a hydraulic oil chamber 32. The hydraulic clamping sleeve 31 is sleeved on the outer side of the core shaft. An end cover 11 is installed on the end of the core shaft box 5 away from the main shaft 1. The hydraulic clamping sleeve 31 is fixed on the end cover 11, and the hydraulic oil chamber 32 is formed between the hydraulic clamping sleeve 31 and the end cover 11.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the end cap 11 is provided with a hydraulic passageway connected to the hydraulic oil chamber 32. Oil pressure enters the hydraulic oil chamber through the hydraulic passageway on the end cap 11, causing the hydraulic clamping sleeve to deform and exert a radial locking force on the core shaft, thereby clamping and securing the core shaft. When unlocking is required, the oil pressure is released through the hydraulic passageway, and the hydraulic clamping sleeve returns to its initial state due to its elasticity, releasing the core shaft. The core shaft can then be rotated to any angle under the drive of the motor, thereby driving the main shaft to rotate to any angle.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, a motor 10 is further included in the spindle box, and a rotor 101 of the motor is connected to the spindle 2 via a rotor connecting plate 102. The rotor 101 is fixed to the rotor connecting plate 102 by bolts, and the spindle 2 is fixedly connected to the rotor connecting plate 102 by bolts; after the motor 10 is started, the rotor 101 rotates to drive the rotor connecting plate 102 to rotate, and drives the spindle 2 and the main shaft 1 to rotate around the spindle axis.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the spindle is disposed in a spindle box 12 connected to one end of the core shaft. The spindle box is used to support and carry the spindle and is provided with a driving device for driving the spindle to rotate.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swing head shaft clamping structure, characterized in that: It comprises a main shaft (1), a core shaft (2) connected to the main shaft, a hydraulic clamping device (3) provided at both axial ends of the core shaft (2) and used to clamp the core shaft (2) at any angle, and a toothed disc clamping device (4) for clamping the core shaft (2) at a fixed angle; The hydraulic clamping device (3) is arranged outside the core shaft (2) and at an end of the toothed disc clamping device (4) away from the main shaft (1); The toothed disc clamping device (4) comprises a rotating toothed disc (41), a fixed toothed disc (42) and a piston toothed disc (43), wherein the fixed toothed disc (42) is arranged inside the spindle box (5) outside the spindle, the rotating toothed disc (41) is fixed on the spindle, and the piston toothed disc (43) is installed inside the spindle box (5) and arranged in the installation cavity outside the spindle, and the piston toothed disc (43) can move in a direction close to the rotating toothed disc (41) and the fixed toothed disc (42) and mesh with the two to lock the spindle (2), or move in a direction away from the rotating toothed disc (41) and the fixed toothed disc (42) and separate from the two to loosen the spindle (2).

2. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston cylinder (7) is fixed in the spindle box (5), a mounting groove (71) is provided on the side of the piston cylinder (7) close to the main shaft (1), the piston toothed disc (43) is movably installed in the mounting groove (71), a fixed toothed disc (42) is provided on the side of the piston cylinder (7) close to the main shaft (1), the fixed toothed disc (42) is arranged on the outside of the rotating toothed disc (41), and the teeth of the fixed toothed disc (42) and the teeth of the rotating toothed disc (41) are located in the same plane.

3. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston ring (6) is fixed on the piston cylinder (7), and a first vertical surface (61) is provided on the piston ring (6). A second vertical surface (431) is provided on the piston toothed disc (43) and is arranged opposite to the first vertical surface (61). A loosening oil chamber (9) is formed between the first vertical surface (61) and the second vertical surface (431), and a locking oil chamber (8) is formed between a side surface of the piston toothed disc (43) away from the second vertical surface (431) and a groove wall of the mounting groove (71).

4. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston ring (6) is provided with a first contact surface (62) extending along its movement direction in the mounting groove (71), and the piston toothed disc (43) is provided with a second contact surface (432) that is always in contact with the first contact surface (62).

5. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic clamping device (3) comprises a hydraulic clamping sleeve (31) and a hydraulic oil chamber (32); the hydraulic clamping sleeve (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the core shaft; an end cover (11) is installed on the end of the core shaft box (5) away from the main shaft (1); the hydraulic clamping sleeve (31) is fixed on the end cover (11); and the hydraulic oil chamber (32) is formed between the hydraulic clamping sleeve (31) and the end cover (11).

6. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end cover (11) is provided with a hydraulic channel communicating with the hydraulic oil chamber (32).

7. The swing head shaft clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a motor (10) arranged in the spindle box (5), and a rotor (101) of the motor is connected to the spindle (2) through a rotor connecting disk (102).

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